The Argument between Adam and

Moosa
The Argument between Adam and Moosa

A refutation on those who use the Qadr to Sin

By Shaykh Mar’ee ibn Yusef Al-Hanbali[1][1033H]

‫اﺣ ْﺘَﺞَّ آدَمُ وَﻣُﻮﺳَﻰ ﻓ َﻘَﺎلَ ﻟَﻪُ ﻣُﻮﺳَﻰ‬

َ َ
‫ﻳَﺎ آدَمُ أ ﻧْﺖَ أ ﺑ ُﻮﻧَﺎ ﺧ َﻴَّﺒْﺘَﻨَﺎ‬
َ
‫‏‬.‫وَأ ﺧ ْﺮ َﺟ ْﺘَﻨَﺎ ﻣِﻦ َ اﻟْﺠ َﻨَّﺔِ ﺑِﺬ َﻧْﺒِﻚ َ ‏‬
َ ‫ﻓ َﻘَﺎلَ ﻟَﻪُ آدَمُ ﻳَﺎ ﻣُﻮﺳَﻰ اﺻ ْﻄ َﻔَﺎك‬
َ‫اﻟﻠَّﻪُ ﺑِﻜ َﻼ َﻣِﻪِ وَﺧ َﻂ َّ ﻟَﻚ َ اﻟﺘَّﻮْر َاة‬
َ َ
ُ ‫ﺑِﻴَﺪِهِ أ ﺗَﻠُﻮﻣُﻨِﻲ ﻋ َﻠَﻰ أ ﻣْﺮ ٍ ﻗ َﺪ َّر َه‬
َ
‫اﻟﻠَّﻪُ ﻋ َﻠَﻰ َّ ﻗ َﺒْﻞ َ أ نْ ﻳَﺨ ْﻠُﻘَﻨِﻲ‬
َ
‫ﺑِﺄ ر ْﺑ َﻌِﻴﻦ َ ﺳَﻨَﺔً ﻓ َﺤ َﺞَّ آدَمُ ﻣُﻮﺳَﻰ‬
‫ﻓ َﺤ َﺞَّ آدَمُ ﻣُﻮﺳَﻰ ﻓ َﺤ َﺞَّ آدَمُ ﻣُﻮﺳَﻰ‬
The Prophet (‫ )ﷺ‬said: ‘Adam and Musa debated, and Musa said
to him: “O Adam, you are our father but have deprived us and
caused us to be expelled from Paradise because of your sin.”
Adam said to him: “O Musa, Allah chose you to speak with,
and he wrote the Tawrah for you with His own Hand. Are you
blaming me for something which Allah decreed for me forty
years before He created me?” Thus Adam won the argument with
Musa, thus Adam won the argument with Musa.'”[2]

Benefits for this Hadith :

Some people use this hadith as a license to sin. Imam Al-

Mar’ee ibn Yusef Al-Hanbali said: This hadith is authentic
but it doesn’t mean what some people misconstrue it be. That
is it’s permissible to sin as it’s all been decreed by
Allah.

Ibn Taymiyyah said: Some groups believe from this

hadith that Adam used the Qadr as a reason for his sin
and that he debated Musa with that as his proof.

Imam Al-Mara’ee said the apparent meaning of this

hadith is Adam debated Musa arguing that he repented
of the sin, and submitted to the fact of the
consequences of his action for his offspring.

Included in this hadith is the act a person surrenders

to the Qadr when a calamity befalls him.

A repentant sinner can’t be blamed for what he did.

The believer is ordered to return to the Qadr at a

calamity and not to the sin or act of disobedience, so
he remains patient during calamity and repents to
Allah.
As for sins then no one has the right to use the Qadr
as means to justify the act of disobedience, rather he
must avoid the sin, and if he sins ,then he must
repent the same way Adam did.

The Salaf said: Two people sinned Adam and Satan. Adam
repented and Allah accepted it and Ibliss remained on
his sin and used the Qadr as his excuse; thus he was
cursed and expelled from Jannah. Hence whoever repents
from sinning resembles Adam and whoever continues to
sin using the Qadr is similar to Satan.

If the Qadr was an excuse to sin then Ibliss, Fir’aun,

and all disbelievers would have a valid excuse.

Musa is well aware of Allah to blame Adam for a sin he

repented from. The one who repents is like the one who
never sinned. So how could Musa blame his father for a
sin he repent for and consequently Allah forgave him.

Using the Qadr as an excuse to sin is rejected by

every religion and person of intellect. For instance,
if a person oppressed another could fate be accepted
as an excuse?

If a person stole something for you would you accept

his excuse it was decreed?

If a person owed you some money would you accept his

excuse I’ll pay you when Allah decrees I have money?

If the Qadr was an excuse to sin and commit oppression

then no one could blame anyone or be punished for
their crimes. A person would have the right to take
the life,the property, and the wealth of another and
use the Qadr as an excuse.

The people in Hell will try to use the Qadr as an

excuse for their disobedience. Allah said: Those who
took partners (in worship) with Allah will say: “If
Allah had willed, we would not have taken partners (in
worship) with Him, nor would our fathers, and we would
not have forbidden anything (against His Will).”[Al-
An’am:148]

The pagans will use the Qadr as a reason for rejecting

the Messengers, practicing shirk and abandoning
Tawheed. However if one of them used the Qadr as an
excuse to neglect his rights he wouldn’t accept it.

The origins of those who use the Qadr to sin come from
the pagans and Arabs of pre-Islamic times.

Using the Qadr as an excuse to sin is among the

greatest types of innovation.

Allah said: And those who join others in worship with

Allah say: “If Allah had so willed, neither we nor our
 fathers would have worshipped aught but Him, nor would
we have forbidden anything without (Command from)
Him.[An-Nahl:35]. Allah explained this speech refers
to those who denied the messengers and doesn’t mean
the Qadr is a proof.

Only people of desires use the Qadr as a reason to

sin.

Every being of intellect knows the Qadr can’t be used

to avoid acts since man has free will. For instance,
if a slave told his master I won’t do it until Allah
creates this action. Could that be accepted from the
slave?

If the Qadr was an excuse to sin, then nothing would

happen except what Allah intended. This would mean
Allah has placed a burden on the soul which it can’t
bear and then be punished. This is oppression and
Allah is free from oppression. [3]

[1] He lived during the beginning of the Othman era. He was

born in Palestine. Some of his teachers were, Sh Muhammed Al-
Mardawee, and Qadi Yahya Al-Hijjawi. Shaykh Mar’ee excelle in
Quranic sciences, Naskh wa Mansukh,He was Salafi in his
aqeedah and a Hanabli expert. He graduated from Azhar. His
most well-known book today is Dalil At-Talib.

[2] Collected by Al-Bukhari [6414] and Muslim [6912]

‫رﻓﻊ اﻟﺸﺒﻬﺔ اﻟﻐﺮر ﻋﻤﻦ ﻳﺤﺘﺞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻘﺪر ]‪[3‬‬ ‫‪, by‬‬
‫‪Shaykh Mar’ee ibn Yusef Al-Hanbali‬‬