EFFECTIVENESS OF EDUCATIONAL TOUR OF THIRD YEAR

HOTEL AND RESTAURANT MANAGEMENT OF

DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY-DASMARINAS

An Undergraduate Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of

College of International Hospitality Management in

De La Salle University-Dasmarinas

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the

Degree Bachelor of Science in Hotel and

Restaurant Management

Names:

October 11
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers wish to express their sincere and profound gratitude to the

following persons and institutions who, in one way or there, have generously contributed

to the successful completion of the study:

UPHSD- LASPINAS, the premiere university in cavite, who for giving the researchers

the opportunity of experiencing and having this study;

Ms Rowena pena, professor in research, for willingly helping the research in their

completion of the study, not only a requirement of the subject but also a requirement for

the degree;

Prof annalitte bautista , the adviser of the researchers, for her sincere concern,

assistance, intelligent criticism, and invaluable suggestions in the improvement of the

study;

3rd year HRM students of DLSU-D, the respondents, for the cooperation they

contributed to the completion of the study;

Their parents for their love and undying support;

And above all, our Heavenly Father, for giving His undying blessings, strength,

determination and guidance to the pursuit for the study.

PMDN/CVC
 DEDICATION

To Almighty God for his love, grace and wisdom

To their loving family and closest friends

To all tourism students

To all future researchers

ABSTRACT

Title: Effectiveness of Educational tour of tourism students of College of International

Hospitality Management of University of Perpetual Help System DALTA-Las Pinas.

Purpose of the Study

The study predominantly highlights Effectiveness of Educational tour of tourism

students of College of International Hospitality Management of University of Perpetual

Help System DALTA.The respondents of the study here consist of # students of

UPHSD-Las PIńas. Survey was used in this study to select the respondents. In simple

survey each individual was chosen randomly and entirely by chance.

Hypothesis:

Null hypothesis: There is no significant difference among the assessment of the

respondents on educational tours.

Introduction

An educational tour offers an opportunity for a rich immersion experience, and a

tremendous way to facilitate learning. In an educational tour, students have the chance
to experience a culture firsthand, connecting with the people and place on a much
deeper level than they ever could in the classroom. Educational trips can enhance
learning in many subjects, allowing students time to bond with their peers and have
a range of new experiences outside of the classroom.
In the Philippines, educational tours are traditionally held every
semester. But given the global competition in labor and employment, more and more
universities are starting to conduct this kind of activity locally including the University of
Perpetual Help System DALTA - Las Piñas.
Although educational tours have a lot of advantages and disadvantages, several

factors may be counted on the downside. Among these are getting information in

person is usually more interesting than getting it from a book, or from video, social skills

are learned when one is exposed to the world, trips are a model for learning through

exploration. On the other hand educational tours may cost students and unfocussed trip

can be a waste of time. Having stated these premises, this study thus aims to explore

the Effectives of Educational tour of tourism students of College of International

Hospitality Management of University of Perpetual Help System DALTA.

In the CIHM (Tourism) students have their yearly tour as a requirement in one of
the subjects. The recent tour and convention are the ILOCOS tour. These tours aim to
familiarize the students to the different segments of hospitality industry to help them
easily adopt and absorb their lesson.
The researchers were able to analyze how effective the educational tour for the
tourism students of UPHSD were to contribute to the career that they will be having to
the near future.
Background of the study
Educational tour of BS-Tourism students in every year level is one of the
requirements of every student that has to be accomplished.
In the first two years that they have experienced educational tour; those tours
have become effective for the students. However there were some things that
happened unexpectedly during the tour like difficulty in breathing experienced by one of
the students; some stranded in a specific area because of unexpected technical
problem experienced by the bus; and the delay of time.
This time, the researchers wanted to study the Effectives of Educational tour of

tourism students of College of International Hospitality Management of University of

Perpetual Help System DALTA.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter discusses the different literatures and studies interrelated with the variables
presented in the study. The related literatures show a connection between the research and the studies
already conducted to attain an overall relevance and purpose.

Foreign literature

Harril & potts (2003) believed that “tourism is an invisible industry, encompassing transportation,
loading and entertainment. Unfortunately, tourism is also invisible to many planners, so tourism
development is often left to private developers and leisure providers”.

USA Student Travel provides a variety of educational, leadership, theatre, arts, celebration &
adventure and science programs with customized and learning-standards based itineraries, trips, tours,
classes, workshops and more. Ask about their “must-do” tours that have created incredibly memorable
and life-changing experience for their student travellers for over 30 years.

The highest purpose of tourism is to becoe better aquainted with people in other places and
countries, because this furthers the understanding and appreciation that builds a better world for all.
International travel also involves the exchange of knowledge and ideas, another worthy objective. Travel
raises levels of human experience, recognition and achievements in many learning, research in artistic
activity. Tourism goes beyond dependable transportation and comfortable hotels; it necessitates
enhancing all the avenue through which a country presents itself. They include educational, cultural,
media, science, and meeting/congress activities. To increase accessibility, cultural institutions need to
adapt to meet visitors needs, sometimes providing multilingual guides and signage. Tourists can the
more easily choose the purposeful activities that will match their interests.

Travel experiences vary according to the varieties of mankind and the geographical distribution.
To classify destinations so that a systematic discussion of tourism motivation can be undertaken, Valen
J. Smith has identified six categories or tourism: (1) ethnic tourism, (2) cultural tourism, (3) historical
tourism, (4) environmental tourism, and (6) business tourism. Obviously, destinations can usually do,
provide ore than one type of tourism experience.

While culture is only one factor that determines the overall attractiveness of a tourism region, it
is a very rich and diverse one. The elements of a society’s culture are a complex reflection of the way its
people live, work and play.

Cultural tourism covers all aspects of travel whereby people learn about each other’s way of life
and thougt. Tourism is thus an important means a promoting cultural relations and international
cooperation. Conversely, development of cultural factors within a nation is a means of enhancing
resources to attract visitors. It is used to promote not only knowledge and understanding but also a
favourable image of the nation among foreigners in the travel market.

The channels through which a country presents itself to tourists can be considered its cultural factors.
These are the entertainment, food, drink, hospitality, architecture, manufactured and handcrafted
products of a country and all other characteristics of a nation’s way of life.

Successful tourism is not simply a matter of having better transportation and hotels but of
adding particular national flavour in keeping with traditional ways of life and projecting a favourable
image of the benefits to tourists of such goods and services. A nation’s cultural attractions must be
presented intelligently and creatively. In this age of uniformity, the products of one nation are almost
indistinguishable from those of another. There is a great need for encouraging cultural diversity.
Improved techniques of architectural design and artistic presentation can be used to create a an
expression of originality in every part of the world.

Taken in their narrower sense, cultural factors in tourism play a dominant role chiefly in
activities that are specifically intended to promote the transmission or sharing of knowledge and ideas.
Consider the following factors factor: libraries, museums, exhibitions; musical, dramatic, or film
performances: radio and television programs, recordings; study tours or short courses; schools and
universities for longer-terms study and research; scientific and archaeological expeditions, schools at
sea; joint production of films and; conferences, congresses, meetings, seminars

In addition, many activities that are not educational or cultural in a narrow some provide
opportunities for people of different nations to get to know each other.

A study from travel Industry Association of America (TIA) and Smithsonian Magazine shows
continued and growing interest in travellers’ desire to experience cultural, arts, historic and heritage
activities. Study results as reported in The Historical Cultural Travellers, 2003 editions, show that a
remarkable 81 percent of U.S adults or 118 million are considered historic/cultural travellers. These
travellers included historical or cultural activities on almost 217 million person-trips last year. Up 13
percent from 192 million 1996. (A person trip is one person on one tri travelling 50 miles or more from
home one way.

Tourism is a generic term which encompasses many different types of travel. The forms of
tourism contribute to the nature of the experiences gained by tourists and influence the effects which
they gave on the host society and their environment.

Carrying capacity is the maximum number of people who can use a site without an unacceptable
alteration in the physical environment and without an unacceptable decline in the quality of the
experience gained by visitors. There is now an extensive literature on the carrying capacity of
recreational areas but this is not the place to review it for this has been done adequately elsewhere

(Mitchell, 1979:176-200). However, several points merit emphasis. The concept appears to be applicable
to both natural and manmade environments, although it has been largely applied to the farmer. There
are few examples of the application of the concept in studies of tourism although there are signs that
this may be changing (McCool, 1978). A recreation site of tourist resort, be it natural, man modified or
man-made, does not have in our carrying capacity. The capacity will reflect the goals established for the
site or resort and these should specify the level of environment modification which is unacceptable and
the nature of the experiences to be provided. It may be influenced by such factors as capital availability
and managerial experience. Carrying capacity remains an elusive concept, but the time when
researchers and managers sought one mythical magic number, which could be approached with safety
but exceeded at peril, have passed. Discussions of the carrying capacity concept must have directed
attention to the need for clear and precise statements of goals, and assessments of the extent to which
those goals are being realized.

Local Literature

Philippines’ best places are designed for people who love to travel looking nice places in the
Philippines and understand the nature and imperative for tourism planning presented in the classroom
discussion. Analyzing the importance and effectiveness of tourism planning system in every hour that
we have.

Appreciating the importance and benefits of proper planning and development in tourist
destinations; and applying the principles learned through active participation in educational tours.

Foreign Studies

Tourism is travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. The World tourism Organization
defines tourists as a people who “travel to and stay in places outside their usual environment for more
than twenty-four(24) hours and not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other
purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited.”

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism
 Educational tours or field trips are learning experiences outside the classroom. These trips
supplement classroom learning by providing students an opportunity to see the actual places, artefacts,
flora and fauna, or phenomena that are described in textbooks and lectures. They also enrich the
students’ experiences by exposing them to situations that are new to them. Educational tours may also
be undertaken by family groups, whether homeschooling or not. At the vocational and college level,
highly specialized field trips may be taken in order for students to gain firsthand knowledge on their
major.

Educational tourism

Educational tourism developed, because of the growing popularity of teaching and learning of
knowledge and the enhancing of technical competency outside of the classroom environment. In
educational tourism, the main focus of the tour or leisure activity includes visiting another country to
learn about the culture, such as in Student Exchange Programs and Study Tours or to work and apply
skills learned inside the classroom in a different environment, such as in the International Practicum
Training Program.

http://en.wikipedia.or/wiki/tourism#Educational_tourism

The Romance of Pleasure Travel

Perhaps the strongest of all individual travel motivations is simply that of satisfying a need for
pleasure. Travel has the unique quality of being able to satisfy this desire to an extremely high degree.
Not all trips are pleasurable, but some are more pleasurable than anticipated. The planning and
anticipation period prior to the trip can be as enjoyable as the trip itself. Discussing prospects of the trip
with friends and pursuing research, educational and shopping activities relating to the trip and the area
to be visited are important parts of the total pleasure travel experience. In the formulation of marketing
programs and advertising, in particular, the pleasurable aspects of the trip need to be emphasized. The
prospective traveller should be told how much fun it I to go to the popular, as well as some of the
uncommon destinations.

The romance of the trip is also a strong motivation, particularly in relation to honeymoon travel
and for those who are thrilled with the romantic aspects of seeing, experiencing and enjoying the
culture of strange and attractive places. Thus the romance and pleasure of the trip are primary
attributes of the travel experience and need to be emphasized far ore than they have been in the past.
Sharing experiences with members of the faily or friends is another integral part of the enjoyment of the
trip. A trip can become a fine medium through which additional pleasure, appreciation and romance are
experienced.

Local Studies

Educational tour needs tourism planning that is implemented at different levels from the
general level which may apply to an entire country or region down to the local level which may apply to
detail planning for specific resort. What is important to emphasize is the tourism planning and
development must be integrated among levels to take into account different levels of concern and to
avoid duplication of efforts and policies. Each level involves different considerations follows:

International level – Tourism planning at the international level involves more than one country
and includes areas such as international transportation services, joint tourism marketing, regional
tourism polices and standards, cooperation between sectors of member countries, and other
cooperative concerns.

National level – Tourism planning at the national level is concerned with national tourism policy,
structure planning, transportation networks within the country, major tourism attractions, national level
facility and service standards, investment policy, tourism education and training, and marketing of
tourism.

Regional level – tourism planning at the regional level generally is done by provinces, states or
prefectures involving regional policy and infrastructure planning, regional access and transportation
network, and other related functions at regional level.

Local or community level – tourism planning at the local level involves sub regions, cities, towns,
villages, resorts, rural areas and some tourist attractions. This level of planning may focus on tourism
area plans, land use planning for resorts, and planning for other tourism facilities and attractions.

Site planning level – Site planning refers to planning for specific location of buildings and
structures, recreational facilities, conservation and landscape areas and other facilities carried out for
specific development sites such as tourism resorts and may also involve the design of buildings,
structures, landscaping and engineering design based on the site plan.

Tourism planning is primarily economic development planning that is directed towards tourism-
related objectives which differ between the public sector and the private sector. In the public sector,
most planning is done by different levels of government. Public sector tourism planning includes
consideration of economic and social factors, land use policies and zoning controls, environmental
concerns, infrastructure development, employment concerns and the provision of public services.
Private sector tourism planning is usually concerned.

With the investment objectives involving various aspects of product development, building and
design, financial feasibility, marketing, management and operations.

Tourism planning is important because it provides a common vision, direction and commitment
for tourism which are the result of participation of many representatives. The process of tourism
planning includes:

Assessing the possible impacts of development and the resource problems which will be faced.
Analyzing the competitive status of a destination and its ability to respond to changes in the travel
market.
 Providing a level of stability and predictability in the progress of the overall development of
tourism in a given area.

Many tourism destinations have an overall or general plan that includes all aspects of the
tourism development process. This is often referred to as the tourism master plan and sometimes called
the comprehensive master plan. A master plan for a destination will vary by project depending on the
type of destination being developed, its current level of development and the theory or style of planning
being used.

Elements of a master plan usually include economic development, human resources environmental
impacts and social and cultural impacts. Master plans are designed to cover a certain tie frame or period
such as a five-year plan or a ten-year plan.

Tourism Demand Analysis – analysis examines the existing and intended visitor markets for the
destination. It involves a market analysis that examines the likely tourist arrival and characteristics and
the travel patterns and trends of the markets. Demand analysis is essential in understanding the
competitiveness of the destination with other tourism destinations with similar attractions.

Tourism Supply Analysis – supply analysis examines the destination itself including its
attractions, accommodations, and facilities. The analysis should include transportation, infrastructure,
human resources and other factors which have a direct or significant impact on the quality of the visitors
experience. In the assessment of a new development for a previously undeveloped area, sire selection is
an important element and the analysis will examine various locations or sites for proposed hotels and
commercial buildings.

Tourism Impact Analysis – two of the most important itmpacts in a tourism plan are the
environmental impacts and the socio-cultural impacts of development. While tourism generally is
considered environmentally friendly, sustainable tourism development places a high priority on
preservation of the environment including land use, water quality, natural scenery and waste disposal.
An important goal of tourism planning should be to protect the natural setting and avoid exploitation of
the natural resources. Many analyses include a study of the carrying capacity of a destination which
defines the environmental and physical limits and ability of the destination to accommodate a given
level of visitors with the least destruction to the natural resources. Social-cultural impacts concern the
pressures and changes that tourism might bring tithe resident population in a particular destination.
Tourism can have both beneficial and harmful effects on local culture as a result of the use of culture as
a tourist attraction and the direct contact between residents and tourists.

Economic and Financial Analysis – for most destinations, economic development is the primary
reason for tourism development. Tourism is viewed as a source of visitor expenditures which will benefit
the local economy, creating spending and employment while increasing the standard of living of the
local population. However, the economic benefit for the public sector, the areas which are examined are
the type of visitors, the products and services that the visitors seek, the importation costs and supply of
goods required by visitors, the cost related to infrastructure development and maintaining an adequate
work force with the required skills and training for the industry. The economic effects of tourism include
changing work and consumption patterns, standards of living, and social roles ad practices. For the
private sectors, financial risk and profitability are the primary concerns including the sources of capital
forth planned project, extent of foreign ownership or control, wage rates for the local labour force and
availability of private sector funds for investment.

Action plan and recommendations – The action plan is the final product of the planning process
and will depend on the goals of the plan. It generally includes a summary and analysis of all of the date
used in the planning process and includes strategies, guidelines, recommendations and schedules for
development.
SYNTHESIS

The proponents believe that each and every literature and

studies stated in this research is similar on the present study.

The proponents relate and differentiate the research based on

the flow of their network analysis from the proposed study.

This study is conducted to determine the effectiveness of
educational tours of 3rd yr BS tourism students of the
University of Perpetual Help System DALTA - Las Piñas.
On the other side, it also aims to determine on which
area of improving the students’ character building,
enhancing knowledge, improving skills was tours and
conventions deemed most effective, determine the
problems that may have arisen during the tours and
convention by the respondents and to make appropriate
recommendations for the tours and conventions
program of the school.
Research paradigm
Process Output
Input
Conduct survey To know the
3rd yr BSTOURISM
and interview effectiveness of
Students
Tabulation of result educational tour.
Services
Interpretation of
Educational tour
results
Activities

requirements

Feedback Mechanism

Through focus group discussion and survey

Figure 2. Research Paradigm of the study adopted from the input Process Output

Model of Zwanoepel
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework

Dependent Variable

Tour Effectiveness
Requirements Assessment
Itinerary
Activities

This study recognizes the curriculum in Bachelor of Science in Hotel and

Restaurant Management of De LaSalle University-Dasmarinas. As seen in the figure 1.1

dependent variables consist of tour, programs, and activities. These are the variables

and factors on having effectiveness in educational tour.

Tour, means travel from a place to another destination. It is very important in the

effectiveness in educational tour of 3rd year students, because in here students have the

chance to see, feel and be knowledgeable about the different natural wonders and

cultural resources such as heritages, ethnic celebration, indigenous cultures, landmarks

and museums of different places.

Program is one of the highlights in the tour; example given on the list of program

will be the seminar and the most awaited of all, the Dyosa ng Palawan and the

intermission number of every class. It is important in the effectiveness of the educational

tour because in the hospitality industry, they help students build a high level of

confidence and elevate their talents for personal development.

Lastly are the activities which include theme parks, entertainment centres, zoos,

winery, rafting, surfing and museums. In the connection with the effectiveness in tour

exposure, students experienced this kind of tour to interact with other people and to
communicate with different types of person; this would serve as a training that we can

use for our future jobs.

Research Paradigm

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to find out Effectives of Educational tour of tourism students of

College of International Hospitality Management of University of Perpetual Help System

DALTA for the school year 2010-2011.

The researchers sought to shed light on the following statement of the problem:

1. Were the tour/convention requirement given on time?

2. Was the itinerary/program of the tour followed strictly and properly?

3. Did the activities held in the educational tour become helpful for the students to

learn from their tour.

4. Did the tour exposure become effective for the students?

Hypothesis

Significance of the study

For the students, graduates and faculty members, educational tours is an

important aspect of mankind and as well as an important educational tool in Tourism. It

is a component part of the teaching and hearing process. Educational tours packaged
for all the students, graduates and faculty members to expose them to adventures,

discoveries and experiences of tourist destinations.

Educational tours is a road map of what is happening in the real world. All are

taken out to various places of interest , especially places of historical importance and

educative value. Participating in these tours is an advantage to have for because of the

learning experience from every local area that students went to.

Scope and deLimitation

This study focuses on Effectives of Educational tour of tourism students of

College of International Hospitality Management of University of Perpetual Help System

DALTA. The students should know the responsibilities in the tour and learning that they

have to gain during the educational tour.

This study limited the respondents and students of UPHSD, taking up Tourism

who attended the educational tour in Ilocos.

This study recognizes the curriculum in Bachelor of Science in Tourism. As seen

in the figure 1.1 dependent variables consist of tour, programs and activities. These are

the variables and factors on having effectiveness in educational tour, defined tour,

program and activities and the advantages and disadvantages.

Definition of Terms
Tour- a journey for pleasure in which several different places are visited.

Program- a planned series of future events, items, or performances.

Activity- the condition in which things are happening or being done.

Advantage- a condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable or superior position.

Disadvantage- an unfavorable circumstance or condition that reduces the chances of

success or effectiveness.

seminar- a conference or other meeting for discussion or training.

Significance- the quality of being worthy of attention; importance.

 Appendices

Appendix A-Survey Questionnaire

Lasallian greetings of peace!

We the 3rd year students of Hotel and Restaurant Management currently taking up

Research Method with he Focus and conducting a Whatresearch entitled Effectiveness

of Educational Tour in Hotel and Restaurant Management in De La Salle University-

Dasmarinas would like to ask your cooperation in answering this questionnaire.

Please check the box that represents how you feel about the question below.
5-excellent 4-above average 3-average 2-below average 1-extremely poor

Questions

1.Were the papers/ document given on time?

2.Did the speaker in the seminar deliver and discuss the topic properly?

3. Did the tourist guides perform their job well?

4. Did you enjoy and learn from your Palawan Tour?

5. What is your over-all assessment to Hotel Centro?

6. What is your over-all evaluation in all mode of transportation used?

7. Was the itinerary followed very well from the start of assembly time to the end of the

tour?

8. Were you satisfied with the food served you from the start to the end of the tour?

9. What is your over-all evaluation to your Palawan tour?

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter contains all the methods and styles that the researchers used to be able to

further understand the flow and the tactics used in this study.

Research Design

The researchers used the descriptions research design to identify the effectiveness of

tour of the third year HRM students. Also the researchers identified the way the students gained

knowledge from the tour they had.

Populations and Sample

 This data and information in this study were obtained from the third year HRM students

of DLSU-Dasma. They were given a survey is about the perception of HRM students on the tour. It

helped the researchers to find out the students’ opinions about the tour they had in their batch.

Description and Respondents

Because the third year HRM has a large population, the researchers decided to use

random sampling technique under the probability sampling.

To determine the ideal sample size for a population , Slovin’s formula is used which is:

n= N/(1+(N*c*2)

Where:

n= number of samples

N= total population

c= margin of error

Sample Calculation:

The researchers want to find out the students opinions about the tour they had in their batch that has
an estimated entire population of 247.
40 regular students

3 irregular students in all

6 sections

40*6+7=247

With a 4.7% margin of error.

Given:

N=247

c= 4.7% =0.047

Required: n=?

Solution:

n= N/(I+(N*c*2)

n= 247/(I+247*047*2)

n=247/1.545623

n=159.81=160

Research Instrument

The researchers utilized the surveys along with websites, and articles as research instruments.

The survey’s contents were questions related to the said topic that were answered in a close
manner wherein the respondents were given five choices to answer the nine questions given; wherein:

5 Excellent

4 Above Average

3 Average
 2 Below Average

1 Extremely Poor

Validation of Data Instrument

Feb 27, 2014

Please be informed that you are one of the chosen expert validator of our study

It would also better help for the researcher if you can write your comments, suggestions and
recommendation that will help improve the above-mentioned questionnaire. We believed that your
valuable observation and experiences will help along the way in the improvement of knowledge in the
academe.

Thank you very much for your kind consideration and valuable contribution in this respect.

Sincerely yours,

Chuzdei V. Calderon

Prescilla Mae D. Nagusara

Data Gathering Procedure

In the data gathering procedure , the researchers gathered data from the primary information
and the secondary information.

In the primary data, the researchers gathered the data through surveying the 3rd yr HRM student of

DLSU-D

For the secondary data, the researchers gathered the data through books and internet. All the

secondary data gathered were all about the facts and information about the educational tour.

Statistical Treatment of Data

 The statistical treatment used in the data was descriptive statistics. The mean and frequency of

the gathered data were computed and interpreted. The data were presented in a tabulated form.

The researchers also computed some of the chosen data to get the average and percentage by

using the part/whole*100=n formula to be able to interpret and present the data in a simpler form.