What is Volcano ?

An opening in the Earth's crust from which lava, ash, and hot gases flow or are ejected during an eruption.
A usually cone-shaped mountain formed by the materials issuing from such an opening. Volcanoes are
usually associated with plate boundaries but can also
occur within the interior areas of a tectonic plate.

Mount Binuluan (also known as Ambalatungan) is a

remote volcano in the Kalinga province of the Cordillera
Administrative Region of the Philippines. The 2,329-
metre-high (7,641 ft) mountain is part of the Cordillera
Central mountain range on Luzon island, the largest
island in the country. Binuluan exhibits active
volcanism through
numerous fumarole fields, solfataras and hot springs on
its slope. There were reports of possible eruptions in
1952 and 1986 (or 1987), but they are unverified.

Babuyan Claro Volcano, also known as Mount Pangasun, is

a potentially active volcano located on Babuyan Island, the
northernmost of the Babuyan group of islands in Luzon Strait,
north of the main island of Luzon in the Philippines. It is
classified as one of the active volcanoes of the country with the
last confirmed eruption in 1860.[2]
The volcano is politically located in the similarly-
named Barangay of Babuyan Claro, in the Municipality of
Calayan, Cagayan province, in the Cagayan
Valley Region (Region II) of the country.

Mount Banahaw (alternative

spelling: Banahao or Banájao) is a potentially active
volcano on Luzon in the Philippines. The three-
peaked volcano complex is located between
the provinces of Laguna and Quezon and is the tallest
mountain in the CALABARZON region dominating
the landscape for miles around

Smith Volcano, also known as Mount Babuyan, is

a cinder cone on Babuyan Island, the northernmost of
the Babuyan group of islands on Luzon Strait, north of the
main island of Luzon in the Philippines. The mountain is
one of the active volcanoes in the Philippines, which last
erupted in 1924.
The volcano is politically located in the Municipality of
Calayan, Cagayan province, the town that has jurisdiction
over the Babuyan Islands except Fuga Island.
The Mayon Volcano, also known as Mount Mayon, is an
active volcano in the province of Albay, on Luzon island in the
Philippines. It is a part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. It is one the
most active and dangerous volcanoes in the Philippines.

Apo volcano is the highest mountain in the Philippines, and

its name means "Master" or "Grandfather". There are no
known historic eruptions, but the volcano is considered still
active.

Balatukan (also known as Balingoan or Balatocan) is a

massive compound stratovolcano on the SW shore of
Gingoog Bay, 15 km SW of Gingoog city in north-central
Mindanao

Kalatungan volcano (also known as Catatungan), is the second highest

volcano in the Philippines and located 47 km east of Lake Lana on
Mindanao Island.
The dominantly basaltic volcano forms a broad E-W trending ridge.
The age of its last activity is unknown.

Makaturing is a stratovolcano at the shore of Illana Bay located about 40

km South of Marawi city, in central Mindanao, Philippines.
It is part of the Central Mindanao Arc.

Matutum is a symmetrical stratovolcano located in southern

Mindanao, NW of Sarangani Bay and 30 km NNW of General
Santos City.
What are the three main volcanoes?

There are three main types of volcano - composite or strato, shield and dome.

Composite Volcanoes

Composite volcanoes, sometimes known as strato volcanoes, are steep sided cones
formed from layers of ash and [lava] flows. The eruptions from these volcanoes may be
a pyroclastic flow rather than a flow of lava. A pyroclastic flow is a superheated mixture
of hot steam, ash, rock and dust. A pyroclastic flow can travel down the side of a
volcano at very high speeds with temperatures over 400 degrees celsius. Composite
volcanoes can rise over 8000 feet.

A simple cross section through a composite volcano

When composite volcanoes erupt they are explosive

and pose a threat to nearby life and
property. Eruptions are explosive due to the
thick, highly viscous lava that is produced by
composite cone volcanoes. This viscous lava
has a lot to do with why they are shaped the
way they are. The thick lava cannot travel far
down the slope of the volcano before it cools.

Composite volcanoes are usually found at

destructive plate margins. Examples of composite volcanoes include Mount Fuji
(Japan), Mount St Helens (USA) and Mount Pinatubo (Philippines).

zShield Volcanoes

Shield volcanoes are low with gently sloping sides and

are formed from layers of lava. Eruptions are typically
non-explosive. Shield volcanoes produce fast flowing
fluid [lava] that can flow for many miles. Eruptions tend
to be frequent but relatively gentle. Although these
eruptions destroy property, death or injury to humans
rarely occurs

Dome (Acid Lava

Cones)

Acid [lava] is much thicker than [lava] which flows from

shield volcanoes. Dome volcanoes have much steeper sides
than shield volcanoes. This is because the lava is thick and
sticky. It cannot flow very far before ot cools and hardens.
An example is Puy de Dome in the Auvergne region of
France which last erupted over 1 million years ago.