KARUNYA SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES

LABORATORY MANUAL

11ME102- COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

CREDIT 0:0:2

Name Signature
Prepared by G.GANESAN
Asso. Professor
Dr. M. Sekar, H.O.D
Approved by Dr. T.V.Christy
Director, KSMS

KARUNYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND

SCIENCES
(Deemed University)
KARUNYA NAGAR, COIMBATORE 641114

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Sl. Title of the Experiment Page

No. No.
1 Drawing Aids: Snap, Grid and Limits 1

2 Drawing aid : Osnap 2

3 Modifying Commands 3

4 Methods of Drawing Lines 4

5 Methods of Drawing Circles 5

6 Methods of Drawing Arcs 6

7 Application of Arcs 7

8 Rectangular and Polar Array 8

9 Application of Polar Array Command 9

10 Dimensioning and layers 10

11 Isometric View of Box , Mixer base and stepped shaft 11

12 Wblock 12

13 DEMO : Building Construction Drawing 13

14 References 14

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11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 1 DRAWING AIDS: SNAP, GRID AND LIMITS

Aim: To learn to set the limits, grid spacing, snap spacing, and use line rectangle, text and plot
commands and use them to complete the given geometry.

Software Used: AutoCAD 2007.

Commands used: drawing limits, Snap, Grid, Limits and their dialogue boxes , line, rectangle,
zoom all, text, and plot

Procedure: Select Acadiso.dwt from Startup dialogue box. Select Format from menu and select
drawing limits and select default(0,0) for lower left corner and enter 210,300 for upper right
corner. Select Tools from menu and select drafting setting. Deselect equal X and Y spacing and
select snap and set the values as 10,15 for X and Y spacings. Also select grid on and set the
values as 10,15 for X and Y spacing. Select zoom all icon from standard tool bars zoom icons.
Use scroll button of the mouse to center the drawing in the working area. Select rectangle icon
and specify first corner as the lower left corner grid point and select top right corner for upper
corner. Similarly draw another rectangle as shown using grid points. Select snap settings from
bottom of the graphics area and deselect object snap and object snap tracking on. Select line
command icon and make ortho on using F8 key. Select the suitable grid point as start point and
end point to complete vertical lines. Repeat the procedure for horizontal lines. Make snap to off
mode and use ‘zoom window’ to zoom the area to write title block. Select text command to write
name, register no. and exercise number. Select plot command from file menu and select the
printer , center plot and select window from what to plot. Select the drawing using a suitable
window. Preview and select ‘o.k’ to print.

Result: The given drawing is completed using the above procedure. Drawing is printed using
suitable plot command.

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11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 2 Drawing Aid: Osnap

Aim: To learn to set object snap(osnap) options in geometry creation and complete the given
geometry.

Software Used: AutoCAD 2007.

Commands used: drawing limits, Snap, Grid, Limits, osnap, divide, point style, line, rectangle,
zoom all, text, and plot.

Procedure: Set the limits as 0,0 and 300,210 using drawing limits from format menu. Set snap
and grid settings to 10 for X and Y spacings using drafting settings from Tools menu. From
zoom options select ‘zoom all’ and fit the grid points within the working area using scroll button
of the mouse. Draw two rectangles using grid points as given in the lab.sheet. From snap settings
deselect ‘snap on’ and ‘grid on’ and select ‘object snap on’ and ‘object snap tracking on’ from
Object snap. Select clear all and select endpoint from object snap dialogue box. Draw two
diagonal lines using endpoint option in the inner rectangle. Deselect endpoint option from osnap
settings and select intersection. Draw a circle of radius 60 by selecting intersection point of the
two lines as center. Deselect intersection and select endpoint and quadrant options from object
snap settings. Draw lines numbered 1 to 8 with the help of endpoint and quadrant osnap options.
Select midpoint and perpendicular options and draw lines numbered 9,10,11, and 12. Select
tangent option from osnap settings and draw the two circles choosing 3P option. Draw lines
numbered 13,14,15, and 16 using midpoint and parallel osnap options. Select point style as circle
from Format menu and type divide in command line and enter. Type 4 for number of segments.
Using midpoint and node osnap options draw the rest of the lines.

Result: The given drawing is completed using the above procedure. Drawing is printed using
suitable plot command.

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11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 3 Modifying Commands

Aim: To learn to use modifying commands in geometry creation and complete the given
geometry.

Software Used: AutoCAD 2007.

Commands used: drawing limits, Snap, Grid, Limits, Osnap, divide, line, rectangle, zoom all,
erase, offset, copy, mirror, fillet, chamfer, trim, lengthen, break, explode, pedit and plot.

Procedure: Set the limits as 0,0 and 300,210 using drawing limits from format menu. Set snap on , grid
on and ‘zoom all’ option to get the grids to the specified limits. Draw outermost rectangle using rectangle
command. Set snap off. Set offset distance 10 by selecting offset command and draw the inner rectangle
by selecting the outer rectangle as object and selecting inside the rectangle to specify side. Use offset
value 20 to draw the third rectangle. Draw lines ,using mid point option from osnap settings, on opposite
sides of the third rectangle. Offset the lines by 10 on either side of the lines. Draw a circle of radius 40 at
the intersection point of the two lines drawn from mid points and radius 15 at the top right corner of the
innermost rectangle. Use copy command to copy the 15 radius circle to the remaining corners of the
innermost rectangle using suitable base point from osnap options. Use trim command to trim the
unwanted portion of the lines and circles to get as shown in figure below. Use fillet radius 10 and chamfer
distance as 10 to create chamfer and fillet at the corners of the geometry given. Use explode command to
separate the poly line to its individual entities. Type pedit at command line and enter and select polyline
option as ‘Yes’ and select line or arc and select the option ‘join’ and select the adjacent lines and arcs in
the first quadrant to form a single loop and enter once all the lines and arcs are selected in the loop. Verify
the single loop by touching on the loop by the cursor to its correctness. Set the offset value to 5 and offset
single loop inside the first quadrant to get three closed loops. Use mirror command to get the two inner
loops mirrored about ‘y’ axis mirror line and get the geometry completed by using ‘x’ axis mirror line and
selecting four inner loops..

Result: The given drawing is completed using the above procedure. Drawing is printed using
suitable plot command.

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11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 4 METHODS OF DRAWING LINES

Aim: To learn the various methods of drawing lines; using absolute coordinate system, relative
rectangular coordinate system, polar coordinate system and direct distance entry method.

Software Used: AutoCAD 2007.

Commands used: Snap, Grid and Limits and their dialogue boxes and line.

Procedure: Using the absolute coordinate system, lines are drawn by specifying the coordinate
points (x,y) and given ‘star’ figure is completed. Using the relative rectangular coordinate system
(@ ∆x, ∆y), lines are drawn by specifying the coordinate points as given to complete the given
V-Block 1. Using the relative polar coordinate system (@distance< angle) lines are drawn by
specifying the coordinate points as given to complete the given Nozzle. Using the direct distance
entry method, lines are drawn by keeping the cursor in the direction of the line to be drawn and
typing the required distance in the command prompt area , the given V-block 2 is completed

Result: The given geometries are completed following the given procedure. The drawing is
plotted after inserting Name, Roll number and Section..

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11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 5 METHODS OF DRAWING CIRCLES

Aim: To learn the various methods of drawing Circles; using centre and radius , centre and
diameter , 2points(2p), 3points(3p), tangent tangent radius(ttr) and tan tan tan methods.

Software Used: AutoCAD 2007.

Commands used: Snap, Grid and Limits, Osnap and their dialogue boxes , Line and
Circle.

Procedure: Suitable Snap, Grid and Limits are used to assist the drawing. Ex5.1 is done using
line and circle command (ttr- Method). Ex 5.2 is completed using line command to complete the
equilateral triangle, use of polar tracking angle 30 is set, drawing of circles of 10 are done
using circle(diameter) option and circle R10 is drawn using circle(radius) option. Circle
enclosing the equilateral triangle is drawn using 3Points option. Ex 5.3 is completed using
suitable circle commands , line commands and making use of Snap spacing 10.

Result: The given geometries are completed following the given procedure. The drawing is
plotted after inserting Name, Roll number and Section..

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Prepared by Prof. G.Ganesan, KSMS.
11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 6 METHODS OF DRAWING ARCS

Aim: To learn the various methods of drawing Arcs.

Software Used: AutoCAD 2007.

Commands used: Snap, Grid and Limits, Osnap and their dialogue boxes , Line and
Arc. Suitable Osnap options(mid point and end point) are selected.

Procedure: Draw lines as per the dimensions given and captions as shown in lab sheet 1 without
dimensioning. Go to menu and arc options to complete the various arcs as shown in the lab.
sheet 2. Get the help from instructor to complete the ‘continue’ method of arc.

Result: The given geometries are completed following the given procedure. The drawing is
plotted after inserting dimension Name, Roll number and Section..

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11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 7 APPLICATION OF ARCS

Aim: To apply the various methods of drawing Arcs to construct pawl, calipers and fan blade.
To apply the commands of offset, mirror, break and trim.

Software Used: AutoCAD 2007.

Commands used: Snap, Grid and Limits, Osnap and their dialogue boxes , Line and
Arc. Suitable Osnap options(mid point and end point) are selected.

Procedure:
1. Pawl . Pawl is constructed using circle, arc subtending 180 with radius 15 and arcs using
Start, End and Radius options. A line of length 65 can be drawn to facilitate drawing arcs.
2. Fan Blade. Fan blade is drawn using circle, Centre, Start and Radius method arcs, line with
continue option and using fillet command. A line of length 80 and 20 are drawn to facilitate
drawing arcs.
3. Caliper. Caliper is drawn using arc methods, mirror and trim commands. Lines of length
100 and 10 are drawn to facilitate drawing arcs and to use mirror commands.

Result: Pawl. Caliper, fan blade are drawn as per the dimensions. The drawing is plotted after
inserting Name, Roll number and Section.

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Prepared by Prof. G.Ganesan, KSMS.
11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 8 RECTANGULAR AND POLAR ARRAY

Aim: To learn how to apply rectangular and polar array commands.

Software Used: AutoCAD 2007.

Commands used: Snap, Grid and Limits, Osnap and their dialogue boxes , Rectangle,
Cicle, Copy(multiple), Trim, Rectangular Array, Copy, Polygon, Polar
array and Suitable Osnap Options

Procedure:
1. Sheet Metal Nesting. Element of the sheet metal nesting is drawn in a rectangle and using
pedit command element is converted into a single object. Rectangular Array dialogue box is
filled entering the distance between the rows and columns and number of rows and columns
to complete the given drawing. Using area command option wastage of material is found.
2. Bolted Flange One element of the bolted flange is drawn, using polygon command, after
drawing the two circles. Array dialogue box is filled selecting polar option, entering center
of the polar array, selecting the objects and entering number of objects and angle subtended.

Result: Sheet Metal Nesting and Bolted Flange drawings are drawn as per the
Dimensions. Rectangular and Polar array dialogue boxes are used

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11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 9 APPLICATION OF POLAR ARRAY COMMAND

Aim: To apply polar array command in generating hand-wheel and gear parts drawing.

Software Used: AutoCAD 2007.

Commands used: Suitable Snap, Grid, Limits and Osnap settings.

Circle, offset, trim, fillet, Polar array , arc line, mirror.

Procedure:
Elements of the gear and hand wheel are obtained using suitable draw and edit
commands and polar array command dialogue box is used to complete the entire 2D
geometry of hand-wheel and gear drawings.

Result: Hand-wheel and gear parts drawings completed as per the dimensions given and printed
in the given format.
.

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11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 10 DIMENSIONING and LAYER

Aim: To learn and apply different types of dimensioning and learn to use layer commands

Software Used: AutoCAD 2007.

Commands used: Suitable Snap, Grid, Limits and Osnap settings. Linear Dimension, Aligned
Dimension, Radius Dimension, Diameter Dimension , Chain Dimension, Base line Dimension,
Ordinate Dimension, Quick Leader and Dimension Text Editor.
.
Procedure:
Punched sheet metal drawing is completed as per the dimensions. Dimensions are
completed as given in the drawing. Spacing between the dimensions are controlled using
‘dimension text editor’ command. Using layer command create new layers with names
like, ‘geometry’, ‘dimensioning’, text etc. and assign the geometry to ‘geometry’ layer
and similarly dimensioning and text to ‘dimension’ and ‘text’ layers. View the geometry
by selecting dimension and text layers in ‘off’ mode. Take a print of geometry alone as
shown.

Result:
The given punched sheet metal part is dimensioned using the dimensions types indicated.

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11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 11 ISOMETRIC VIEW OF BOX , MIXER BASE and STEPPED SHAFT
Aim: To construct isometric view of a box , a mixer base and stepped shaft .
Software Used: AutoCAD 2007.
Commands used: Suitable Isometric Snap, Grid, Limits and Osnap settings.
line, trim, isocircle.
Procedure:
Box: Having applied the suitable isometric snap, grid, limits and osnap settings, the base
and cover of the box is constructed using line and trim commands. Isocircle, copy and
trim commands are used to construct the circular portion of the box.

Mixer Base: Having applied the suitable isometric snap, grid, limits and osnap settings,
the enclosing volume of base of the mixer box is constructed. Identifying the edges and
corners of the base in the enclosing volume the base of the mixer is constructed. Similar
procedure is followed in constructing cylindrical portion in the mixer with the help of
isocircle , copy and trim commands.

STEPPED SHAFT: Draw axis lines of lengths 20,100 and 20. Draw a circle of radius 30
using iso-circle option of ellipse command from one end of 20mm length axis line.
Similarly another circle from other end of 20 length axis line. Repeat this procedure on
the axis line end points of another 20mm length. Draw another circle of radius 10 from
one end of 100mm length axis line and another circle of same radius from the other end
using iso-circle option. Join the circles by lines using tangent option. Trim the lines and
circles to get the given stepped shaft.

Result: the box , mixer base and stepped shaft are drawn as per the dimension using
isosnap, isocircle and other suitable commands and settings. Drawings are printed after
including the title block.

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11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

Ex. No. 12 WBLOCK

Aim: To learn and make use of wblock command.

Software Used: AutoCAD 2007

Commands used: Suitable Snap, Grid, Limits and Osnap settings. wblock command and
write block dialogue box..
.
Procedure:
Create write block for the components of the logic circuit given. The components file
name, saving location, and units can be chosen from the dialogue box. Choose ‘Delete
from drawing’ option and insert suitable base point on the component. Use ‘insert’
command to insert the logic circuit components and complete the given drawing.

Result: The given logic circuit is completed as per the procedure and completed logic
circuit is printed with title block.

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 11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

DEMO: BUILDING CONSTRUCTION DRAWING

PARAPET 200mm THICK

WEATHERING COURSE
75 mm THICK

ROOF SLAB (R.C.C. 1:2:4)

BRICKWORK 200mm THICK

C..M. 1:5
SUNSHADE WITH LINTEL
(R.C.C 1:2:4)

FLOORING IN CEMENT
CONCRETE 1:4:8 (120mm)

BRICKWORK IN BASEMENT
200 MM THICK

SECOND FOOTING
400 mm THICK

FIRST FOOTING

FRONT VIEW 500 MM THICK

CEMENT CONCRETE 1:4:8

A
SECTION ON A-A
W
D-FLUSH DOOR -1000 X 2000
W- WINDOW PANELLED - 1200 X 1200
AND IRON BARED

BRICKWORK IN FOUNDATION AND

W W BASEMENT IN C.M. 1:5

STEPS RISE = 150 TREAD = 250

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN mm

D

Name:
R.No. Sec.
A BUILDING DRAWING
KITS
TOP VIEW ALL DIMENSIONS
ARE IN mm.
Date:
SCALE 1:60

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11ME102-COMPUTER AIDED GRAPHICS

REFRENCES:

1. Engineering Drawing, K.V. Natarajan, 1997.

2. AutoCAD 2007 with Application, Sham Tickoo, dreamTech Press, 2007.
3. Computer Graphics Lecture Notes, G.Ganesan, Asso. Prof., Karunya University, 2011

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