Factors of Student’s Decision Making and Strand Enrolled of Grade 11

STEM students in year 2019-2020

A Research Paper Presented to

Mr. Eric Palmerola, a Practical Research Instructor
of Davao Doctors College Incorporated
Gen. Malvar St., Davao City

In Partial Fulfilment of
The Requirements in Practical Research
Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics

Members:

Gascon, Jeianne
Juario, Christian Larr
Loquire, Criscebel
Luardo, Mae
Madora, Mary
Reyes, Christine

October 2019

CHAPTER 1
 The Problem and Its Background

Introduction

It is an important thing on which track the students should choose,

choosing and deciding has consequences. The findings of your choice can either
help or seriously affect the future. There are a number of possibilities to weigh
when deciding. Graduating high school learners may not have a strong choice as
to where to go to college and what degree they might be able to pass. They plan
to join high school without having a definite concept of what path they want to
choose.

They may have recognize sometimes in their setting, the individuals and
the data they have obtained. Everyone has to create decisions in their lives at
different stages. Some of the most important ones apply to their education,
especially what combination of topics they choose to take for higher-level study.
Deciding a track is difficult in the perspective of a student. As per the researchers'
observations, there are many students that chose STEM as their track. In Davao
Doctors College, we all know that there are a lot of STEM students and it is
currently increasing every year. STEM outweighs other strand in terms in number
of population.

In the year 2018, in America 9 out of the 10 fastest growing occupations

that require at least a bachelor’s degree will depend on significant math or
science training, and many science and engineering occupations are predicted to
grow faster than the average rate for all occupations (Lacey & Wright, 2009;
National Science Board, 2010).

In the Philippines, According to a study conducted by Tullao and Rivera

(2009), it suggests that the factors affecting enrollment rate in basic education
can be divided into "supply and demand" factors. Supply factors include the
capability of the government to cater pupils and students, the number of
teachers, school facilities, number of books, school supplies and other
educational inputs (Tullao & Rivera, 2009). The Department of Education
(DepEd) Davao official cited to expanding number of students as a factor in lack
of classroom. DepEd Davao representative Jenielito Atillo said in a telephone
meet with SunStar Davao Monday that despite including more classroom, the
developing student’s population keeps on being a problem. Late enrollees, as
well, have turned into an incredible concern.

The research is conducted in Davao Doctors College, Inc. located in

General Malvar St, Poblacion District, Davao City. This school is where a lot of
STEM students are located. The importance of knowing the factors affecting the
decision making of the students in choosing their preferred track is that it is
needed to help the students view the different approach of the decision they need
to make. The students need to understand the factors that is associated with their
approach. Choosing their track will determine their study. It is to balance the
negative and positive effects of the students, choosing their preferred track.

In the process of choosing their track, the students will be able to weigh
the strengths and weaknesses of their decisions. The addition of two years in
secondary education, known as Senior High School (SHS), is a significant shift
brought about by the K-12 curriculum. The 4-year secondary curriculum will now
be renamed Junior High School (JHS) from grade 7 to grade 10 and Senior High
School from grade 11 to grade 12. The newly implemented curriculum provides
the highlights of the different tracks namely; academic Technical-Vocational-
Livelihood, Sports and Arts areas of opportunity specialization. The tracks
selected rely on the choice, interest and abilities of the learners. It will also
determine the topics that the student will take during his / her Senior High School.

The factors that affect the student's choice of track are: one’s social class,
level of intelligence and experiences. In the study of Siguan Jr., (1994) as cited
by Sonsona (2013) self-concept was also discovered to be important in selecting
students ' specialization. There are also environmental factors, these are about
the social influence such as family, friends, community values, mentors and
economic environment. This study aims to identify different factors that may
influence in the increase of Grade 11 STEM enrollees in the school year 2019-
2020. The outcome will serve as indicators of enrolment growth that can help the
school in marketing its course.
Statement of the Problem

This study aims to identify the different factors in the increase of Grade 11
STEM enrollees of Davao Doctors College in school year 2019-2020 to indicate
the enrolment growth that can help the school in marketing its course. Thus, the
study aims to answer the following question:

Specifically this study aims to answer the following question:

1.) What is the level of increase to the enrollment of Grade 11 stem

enrollees?

2. What are the factors that may lead the students to choose STEM as
their preferred track?

3.) In what way can the Grade 11 STEM enrollees be influenced to enroll
in Davao Doctors College?

Null Hypothesis

There is no connection between the factors that influence students'

decision making in choosing their track towards the population growth of grade 11
STEM students in school year 2019-2020.

Scope and Delimitation

The student's social class, level of intelligence and their experiences are the
main factors used in the research. It acts as the main factors in the research
because it evaluates why learners choose STEM strand as their prior learning
field. Environmental factors is the minor variables that will also help in
determining the solution for the research problem. Only 10 sections of STEM
students are chosen to engage in the said research from 20 sections of Davao
Doctors College. Davao Doctors College was chosen to be the participating
school for the research because STEM strand students dominate over other
strands. The research deals with the variable affecting the increase in the amount
of enrolled Grade 11 STEM strands in school year 2019-2020. This research
involves other sections and is aimed only to Grade 11 STEM students. STEM
strand is selected as the study's primary focus for STEM students.

The goal is to finish the said study before the month of October in this
current year. It is important to finish the study as soon as possible for it is
beneficial to know the increase in the number of Grade 11-STEM students in the
school year 2019-2020.

Significance of the Study

The result of this study would help the following beneficiaries:

Students. This research will help them choose in accordance with the strands of
their choosing offered by the K-12 program, followed by their given information
that supports the factors and benefits these strands have to offer. Also, as
the future senior high school students, the results of this research would affect
and encourage them in the future to formulate and act on their plans.

Teachers. This research will help the teachers may able to improve their skills in
teaching STEM students. And will also enhance their teaching experience and
their skills in teaching students under their respective fields and subjects.

DDC Administration. This research will help improve the excellent quality
education they offered to the students in line with the K-12 program as well as
upgrading their systems and facilities to achieve its mission, vision and goals.

DepEd. This study helped the DepEd Officials identify some strategies and
improvements that will be a great tool and help to academic institutions as well as
the students in the STEM strand.
Future Researchers. This research will serve and can be used as references to
aid the future researchers in conducting their study. Also, this research will
encourage them to be innovative in carrying out programs that benefit both
teachers and students, particularly in senior high school
 CHAPTER 2
Review of Related Literature and Review of Related Studies

This chapter offers the associated literature and studies after the thorough
and in depth search completed with the aid of the researchers. This will also
current the theoretical and conceptual framework to fully understand the research
to be done. It introduces the framework for the case study that comprises the
main focus of the research described in this study.

Related Literature
This chapter introduces the literature suitable to this study's concept. It
also analyses some internet studies and materials to provide the necessary
background and information for this study to be accomplished.

There are several factors that impact the students from Senior High
School with their Decision Making in regards with their preferred strand. One of
many significant decisions that students will make in determining future plans is
by choice of career. They will be imparted throughout their life by this choice. The
essence of who the student is will revolve around what the student want to do
with their life- long work. How students saw themselves in a position in which
personality is a determining variable, can affect a strand they have selected.
Some course requires you to have the personality to suit the characteristics of
your chosen strand. The personality of a student must be self-motivated type in
order to explore the opportunities of courses in their life from the beginning and
not the procrastinating type that awaits them until they are forced to decide.

The researchers discovered this decision to be accurate as most young

people today faces lack of self-esteem when it gets to being encouraged to do
well in school. Some students make it difficult to handle examinations without
understanding the lecture, that's why some young individuals are discouraged
from continuing their college path because of their high school experience. There
are factors that affects the decision making of the students towards choosing their
preferred strand. The factors that affect the student's choice of track are: one’s
social class, level of intelligence and experiences. In the study of Siguan Jr.,
(1994) as cited by Sonsona (2013) self-concept was also discovered to be
important in selecting student's specialization. The sub variable of this study is
the environmental factors, this factor focuses on social influence such as family,
friends, community values, mentors and economic environment.

Social Class
According to Eremie (2014), in student's choices to follow a post-
secondary track, socio-economic context was important. Local communities and
organizational factors usually has negatively affected student's strand choices.
Gubalane (2016) a previous professor, said there are two main factors in
selecting a Senior High School strand. Availability — because not all paths are
provided by colleges in your area, College Plans — is the pupil going to go to
university after Senior High or what class is the pupil going to go to university.
These two factors have a major impact on selecting a student's Senior High
School strand. Gubalane based the student's preference on these factors.

Socioeconomic status or Social Class is a factor that affects the decision

making, search and choice stage of college decision. Increased tuition, room and
board costs and distance from home; the choice for college became less
appealing for students. However, for students with low income rates and who
have low ability, these impacts are considerably greater. These impacts at greater
levels of college income and ability. Most parents is able to make their children
finishes secondary stage and college schooling with a sizeable number of
amount. The facts exhibit that parents possess appropriate standing in phrases of
educational attainment and they supply high regards in the education of their
children. Most guardian earn their income from a well-compensated business or
occupation. This shows that income of the parents can provide or supply the
needs of a child and has nothing to worry about choosing their preferred track
and taking their preferred track, as they can guarantee their full support.

Educational ambition refers to a student's engagement of knowledge,

talents, and abilities. Family, in general, are considered the most important in
shaping aspirations because they provide their children with opportunities
encouragement and support. They have perseverance in pursuing their studies
for students who have aspirations and expectations for their future. Majority of the
parents who can afford to educate their children in private schools are those
capable to sustain in paying high tuition and other miscellaneous fees, projects,
assignments and co-curricular activities. The nature of student life in public
school is different from private due to the different levels of economic status
which may somehow influence the attitude and behaviour of the students towards
on how they look at the environment based on their social orientation within their
sphere.

It identified reasons for choosing career as to parents’ educational

attainment. Most students are influenced by careers that their parents favor,
others follow the careers that their educational choices have opened for them,
some choose to follow their passion regardless of how much or little it will make
them while others choose the careers that give high income. It can be inferred
that parents are successful in sending their children in colleges, for as the
students successfully chose their desired track.

Experience

Without question the global competitiveness within science, technology,

engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields is an issue of national importance. A
decision to pursue a STEM major is a long process that builds during secondary
education and carries into Senior High School. Treating secondary and senior
high education effects in isolation would severely limit the ability to fully make
sense of this phenomenon. Students to be able to think about their career plans
they must have a foundation of career awareness and experience. These
experience can help them realize what is required of them when interested in a
certain career and help them from realistic career plans.

According to Wang (2013), understanding the entrance into science,

technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM). Results suggest that choosing
this certain strand, STEM major is influenced by intent to major in STEM, high
school math achievement and initial postsecondary experiences such as
academic interaction and financial aid receipt. A student that is exposed to math
courses and math self-efficacy beliefs. It has been establish that college maors
create differential opportunities for social mobility and college graduates from
STEM fields attain higher occupational earnings and social status positions
associated with this sense.

Level of intelligence

According to Braza (2015), Career is defined as the series of events that

represent a life, the series of career activities and other life roles that when put
together express a person’s dedication to work for his or her overall pattern of
self-development. Career choices are determined by mental and physical
abilities, personal characteristics and the opportunities to which persons are
exposed. Career guidance and maturity is manifested in the successful
accomplishment of age and stage development task across the life span.

Senior High School (SHS) is specialized upper secondary education,

students may choose a specialization based on interest and school capacity. The
choice of career track will define the content of the subject a student will take in
Grade 11 and 12. Students are making decisions that greatly affect their future
educational and career paths. The influences in choosing a course can affect
one’s career life.

Environmental Factor
Throughout a career, an individual seeks to accommodate the
environment with his or her own goals while understanding fully the environment
at the same time. The environment plays an important role, the students achieve
the environment that is spoken about here in many ways, is a factor that is meant
to develop career choice decisions.
 They emphasized that good decision-making was based on proper
information and effective choices strategies. Students can help to decide with
reality, communication, learning freely or being independent or making your
decision without hindrances is a fundamental building block used in effective
career planning. Students need to know what they want and concentrate instead
on meeting the expectations of others. A course can have a lot to say about job
seekers ' job prospects, it is important for incoming students to take some time to
evaluate options. A path can have a major impact on your future which plays a
major role in what you are going to become, that’s why it's important to consider a
variety of options as a graduating high school student that will affect your choices
about which course to take in college. The academic experience is a work
experience acquired in the respondent's academic environment. Educational
experience applies to the problem of the student's academic knowledge and the
overall grade average.

The advice of others refers to the people around the students. These are
the advice of every people around among students. There may be a good advice
students can get, and there may also be a bad advice. Advice from others is one
of the reasons that students may choose to base their decision on advice from
others that includes counsellors, family, and some seek advice from students.
This factor can either mark and may change the perspective of a learner. The
influence of friends / peer refers to the influence provided to the students by
friends or peers. This aspect influences the decision of students to choose a
strand as it is important to feel welcomed in a group as a teenager. When a
student refers all his / her decision to his / her peer or family, there are different
effects. Often your decision can be influenced by friends or peers, such as if most
of your friends choose a course related to business, You want to belong to a
group will affect your decision and tend to end up taking a degree where they as
a friend or peer wants.
To sum up, this chapter provide the overview related literature after the
detailed search done by the researchers. The study focuses on the factors that
affect the Grade 11 to choose STEM strand and the number of enrolees. There
are factors on choosing STEM strand, the environmental factors. Furthermore in
order to succeed in this strand it requires understanding.

Related Studies

According to Steyn and De Villiers (2011) Factors affecting the enrolment

rate of students in Higher Education Institutions in the Gauteng province, South
Africa. In South Africa, research has revealed that since 1994 the number of
students enrolled in higher education institutions has improved tremendously.
Higher education and training consist of certificates and diplomas and
undergraduate and postgraduate degrees up to the level of doctoral degrees.
South Africa has a vibrant higher education sector, with more than a million
students enrolled in the country’s 24 state-funded tertiary institutions. Of those
institutions, 11 are traditional universities, five are universities of technology, and
six are comprehensive institutions

Some of the students may not be able to enrol in such schools because of
the lack of slots and rooms in their chosen tracks, believe that there are multiple
factors that contribute to enrolment growth and decline at a school. One of the
most important factors in school growth is the overall quality of the experience.
Parents are investing significant resources to provide the very best education for
their child and because of this, they expect the best. A high quality experience
must be integrated throughout your school in order to grow your enrolment. There
are at least two primary results that affect enrolment. First, satisfied parents will
lead to strong retention. A strong retention rate obviously leads to increased
enrolment. Secondly, satisfied parents will tell their friends about your school.
This is positive word-of-mouth working in your favour. You won’t be able to grow
your school without parent satisfaction and positive word-of-mouth.

In addition by Kuenzi (2008) Science, Technology, Engineering, and

Mathematics (STEM) Education: Background, Federal Policy, and Legislative
Action. As respect to essential purposes behind enthusiasm for STEM profession,
self-motivation was the most significant explanation behind enthusiasm for STEM
vocation for American students while salary of occupation was the one for Turkish
students. By stimulating requirements for STEM fields, this study will help
increase the awareness of the gap between development in graduates and
STEM-related opening. Scholarly establishments will possibly utilize findings of
this examination to change their enrolment strategies, with the aim of improving
enrolment for STEM area. Most innovations that enhance the quality of life come
from contribution of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM)
related fields

According to Chen and Soldner (2013)STEM attrition: college students'

paths into and out of STEM fields: statistical analysis report.The number of
student with interest for STEM remains significantly low. This appears to defy
logic, given that the absolute most basic concern students express before settling
on a major is chances of getting a new line of work with a degree in a given field.
Past experience additionally demonstrates that the more marketable a given to
specialty/field is, the higher the enrolment in the significant projects. Nursing and
Business are prime models. STEM programs, in any case, are an oddity in such
manner. Most of the students who try out STEM-related majors don't graduate
with a STEM degree. Moreover, in view of a multi-year investigation of
understudy meetings and enrolment patterns.

There are some students who prefer the quality of private education now
but chooses public school. All of this is because of the factors that leads in
persuading the students and its parents in choosing a particular school and
universities. Knowing this factors such as experiences, level of intelligence and
many more will serve as the helping guide why most of the students are having
the best education, because they already filter the schools in their choice with the
use of this factors.

Theoretical Framework

According to Gottfredson’s theory, Self-concept is the core to specialized

choice according to this theory. Students prefer to choose what their character is
consistent with. According to the theory, the main determinants are one's social
class, level of intelligence and experience. Sonsona (2013) Self-concept was also
discovered to be important in the selection of student's choice. Another is the
career choice theory proposed by Holland that individuals can function and grow
better and discover workplace fulfilment that is consistent with their
characteristics. People strive to select a profession that reflects their character.
The nearer the character fit to the work, the higher the satisfaction, Holland
suggests. The concept of Holland emphasizes the accuracy of self-knowledge
and career information is necessary for decision making. According to Brown's
Career Choice theory, the environmental factors are about family, friends,
mentors, and economic environment.

This research uses social cognitive career theory and literature on higher
education to evaluate a conceptual framework for knowing the entry of latest high
school graduates to 4-year universities into science, technology, engineering, and
mathematics (STEM) courses. Results indicate that selecting a STEM major is
immediately affected by STEM intentions, high school math accomplishment, and
original post-secondary feelings such as educational communication and
recipient of economic assistance. Exerting the largest effect on STEM entry,
STEM intentions are immediately influenced by mathematical accomplishment of
12th grade, exposure to math and scientific lessons, and mathematical self-
efficacy beliefs — all three contribute to early accomplishment and behaviours
towards mathematics.

Talcott Parson (Parsons Theory) introduces the theory, this theory was the
most common option favoured by advisors, which he evaluated a student's
particular skill. One way to determine the strand you're going to take is by
identifying what skills you can do, if you don't have the knowledge of doing it, it's
difficult to do certain stuff. This is one thing you need to imagine choosing a
strand because you need to understand the benefits of getting it, and you need to
be practical if this strand helps you achieve your desired goals in life. If you
choose a certain strand, your idea must be innovative about the advantages you
will receive. If you don't want to do a task, it's difficult to do a task, so you need to
choose a strand not because you need it or it's your parent's strand option for
you, but because you want it. If this strand is based on your personality and
interests, it will be much easier for you to do your work and you won't be stressed
because you do it according to your will and you enjoy it.

Conceptual Framework

There are two major variables found in the study the Predictor and
Criterion. The Criterion is the number of enrolees in the Grade 11 STEM students
of Davao Doctors College Inc. The Predictor is the Factors that influences the
decision making of the students in choosing STEM as their preparatory education
for college. These are the experiences, one’s social class, and level of
intelligence. Social class, also called class, a group of people within a society
who possess the same socioeconomic status. Besides being important in social
theory, the concept of class as a collection of individuals sharing similar economic
circumstances has been widely used in censuses and in studies of social
mobility. Experience is the fact or state of having been affected by or gained
knowledge through direct observation or participation and the level of
intelligence is defined as general cognitive problem-solving skills.

A mental ability involved in reasoning, perceiving relationships and

analogies, calculating, learning quickly. The sub variables of the study is the
demographic and environmental factors. Demographic factors are the
socioeconomic characteristics of a population expressed statistically, such as
age, sex, education level, income level, marital status, occupation, religion, birth
rate, death rate, average size of a family, average age at marriage while the
environmental factors are all about the social influence such as family, friends,
community values, mentors, and economic environment. The following serves as
the independent variable of the study for it explains why the students chooses the
STEM strand. Fig.2.1 below shows the relationship of the dependent and the
independent variables of the study.
The Conceptual paradigm of the study

PREDICTOR
CRITERION
Factors on Decision making Number of enrolees

 Social Class  Environmental

Factors

 Experience

 Level of Intelligence

Figure 2.1

CHAPTER 3

Methodology

Introduction
 This chapter gives an outline of research methods that followed in the study. It
provides information on the participants, that is, the criteria for inclusion in the
study, who the participants were and how they were sampled. The researcher
describes the research design that was chosen for the purpose of this study and
the reasons for this choice. The instrument that was used for data collection is
also described and the procedures that were followed to carry out this study are
included. The researcher also discusses the methods used to analyse the data.
Lastly, the ethical issues that were followed in the process are also discussed.

Research Design

The purpose of this research is to seek whether there is a correlational

between the factors that affects the student to choose STEM strand and the
increase of Grade 11 enrolees in Davao Doctors College. This research is a non-
experimental quantitative and a descriptive correlational design. The researcher
will use the non-experimental quantitative approach since this research intends to
define the research questions.

Respondents

The researcher conducted the study and the survey in Davao Doctors
College, Inc. It revolves around the STEM students in the said school. The
researchers have chosen Grade 11 students specifically for the main focus of the
study are to know the increase of Grade 11 STEM population. The researchers
cannot just select the number of participants. So, they used the Slovins Formula
to find the exact number of participants that is used in certain study. There are
790 Grade 11 STEM students all in all; after using the formula the researchers
come up with 265.546218487 and it is rounded up to 266 participants. The
researcher used Convenience Sampling Method. It is a non-probability sampling
technique, where the researchers can select any member of population who are
conveniently and ready available. There is a possibility that it does not consider if
the participants will be the representative for the whole population or not but with
the help of Convenience Sampling Method the researcher gather information,
opinions, viewpoint of the participants in the easiest way possible.

Research Instrument

The research instrument used in the study is survey questionnaire. This

method was able to gather all the important answers to the researcher's
questionnaire. The questions were formed to get an answer of satisfaction and
the opinion of the selected respondents in order to build structure to the study.
This questionnaire method allowed the researchers to gather all data coming
from the selected student respondents. The survey research is one in which a
group of people or items is studied by collecting and analysing data from only a
few people or items considered to be representative of the entire group. The
Survey Questionnaire contains set of questions about the factors that can
determine the decision making of students in choosing their preferred strand. The
Survey Questionnaire is consist of factors namely; One’s Social Class,
Experience, Level of intelligence and the Environmental factors.

In other words, only a part of the population is studied, and findings from
this are expected to be generalized to the entire population defines the survey
assessing public opinion or individual characteristics by the use of questionnaire
and sampling methods. The researchers collect data systematically and address
the research study. The researchers used Likert Scale to identify if the student is
agree or disagree to the question given to them.

Range of Means Descriptive Equivalent Interpretation

3.5-4.00 Very High This indicates that the
indicator is manifested in
7.5-10 out of 10 occasions
2.6-3.49 High This indicates that the
indicator is manifested in 5-
 7.49 out of 10 occasions
1.50-2.49 Low This indicates that the
indicator is manifested in
2.5-4.99 out of 10 occasions
1-1.49 Very Low This indicates that the
indicator is manifested in 0-
2.49 out of 10 occasions.
Table 3.1

Data Gathering Procedure

In order to conduct the research properly, the researchers sent a letter of

permission to the office of the principal to be approved in doing the study and
survey to the Grade 11 STEM Students of Davao Doctors College, Inc. As soon
as the principal returns the letter of permission and it has being approved, the
researchers will immediately conduct the study to gather the data given by the
respondents. After the data has been collected it will be directly given to the
statistician for the results analysis and to be interpreted.

Permission Letter. The researchers sent a letter of request to the school

principal to conduct the study and a letter for the respondents along with the
survey questionnaire to ensure the confidentiality of the information given by the
respondents.

Conducting Survey Questionnaires. The questionnaires carried specific and

structured questions for the students and teachers with given enough time to
respond to the questions prior to the effect of using visual learning aids in
academic performance.

Data Analysis. The researchers analysed, described, classified and evaluated

data in the process of systematically applying statistical and logical techniques.

Statistical Treatment
 To interpret the data effectively, the researchers will use the following
statistical treatment to process the data. The Percentage, Weighted Mean and
Spearman’s rank-order correlation.

1.) Percentage. Percentage is used to determine the percentage usually for data
on profile.

Formula: Percentage = F/N x 100%

% - Percentage

F - Frequency

N - Total Population

2.) Weighted Mean. Weighted Mean is used to get average or central value.

Formula: WM = Σfx / N

WM - Weighted Mean

Σfx - Sum of the products of the frequency with weights.

N - Sample size

3.) Spearman's rank-order correlation. The researchers used Spearman's rank-

order correlation (In short, Spearman's correlation) to analyse the data.
Spearman's rank-order correlation is a non-parametric test of the strength and
path of connection between two factors evaluated at least on an ordinal scale.
The experiment is used either for ordinal factors or for continuous data that
missed the expectations needed to carry out the product-moment correlation of
Pearson. Determines the strength and direction of the two variables‘ monotonic
connection.
 CHAPTER 4

Results and Discussions

In this chapter, the result of the data gathered from the conducted survey is
presented through the help of statistical analysis and interpretation of findings.
These are presented in tables following the sequence of the specific research
problem about the Factors of Student’s Decision Making and Strand enrolled of
Grade 11 STEM students of Davao Doctors College,Inc.
 Factors of Student’s Decision Making

One’s Social Class

The tables below shows the Quantitative variations of Predictor Variable: the
mean, overall mean and the descriptive equivalent of the Predictor variables
which are One’s Social Class, Experience, and Level of Intelligence of the Grade
11 STEM students.
Table 4.1 One’s Social Class
Statement Mean Descriptive
Equivalent
1. I can buy all the things that I want 2.48 Low
2. I can say that my parents/guardian can 3.35 High
support my needs.
3. I am able to choose the school that I 3.13 High
desire.
4. I have enough allowance to buy my own 3.04 High
school requirements.
5.I can cope up with school projects that 3.01 High
requires spending money.
Overall mean 3.00 High
Legend:
Range of Mean Descriptive Equivalent
3.5-4.00 Very High
2.6-3.49 High
1.50-2.49 Low
1-1.49 Very Low

As shown in the table above, it can be observed that “Statement 2” has the
highest average having a mean of 3.35 among all of the questions in One’s
Social Class. It has been interpreted as High. On the other hand, “Statement 1”
has the lowest average with 2.49 and has been interpreted Low. As what you can
see at the table only statement 4 has the mean that doesn’t reach the average of
3 and has the only mean with “Low” as it’s Descriptive Equivalent.

The statement 2 that has the highest mean state “I can say that my
parents/guardian can support my needs”, therefore most of the Grade 11 STEM
 students has been properly supported by there parents especially when it comes
to the things that are really needed just like school projects, it can be a help to
know some information regarding why one’s social class can be a factor that can
influence the increase of the Grade 11 STEM students in Davao Doctors
College,Inc. While, the statement with the lowest mean is stated “I can buy all the
things that I want” from this gathered information it can be concluded that not all
STEM students is on the higher level in terms of social class. The overall mean of
the factor “One’s Social Class” is 3.01 and is “High” as its Descriptive Equivalent
using the range of means. Therefore, the researchers assumes that all in all the
questions/statements in this variable

Experiences
Same with the One’s Social Class, Experiences has also 5 statements that
has been answered by our respondents. The data has been gathered and
analyzed and as what we can see at the table below the researchers found out
that “statement 4” has the highest mean of 3.12 and interpreted “High” in its
Descriptive Equivalent. Meanwhile, “statement 5” has the lowest mean of 2.95
but still interpreted High as its Descriptive Equivalent.

Table4.2 Experiences
Statement Mean Descriptive
Equivalent
1. I have been inspired by a certain person 3.07 High
to choose STEM strand.
2. I chose STEM because it was High
recommended to me by my junior high 2.99
school teacher.
3. I have seen the information about the 2.99 High
said strand in social media.
4. I chose STEM because it is in lined to my 3.12 High
hobbies.
5. I have a relative who has a degree 2.95 High
related to STEM strand.
Overall mean 3.08 High
Legend:
Range of Mean Descriptive Equivalent
3.5-4.00 Very High
2.6-3.49 High
1.50-2.49 Low
1-1.49 Very Low
The statement in the variable experiences with the highest mean is stated “ I
chose STEM because it is in lined to my hobbies”. The result has been gathered
through the data given by the respondents, with that data the researchers
believes that most STEM students have chosen the strand for the work and
activities that they liked to do is in this track. Most of this students may be fond of
activities involving mathematics, technology, and sciences. On the other hand the
statement 5 which has the lowest mean states “ I have a relative who has a
degree related to STEM strand” after seeing the result the researchers gain the
information that even though most of the students don’t have someone in the
family which has a job inclined with STEM to look up to they still chooses this
track for they knew they can enhance their potential more in this path. The overall
mean of the second factor which is the experiences equals to 3.08 which is
interpreted “High” as its Descriptive Equivalent. Through this data gathered, the
researchers conducted the assumption that the factor “Experience” supports the
study conducted.

Level of Intelligence
The third factor of the predictor variable is the students “Level of Intelligence”.
As shown on the table below, the statement with the highest mean is the
statement 4 with an average of 3.29 and has been interpreted “High” in its
Descriptive Equivalent. As for the lowest mean of 2.58, statement 3 is also
interpreted “High” in its Descriptive Equivalent.
Table 4.3 Level of Intelligence
 Statement Mean Descriptive
Equivalent
1. I find the calculating numbers exciting. 3.09 High

2 I love reading articles about science 2.90 High

experiments.
3. I consider myself an intelligent person. 2.57 High

4. I can easily find solution when I am in an 3.29 High

intricate situation.
5. I consider STEM strand lessons easy to 3.02 High
understand.
Overall mean 2.97 High
Legend:
Range of Mean Descriptive Equivalent
3.5-4.00 Very High
2.6-3.49 High
1.50-2.49 Low
1-1.49 Very Low

Statement 4 in the factor “Level of Intelligence” stated that “I can easily find
solution when I am in an intricate situation” after seeing the result the researchers
come up with the idea that most of the Grade 11 STEM students has a high level
of cognitive skills for most of the respondents agreed in the statement.
Contradicting to the statement 4, statement 3 which has the lowest mean states “I
consider myself an intelligent person”. The result influences the researchers to
believe that even though STEM students has a high level of cognitive skills it
cannot be the reason to conclude that all students that chooses STEM has a high
Level of Intelligence. The overall mean of the third factor is 2.97 in total and is
considered “High” through its Descriptive Equivalent. Through this information
gathered, it can be concluded that Level of Intelligence is a factor who influences
the increase of the Grade11 STEM population.
Environmental Factors
The table below represent the statements of the Criterion Variable, the
tabulation of the gathered data, and its Descriptive Equivalent. With the help of
this information collected through the survey questionnaire the researchers come
up with new ideas that may help in supporting the study conducted.
Table 4.4 Environmental Factors
Statement Mean Descriptive
 Equivalent
1. I am aware of the protocols of Davao 3.21 High
Doctors College when emergency comes.
2. I know that the school’s equipments and High
facilities are maintained and in good 3.24
condition.
3. I am certain that the school environment 3.33 High
is safe for both students and teachers.
4. I observe that faculty and staff of Davao High
Doctors College respect all races and 3.36
culture of others
5. I can say that the school’s discipline 3.31 High
practices to students are fair.
Overall mean 3.29 High
Legend:
Range of Mean Descriptive Equivalent
3.5-4.00 Very High
2.6-3.49 High
1.50-2.49 Low
1-1.49 Very Low

In all of the five statements, “statement 4” has the highest mean with 3.36
and has been interpreted high as its Descriptive Equivalent. The statement is “I
observe that faculty and staff of Davao Doctors College respect all races and
culture of others” With the use of this data the researchers assumes that one of
the reasons why the population of Davao Doctors College, Inc. has suddenly
increased is because the students know that the school and its faculty practice
respect for all races and cultures. It may boost the confidence of the students
knowing they are in a good place. On the other note, the statement with the
lowest mean is the “statement 1” with an average of 3.21 but still interpreted as
“High” with its Descriptive Equivalent. The overall mean is equal to 3.29 and is
inline with “High” in the Descriptive Equivalent. Therefore, the researchers
assume that same with the Ones social Class, Experiences, and Level of
Intelligence the Environmental also supports the study for it can also affect the
increase in the number of population of the STEM students.
Table 4.5

Variable X Y R-value Decision

Factors of 3.07 0.34
Students Decision Reject
Making
Ho
Number of Grade
11 STEM 3.29
population

The r-value of 0.34 implicates that the factors of students decision making
such as one’s social class, experiences and, level of intelligence influences the
increase in the number of Grade 11 STEM student population in the school year
2019-2020. Furthermore, the remaining percent may be attributed to other factors
that has not been covered in this study. In addition to this, the r-value is positive
which means that there is a correlation of the two variables used. The r- value
0.34 is tested at 0.05 level of significance, which is greater and results to
rejection of the Null Hypothesis.
Results of the study consider the theory of Gottfredson’s theory which stated
that the main determinants are the One’s Social Class, Level of Intelligence, and
Experience. It rested that there are three factors that influences the increase of
the Grade 11 STEM population of the school year 2019-2020. There are also
some factors that will support the study, just like the environmental factor from
Brown’s Career Choice Theory. The null hypothesis of this study has been
rejected through the data analysed by our statistician. Therefore the researchers
has concluded that there is a significant relationship between the predictor which
is the factors of students decision making and the criterion which is the number of
population of the Grade 11 STEM students of the school year 2019-2020 in
Davao Doctors College, Inc.

Range of Means Descriptive Equivalent Interpretation

3.5-4.00 Very High This indicates that the
indicator is manifested in
7.5-10 out of 10 occasions
2.6-3.49 High This indicates that the
indicator is manifested in 5-
7.49 out of 10 occasions
1.50-2.49 Low This indicates that the
indicator is manifested in
2.5-4.99 out of 10 occasions
1-1.49 Very Low This indicates that the
indicator is manifested in 0-
2.49 out of 10 occasions.

CHAPTER 5

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

In this chapter, the summary, conclusion and recommendation is being

discussed. This study focuses on the Factors that affects the Decision Making of
the Students in choosing their preferred strand and the Population of Grade 11
STEM enrolees of year 2019-2020.The respondents are composed of Grade 11
STEM Students, with the total respondents of 266 students

Summary

Based on the result of the study, the findings are summarized as follows:

1.) As shown in the table, it can be observed that One’s Social Class
has the overall mean of 3.01 and its descriptive equivalent is high.
Experience has the overall mean of 3.08 and its descriptive equivalent is
high, while the Level of Intelligence has the overall mean of 2.97 and high
as its descriptive equivalent.

2.) As for the result of the interpreted data, Environmental factor has
the overall mean of 3.29 and has a descriptive equivalent of high.

3.) It is shown in the table that Environmental factor has the highest
descriptive equivalent of 3.29 among the said factors. However, the lowest
descriptive equivalent is the Level of Intelligence showing an overall mean
of 2.97.

Conclusion

Based on the result of the study, the conclusions are drawn:

1.) Most of the respondents has a higher Environmental involvement

since the overall mean for Environmental factor is high.
2.) The Environmental factor got the highest overall mean since the
respondents consider and knows the regulations of the school and has
respect for each student in the school.

3.) There is a significant relationship between the factors of student’s

decision making in choosing their strand and STEM strand enrollees of
Grade 11 students.

Recommendations
Students. This research study will help them choose in accordance with the
strands of their choosing offered by the K-12 program, followed by their given
information that supports the factors and benefits these strands have to offer.

Teachers. This research study will help the teachers, to be able to improve their
skills and techniques in teaching STEM students.

DDC Administration. This research study will be their basis improving their
quality education they offered to the students in line with the K-12 program, as
well as upgrading their systems and facilities to achieve its mission, vision and
goals.

DepEd. This research study will identify some strategies and improvements that
will be a great tool and help to academic institution.

Future Researchers. This research will serve as references to aid the future
researchers in conducting their study. Also, this research can be innovative in
carrying out programs that benefit both teachers and students, particularly in
Senior High School

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