Rose of Lima

Rose of Lima (20 April 1586 – 24 August 1617), was a member

Saint Rose of Lima
of the Third Order of Saint Dominic in Lima, Peru, who became
T.O.S.D.
known for both her life of severe asceticism and her care of the
needy of the city through her own private efforts. A lay member of
the Dominican Order, she was declared a saint by the Catholic
Church, being the first person born in the Americas to be
canonized as such.[1]

As a saint, Rose of Lima has been designated as a co-patroness of

the Philippines along with Saint Pudentiana; both saints were
moved to second-class patronage in September 1942 by Pope Pius
XII, but Rose remains the primary patroness of Peru and of the
indigenous natives of Latin America. Her image is featured on the
highest denomination banknote of Peru.

Contents
Biography
Veneration
Patronage
Legacy
Asia
Australia Saint Rose of Lima
Europe by Claudio Coello (1642–1693),
North America in the Prado Museum, Madrid, Spain
South America Virgin and penitent
Gallery Born Isabel Flores de Oliva
See also April 20, 1586[1]
References Lima, Viceroyalty of Peru

Further reading Died August 24, 1617 (aged 31)[1]

Lima, Viceroyalty of Peru
Venerated in Catholic Church
Biography Anglican Communion
Beatified April 15, 1667 or 1668, Rome,
She was born as Isabel Flores de Oliva in the city of Lima, then
Papal States by Pope Clement
in the Viceroyalty of Peru, on 20 April 1586. She was one of the
IX
many children of Gaspar Flores, a harquebusier in the Imperial
Spanish army, born in Puerto Rico[3], and his wife, María de Oliva Canonized April 12, 1671, Rome, Papal
y Herrera, a criolla native of Lima. Her later nickname "Rose" States by Pope Clement X[1]
comes from an incident in her infancy: a servant claimed to have Major shrine Basílica of Santo Domingo
seen her face transform into a rose. In 1597 Isabel was confirmed Lima, Peru
by the Archbishop of Lima, Toribio de Mogrovejo, who was also Feast August 23
to be declared a saint. She formally took the name of Rose at that August 30 (some Latin
time.[4] American countries and pre-
As a young girl, in emulation of the noted Dominican tertiary 1970 General Roman
Catherine of Siena, she began to fast three times a week and Calendar)
performed severe penances in secret. When she was admired for Attributes rosids, anchor, Infant Jesus
her beauty, Rose cut off her hair and smeared pepper on her face,
Patronage embroiderers; sewing lace;
upset that men were beginning to take notice of her.[5] She rejected
gardeners; florists; Latin
all suitors against the objections of her friends and her family.
America; people ridiculed or
Despite the censure of her parents, she spent many hours
misunderstood for their piety;
contemplating the Blessed Sacrament, which she received daily, an
for the resolution of family
extremely rare practice in that period. She was determined to take
quarrels; indigenous peoples of
a vow of virginity, which was opposed by her parents who wished
the Americas; Peru;
her to marry.[4] Finally, out of frustration, her father gave her a
Philippines; Villareal; Santa
room to herself in the family home.
Rosa, California; Santa Rosa,
After daily fasting, she Laguna; Santa Rosa, Nueva
took to permanently Ecija; Alcoy, Cebu; Arima,
abstaining from eating Trinidad and Tobago[2]; against
meat. She helped the sick vanity; Lima; Sittard
and hungry around her
community, bringing them to her room and taking care of them. Rose sold
her fine needlework, and took flowers that she grew to market, to help her
family. She made and sold lace and embroidery to care for the poor, and she
prayed and did penance in a little grotto that she had built. Otherwise, she
became a recluse, leaving her room only for her visits to church.[5]

She attracted the attention of the friars of the Dominican Order. She wanted
to become a nun, but her father forbade it, so she instead entered the Third
Order of St. Dominic while living in her parents' home. In her twentieth year
she donned the habit of a tertiary and took a vow of perpetual virginity. She
only allowed herself to sleep two hours a night at most, so that she had more
hours to devote to prayer.[6] She donned a heavy crown made of silver, with
small spikes on the inside, in emulation of the Crown of Thorns worn by
Stained glass window by Harry Christ.[5]
Clarke, located in St. Michael's
Church, Ballinasloe, Ireland,
For eleven years she lived this way, with intervals of ecstasy, and eventually
depicting Saint Rose burning her
died on 24 August 1617, at the young age of 31. It is said that she
hands in an act of penance.
prophesied the date of her death. Her funeral was held in the cathedral,
attended by all the public authorities of Lima. Her feast day is on the 23rd
day of August (the 30th day of August in the Traditional calendar).

Veneration
Rose was beatified by Pope Clement IX on 10 May 1667, and canonized on
12 April 1671, by Pope Clement X, and was the first Catholic in the
Americas to be declared a saint.[1] Her shrine, alongside those of her friends
Martin de Porres and John Macias, is currently located inside of the convent
of Saint Dominic in Lima. The Catholic Church says that many miracles
followed her death: there were stories that she had cured a leper, and that, at
the time of her death, the city of Lima smelled like roses; roses also started
falling from the sky. Many places in the New World are named Santa Rosa
Monastery of Saint Rose in 17th-
after her.
century Lima
Her liturgical feast was inserted into the General Roman Calendar in 1729
for celebration initially on 30 August, because 24 August, the date of her
death, is the feast of Saint Bartholomew the Apostle and 30 August was the
closest date not already allocated to a well-known saint.[7] Pope Paul VI's
1969 revision of the calendar made 23 August available, the day on which
her feast day is now celebrated throughout the world, including Spain, but
excluding Peru and some other Latin American countries, where 30 August
is a public holiday in her honor.

She is honored together with Martin de Porres and Toribio de Mogrovejo

with a feast day on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA) on
23 August. Saint Rose of Lima; facial
reconstruction
Early lives of Rosa were written by the Dominican Father Hansen, "Vita
Sanctae Rosae" (2 vols., Rome, 1664–1668), and Vicente Orsini, afterward.
Pope Benedict XIII wrote "Concentus Dominicano, Bononiensis ecclesia, in
album Sanctorum Ludovici Bertrandi et Rosae de Sancta Maria, ordinero
praedicatorum" (Venice, 1674).

There is a park named for her in downtown Sacramento, California.[8] A plot of

land at 7th and K streets was given to the Catholic Church by Peter Burnett,
first Governor of the State of California. Father Peter Anderson built one of the
first of two churches in the diocese to be consecrated under the patronage of St.
Rose.[9] Basilica and Convent of Santo
Domingo in Lima, Peru where the
In the Caribbean twin-island state of Trinidad and Tobago, the Santa Rosa remains of St. Rose of Lima rest
Carib Community, located in Arima, is the largest organization of indigenous
peoples on the island.[10] The second oldest parish in the Diocese of Port of
Spain is also named after this saint. The Santa Rosa Church, which is located in the town of Arima, was established
on 20 April 1786, as the Indian Mission of Santa Rosa de Arima, on the foundations of a Capuchin Mission
previously established in 1749.[11]

On the Caribbean Island of Saint Lucia there are two flower festivals supported by their Societies. Each society has
a patron saint on whose feast day the grande fete is celebrated. For the Roses it is the feast of St. Rose of Lima on
30 August; and for the Marguerites it is that of St. Margaret Mary Alacocque, 17 October. [12]

Rose's skull, surmounted with a crown of roses, is on public display at the Basilica in Lima, Peru, along with that of
St. Martin de Porres. It was customary to keep the torso in the basilica and pass the head around the country.

Patronage
Saint Rose is the patroness of the Americas,[4] of indigenous people of the Americas, especially of Lima, Peru, of
Sittard in the Netherlands, of India, and of the Philippines.

Legacy
On the last weekend in August, the Fiesta de Santa Rosa is celebrated in Dixon, New Mexico and the Sint Rosa
Festival in Sittard, Limburg, Netherlands.

A barony of Saint Rose of Lima was created in the Royal House of Rwanda on 25 July 2016 by the Catholic king in
exile, King Kigeli V of Rwanda.

Maywood, California, contains the largest parish dedicated to Saint Rose. Dedicated parishes are located in:
Asia
Kochi, Kerala, India
Bagong Ilog and Sumilang, Pasig City,
Philippines
Santa Rosa City, Laguna, Philippines
Santa Rosa, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
Australia
Kapunda, South Australia, Australia[13]
Collaroy Plateau, New South Wales, Australia
Rosedale, Victoria, Australia
Europe
Sittard, Limburg, Netherlands
North America
Sooke, British Columbia, Canada[14]
Santa Rosa de Juarez, Oaxaca, Mexico
Safford, Arizona, United States
Chula Vista, California, United States[15]
Crockett, California, United States [16]
Maywood, California, United States
Paso Robles, California, United States[17]
Santa Rosa, California, United States[18]
Simi Valley, California, United States[19]
Buena Vista, Colorado, United States[20]
Newtown, Connecticut, United States[21]
Milton, Florida, United States
Montrose, Illinois, United States[22]
Quincy, Illinois, United States[23]
Franklin, Indiana, United States[24]
Great Bend, Kansas, United States[25]
Cloverport, Kentucky, United States[22]
Jay, Maine, United States[26]
Baltimore, Maryland, United States[27]
Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States[28]
Chelsea, Massachusetts, United States
Chicopee, Massachusetts, United States[29]
Gallery
Northborough, Massachusetts, United
States[30]
Topsfield, Massachusetts, United States[31]
Hastings, Michigan, United States
Roseville, Minnesota, United States[32]
De Soto, Missouri, United States[33]
Dillon, Montana, United States
Reno, Nevada, United States[34]
Belmar, New Jersey, United States
East Hanover, New Jersey, United States[35]
Haddon Heights, New Jersey, United States
Freehold, New Jersey, United States[36]
Short Hills, New Jersey, United States
Forestville, New York, United States
Lima, New York, United States[37]
Massapequa, New York, United States[38]
North Syracuse, New York, United States[39]
Rockaway Beach, Queens, New York, United
States[40]
Perry, Oklahoma, United States
Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
Perrysburg, Ohio, United States[41]
Lima, Ohio, United States[42]
Altoona, Pennsylvania, United States[43]
Carbondale, Pennsylvania, United States
Eddystone, Pennsylvania, United States
Dillon, Montana, United States
North Wales, Pennsylvania, United States
Murfreesboro, Tennessee, United States[44]
Andice, Texas, United States[45]
Houston, Texas, United States[46]
San Antonio, Texas, United States[47]
Cheney, Washington, United States[48]
Cuba City, Wisconsin, United States[49]
South America
Paramaribo, Paramaribo District, Suriname
Arima, Trinidad & Tobago
Callao, Perú
 Temple, Sanctuary and Convent
where she lived in Lima
She converted a little hut in the
backyard into a hermitage, where
she often went to pray

Water well where devotees throw

letters in memory of St. Rose

Statue of St. Rose of

Basílica Santuario de Santa Rosa de Lima in the Catedral de
Lima in Buenos Aires la Asunción de María
Santísima in
Guadalajara, Jalisco

See also
List of Catholic saints

References
1. Marques, Luis Carlos L. (2000). "Rosa de Lima". In Leonardi, C.; Riccardi, A.; Zarri, G. (eds.).
Diccionario de los santos (in Spanish). II. Madrid, Spain: San Pablo. pp. 2003–2006. ISBN 84-285-
2259-6.
2. https://www.cnc3.co.tt/press-release/process-started-election-new-carib-queen
3. St. Rose of Lima, A Catholic Church located in Gaithersburg, MD (https://strose-parish.org/biography-
of-st-rose)
4. "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Rose of Lima" (http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/13192c.htm).
newadvent.org.
 5. "St. Mark - Saint of the Day - AmericanCatholic.org" (http://www.americancatholic.org/Features/Sainto
fDay/default.aspx). americancatholic.org.
6. Mills, Kenneth & Taylor, William B. Eds. "Colonial Latin America: A Documentary History".(2002)
Oxford: SR Books. Page 205.
7. Calendarium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969), p. 101
8. "Downtown Sacramento Partnership" (http://www.downtownsac.org/?mvcTask=merchants&id=581).
Downtown Sacramento Partnership.
9. "Roman Catholic Diocese of Sacramento – History & Archives" (https://web.archive.org/web/2008013
1230819/http://www.diocese-sacramento.org/diocese/history.html). diocese-sacramento.org. Archived
from the original (http://www.diocese-sacramento.org/diocese/history.html) on 31 January 2008.
10. Santa Rosa Carib Community
11. "Santa Rosa R. C. Church, Arima, Trinidad, West Indies" (http://www.santarosatt.org/?page_id=2).
santarosatt.org. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
12. "The National Flower Festivals: La Rose and La Marguerite" (https://archive.stlucia.gov.lc/saint_lucia/t
he_flower_festivals_la_rose_and_la_marguerite.htm).
13. "Northern Light Catholic Parish" (http://northernlightparish.wixsite.com/northernlight/st-rose-of-lima---k
apunda). wixsite.com. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
14. "賃貸経営をするなら｜家賃保証サービスを利用するのが最適" (http://www.strosesooke.org).
www.strosesooke.org. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
15. "St. Rose of Lima" (http://www.strosecv.net/church/).
16. "St. Rose of Lima Catholic Church" (https://www.strosecrockett.org/site/).
17. "St. Rose of Lima Church in Paso Robles" (http://www.saintrosechurch.org/03_history.htm).
saintrosechurch.org. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
18. "St. Rose of Lima Catholic Church" (http://www.stroseonline.org/). stroseonline.org.
19. "Saint Rose Catholic Church – We seek to heal, console and listen to the people" (http://www.stroseo
nline.org). stroseonline.org.
20. "St. Rose of Lima > Home" (http://www.strosebuenavista.org/). strosebuenavista.org.
21. "Home" (http://www.strosechurch.com/). St. Rose of Lima Roman Catholic Church.
22. Michael Hoerner. "St. Rose of Lima – Diocese of Springfield in Illinois" (http://www.dio.org/parishes/st-
rose-of-lima-montrose.html). dio.org.
23. "Saint Rose of Lima Catholic Church" (http://www.saintrosequincy.org/). saintrosequincy.org.
24. "St Rose of Lima Catholic Church" (http://strosechurch.saintrose.net/). strosechurch.saintrose.net/.
25. "Saint Rose of Lima Catholic Church – Prince of Peace Parish – Diocese of Dodge City" (http://greatb
endcatholic.com/). greatbendcatholic.com.
26. "St. Rose of Lima" (http://strosejayme.com/). St. Rose of Lima.
27. "St. Rose of Lima" (http://www.starl.org//). starl.org.
28. "Your Page Title" (http://www.strose-parish.org/). strose-parish.org.
29. Ste Rose. "Ste. Rose de Lima Parish" (http://www.sterose.org/). Ste. Rose de Lima Parish.
30. "Saint Rose of Lima – Northborough MA" (http://www.saintroseoflima.com/). saintroseoflima.com.
31. "St Rose of Lima Parish Topsfield, MA 01983" (http://parishesonline.com/scripts/HostedSites/Org.as
p?ID=1173). parishesonline.com.
32. "Home – Saint Rose of Lima Catholic Church" (http://saintroseoflima.net/). Saint Rose of Lima
Catholic Church.
33. "St. Rose of Lima Church & School" (http://www.stroseparish.info/). www.stroseparish.info. Retrieved
7 April 2018.
34. https://strosereno.com. Missing or empty |title= (help); External link in |website= (help); Missing
or empty |url= (help)
35. "St. Rose of Lima, East Hanover" (https://saintroseoflimachurch.org/). St. Rose of Lima, East
Hanover. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
36. "St. Rose of Lima" (http://www.stroseoflimafreehold.com). stroseoflimafreehold.com.
37. "St Rose of Lima Catholic Church" (https://www.saintagnespaulrose.org//). saintagnespaulrose.org//.
38. "Home" (http://www.stroseoflimaparish.org/). stroseoflimaparish.org.
39. "Saint Rose of Lima School Website" (http://stroseny.org/). Saint Rose of Lima School Website.
Retrieved 8 July 2017.
40. "Saint Rose of Lima Parish Website" (https://web.archive.org/web/20150326070030/http://www.strose
oflimarb.org/). Saint Rose of Lima Parish Website. Archived from the original (http://stroseoflimarb.or
g/) on 26 March 2015. Retrieved 6 March 2015.
41. metatags generator. "Saint Rose School and Parish Perrysburg Ohio" (http://www.saintroseonline.org/
index.php?src=gendocs&ref=Home_Parish). saintroseonline.org.
42. "St. Rose / St. John Parish History" (http://www.stroselimaohio.org/home/history.php?rid=68).
stroselimaohio.org.
43. "St Rose of Lima Catholic Church, Altoona, PA" (http://www.stroselima.com//). stroselima.com.
44. "St Rose of Lima Catholic Church – Murfreesboro, TN" (http://www.saintrose.org/). saintrose.org.
45. "Santa Rosa Catholic Church, Andice Texas" (http://www.srdl-cc.org/). srdl-cc.org.
46. "St. Rose of Lima Catholic Community, Houston, Texas" (http://www.stroelima.org/drupal/).
stroelima.org. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
47. "St. Rose of Lima Catholic Church: Welcome!" (http://www.srlsa.com). St. Rose of Lima Catholic
Church.
48. "St. Rose of Lima Catholic Church" (http://saintroseoflimacheney.org). saintroseoflimacheney.org.
49. "St. Rose of Lima Catholic Church" (http://strosecubacity.weconnect.com/).
strosecubacity.weconnect.com/.

Further reading
José Flores Araoz, et al. Santa Rosa de Lima y su tiempo. Lima: Banco de Crédito del Perú 1995.
Manuscript of the Life of St. Rose of Lima (http://dspt.edu/site/general/st.-rose-of-lima)
Luis Getino, O.P. Santa Rosa de Lima, patrona de América: su retrato corporal y su talla intelectual
según nuevos documentos. Madrid: M. Aguilar 1943.
Teodoro Hampe Martínez. "Santa Rosa de Lima y la identidad criolla en el Perú colonial" (essay of
interpretation), Revista de Historia de América, No. 121 (January – December, 1996), pp. 7–26
Leonardo Hansen, Vida admirable de Santa Rosa de Lima, translated by Fr. Jacinto Parra. Lima:
Centro Católico 1895.
Fernando Iwasaki Canti. "Mujeres borde de la perfección: Rosa de Santa María y las alumbradas de
Lima," Hispanic American Historical Review 73, no. 4 (1993):581–613.
Pedro de Loayza, O.P. Vida ad Santa Rosa de Lima (1619) Reprint, Lima: Iberia, S.A. 1965.
Ronald J. Morgan, "Heretics by Sea, Pagans by Land: St. Rosa de Lima and the Limits of Criollismo
in Colonial Peru", chapter 4 of Spanish American Saints and the Rhetoric of Identity. Tucson:
University of Arizona Press 2002, pp. 67–97.
Tomás Polvorosa López, "La canonización de Santa Rosa de Lima a través del Bullarium Ordinis F.F.
Pratedictorum" in Actas del I Congreso Internacional sobre los Dominicos y el Nuevo Mundo,
pp. 603–639. Madrid: Editorial DEIMoS 1987.
Marian Storm. "The Life of St. Rose: First American Saint and Only American Woman Saint",
ISBN 978-1258802653
Rubén Vargas Ugarte, S.J. Vida de Santa Rosa de Lima. 3d edition. Buenos Aires: Imprenta López
1961.

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