PROPOSED EVACUATION CENTER FOR GUIMARAS

PROJECT STUDY

Presented to

The Faculty of the College of Engineering

Western Institute of Technology

La Paz, Iloilo City

In Partial Fulfillment
Of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

By:

Cardiel, Ritzy Jane D.

Orquiola, Aaron D.
Penuela, Eduardo P. III
Salting, Aisle T.

March 2020
 WESTERN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
La Paz, Iloilo City

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

APPROVAL SHEET

This project study entitled PROPOSED EVACUATION CENTER FOR GUIMARAS

prepared and submitted by Cardiel, Ritzy Jane D., Orquiola, Aaron D., Penuela, Eduardo P. III,
and Salting, Aisle T., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree, BACHELOR OF
SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING, is hereby recommended for oral communication.

CORAZON C. CORBAL, CE, Ph. D.

Adviser

Passed the Oral Examination on December 07, 2019.

PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Approved by the Committee on Oral Examination with a grade of _________

GLICERIO D. BENOSA, CE, D.I.T.

Chair

ERYL C. LAZARTE, CE, MEng. MA. VICTORIA LABISCASE, CE, MEng.

Member Member

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree,
BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING.

GLICERIO D. BENOSA, CE, D.I.T. RONNIE A. CABALUM, MEng.

Head, CE Department Dean, College of Engineering

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

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ABSTRACT

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 List of Figures

Figure Page

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 List of Tables

Table Page

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 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

The Philippines is an archipelago located in the South-East Asia as one of the

tropical countries in the Northern Hemisphere. This dictates that the country is generally
hot throughout the year and experiences a rainy season during the latter half of the year
and a dry season during the first half. However, the Philippines is also being subject to
natural calamities that are currently occurring within the country. For instance, the
country is mostly exposed to typhoons and torrential rainfalls, resulting in flashfloods and
landslides which affect the mountainous areas, as well as storm surges on the lowlands
and near the shorelines. The latest devastating typhoon that damaged the nation based on
modern meteorological technology and monitoring is the Typhoon Haiyan or the
Typhoon Yolanda in 2013, which the authorities were feared as many as 10,000 men died
in that typhoon. These evidences led the TIME Magazine during the same year to include
the Philippines as the "most typhoon-exposed country on Earth." In addition to these
calamities are the possibilities of volcanic eruptions (which sometimes result in ash falls
and lahar flows) and earthquakes, since the Philippines is also located in the Pacific Ring
of Fire. Though the volcanic eruptions rarely affect the residents nearby nowadays, the
mostly observed earthquake also known as the "Big One", however, will be fearsome for
the residents near the West Marikina Valley Fault and will likely to occur sooner or later
on.

As a response to these events occurred and even future catastrophes that will
worsen the condition of the provinces, Building a one storey evacuation center with a
land area of almost 3000 square meters and is to be established at Barangay Salvacion
Buenavista, Guimaras, wherein the 4.5 square kilometers land area is prone to floods
since the said barangay has a land classification of being a low land. The evacuation
center will act as a refuge for the 3, 963 affected families during calamity and during the
post-event recovery, with complete facilities specializing in medical and psychological
rehabilitation as well as sustainable ways to answer the needs of the evacuees according
to the responses of the community.

Objective of the Study

General Objectives

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 This study aims to provide a one story evacuation center for the Guimarasnon

located at Baranggay Salvacion Buenasvista, Guimaras.

Specific Objectives

1. To gather information about the location.

2. To estimate the total project cost.

3. To address the needs of the safety of the citizens during emergency situation.

Definition of Terms

Evacuation – the action of removing people from a place of danger to a safe place.

Evacuees – persons evacuated from a catastrophe-affected place to somewhere safe.

Catastrophe – an event causing great and often sudden damage or suffering.

Calamity – an event causing great and often sudden damage or distress.

Disaster – a sudden event, such as an accident or a natural catastrophe, that causes great
damage or loss of life.

Storm Surge - A rising of the sea as a result of atmospheric pressure changes and wind
associated with a storm

Rescue – an act of saving or being saved from danger or

distress.

Evacuation center – is usually large facilities that can accommodate people in transition
due to an emergency.

Significance of the Study

This study will benefit the following:

1. The Public Schools of Guimaras

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 o Using school classrooms as evacuation centers will delay the rehabilitation

and repair of the school which will delay the resume of classes, building

an evacuation center can spare school facilities from being occupied.

2. The Guimarasnon

o This will provide them a safe temporary shelter if a disaster hits.

3. Municipality of Guimaras

o To earn funds from the events and activities that will be held in the place

4. The sports commission of Guimaras

o It can address the shortage of covered sports facilities.

Scope and Limitations

The scope is only limited to the design of architectural, structural, plumbing,

sanitary, electrical, program evaluation and review techniques (PERT) and Critical Path

Method (CPM) network, and Estimating the propose evacuation center located at

Baranggay Salvacion, Buenavista Guimaras.

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 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Natural Disaster

Typhoon

Approximately twenty tropical cyclones enter the Philippine area of responsibility

yearly, an area which incorporates parts of the Pacific Ocean, South China Sea and the

Philippine Archipelago (with the exception of Tawi-Tawi province). Among these

cyclones, ten will be typhoons, with five having the potential to be destructive ones. The

Philippines is "the most exposed country in the world to tropical storms" according to a

Time Magazine article in 2013. In the Philippine languages, tropical cyclones are

generally called bagyo.

Typhoons can hit the Philippines any time of year, with the months of June to

September being most active, with August being the most active individual month and

May the least active. Typhoons move east to west across the country, heading north as

they go. Storms most frequently make landfall on the islands of Eastern Visayas, Bicol

region, and northern Luzon whereas the southern island and region of Mindanao is

largely free of typhoons. Climate change is likely to worsen the situation with the

extreme weather events including typhoons posing various risks and threats to the

Philippines.

Tropical Cyclone Warning Signals

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 The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services

Administration (PAGASA) releases tropical cyclone warnings in the form of tropical

cyclone warning signals. An area having a storm signal may be under:

Tropical Cyclone Warning Signal #1

Tropical cyclone winds of 30 km/h (19 mph) to 60 km/h (37 mph) are expected

within the next 36 hours.

Tropical Cyclone Warning Signal #2

Tropical cyclone winds of 61 km/h (38 mph) to 120 km/h (75 mph) are expected

within the next 24 hours.

Tropical Cyclone Warning Signal #3

Tropical cyclone winds of 121 km/h (75 mph) to 170 km/h (110 mph) are

expected within the next 18 hours.

Tropical Cyclone Warning Signal #4

Tropical cyclone winds of 171 km/h (106 mph) to 220 km/h (140 mph) are

expected within 12 hours.

Tropical Cyclone Warning Signal #5

Tropical cyclone winds greater than 220 km/h (140 mph) are expected within 12

hours.

These tropical cyclone warning signals are usually raised when an area (in

the Philippines only) is about to be hit by a tropical cyclone. As a tropical cyclone

gains strength and/or gets nearer to an area having a storm signal, the warning

may be upgraded to a higher one in that particular area (e.g. a signal No. 1

warning for an area may be increased to signal #3). Conversely, as a tropical

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 cyclone weakens and/or gets farther to an area, it may be downgraded to a lower

signal or may be lifted (that is, an area will have no storm signal).

Earthquake

Earthquake can be defined as any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the

passage of seismic waves through Earth’s rocks. Seismic waves are produced when some

form of energy stored in Earth’s crust is suddenly released, usually when masses of rock

straining against one another suddenly fracture and “slip.” Earthquakes occur most often

along geologic faults, narrow zones where rock masses move in relation to one another.

The major fault lines of the world are located at the fringes of the huge tectonic plates

that make up Earth’s crust

Man-made Disaster

Fire

Fire is define as the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic chemical

process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products.[1] Slower

oxidative processes like rusting or digestion are not included by this definition.

Fire in its most common form can result in conflagration, which has the potential to cause

physical damage through burning. Fire is an important process that affects ecological

systems around the globe. The positive effects of fire include stimulating growth and

maintaining various ecological systems.

Evacuation Center
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 This is defined as a center which provides affected people with basic human

needs including accommodation, food and water. It refers to any site or center hosting

evacuees which include but not limited to, schools, covered courts, barangay/community

halls, camping areas, collectives centers, abandoned houses/buildings, multipurpose

centers and/or established tent cities.

Importance of Evacuation Center

The Philippines is a disaster prone nation and vulnerable to various natural

hazards in the form of typhoons, floods, tidal waves, tsunami, armed conflict, landslides,

fire, and earthquake. Typhoons and floods usually hit Metro Manila, North-eastern part

of Luzon, other regions in Luzon and other parts of Visayas.

By virtue of Republic Act 7160, also known as the local government code of

1991, the local governments specifically the provincial governments, are mandated to

provide immediate basic relief assistance such as food, clothing, psycho-social support,

and emergency shelter to families affected by natural or human-induced. There is a need

to immediately move the disaster affected families to safe evacuation centers or safe

areas because of the threat of or the actual occurrence of disasters which may cause loss

of lives and destruction of properties.

Basic Facilities and Standard

Shelter and accommodations

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a. The local government units shall ensure that adequate shelters are provided to the

evacuees

b. To guide LGUs: short-term and long-term

c. Check for connection on electricity and water

Camp Management Desk or Office

a. An office/desk will be setup in each evacuation center

b. The office or desk will be properly marked with visibility

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 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

The factors that will determine the design of evacuation center should comply through a

series of steps to follow. These steps include researcher should make a survey in the vicinity and

its residence, design the architectural, structural, electrical, and plumbing plan, the detailed

estimates and total estimates can be made, and prepare “Program Evaluation and

ReviewTechniques (PERT) and Critical Path Method (CPM)” network.

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Survey of Vicinity

Survey of the location is the first step to make this project. It is important in both

mitigating risks and controlling the cost. Brgy. Salvacion Buenavista,Guimaras is the

place where we have decided to put up our proposed evacuation center. The said

Barangay will be survey and we will identify the possible problem that could occur along

the process of construction. In this step, we will scrutinize the place in order to make lot

plan and to come up with new methods for site development. We must provide first the

lot area and vicinity map as it serves as the first requirement before execution of plan.

Architectural Planning

In this method we will be making the floor plan which includes all the elevations,

specifications, calculations and time planning of the building process.

Structural Planning

This method involves managing of effects of development in order to achieve

effective means of a sustainable management of natural and physical resources.

Electrical Planning

This method involves the electrical design for the whole building. It is being

scrutinize before it will be installed. A proper and smart planning of the electrical design

can abate the possibilities of any untoward incidents. It consists of common standard

symbols of electrical machines and appliances and their corresponding interconnection.

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Plumbing

In this method, we will install and maintain the plumbing system, tanks, fitting

and other apparatus required for water supply.

Estimates

In this method, we will first estimate the cost for clearing and grubbing next are

the Structure Excavation & Soil Poisoning, Embankment, Gravel, Structure Concrete,

Forms & False Works, CHB Non Load Bearing(100mm & 150mm), Cement Plaster

Finish, Glazed tiles and Trim and after that Unglazed tiles, Ceiling, Windows, Doors,

also the Painting Works and the Structural Steel and for the cost of the metal sheets,

Sewer Line Works, Conduits, Boxes and fittings, Wires and Wiring Devices, Panel

Boards with Main Branch Breaker and lastly the Lighting Fixtures.

PERT/CPM

In this method, Program Evaluation and Review Technique used to manage

uncertain activities of the project. It is appropriate for the projects where the time needed

to complete different activities are not known. Critical Path Method is apt for the projects

which are recurring in nature. It is used for planning, scheduling, coordination and

control of activities in a project. These methods are the network based project

management techniques, which the flow sequence of the activities and events.

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