Visibility of Overlapping Lines & Planes ES 1

To determine the visibility of lines, you have

to check each apparent* point of
intersection in each view.

In the case of intersecting planes, first check

the apparent* points of intersection that
are closest to the endpoints of the line of
intersection (LOI).

*The lines do not actually intersect at these

points; they only overlap – appearing as if
they intersect – in the chosen view.

For example: Problem 1 in Plate No. 17

α is the apparent intersection of AC and XZ in HRP.
Project α to any consecutive view [in this problem,
your only choice is FRP].

Since XZ pierces ∆ACB, if XZ is hidden under AC,

then, logically, XZ is visible over BC...

…but just to be sure, check the other apparent point

of intersection along XZ in HRP.

γ is the apparent intersection of BC and XZ in HRP.

Project γ to FRP. Which line do you hit first?

As you project α downward, which line does your

pencil hit first: AC or XZ?

The line your pencil hits first as you project α to FRP

is solid in HRP.

In this problem, as you project α to FRP, your

projection line hits AC before XZ.
∴ AC is visible over XZ
XZ is hidden under AC.

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 Visibility of Overlapping Lines & Planes ES 1

Result: XZ is visible over BC
BC is hidden under XZ. Result: AB is visible over YZ
YZ is hidden under AB.

Moving on to the right side of the LOI… Both AC and AB are visible over YZ in HRP.
δ is the apparent point of intersection of AB and YZ. ∴ ∆ABC is visible over YZ
YZ is hidden under ∆ABC.
Project δ to FRP. Which line does your pencil hit
first: AB or YZ?

Since AB pierces ∆XYZ, if AB is visible over YZ, then,

logically, AB is hidden over XY... but to be sure,
The line your pencil hits first as you project δ to FRP check the other apparent point of intersection along
is solid in HRP. AB in HRP.

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 Visibility of Overlapping Lines & Planes ES 1

β is the apparent intersection of AB and XY in HRP. Both XZ and XY are visible over BC in HRP.
Project β to FRP. Which line does your pencil hit ∴ ∆XYZ is visible over BC
BC is hidden under ∆XYZ.
first: AB or XY?

The line your pencil hits first as you project β to FRP You’re done with HRP!
is solid in HRP.
Do the same steps in FRP to determine visibility.
Result: AB is hidden under XY
XY is visible over AB.

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1 is the apparent intersection of AC and XZ in FRP. 2 is the apparent intersection of BC and XZ in FRP.
Project 1 to HRP. Project 2 to HRP.

In HRP, projection line hits XZ before AC. In HRP, projection line hits BC before XZ.

Therefore, XZ is visible over AC, and Therefore, BC is visible over XZ (and YZ);
AC is hidden under XZ. XZ is hidden under BC.

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 Visibility of Overlapping Lines & Planes ES 1

3 is the apparent intersection of AB and XY in FRP. 4 is the apparent intersection of AB and YZ in FRP.
Project 3 to HRP. Project 4 to HRP.

In HRP, projection line hits XY before AB. In HRP, projection line hits AB before YZ.

Therefore, XY is visible over AB (and AC); Therefore, XY is visible over AB (and AC);
AB is hidden under XY. AB is hidden under XY.

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Final drawing with correct visibility in all views:

Voila. Hope you understood. Haha.

nd
Good luck in your 2 exam! :D

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