PEACE TREATISE OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT WITH MUSLIM IN

MINDANAO
1996
The government of then-president Fidel Ramos holds the first exploratory talks with the Moro
Islamic Liberation Front. The talks culminate with the signing of a "general cessation of
hostilities" between the two parties in July 1997.
2000
Then-president Joseph Estrada declares an "all-out war" against the MILF after a series of
terrorist attacks in Mindanao.
2008
The government of then-president Gloria Macapagal Arroyo and the MILF sign the
Memorandum of Agreement-Ancestral Domain (MOA-AD) which creates the so-called
Bangsamoro Judicial Entity. It is met with widespread opposition, ending with the Supreme
Court declaring the agreement unconstitutional.
2010
Then-president Benigno Aquino III forms an advisory council to assist the government in the
peace talks.
2011
AUGUST 5
MILF chair Murad "Al Haj" Ebrahim and Aquino meet for the first time in Tokyo, Japan. The
meeting ends with both agreeing to push on with
2012
OCTOBER 7
The Philippine government and the MILF conclude the 32nd round of talks resulting in a
framework agreement that seeks to create a Bangsamoro region.
OCTOBER 15
The two parties sign the historical framework agreement in Malacañang.
NOVEMBER 17
The 33rd round of peace talks – which focuses on power-sharing, wealth-sharing, and
normalization in the Bangsamoro region – ends without any agreement signed between the
two parties.
DECEMBER 16
The 34th round peace talks on December 16 concludes with a “technical impasse” over
whether or not the MILF will lead the Bangsamoro Transition Authority.
DECEMBER 17
Aquino signs Executive Order 120 that creates the 15-member Transition Commission that will
craft the Bangsamoro Basic Law.
2013
JANUARY 21
The 35th round of peace talks begins to settle the remaining unresolved issue in the transitional
arrangements: who will lead the Bangsamoro Transition Authority?
FEBRUARY 27
The two parties sign the Annex on Transitional Arrangements and Modalities.
APRIL 11
The 37th round of peace talks – which was postponed – ends without any agreement being
signed.
JULY 8
The 38th round of peace talks begins – two days after the Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom
Fighters (BIFF) ambushes an army truck and attacks an army camp.
JULY 11
The parties leave the negotiating table with no signed agreement, with MILF peace panel
chairperson Mohagher Iqbal describing the talks as "too rigid" and "fruitless."
JULY 12
The MILF agrees to return to the negotiations. After a hiccup that involves the two parties
agreeing to extend, the annex on wealth sharing – which gives automatic appropriations to the
Bangsamoro, among others – is eventually signed a day after on July 13.
AUGUST 25
The 39th round of peace talks ends without a signed agreement.
SEPTEMBER 10
The 40th round of peace talks opens a day after suspected members of the Moro National
Liberation Front (MNLF) take over 4 barangays in Zamboanga City.
SEPTEMBER 20
This round ends on September 20 without any signed agreement.
OCTOBER 13
The 41st round of peace talks ends without any agreement on the power-sharing annex.
DECEMBER 8
After delays, the parties finally sign the annex on power-sharing during the 42nd round of
peace talks. A deal on the contentious “Bangsamoro waters” remains missing.
angsamoro waters” remains missing.
2014
JANUARY 24
The two panels arrive at a deal on how power will be shared over the “Bangsamoro waters”
during the 43rd round of peace talks. The agenda includes what will happen to the firearms of
the rebels.
MARCH 27
The Philippine government and the MILF finally sign the Comprehensive Agreement on the
Bangsamoro on March 27 in Malacañang. MILF chairman Murad Ebrahim describes it as the
“crowning glory of our struggle.” (INFOGRAPHIC: The Bangsamoro peace deal at a glance)
APRIL 20
The Bangsamoro Transition Commission completes its final draft of the proposed Bangsamoro
Basic Law to Malacañang for review.
AUGUST 20
The commission submits the second draft of the proposed law to Aquino.
SEPTEMBER 10
Aquino personally hands over the proposed Bangsamoro Basic Law to then-Senate-president
Franklin Drilon and then-House-speaker Sonny Belmonte on September 10.
2015
JANUARY 25
Deliberations on the proposed bill are suspended in the aftermath of the deaths of 44 members
of the Philippine National Police Special Action Force (PNP-SAF) following a clash with BIFF and
MILF rebels, and other armed groups in Mamasapano, Maguindanao.
The MILF, meanwhile, urges lawmakers not to delay deliberations on the proposed BBL,
claiming that their troops acted in self-defense during the Mamasapano clash. The group also
denies coddling wanted terrorists “Marwan” and Abdulbasit Usman.
FEBRUARY
Several investigations and congressional hearings are conducted in the aftermath of the deadly
Mamasapano clash. The Senate investigation is headed by Senator Grace Poe.
MARCH 2
Congress leaders set the end of the second regular session (June 30) as the new deadline for
the passage of the Bangsamoro Basic Law.
MARCH 17
A Senate panel report, which holds Aquino “ultimately responsible” for the botched operation,
is submitted. The PNP, in its report, implicates resigned PNP chief director general Alan
Purisima, adding that Aquino bypassed the chain of command in the PNP.
APRIL
The Senate continues its deliberations on the BBL following the submission of reports on the
Mamasapano clash.
MAY 20
After a marathon of hearings, the House Ad Hoc Committee on the BBL approves the draft and
the committee report of the proposed bill – the Basic Law for the Bangsamoro Autonomous
Region (BLBAR).
2016
FEBRUARY 3
The 16th Congress fails to pass the BBL before it adjourns to give way to the campaign period.
JUNE 30
President Rodrigo Duterte is sworn into office. The first president from Mindanao, Duterte
vows to finally bring peace to the region.
AUGUST 13
The MILF and the government launch formal meetings. Peace adviser Jesus Dureza says the
meetings focus on crafting the new law that will implement the agreement, given the failure of
the Bangsamoro Basic Law.
The two parties also agree to expand the Bangsamoro Transition Council (BTC) from 15 to 21.
2017
FEBRUARY 10
Duterte on February 10 names new members of the Bangsamoro Transition Committee which
includes at least 3 members of the MILF. On February 24, during the formal launch of the BTC,
he urges the committee to aspire for a draft that’s “acceptable,” adding that he’ll ask Filipinos
nationwide to support it.
MAY 5
Duterte says he is “a bit pessimistic” about the Mindanao peace talks amid persistent tensions
then between the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) and Moro National Liberation Front
(MNLF).
JUNE 6
The 12-member BTC finalizes its draft of the Bangsamoro Basic Law. (READ: Final version of BBL
holds fate of Mindanao peace process)
JULY 17
The committee submits the draft to Duterte.
AUGUST
As the House awaits the formal submission of the draft BBL by the BTC, former president and
then- Pampanga-representative Gloria Arroyo files her own version of the law, which she says,
"truly reflects the aspirations of our Muslim brothers and sisters as well as the indigenous
brethren, representation to Indigenous Peoples, women, the sultanates, and other key
stakeholders.”
SEPTEMBER 14
Dureza says Duterte wants to first come up with a "game plan" for smoothing out some of the
contentious provisions of the proposed BBL before certifying it as urgent.
DECEMBER 19
Duterte says he is not confident that the proposed BBL is allowed by the 1987 Constitution.
2018
MAY 29
Duterte certifies the proposed Bangsamoro Basic Law (BBL) as urgent – a day before Congress
adjourns. The release of certification comes after his meeting with Congress leaders and "much
deliberation,” according to then-presidential-spokesperson Harry Roque.
MAY 30
The House of Representatives, on the last day of session, approves the proposed BBL.
MAY 31
The Senate, meanwhile, passes its own version past midnight.
JULY 18
The bicameral conference committee finalizes the bill that would establish and grant greater
autonomy to a new Bangsamoro region after more than a week of deliberations to reconcile
the differing provisions of the House and Senate versions.
JULY 23 AND 24
The Senate ratifies the bicam report on July 23 while the House of Representatives finishes on
July 24.
JULY 26
Duterte signs the landmark Bangsamoro Organic Law that will pave the way, among others, for
the new Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao that would have greater fiscal
autonomy, a regional government, parliament, and justice system, among others. (READ: After
Bangsamoro law, a bright yet bumpy path to peace)
SEPTEMBER 5
The Commission on Elections announces that the plebiscite on the landmark law will take place
on January 21, 2019. It sets the campaign period from December 7, 2018 to January 19, 2019.
OCTOBER 30
Sulu Governor Abdusakur Tan II files the first Supreme Court petition seeking to block the
Bangsamoro Organic Law. He raises the issue of an opt-out provision.
DECEMBER 7
Government officials and MILF leaders kick off the campaign period by urging the public to
unite and take part in the plebiscite which seeks to ratify the landmark Bangsamoro Organic
Law.
DECEMBER 18
The Philippine Constitution Association (Philconsa) asks the Supreme Court to declare the BOL
"unconstutitional, null and void.” It urges the High Court to issue a temporary restraining order
on the implementation of the law.
2019
JANUARY 18
President Rodrigo Duterte makes a last minute campaign for the ratification of the Bangsamoro
Organic Law (BOL) while in Cotabato City, saying that the people “should forget the bitterness
of the past and look forward to the future.”
January 19
Cotabato City Mayor Cynthia Guiani Sayadi once again defends her opposition to the
Bangsamoro Organic Law (BOL). The mayor is the champion of the "no" vote in the Bangsamoro
plebiscite and has reported several instances of alleged harassment against her.
January 21
Voters in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM), Cotabato City, and Isabela
City, flock to their respective polling centers to cast their “yes” or “no” votes on whether the
Bangsamoro Organic Law should be ratified and an expanded Bangsamoro region created.
Cotabato City – the "crown jewel" of the region – votes to join the proposed BARMM, according
to unofficial results from the City Board of Canvassers as of 8:42 pm on Tuesday.
January 22.
The city had twice before rejected inclusion in the ARMM – in 1989 and in 2001.
January 25
The National Plebiscite Board of Canvassers (NPBOC) announces the official results of the
plebiscite, saying the BOL is "deemed ratified."
 THE PHILIPPINE-AMERICAN RELATION TIMELINE

May 1, 1898

Commodore George Dewey crushes Spain’s wooden-hulled fleet at the Battle of

Manila Bay during the Spanish-American war. In December, the Treaty of Paris ends
the war, part of the terms seeing the United States paying Spain $20 million to take
over colonial rule of the Philippines.

February 4, 1899

An American patrol on the outskirts of Manila kills three Filipino nationalists

demanding independence, triggering three years of fighting which the United
States says claimed the lives of more than 20,000 Filipino rebels and 4,200
American troops.

November 9, 1901

The United States sets up a naval reservation in the Philippines that would become
Subic Bay Naval Base, a key Navy repair yard during the Vietnam War. Fort
Stotsenburg, the precursor to Clark Air Base, is established nearby in 1902 .

January 17, 1933

The US Congress passes a law to give the Philippines independence after a 10-year
period of self-government under American supervision.

December 8, 1941

Japanese bomber planes attack Clark Air Base, eight hours after destroying Pearl
Harbor in Hawaii, as the United States is drawn into World War II. Japanese
amphibious forces reach the Philippines within days to begin more than three years
of brutal occupation.

April 9, 1942

American and Filipino forces under joint US command surrender near Manila.
About 12,000 American and 63,000 Filipino prisoners of war are forced at gunpoint
into a six-day “Death March” to a prison camp in the northern Philippines.
Malnutrition, disease and Japanese bayonets kill between 7,000 and 10,000
prisoners, according to the US military.

July 5, 1945

The United States liberates the Philippines after a 10-month military campaign.

July 4, 1946

The United States grants the Philippines independence.

August 30, 1951

The Philippines and the United States sign a mutual defence treaty pledging to
come to each other’s aid in case of an armed attack on either side.

November 24, 1992

The helicopter carrier USS Belleau Wood sails out of Subic Bay, ending nearly a
century of US military presence in the Philippines. The closure came two months
after the Filipino Senate rejected a proposed 10-year bases treaty extension, amid
rising popular sentiment against the United States.

February 8, 1995

Estranged from its US ally, the Philippines finds structures built by China on a
strategically important South China Sea outcrop called Mischief Reef, which Manila
claims as part of its continental shelf. The discovery ignites years of tense maritime
confrontations between the Asian neighbours and drives the Philippines back to an
American embrace.

February 10, 1998

The Philippines and the United States sign a Visiting Forces Agreement, paving the
way for increased military cooperation including resumption of large-scale annual
joint military exercises on Filipino soil. The Philippine Senate ratifies the treaty in
May 1999.

September, 2002

As US president George W. Bush wages a “global war on terror”, small numbers of

American Special Forces troops deploy in the southern Philippines to train and
provide intelligence to Filipino soldiers fighting Al-Qaeda-linked Filipino Muslim
militants. This begins a rotating but permanent US presence of about 500 soldiers
in the south.

May 19, 2003

Bush designates the Philippines as a major non-NATO ally, bolstering military

cooperation against the threat of terrorism.

April 28, 2013

As part of Obama’s effort to rebalance US forces towards Asia, and against the
backdrop of Manila’s tensions with Beijing, the Philippines and United States sign
an agreement to allow a greater American military presence
 BRIEFT HISTORY OF FISHING IN THE PHILIPPINES

Fish is the primary source of protein in the Filipino diet. Some

2,000 species abound in Philippine waters. Despite more than a doubling
in output since the 1960s, the fishing industry remains relatively
undeveloped, and large quantities of fish are imported. The Bureau of
Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR) cites the continued
environmental degradation of Philippine waters as a major constraint on
fish production. In 2000, the total domestic fish catch was 1,892,832 tons
(12th in the world), of which 8% came from inland waters. Exports of fish
products in 2000 were valued at $400 million.

Six species are most important, according to BFAR, because each

has yielded 100,000 tons per year or more since the mid- 1980s. These
species are: sardines, roundscad, frigate tuna, anchovies, milkfish, and
tilapia. Indian mackerel, skipjack and yellowfin tuna, sea bass, red
snapper, mullet, kawakawa, squid, and prawn are also plentiful. Principal
commercial fishing grounds are off Palawan, north of Panay and Negros,
and to the south and west of Mindanao. Subsistence fishing is conducted
throughout the archipelago. Fish ponds, chiefly for cultivation of bangos
or milkfish, are principally in the swampy coastal areas of western Panay
and around Manila Bay. Pearl shells (including cultured pearls), sponges,
sea cucumbers (trepang), shark fins, and sea turtles are exported.
 HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS

1581: March - Arrival of the first Diminican in the Philippines.

1587: July 21 - Arrival of Miguel de Benavides with the second batch of Dominicans in the Province of
the Most Holy Rosary of the Philippines

1593: Dominicans pioneer printing in the Philippines by producing through the old technique of
xylography

1602: Fray Blancas de San Jose, O.P. together with Tomas Pinpin succeeds in making typographic
printing through movable type.

1605: July 24 - Archbishop Miguel de Benavides bequeaths his library and a total amount of ₱1,500 for
the establishment of a seminary college.

1609: The Dominicans granted permission to open a seminary-college by Philip III of Spain.Philip III
issues a royal cedula requesting from Governor Juan de Silva and the Real Audiencia a report on the
projected college

1611: Philip III's permission arrives in Manila.

April 28 - Act of Foundation for the establishment of a seminary-college signed.

1612: Fr. Domingo Gonzalez, O.P. appointed to work on the completion of the organization of the
college.The Seminary-College opens as the Colegio de Nuestra Senora del Rosario

1619: June 29 - The Colegio given authorization to confer academic degrees in Theology and Philosophy
by the Holy See.Governor Alonso Fajardo de Entenza recognizes the Dominican Colegio.

1617: The College renamed as the Colegio de Santo Tomas

1624: The Faculties of Philosophy and Theology implemented by the royal order of Philip IV of Spain.

1625:Tomas Pinpin's printing press settles at the Colegio .

1645: November 20 - Pope Innocent X raises the College into the status of a University upon petition
of King Philip IV of Spain. The Master General of the Dominican Order assumes the power of appointing
the Rector Magnificus of Santo Tomas by virtue of the permission granted by Pope Innocent X.

1680: May 12 - King Charles II of Spain extends Royal Patronage to the University.

1734: September 2 - The Faculties of Civil Law and Canon Law established by virtue of a royal cedula of
Charles II of Spain.

1762: Rector Fr. Domingo Collantes organizes four companies of university students to help in the
defense of the city against the British Invasion of Manila.
1768: May 17 - Royal decree banishing the Society of Jesus from Spain and the Spanish dominions
reaches Manila.

1769: The closure of the Jesuit Universidad de San Ignacio leaves the University as the only institution
of higher learning in the colony.

1773: July21- Clement XIV suppresses the Society of Jesus in his papal brief Dominus ac Redemptor.

1781: Charles III of Spain authorizes the University to prepare its own statutes, independent of those of
the University of Mexico.

1785: March 7 - Charles III grants the University the title of Very Loyal.

May 20 - The University granted the officially granted the title Royal by Charles III.

1865: Isabel II of Spain declares the University of Santo Tomas as the center for public education
throughout the Philippines.

1870: The University of Santo Tomas taken over by the Colonial Government and renamed as
Universidad de Filipinas by virtue of an edict issued by Segismundo Moret.

1871: May - Faculties of Medicine and Pharmacy established as the first schools of medicine and
pharmacy in the Philippines .

1874: The School of Notaries established by royal order of Alfonso XII.

1875: October 29 - The Hospicio de San Juan de Dios becomes the clinical training institution for medical
students of the Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of the University by virtue of royal order of King
Alfonso XII.

1879:School of Midwifery opened.

1878: December - Rector Fr. Joaquin Fonseca, O.P. conceives the idea of erecting a monument in honor
of University Founder Archbishop Miguel de Benavides .

1887: March 23 - Prof. Mariano Marti, M.D. establishes residency and Externship programs at the
Hospicio de San Juan de Dios.

1895: The defunct Jesuit Universidad de San Ignacio incorporated into the Faculty of Medicine and
Pharmacy of the University .

1898: The University closes its doors due to the Philippine Revolution and the Spanish–American War.

1902: September 17 - Pope Leo XIII bestows upon the University the title of Pontifical.

1907: May 18 - Faculty of Engineering established as the first engineering school in the Philippines.

1911: December 16 - Tricentennial Celebration of the University.

December 20 - The laying of the cornerstone of a new building of the University in Sampaloc.

1924: The Faculty of Pharmacy opened to women enrollees.

1925: English replaces Spanish as medium of instruction.

June - The College of Education established at the Intramuros Campus.

1926: January - The College of Science of the University officially established.Faculty of Philosophy
and Letters becomes co-educational.

1927: July 5 - First Classes held at the University Sampaloc Campus.

1928: January 16 - The Varsitarian, the official student publication of the University, officially organized.

1932: College of Commerce and the Faculty of Medicine also becomes co-educational.August 22 The
University Gymnasium officially inaugurated by Governor Theodore Roosevelt Jr.

1933: March 7 - UST Swimming Pool, the first Olympic-size swimming pool in the country, opened to
the students by Senate President Manuel Quezon.

1941: December 8 - Start of the Japanese invasion of the Philippines

 December 26 - Manila declared an open city

1942: January 2 - Japanese Forces occupy Manila

January 4- Japanese forces converts the University Campus at Sampaloc into an internment camp.

1944: February 8- Arson was created to the original campus at Intramuros by the Japanese forces
.

1945: February 3 - American Liberation of the Santo Tomas Internment Camp.

1946: The University reopens at the Sampaloc Campus.

March 7 - UST Hospital formally opened.

November 13 - The Benavides Monument re-erected at the University Campus in Sampaloc.

1947: April 30 - Pope Pius XII bestows to the University the title The Catholic University of the
Philippines.

1949: December 20 - The University lot in Intramuros sold to the Philippine American Life Insurance Co.

1953: July - Completion of the installation of Francesco Monti's statues atop the Main Building.

1956: December 16 - The University radio station DZST begins operation.

1961: Semiseptcentennial celebration of the University.

July 18 - The Spanish Government grants the Blue Ribbon of The Civil Order of Alfonso X el Sabio
to the University.

1966: March 6 - Formal inauguration of the University Hospital Clinical Division.

1970: November 28 - Pope Paul VI visits the University.

1971: October 9 - Leonardo Legaspi, O.P., elected as the first Filipino Rector Magnificus of the University

1977: January - Mother Teresa of Calcutta visits the University.

January - The Pautakan Contest officially organized by The Varsitarian.

1981: February 18 - Pope John Paul II visits the University .

June 12 - The Student's Democratic Party established as the first student political party in the
Philippines.

1991: December 19 - First Paskuhan Celebration.

1992: February 1 - The University of Santo Tomas (UST) Singers officially organized.

1993 : UST Press renamed as UST Publishing House.

1995: January 13 - Second Papal visit of Pope John Paul II to the University.

2002: June 14 - First Thomasian Welcome Walk held.

2004: 10 November 10 - The Alfredo M. Velayo College of Accountancy formally established.

2006: April 26 - The Institute of Tourism and Hospitality Management officially separated from the
College of Education.

2009: December 18 - Quadricentennial countdown to 2011 launched during the Paskuhan Celebration.

2010: January - Simbahayan 400, the Quadricentennial's "centerpiece project", officially launched.

January 25 - The University Main Building, Central Seminary, Arch of the Centuries, and
Grandstand with Open Spaces officially declared as National Cultural Treasures by the National
Museum of the Philippines.

May 24 - The University of Santo Tomas campus officially declared as a National Historical
Landmark by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines.
 June 17 - The Lumina Pandit exhibit launched.

2011: January 21 - Commemorative 200-peso bills with the UST Quadricentennial logo issued by the
Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas.

January 24 - Opening of the Jubilee Door.

January 27 - Unveiling of the Quattromondial and the formal opening of the Quadricentennial
celebrations.

September 21 - Quadricentennial exhibit at the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and

Cultural Organization (Unesco) Headquarters in Paris officially launched.

2012: January 27 - Neo-Centennial Celebrations officially launched.

June 11 - Mahathir Mohamad, former Malaysian Prime Minister, conferred with the title
Honorary Professor.

July 6 - Queen Sofía of Spain visits the University.

November 26 - Lech Walesa, former Prime Minister of Poland and Nobel Laureate, conferred
with the title Honorary Professor.

2015: January 18 - Pope Francis visits the University.

 HISTORY OF IGLESIA NI CRISTO

The Iglesia Ni Cristo was preached by Brother Felix Y. Manalo, God’s Messenger in these
last days, and was registered in the Philippines on July 27, 1914.From its first local congregation
in Punta, Sta. Ana, Manila, the Church quickly spread not only throughout the metropolis but
also to the neighboring provinces in Luzon and across the islands of Visayas and
Mindanao.When Brother Felix Manalo was laid to rest in April 1963, the Church had already
established ecclesiastical districts in more than half of all the provinces in the country.

In 1968, the Church, led by Brother Eraño G. Manalo, the Executive Minister then,
successively established the first two local congregations outside the Philippines—Honolulu,
Hawaii and San Francisco, California in the USA.Thus began the Church’s expansion in the Far
West and eventually around the world.

From then up to the end of the ‘70s, the Church went on to spread throughout the
continents of North America (establishing local congregations and group worship services
[GWS] in other states and territories, such as New York and Guam in 1969, and Canada in 1971);
Europe (the first local congregation, London [now Battersea], was established in 1972);
Australia, mid-‘70s; Asia (China, by way of Hong Kong in 1974; Thailand in 1976; and Japan in
1977); and Africa (Nigeria and South Africa in 1978). By the end of the ‘80s, there were local
congregations and GWS in the Scandinavian countries and their neighbors.

The first local congregation in Latin America was established in Guantanamo Bay, Cuba
in 1990. Congregations were also established in world cities that are of great relevance to the
history of Christianity— Rome, Italy on July 27, 1994; Jerusalem, Israel on March 31, 1996; and
Athens, Greece on May 10, 1997. At the dawn of the new millenium, the Church’s mission
reached South America with the establishment of GWS in Brazil and Peru. Before Brother Eraño
was laid to rest on August 31, 2009, the Church had been spreading continuously in different
parts of the world.

Through the leadership of its present Executive Minister, Brother Eduardo V. Manalo,
the Church continues to progress and succeed. Its membership has been constantly
increasing.Thousands of ministers and Church officers are being added worldwide. The
construction and renovation of houses of worship, Church edifices, and other structures also
continue, not only in the Philippines but also in other countries. The houses of worship in
Washington, DC; Barcelona, Spain; and Amsterdam, The Netherlands are just a few of those
outside the Philippines that were dedicated to God in recent years, thus strengthening the
Church’s presence in other countries worldwide.

On July 21, 2014, the Iglesia Ni Cristo inaugurated the Philippine Arena, currently the
world’s “largest mixed-use indoor theatre.” This megastructure that sits in Ciudad de Victoria,
Bocaue, Bulacan was the venue of the Church’s centennial celebration held on July 27, 2014,
which was attended by millions of its members from all over the world.The Iglesia Ni Cristo has
an international membership comprising more than 130 racial and ethnic backgrounds.It
maintains nearly 7,000 congregations and missions grouped into more than 150 ecclesiastical
districts in 150 countries and territories in the six inhabited continents of the world.

The Iglesia Ni Cristo believes that it is the one true church founded by Jesus Christ and
was restored by Felix Manalo in the last days. They believe that the first century church
apostasized in that century, or in the 4th century due to false teachings. INC says that this
apostate church is the Roman Catholic Church.
 HISTORY OF SAN MIGUEL CORPORATION
San Miguel Corporation's commitment to bring quality products to each and every
Filipino home has brought together well-loved brands that make everyday life a celebration.
No other company in Philippine history has developed such a rich and diverse product portfolio
covering the beverage, food and packaging industries as San Miguel.

1890:
Don Enrique Ma Barretto de Ycaza establishes a brewery in Manila called La Fabrica de Cerveza
de San Miguel.
1913:
The brewery is incorporated.
1918:
Andrés Soriano y Roxas joins San Miguel, beginning the long-term, multigenerational
involvement of the Soriano family.
1922:
Company expands into nonalcoholic beverages with the opening of the Royal Soft Drinks Plant.
1925:
Production of ice cream begins at the Magnolia Ice Cream Plant.
1927:
San Miguel becomes the first non-U.S. national Coca-Cola bottler and distributor.
1963:
Company shortens its name to San Miguel Corporation.
1983:
Soriano family proxy fight leads to the purchase of a 19.5 percent stake in San Miguel by
Eduardo Cojuangco, Jr., a close associate of Philippine dictator Ferdinand Marcos.
1984:
Cojuangco assumes the chairmanship of San Miguel.
1986:
"People power" revolution forces Marcos to flee the country; Cojuangco is among those joining
him in exile; the new Philippine government sequesters 51.4 percent of the company shares;
Andrés Soriano III resumes the company chairmanship.
1987:
San Miguel purchases majority control of La Tondeña Distillers, Inc., the leading producer of
hard liquor in the Philippines.
1997:
San Miguel exchanges its 70 percent stake in Coca-Cola Bottlers Philippines, Inc. for a 25
percent interest in the Australian firm Coca-Cola Amatil Limited (CCA).
1998:
Cojuangco returns to the chairmanship following the election of Joseph Estrada to the
Philippine presidency.
2001:
Pure Foods Corporation, producer of processed meats and flour, is acquired; San Miguel joins
forces with the Coca-Cola Company to reacquire Coca-Cola Bottlers Philippines, relinquishing
its stake in CCA as part of the deal.
2002:
The company acquires Cosmos Bottling Corporation; Kirin Brewery Company, Limited acquires
a 15 percent stake in San Miguel.
2003:
Litigation continues over the 47 percent of the company shares still sequestered by the
government.
 BIOGRAPHY OF PROMINENT FILIPINO

The measure of greatness of the man who made millions of Filipinos laugh can’t be
measured by a National Artist Award conferred by a committee and anointed by Malacañang.
Indeed Dolphy’s significance as a national treasure transcended any award from men or laws.

A true-blooded Manileño, Rodolfo Vera Quizon, Jr. was born on the 25th of 1928 in
Tondo, Manila as the second of 10 children of Melencio Quizon, a ship mechanic, and Salud Vera
Quizon, a tailor.Recollections of his boyhood were filled with memories of variety shows at Life
and Avenue theaters, yet the skinny and asthmatic Dolphy would confess later that his initial
dream was to join the US Navy.The gangly teenager did odd jobs as a shoeshine boy, factory
helper, porter, and calesa driver while watching the then very popular vaudeville shows. He also
frequented the at Life and Avenue theaters watching vaudeville shows while selling peanuts.

Dolphy started his career at age 16 as a chorus boy. He adopted the name Golay and
often performed with big stars of the era that include Fernando Poe, Sr., Bayani Casimiro, and
the comedy duo Pugo and Tugo. It was World War II. His comic tandem with Panchito began
during their stints in the radio.In 1952, Sampaguita Pictures paid him P1,000.00 per movie as he
debuted in the big screen which starred the love team of Pancho Magalona and Tita Duran. In
1954, he made the first of many gay roles in “Jack and Jill”, an adaptation of a Mars Ravelo komiks
serial.After his contract with Sampaguita expired in 1964, Dolphy at age 36 ventured on the
television industry. His first project for ABS-CBN was “Buhay Artista”, which became a Sunday
evening hit for eight years. It starred Dolphy, Panchito, Ading Fernando, and Dolphy’s vaudeville
colleagues Teroy de Guzman, Babalu, and Bayani Casimiro.

In 1965, Dolphy put up his own film company, RVQ Productions, whose first venture
was a movie version of “Buhay Artista”. He scored one of his biggest box-office hits as actor and
producer in 1969 with “Pacifica Falayfay”.In 1973, Dolphy transferred to RPN Channel 9 where
Ading Fernando created the sitcom “John en Marsha”. It starred Dolphy as the poor but
principled John Puruntong who married a rich woman’s daughter, Nida Blanca’s Marsha, but
refused any financial help from his mother-in-law, Doña Delilah, portrayed by Dely Atay-Atayan.
“John en Marsha” ran for a record 17 straight years until 1990. In 1978 Dolphy starred in the Lino
Brocka drama “Ang Tatay Kong Nanay” as a gay parent to child wonder Niño Muhlach.

Dolphy lived a colorful personal life. He never married but fathered 18 children by six
different women, all of whom he supported financially. Certainly, Dolphy’s greatest love was Zsa
Zsa Padilla, the singer and actress 36 years younger, who had been his devoted partner in the last
22 years of his life.In November 2010, Pres. Noynoy Aquino bestowed the Grand Collar of the
Order of the Golden Heart on Dolphy, the highest honor given to a private citizen by the President
of the Philippines. His peers believed he deserved to be named National Artist in his lifetime and
nominated him twice during the term of Pres. Arroyo.On July 10, 2012 Dolphy died at 8:34 p.m.
at the Makati Medical Center due to complications from pneumonia, 15 days shy of his 84th
birthday, ending a career spanned six decades and 13 Presidents from Jose P. Laurel to Noynoy
Aquino, and encompassing the vaudeville stage, radio, movies, and television.
PHILIPPINE HISTORICAL HERITAGE SITES