-CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

People take medicines in every pain they feel without thinking what the side effects of

these medicines.

In tropical countries like Philippines, people are prone to illness like cough because

weather is periodically changing and children are prone to cough. However, children are

inconvincible when it comes to medication because common medicines of cough in liquid tastes

bitter, sour, and the like.

Cough is a common reflex action that clears the throat of mucus or foreign irritants. The

most common cause of a cough is a respiratory tract infection, such as cold or flu depends on the

weather. The researchers came up with this study because there are children who are taking up

pharmaceutical medicines for cough, such as Carbocisteine solmux which is one of the common

medicines for cough.

According to Dr. Helen Huins (2017), the most common adverse effects of Carbocisteine

solmux especially to children include diarrhea, gastric discomfort, nausea, headache, and skin rash

have occasionally occurred. Other isolated reports include insomnia, palpitations and swelling of

the face or lips. But theses side effects of Carbocisteine solmux occurs only rarely but often with

children.
 Herbal plants are good for medicinal purposes. And this natural herbal medicine can have

fewer side effects and generally cost less from commercialize drugs. And this will be the process

of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) plant as the main idea of the researchers to improve the primitive way

of using this as medical herb. And basically, children nowadays are prefer so much candies, so the

researchers find out solution for the easily medication for children in terms of cough.

Vitex negundo (Lagundi) is wild shrub that grows in the Philippines. This plant is easily

recognizable because of its leaf, which is made up of five smaller leaflets. The use of Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) for medicinal purposes has a long history in the Philippines and is used for centuries.

Time was when a simple home remedy for the common cough was an herbal tea produced by

boiling fresh picked leaves of Vitex negundo (Lagundi). The practice come a long way since then.

Today, plant-based medicine, called phytomedicine, goes beyond by just boiling leaves.

It has been effectively used as an herbal medicine in treating cough and colds and in

relieving asthma, rheumatism and even skin diseases like boils. Sore throat and light cough could

be really annoying. Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves contain anti-inflammatory properties as well

as anti-histamine and expectorant that is great for respiratory problems such as cough and sore

throat.

In this context, the researchers aim to formulate a mint candy for cough using the Vitex

negundo (Lagundi) extracts for children, because Vitex negundo (Lagundi) has been effectively

used as an herbal medicine in treating cough. Mint candy because mint produces a cooling

sensation in mouth, may soothe an uncomfortable sore throat, and it stimulates nerves that

sense cold temperatures, which is the cause of having a cough. And aside from the common

medicines for cough, the Vitex negundo (Lagundi) mint candy have advantages over the liquid
pharmaceutical medicines in terms of taste, odor, and appearance that will be convincible and

easily to children’s medication for cough.

Conceptual Framework

This study comprises of production of mint candy from Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts.

The Input refers to the Vitex negundo (Lagundi) which is the Treatment 1. Meanwhile the Output

refers to Vitex negundo (Lagundi) as Mint Candy that was tested by the impacts to the respondents,

effects of the product that will compare and see the significant differences from the Control group

which is the Carbocisteine solmux. The first procedure listed was the collection of Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) leaves, then wash the leaves of extraction of juices, then mixed all the ingredients for

the production of mint candies. After producing products, the packaging of Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) as mint candy for cough. Then, observation to the respondents will take place. The

conceptual framework is shown in the research paradigm using the INPUT-PROCESS-OUTPUT

Model.

Research Paradigm

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

 Collection
 Extraction
 Mixing
 Vitex negundo Vitex negundo
(Lagundi)  Production
(Lagundi) as Mint
 Packaging
→ Leaves Candy
 Observation
 Computation

Objectives of the Study

 This study aimed to produce mint candy with Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as the main

ingredient which could be used as medicine for cough.

The study objectives include:

1. The impacts to the respondents in the usage of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as mint

candy for cough.

2. There is a significant effects of mint candy with the use of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts

for cough.

3. There is a significant difference between Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as Mint Candy

and the pharmaceutical medicine which is the Carbocisteine Solmux in terms of curing

system for cough.

Research Hypothesis

The following null hypothesis will be tested at 0.05 level of significance for the

study:

1. Ho2: There is no significant difference between Vitex negundo (Lagundi) as Mint Candy

and Carbocisteine Solmux in terms of curing system of cough.

Significance of the Study

Medicinal herbs have been the Filipino’s inexpensive treatments for a variety of illnesses.

One of these medicinal herbs is the Vitex negundo (Lagundi). Vitex negundo (Lagundi) is a famous

herbal medicine in the Philippines because it has been widely used as a cure for coughs, not only

for children but also for adults.

 This study will be of significance to children; A mint candy from Vitex negundo (Lagundi)

extracts, it can be of great help for no longer have hard headed children in terms of medication for

cough because of its convincible taste and at the same time the healthy properties that they get

from the herbal plant. They would prefer the Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts mint candy as

medicine for cough because of the taste rather than the pharmaceutical liquid medicines tastes biter

or sour.

And most important, this is a big help to parents for medication of their children using Vitex

negundo (Lagundi) extracts mint candy as medicine for cough, the medication process will be

easier in terms of giving medicine for their children because children like candies and of course

parents will also make Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as mint candy at home easily, preserve it

and this is attainable and affordable.

Future Researchers: This study will serve as their basis and reference for their study.

Scope and Delimitation

The study was primarily concerned with the production of mint candy using Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) extracts as medicine for cough. It was the processed as Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts

as mint candy to improve the primitive way of using this as medical herb. It will determine the

effects of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as Mint Candy. Also, the difference of the Vitex

negundo (Lagundi) as Mint Candy and the pharmaceutical medicine which is the Carbocisteine

solmux in terms of curing system of cough.

In addition, the study determined the observations of children’s parents which are the

respondents of the study in the usage of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) as Mint Candy in one week. And
parents took down their observations what are the impacts to the respondents of Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) extracts as Mint Candy by taking the said products.

Definition of Terms

Carbocisteine solmux refers to the pharmaceutical drug or medicine for the relief of cough which

is the control group of the study.

Control group refers to the Carbocisteine solmux used as a standard of comparison in a controlled

experiment for the study.

Effects refer to the effectiveness of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as mint candy for cough.

Extracts refer to the juices remove from the Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves that will be used in

formulating a mint candy as medicine for cough.

Herbal plant refers to a medicinal plant that has similar properties as conventional pharmaceutical

drugs but made out of a plant and natural process.

Impacts refer to the good or bad impacts to the respondents in the usage of Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) extracts as mint candy for cough.

Medicine refers to the treatment or prevention of disease; it can be in capsule, liquid or in tablets.

Mint candy refers to a candy that is flavored with mint oil and flavored by the extracts of Vitex

negundo (Lagundi) leaves as medicine for cough.

Pharmaceutical Medicine refers to a medicine that is produced in a laboratory to cure or help an

illness.

Respondents refer to the children of Brgy. Magacan, Centro-1, and Centro-2, Sanchez Mira,

Cagayan with the same class of cough.

Vitex negundo (Lagundi) refers to the five smaller leaflets. It has been effectively used as an

herbal medicine in treating cough and colds and in relieving asthma, rheumatism and even skin

diseases like boils.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Vitex negundo (Lagundi) is a large aromatic shrub or sometimes a smaller slender tree with

quadrangular, densely whitish tomentose branchlets up to 4.5-5.5 meters in height. The plant is

used in a variety of means throughout its distribution points as an astringent, cephalic, stomachic,

antiseptic, alterant, thermogenic, depurative, rejuvenating, ophthalmic, anti-gonnorhoeic, anti-

inflammatory, antipyretic and useful in bronchitis, asthma, and the enlargement of the spleen. Its

roots are primarily used as a tonic, febrifuge, antirheumatic, diuretic, expectorant, and are useful

as a demulcent in dysentery, in cephalalgia, otalgia, colic, uropathy, wound and ulcers. The bark

is also useful in odontalgia, verminosis and opthalmopathy. The flowers are mainly used as an

astringent, carminative, hepatoprotective, digestive and are useful in hemorrhages and cardiac

disorders. The leaves are chiefly utilized as astringents, anodyne, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic

or febrifuge, tranquilizer, bronchial smooth muscle relaxant, anti-arthritic, antihelmintic and

vermifuge. The 8 leaves (leaf oil) are also reported to have repellent action against stored product

pests (Tandon, 2005).

Vitex negundo (Lagundi) is a large aromatic shrub or small slender tree of about 3 meters

in height with quadrangular branches. It is mostly found in moist areas, scattered all throughout

Mediterranean countries and Central Asia. It is a plant of the Verbenaceae family and is commonly

known as five leaved chaste trees. The plant is found throughout India, Ceylon- Afghanistan,

tropical Africa, Madagascar, China and Philippines (Kirtikar and Basu, 2008). The plant occurs in

Bengal, Southern India and Burma also (Nadkarni, 2002). It is common in waste places around

villages, river banks, and moist localities and in the deciduous forests (Sharma et al., 2005).
 Vitex negundo (Lagundi) is one of the ten medicinal plants being promoted by the

Department of Health due to its antitussive and anti-inflammatory properties. It is a member of the

family Verbenaceae, alongside other economically and medically important plants such as alagaw

(Premnaodorata), lemon verbena (Lippia citriodorata) and common vervain or “mosquito plant”

(Verbenaofficinalis). It is an erect, branched shrub with five-foliate, opposite-arranged leaves (Fig.

1). It is indigenous to China, India and Malay Peninsula. However, it is known to be widely

distributed in the Philippines, growing in low to medium altitudes and even in thickets and waste

places. The leaves, bark, roots, and seeds of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) have long been used in

traditional medicine to heal wounds, cleanse ulcers, prevent insect bites, treat snake bites, and

relieve rheumatism. Its oil has also been used to relieve sores and sinuses. Recent studies have

proven its antiseptic, antitussive, as well as its anti- inflammatory properties. It has been found to

have antibacterial effects against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus.

Other studies have also shown its efficacy in reducing coughing and relaxing the bronchial smooth

muscles (Galvez Tan 2010). These properties make it an effective drug for coughs and

bronchopulmonary disorders such as brochial asthma and acute bronchitis.

Vitex negundo (Lagundi) is credited with innumerable medicinal activities like analgesic,

anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, bronchial relaxant,hepatoprotective, etc. The

ethanolic extract of leaves has been found safe as LD50 dose (by oral route) of it was recorded in

non-toxic dose range. Larger trials are required to prove it’s all activities before it is recommended

in future for clinical use, but it carries a great potential to be developed as a drug by the

pharmaceutical industry. In this paper general medicinal uses and pharmacological activities of

various parts of the plant have been reviewed.

 Vitex negundo (Lagundi) has been reported to have various advantageous uses, and

therefore, this has pushed scientists and researchers to test and further explore the capabilities of

this plant. Anti-cancer potential was tested by Diaz et al. (2003), on the cytotoxicity of flavones

isolated from the chloroform extract of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves. Vitexicarpin, a flavone

was investigated for its cytotoxic action in human cancer cell line. Antimicrobial capabilities were

also evaluated. Rideout et al. (1999) reported antibacterial & antifungal activity of Vitexilactone

& Casticin from the chloroform extract of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves against Staphylococcus

aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger using agar plate method.

Alagarsamy et al. (1999) reported antibacterial & antifungal activity of Vitex negundo (Lagundi)

leaves.

Antibacterial & antifungal activity of chloroform, methanol and water extracts were

evaluated by Agar cup plate method at concentrations of 10 mg/ml, 20 mg/ml and 30 mg/ml against

E.coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus & Candida albicans 9 employing co-trimoxazole & amphotericin

as a reference standards for said screenings. Rana & Dayal (2003) and Kaushik et al. (2003)

reported anti-microbial activity of hexane and methanolic extracts of Vitex negundo (Lagundi)

leaves. The extracts were active against Mycogene perniciosa, Rhizoctonia solani, Bacillus

megaterium, Pseudomonasa fluorescens, Staphylococcus species and Xanthomonas species.

Benefits of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) Plants and Nutritional Value of Lagundi Leaves

For kidney trouble

 One of the reasons why Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves became famous is due to its

antioxidant properties. Furthermore, this plant is also packed with certain vitamins and minerals

that bring a lot of benefits to human. Below is the list of health benefits of Vitex negundo (Lagundi)

leaves for those who are not really familiar with this herbal plant.

Excellent for Asthma

Asthma is a condition that you cannot fully cured by there are some herbal remedies that

are proven to be effective in dealing with the symptoms of asthma and Vitex negundo (Lagundi)

leaves are among the highly recommended herbal plants. To treat asthma, you cannot just take it

in one time but you should take it regularly at least a cup of herbal tea made from Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) leaves is highly recommended to help relieving the asthma.

Cough Relieving

Sore throat and light cough could be really annoying. Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves

contain anti-inflammatory properties as well as anti-histamine and expectorant that is great for

respiratory problems such as cough and sore throat. For optimal result you could add Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) leaves tea to your daily diet because you could take it at least one cup up to three cup a

day for cough relieving. However, to treat fever you need more dosage such as a cup of Vitex

negundo (Lagundi) leaves tea in every three hours.

Relieving Itchy Skin

 Itchy skin could be caused by various factors and Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves are

effective remedy to relieve the symptoms because Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves contain anti-

inflammatory properties along with some anti-bacterial agents, anti-septic properties and the

cooling effect will do the wonder to the itchy skin. Furthermore about the health benefits of Vitex

negundo (Lagundi) leaves is that this herbal plant is also excellent to treat itchy skin caused by

insect bites.

Promote Healthy Skin

For you who have problems with dull skin or acne, Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves are

also effective to deal with those conditions. Just applying the crushed Vitex negundo (Lagundi)

leaves to infected area could cure acnes naturally and while adding Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves

to your bathing water will help improving and smoothing your skin so no more dull skin.

Natural Pain Relief

Some studies have stated that Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves contain analgesic and anti-

inflammatory properties. Those combinations make Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves one of the

powerful pain relievers. Some people with rheumatism has claimed that this herbal plant is actually

natural remedy to their pain. Furthermore, the locals have been using Vitex negundo (Lagundi)

leaves to treat headache as well due to the analgesic properties found in the leaves which are quite

potent.

Treat Digestive Problems

 When talking about digestive problems the list could be endless such as constipation

and how to prevent diarrhea. Well, Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves have been well known to be

excellent solution to treat some digestive problems because it contains some active compound such

as anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties to help dealing with some digestive problems.

Potential Anti-Cancer Properties

From the Journal of Natural Product published in 2003, Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves are

among the herbal plant that considered having potential anti-cancer properties though of course

further studies are strongly required to support the claim.

Tonic for Liver

Some scientific studies have found that Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves contain specific

compound well known to have hepatoprotective effects which could be used as tonic for liver.

Though the main function of liver is to eliminating the toxins from your body but still detoxifying

it regularly is still required to maintain its health and optimal function. Surely you know about

the health benefits of tea for liver and tea made from Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves are one that

is highly recommended.

Vitex negundo (Lagundi) Anti Inflamatory Activity

The Indian Journal of Medical Research. (2006 Oct) published a study on Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) Linn leaf extract health benefit as an adjuvant therapy to standard anti-inflammatory

drugs. This was done in lab mice by inducing inflammation and subjecting to anti-inflamatory

drugs together with orally administered Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts. The results suggests

that VN has a positve effect as adjutant for anti-inflammatory drugs ibuprofen and phenlbutazone.
Vitex negundo (Lagundi) has Brochodilator Activity. Health Benefits for Asthma Confrimed

According to Pharmaceutical Biology (2015 Mar) a study .That examines the

bronchodilator activity of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) as claimed in traditional medicine. The

underlying mechanisms were studied in isolated guinea pig tracheal strips, suspended in organ

baths at 37 °C and was subjected to VN extract. Results suggest that Vitex negundo (Lagundi)

extracts possesses a combination of papaverine-like PDE inhibitor and diltiazem-like Ca(++) entry

blocking constituents, which partly explain its bronchodilatory effect, thus validating its medicinal

importance in asthma.

Cytotoxic flavone analogues of Vitexicarpin, a constituent of the leaves of Vitex negundo

Bioassay-guided fractionation of the chloroform-soluble extract of the leaves of Vitex

negundo (Lagundi) led to the isolation of the known flavone vitexicarpin, this substance exhibited

broad cytotoxicity in a human cancer cell line panel. This finding suggests the potential anti-cancer

activity of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extract and can further investigation may be done.

Source: Journal of Natural Products. (2003 Jun)

Vitex negundo (Lagundi) Preparation and Use Lagundi / Vitex negundo topical paste. Used as anti-

inflammation and analgesic in cases of rehumatism, arthritis, muscle pains, headache and fever. The paste

is prepared by pounding Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves and heating to warm then apply to affected area

until condition improves.

Lagundi / Vitex negundo decoction and Tea. Used for washing wounds, vaginal douche, for

gargling to treat mouth sores and sore throat and as bronchodilator in cases of coughs and asthma.
Mix one cup of cut fresh leaves and flowers to 2 cups of water. Boil for 10 minutes. Let it steep

and strain the solid parts. Tea: take 1/2 cup, three times a day until condition improve.

Lagundi Oil. The Vitex negundo (Lagundi) oil can be extracted by distillation or a

commercial grade can be bought in herbs stores or online shops. An Amazon listed Pure Nirgundi

Oil 30ml -Vitex Negundo Linn. Is an example and can be used in combination with other carrier

oils.

Vitex negundo (Lagundi) Warning, Side Effects and Reference. Lagundi use is widely

acceptable as safe for use for children and adults and no adverse reaction has been reported.

However, moderate use is recommended for pregnant women, and treatment should not exceed

one week. If symptoms persist and irritation occurs, stop the use and consult your doctor.

Mint Candy

Menthol is widely used in a variety of commercial products and foods, but its clinical

pharmacology is not well studied. To determine the disposition kinetics and to examine subjective

and cardiovascular effects of menthol, we conducted a crossover placebo‐controlled study that

compared pure menthol versus placebo, along with an uncontrolled exposure to menthol in food

or beverage. A novel assay for the measurement of menthol in biological fluids was also

developed. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1999)

Benefits of Mint Candy

One of the most common uses for peppermint oil is as a flavoring for various types of

candies, including mints, candy canes, peppermint sticks and chocolate confections. Ancient
Egyptians used the peppermint plant as a medicinal herb, but an English botanist who found the

peppery mint growing in a field first described it in 1696. Peppermint has been cultivated for its

essential oil since the 1700s, and today the United States provides 75 percent of the world's fresh

peppermint. Oil from the peppermint plant contains menthol, a pharmacologically important

substance with multiple health benefits, according to Harvard Health Publications.

Gastrointestinal Benefits

After-dinner mints are popular not only because of the flavor, but because peppermint

consumed after a meal can reduce gas and help with digestion. The cooling menthol in peppermint

oil stimulates the stomach lining and eases stomach pain, so sucking peppermint candy may calm

your upset stomach. If your symptoms of indigestion are related to gastroesophageal reflux disease,

or GERD, peppermint products should not be used. Peppermint oil should never be given to infants

or children. Candy made from peppermint oil is sometimes used to treat sea- and motion sickness,

as it can numb the stomach wall and alleviate nausea and vomiting. Although peppermint candy

may ease nausea from morning sickness during pregnancy, the Encyclopedia of Alternative

Medicine warns that women who have miscarried in the past should limit their use of peppermint

because large amounts may trigger a miscarriage. Women who are breastfeeding their infants

should not use or consume products containing peppermint oil.

Respiratory Relief

The menthol in peppermint tea and candy may increase saliva production, which leads to

swallowing and suppression of the reflex that causes coughs. Menthol can also act as a potent

decongestant and can clear a stuffy nose and make it easier to breathe. Peppermint works as an

expectorant because menthol thins mucus, loosens phlegm and breaks up coughs. Large doses of
peppermint oil may be toxic, and pure menthol, which is poisonous, should never be ingested. Do

not to confuse oil with tincture formulations.

Pain Relief

Peppermint-flavored candy can be used to dull some aches and pains. It may inhibit nerves

that react to painful stimuli, and although this is temporary, you may enjoy a brief respite from an

irritating cough or aching muscles. The menthol in peppermint candy, mints or gum produces a

cooling sensation in your mouth because it stimulates nerves that sense cold temperatures, so

sucking on peppermint candy may soothe an uncomfortable sore throat.

Tension Relief

Peppermint is a soothing herb that contains properties to help calm muscle spasms or

cramps. Peppermint candy not only tastes good, but it can have both a relaxing or invigorating

effect, depending on when you use it, according to the Farmers’ Almanac. (Harvard Health

Publications: Health Benefits of Peppermint Candy)

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY AND PROCEDURES

This chapter presents the research methods and procedures that will be utilized in the study.

It includes the research design, locale of the study, the respondents and sampling procedure,
research instruments, the data gathering procedure, and the statistical treatment will be used in the

study.

Research Design

Quantitative type of research was used in the study. The researchers used the Quasi-

Experimental Design to determine the effectiveness of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as mint

candy for cough. Quasi-Experimental Design because because the treatment and control group

may not be comparable in terms of curing system of cough. The respondents have the same chance

of being assigned to the Treatment 1 which is the Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as mint candy

or the comparison group, the Carbocisteine solmux which is the Control group of the study. The

researchers used the descriptive-survey method in the conduct of the study because it will not make

an accurate prediction on what will be the effect of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) mint candy for cough.

The research used purposive design and composed of biased samples (convenience and

voluntary response sample). The treatment was the INPUT, the Treatment 1 which is the Vitex

negundo (Lagundi) extracts as mint candy and the Control which is the commercialize medicine,

the Carbocisteine solmux. The purpose of this design of the research determined the differences

of the treatment and the control.

Table 1.0. The experimental layout of the CRD

Respondents Group 1 Respondents Group 2

Treatment 1 Treatment 2(Control)
R1 R1T1 R11 R11T2
R2 R2T1 R12 R12T2
R3 R3T1 R13 R13T2
R4 R4T1 R14 R14T2
R5 R5T1 R15 R15T2
 R6 R6T1 R16 R16T2
R7 R7T1 R17 R17T2
R8 R8T1 R18 R18T2
R9 R9T1 R19 R19T2
R10 R10T1 R20 R20T2

Legends:

T1 – Treatment 1 T2 – Treatment 2(Control) R – Respondents

Locale of the Study

The study conducted at Brgy. Magacan, Centro 2, and Centro 1, Sanchez Mira, Cagayan.

Respondents and Sampling Procedures

The purposive samples gathered from the respondents at Brgy. Magacan, Centro-2, and

Centro-1, Sanchez Mira, Cagayan. The sectioning among respondents is done homogeneously.

There were 20 respondents needed to accomplish the experiment and the 20 respondents were

divided into 2 groups and named group 1 and group 2: Each group composed of 10 respondents

will use treatment 1 which is the Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as mint candy for cough and

the other 10 respondents used the control group medicine, the Carbocisteine solmux. Each group

results compared to determine the differences of the two treatments,impacts of Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) extracts mint candy as medicine for cough to the respondents, and its effects.

Research Instruments

The most common instrument needed in the study is the survey questionnaire. And aside

from questionnaire. In addition, a face to face interview to the parents’ respondents was done to

elicit more reliable data and to enrich the study.

 The material needed in collecting the data for the Taste, Smell and Effectiveness of the

product is by utilizing the 3-point likert scale questionnaires. Each scaling questionnaires

distributed to the 20 subjects as they assess the terms and observed.

Materials of the Study

The following ingredients will be used in the study are:

 Corn syrup

 Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves extracts

 Peppermint oil

 Food coloring

 Honey or Granulated sugar

The materials that will be used in making the mint candy are listed below:

 Blender

 Measuring cups and spoons

 Electric Beater

 Candy Molders

 Sifter

 Bowls

Treatments of the Study:

 T1- Vitex negundo (Lagundi) mint candy

  T2- Carbocisteine solmux (Control)

Table 2.0. The 5-point likert scale that will be used in gathering the data

Terms Scale 1 2 3 4 5
Smell Not Moderately Neutral Moderately Very
Pleasant Not Pleasant Pleasant Pleasant
Taste Not Moderately Neutral Moderately Very
Pleasing Not Pleasing Pleasing Pleasing
Effectiveness Not Moderately Neutral Moderately Very
Effective Not Effective Effective Effective

General Procedure:

Gather the needed ingredients for the product. First one was the gathered Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) leaves and washed it thoroughly. After the gathering, next was the extracted Vitex

negundo (Lagundi) leaves. Then, combined cornsyrup and honey together in a small bowl.

Add the extracts of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) leaves and beat until well combined. After that,

Add Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts ½ teaspoon at a time until the mixture reaches the

desired flavor. Stir in an additional small amount of sugar. Tint one portion pink, one green,

one blue and one yellow or different food coloring. Shaped into candy molders. Let candies

stand, uncovered, at room temperature several hours. Store in an airtight container. Lastly, the

packaging of the products.

Data Gathering Procedure

Permission to conduct the study, the researchers sought from Brgy. Captains of Magacan,

Centro-2, and Centro-1, Sanchez Mira, Cagayan, after which the same approval sought from the
parents of the respondents. Upon approval, the researchers gave the raters 1 week to observe the

effectiveness and effect/s of the product before assessing it.

The product rated by 20 respondents. 10 respondents treated using Treatment 1- Vitex

negundo (Lagundi) as mint candy and the other 10 respondents treated using Treatment 2 (Control)

- Carbocisteine solmux, respectively.

The raters and the researchers used the following factors and scale in assessing of the

produced Vitex negundo (Lagundi) as mint candy in terms of the following:

SMELL: the smell of the produced Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as mint candy used
rated using the 5-likert scale:

5- Very Pleasant

4- Moderately Pleasant

3- Neutral

2- Moderately Not Pleasant

1-Not Pleasant

TASTE: the taste of the produced Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as mint used rated

using the 5-likert scale:

5- Very Pleasing

4- Moderately Pleasing

3- Neutral

2- Moderately Not Pleasing

1- Not Pleasing
 EFFECTIVENESS: The effectiveness of the Vitex negudo (Lagundi) extracts as mint

candy used rated using 5- point likert scale:

5- Very Effective

4- Moderately Effective

3- Neutral

2- Moderately Not Effective

1- Not Effective

Statistical Treatment

To ensure systematic and objective presentation, analysis, and interpretation of research

data, the researchers used the following statistical treatment, the T-test and weighted mean applied.

Weighted mean. This study used to determine impacts to the respondents in the usage of

Vitex negundo (Lagundi) extracts as mint candy for cough.

The results described using a 5-point likert scale as follows:

Table 3.0 Smell of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) as mint Candy

Point Range Descriptive Value

5 4.21- 5.00 Very Pleasant
4 3.41- 4.20 Moderately Pleasant
3 2.61-3.40 Neutral
2 1.81-2.60 Moderately Not Pleasant
1 1.00-1.80 Not Pleasant
Table 4.0 Taste of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) as mint Candy

Point Range Descriptive Value

5 4.21-5.00 Very Pleasing
4 3.41-4.20 Moderately Pleasing
3 2.61-3.40 Neutral

2 1.81-2.60 Moderately Not Pleasing

1 1.00-1.80 Not Pleasing

Table 5.0 Effectiveness of Vitex negundo (Lagundi) as mint Candy

Point Range Descriptive Value

5 4.21- 5.00 Very Effective

4 3.41-4.20 Moderately Effective

2.61-3.40 Neutral
3
2 1.81-2.60 Moderately Not Effective
1 1.00-1.80 Not Effective

T-test. This was used to determine the significant difference between the Vitex negundo

(Lagundi) extracts as mint candy and the pharmaceutical medicine Carbociteine solmux in terms

of curing system of cough.