Circles

The Δ PQR is inscribed in the circle x2 + y2 = 25. If Q and R have coordinates (3, 4) and (-4, 3)
respectively, then ∠QPR is equal to
(IIT Previous Year)
A.

B.

C.

D.
Circles
Circles
Circles
Circle: Important Geometrical Properties
Circles
Circles
Circles
UNIT-WISE WEIGHTAGE - COORDINATE GEOMETRY
Circles

Home Assignment Problems

Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q1. A circle cuts a chord of length 4a on the x-axis and passes through
a point on the y-axis, distant 2b from the origin. Then the locus of the
centre of this circle, is:

A A hyperbola B an ellipse
C a straight line D a parabola JEE-Main 2019
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q2. If the circles x2 + y2 + 5Kx + 2y + K = 0 and 2(x2 + y2) + 2Kx + 3y - 1 = 0,

(K ∈ R), intersect at the points P and Q, then the line 4x + Sy - K = 0
passes through P and Q, for:

A infinitely many values of K B no value of K.

C exactly two values of K D exactly one value of K
JEE-Main 2019
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q3. Three circle is of radii a, b, c (a < b < c) touch each other externally.
If they have x-axis as a common tangent, then:

A B

C A, b, c are in A.P D are in A.P

JEE-Main 2019
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q4. Let C1 and C2 be the centres of the circles x2 + y2 - 2x - 2y - 2 = 0

and x2 + y2 - 6x - 6y + 14 = 0 respectively. If P and Q are the points of
intersection of these circles then, the area (in sq. units) of the
quadrilateral PC1QC2 is:

A 8 B 6 JEE-Main 2019

C 9 D 4
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q5. If the angle of intersection at a point where the two circles with
radii 5 cm and 12 cm intersect is 90°, then the length (in cm) of their
common chord is:
A 13/5 B 120/13
JEE-Main 2019
C 60/13 D 13/2
Circles
Topics Completed (45 Day Sprint):
1. Quadratic Equations (except Location of Roots)
2. Sequences and Progressions
3. Complex Numbers
4. Binomial Theorem
5. P&C and Probability
6. Matrices and Determinants
7. Straight Lines
8. Circles (today)

Next Topics:
1. Parabola - (Pulkit Sir) --- Fri
2. Ellipse & Hyperbola - (Pulkit Sir) --- Mon
3. Calculus - (Shimon Sir, IIT Madras, KVPY Scholar)
4. Vectors and 3D - (Pulkit Sir)
Circles
45 Day Sprint - Weekly Sunday Test

● Open for attempt - link in description

✅ Mock Test 1:
https://www.vedantu.com/contents/public/test/attempt/5dcfc383143c8037f6d7c3af

✅ Mock Test 2:
https://www.vedantu.com/contents/public/test/attempt/5dd7bc0def2c574ec2a02446
Circles
Circles
Circles
● Standard Equations of a Circle
● Intercepts made by a Circle
● Equations of Tangents
● Common Tangents of Circles
● Orthogonality of Two Circles
●
Circles
1. Definition and Standard Equations of a Circle
I. Central form of the Equation of a Circle
From the definition of a circle, we find the equation of its locus.
P(h, k)
r
(x1, y1)

This is called central form of circle with centre (x1, y1) and radius ‘r’.

Note
Circle with centre at (0, 0) and radius r is x2 + y2 = r2
Circles
Q. A circle touching the x-axis at (3, 0) and making an intercept
of length 8 on the y-axis passes through the point :
A (3, 10) B (3, 5)
C (2, 3) D (1, 5) JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Q. A circle touching the x-axis at (3, 0) and making an intercept
of length 8 on the y-axis passes through the point :
A (3, 10) B (3, 5)

C (2, 3) D (1, 5) JEE-Main 2019

A

3
M C
4

B
(3, 0)
Circles
Solution:

3
M C
4

B
(3, 0)
Circles
2. Definition and Standard Equations of a Circle
II. General form of the Equation of a circle

where ≡ and

This is called general form of equation of circle.

Circles
Q. If the area of an equilateral triangle inscribed in the circle, x2 + y2 +
10x + 12y + 5c = 0 is sq. units then c is equal to____.

(Numerical type) JEE-Main 2019

Circles
Solution:

30° r

(-5, -6)

Answer: c = 5
Circles
Q. The sum of the squares of the lengths of the chords intercepted on
the circle, x2 + y2 = 16, by the lines, x + y = n, n∊N, where N is the set of
all natural numbers, is:
A 320 B 105
C 160 D 210 JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Solution:
x+y=n
P

O Q
Circles
Solution:
x+y=n
P

O Q
Circles
Q2. The sum of the squares of the lengths of the chords intercepted on
the circle, x2 + y2 = 16, by the lines, x + y = n, n∊N, where N is the set of
all natural numbers, is:

A 320 B 105
JEE-Main 2019
C 160 D 210
Circles
3. Some Standard Notations
Notations
Any second degree equation in two variables, that is,
ax2 + 2hxy + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 will be represented as S = 0
As of now, that we are doing circles, so we have

1. S ≡ x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c
2. Consider a point (x1, y1). Value of S at (x1, y1) is represented by S1
that is, S1 = x12 + y12 + 2gx1 + 2fy1 + c
Circles
4. Position of a Line with respect to a Circle and Equations
of Tangents
For a given line and a circle, either
(a) line cuts the circle, or
(b) line touches the circle, or
(c) line does not meet the circle

In the section we will be studying their conditions.

No doubt, major focus will be (b), that is tangency condition.
Circles
Circles
Circles
Circles
Circles
Circles

3. Consider a point (x1, y1).

If we replace , , , , ,
in S, then we get T, that is

T
Circles
Circles
Various Equations of Tangents of a Circle
Slope form Tangent at a Point on Parametric form
a Circle
slope = m P(θ)
(x1, y1)

x 2 + y 2 = r2 x2 + y2 =
T=0 r2
T=0
⇒
Circles
Circles
Q. If a tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = 1 intersects the coordinate
axes at distinct points P and Q, then the locus of the midpoint of PQ is:

A x2 + y2 - 4x2y2 = 0 B x2 + y2 - 2xy = 0
2 2 2 2
C x + y - 16x y = 0 D x2 + y2 - 2x2y2 = 0
JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Q. If a tangent to the circle x2 + y2 = 1 intersects the coordinate
axes at distinct points P and Q, then the locus of the midpoint of PQ is:

A x2 + y2 - 4x2y2 = 0 B x2 + y2 - 2xy = 0
2 2 2 2
C x + y - 16x y = 0 D x2 + y2 - 2x2y2 = 0 JEE-Main 2019

Shortcut :)
Circles
Solution:
Circles
Q. The tangent and the normal lines at the point to the circle
x2 + y2 = 4 and the x-axis form a triangle. The area of this triangle
(in square units) is :

A B

C D JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Q. The tangent and the normal lines at the point to the circle
x2 + y2 = 4 and the x-axis form a triangle. The area of this triangle
(in square units) is :

A B
Shortcut :)
C D JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Solution:

O M

x2 + y2 = 4
Circles
Q. The line x = y touches a circle at the point (1, 1). If the circle also
passes through the point (1, -3), and its radius is k√2 then k = ____.
(Numerical type) JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Solution:

(1, -3)

(1, 1) y=x

Answer: k = 2
Circles
5. Common Tangents
In this topic, we will try to observe the number of common tangents of
two circles, depending upon their positions.

We will also learn how to find lengths and equations of the common
tangents.
Circles
Circles
Circles
Circles
Circles
Circles
Try to observe how we can comment upon the positions of two circles
depending on their radii and the distance between their centres.

(1) r1 r2 (4)
C1 C2
C1 C2

r1 r2
(2)
C1 C2
(5)
C1 C2

(3) C1 C2
Circles
Number of Common Tangents TCT
DCT
(1) ⇒ 4 common tangents

(2) ⇒ 3 common tangents

(3) ⇒ 2 common tangents

(4) ⇒ 1 common tangent

(5) ⇒ 0 common tangents

Circles
Q. The common tangent to the circles x2 + y2 = 4 and
x2 + y2 + 6x + 8y - 24 = 0 also passes through the point:
A (4, -2) B (-6, 4)
C (6, -2) D (-4, 6) JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Q. The common tangent to the circles x2 + y2 = 4 and
x2 + y2 + 6x + 8y - 24 = 0 also passes through the point:
A (4, -2) B (-6, 4)
JEE-Main 2019
C (6, -2) D (-4, 6)

Solution:

x2 + y2 = 4

x2 + y2 + 6x + 8y - 24 = 0
Circles
Q. The locus of the centres of the circles, which touch the circle,
x2 + y2 = 1 externally, also touch the y-axis and lie in the first quadrant, is:

A B

C D
JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Q. The locus of the centres of the circles, which touch the circle,
x2 + y2 = 1 externally, also touch the y-axis and lie in the first quadrant, is:
A B

C D
Solution:
JEE-Main 2019
O′
(h, k)

O (0, 0)
Circles
Q. If the circles x2 + y2 - 16x - 20y + 164 = r2 and (x - 4)2 + (y - 7)2 = 36
intersect at two distinct points, then:
A r > 11 B 0<r<1
C r = 11 D 1 < r < 11 JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Q. If the circles x2 + y2 - 16x - 20y + 164 = r2 and (x - 4)2 + (y - 7)2 = 36
intersect at two distinct points, then:
A r > 11 B 0<r<1
C r = 11 D 1 < r < 11 JEE-Main 2019

Solution:
Circles
Q. If the circles x2 + y2 - 16x - 20y + 164 = r2 and (x - 4)2 + (y - 7)2 = 36
intersect at two distinct points, then:
A r > 11 B 0<r<1
C r = 11 D 1 < r < 11 JEE-Main 2019

Solution:
Circles
10. Orthogonality of Two Circles
Two circles are said to be orthogonal if the tangents of the two circles at
their point of intersection are perpendicular to each other.
Circles
Condition for orthogonality

r1 r2
C1
C2
d

Two circles intersect each other orthogonally if

or
Circles
Q. Two circles with equal radii are intersecting at the points (0, 1) and (0, -1).
The tangent at the point (0, 1) to one of the circles passes through the
centre of the other circle. Then the distance between the centres of these
circles is:
A 1 B 2
C D JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Q. Two circles with equal radii are intersecting at the points (0, 1) and (0, -1).
The tangent at the point (0, 1) to one of the circles passes through the
centre of the other circle. Then the distance between the centres of these
circles is:

A 1 B 2 JEE-Main 2019

C D (0, 1)
P

O1 90° O2
R

Q
(0, -1)
Circles
Solution:
(0, 1)
P

O1 90° O2
R

Q
(0, -1)
Circles
Previously Taken Detailed Classes on Coordinate Geometry (Lectures 27 - 32)

Straight Lines - 1 Straight Lines - 2 Normal to Parabola

(Conic Section)

Circles and Tangents Parabola and Tangents Ellipse and Hyperbola

(Conic Section) (Conic Section)
Youtube PlayList Link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4pO-NnfCcY&list=PLCtUyOrCJbxxkL5dPyLJi9UmUlrP-etG3&index=27
Circles
Learn: https://vdnt.in/2XDHD (given in video description)

● Chord with a given Mid-Point

● Chord of Contact
Circles

Home Assignment Problems

Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q1. A circle cuts a chord of length 4a on the x-axis and passes through
a point on the y-axis, distant 2b from the origin. Then the locus of the
centre of this circle, is:

A A hyperbola B an ellipse
C a straight line D a parabola JEE-Main 2019
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q2. If the circles x2 + y2 + 5Kx + 2y + K = 0 and 2(x2 + y2) + 2Kx + 3y - 1 = 0,

(K ∈ R), intersect at the points P and Q, then the line 4x + Sy - K = 0
passes through P and Q, for:

A infinitely many values of K B no value of K.

C exactly two values of K D exactly one value of K
JEE-Main 2019
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q3. Three circle is of radii a, b, c (a < b < c) touch each other externally.
If they have x-axis as a common tangent, then:

A B

C A, b, c are in A.P D are in A.P

JEE-Main 2019
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q4. Let C1 and C2 be the centres of the circles x2 + y2 - 2x - 2y - 2 = 0

and x2 + y2 - 6x - 6y + 14 = 0 respectively. If P and Q are the points of
intersection of these circles then, the area (in sq. units) of the
quadrilateral PC1QC2 is:

A 8 B 6 JEE-Main 2019

C 9 D 4
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q5. If the angle of intersection at a point where the two circles with
radii 5 cm and 12 cm intersect is 90°, then the length (in cm) of their
common chord is:
A 13/5 B 120/13
JEE-Main 2019
C 60/13 D 13/2
Circles
Circles
Circles
Circles
Topics Completed (45 Day Sprint):
1. Quadratic Equations (except Location of Roots)
2. Sequences and Progressions
3. Complex Numbers
4. Binomial Theorem
5. P&C and Probability
6. Matrices and Determinants
7. Straight Lines
8. Circles (today)

Next Topics:
1. Parabola - (Pulkit Sir) --- Fri
2. Ellipse & Hyperbola - (Pulkit Sir) --- Mon
3. Calculus - (Shimon Sir, IIT Madras, KVPY Scholar)
4. Vectors and 3D - (Pulkit Sir)
Circles
45 Day Sprint - Weekly Sunday Test

● Open for attempt - link in description

✅ Mock Test 1:
https://www.vedantu.com/contents/public/test/attempt/5dcfc383143c8037f6d7c3af

✅ Mock Test 2:
https://www.vedantu.com/contents/public/test/attempt/5dd7bc0def2c574ec2a02446
Circles

PJCC
Circles

All the very best :-)

DREAM ON!
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q1. A circle cuts a chord of length 4a on the x-axis and passes through
a point on the y-axis, distant 2b from the origin. Then the locus of the
centre of this circle, is:

A A hyperbola B an ellipse
C a straight line D a parabola JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Q1. A circle cuts a chord of length 4a on the x-axis and passes through
a point on the y-axis, distant 2b from the origin. Then the locus of the
centre of this circle, is:

A A hyperbola B an ellipse
C a straight line D a parabola JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Solution:
y

C(h, k)

k
x
M 2a P
O
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q2. If the circles x2 + y2 + 5Kx + 2y + K = 0 and 2(x2 + y2) + 2Kx + 3y - 1 = 0,

(K ∈ R), intersect at the points P and Q, then the line 4x + Sy - K = 0
passes through P and Q, for:

A infinitely many values of K B no value of K.

C exactly two values of K D exactly one value of K
JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Q2. If the circles x2 + y2 + 5Kx + 2y + K = 0 and 2(x2 + y2) + 2Kx + 3y - 1 =
0, (K ∈ R), intersect at the points P and Q, then the line 4x + 5y - K = 0
passes through P and Q, for:

A infinitely many values of K B no value of K.

C exactly two values of K D exactly one value of K

JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Solution:
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q3. Three circle is of radii a, b, c (a < b < c) touch each other externally.
If they have x-axis as a common tangent, then:

A B

C A, b, c are in A.P D are in A.P

JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Q3. Three circle is of radii a, b, c (a < b < c) touch each other externally.
If they have x-axis as a common tangent, then:

A B

C A, b, c are in A.P D are in A.P

JEE-Main 2019
Circles
Solution:

C
B

M A

X Y Z
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q4. Let C1 and C2 be the centres of the circles x2 + y2 - 2x - 2y - 2 = 0

and x2 + y2 - 6x - 6y + 14 = 0 respectively. If P and Q are the points of
intersection of these circles then, the area (in sq. units) of the
quadrilateral PC1QC2 is:

A 8 B 6 JEE-Main 2019

C 9 D 4
Circles
Q4. Let C1 and C2 be the centres of the circles x2 + y2 - 2x - 2y - 2 = 0
and x2 + y2 - 6x - 6y + 14 = 0 respectively. If P and Q are the points of
intersection of these circles then, the area (in sq. units) of the
quadrilateral PC1QC2 is:

A 8 B 6 JEE-Main 2019

C 9 D 4
Circles
Solution:
P

C1 C2

Q
Circles Home Assignment Problem

Q5. If the angle of intersection at a point where the two circles with
radii 5 cm and 12 cm intersect is 90°, then the length (in cm) of their
common chord is:
A 13/5 B 120/13
JEE-Main 2019
C 60/13 D 13/2
Circles
Q5. If the angle of intersection at a point where the two circles with
radii 5 cm and 12 cm intersect is 90°, then the length (in cm) of their
common chord is:
A 13/5 B 120/13
JEE-Main 2019
C 60/13 D 13/2
Circles
Solution:
P

12 5

α
C1 M C2