1.

BONUS AYYAAYAYA

2. Select the incorrect statement about the outer solar system disk.

a. more mass and less accretion c. lower condensation temperature

b. icy planetesimals formed d. colder & more volatile gases and ice

3. Calculate for the eccentricity of Planet Mercury - the semi-major axis of 0.387 AU and the distance from the
center of the ellipse od 0.080 AU.

a. 0.206 c. 4.837

b. 0.207 d.4.838

4. These are debris from asteroids and comets that live in the space outside the Earth’s atmosphere.

a. Meteors c. Meteorites

b. Meteoroids d. Planetesimals

5. The reason the collapsed cloud spins faster as it contracts.

a. Gravity c. Acceleration

b. Centripetal Force d. Temperature

6. Select the incorrect statement about the outer solar system disk.

a. Lack of material plus gravitational force produces asteroid belt.

b. Proto-Uranus and Proto-Neptune are more massive and contains H/He

c. Planetesimals like comets were tossed on the Oort Cloud

d. Proto-Saturn and Proto-Jupiter, more rich in CNO compounds

7. Select the incorrect statement about the inner solar system disk.

a. Close to the Proto-Sun and colder c. It is where small planetesimals form

b. Warm enough to dissolve lighter d. metals and silicates stay solid

compound

8. The outer region o the rotating disk is _________________.

a. thicker outer disk of gas and slower to collapse

b. thinner outer disk of gas and evolves slower

c. thicker and denser

d. denser and collapse faster

9. Life seems limited to temperature range of -15 to 115 degree Celsius

a. Not enough factor c. Just right

b. Too much factor d. None of the choices

10. What defines the habitable zone around a star?

a. The region around a star where rocky planets form

b. It is where liquid water can exist on planetary surfaces

c. Where the ultraviolet radiation does not destroy organisms

d. The region around a star where life exists

11. Atmosphere is 100 miles thick

a. Not enough factor c. Just right

b. Too much factor d. none of these

12. At 125° C there is a rupture of carbohydrates, proteins and genetic materials.

a. Not enough factor c. Just right

b. Too much factor d. none of these

13. We know that the Earth did not originally have any water because _______.

a. Earth was too hot to hold on to water

b. Earth’s magnetic field was too active to hold onto water.

c. Earth was too dry to soak up water.

d. Earth was too small to hold onto water

14. Transpiration is a process of passages of water or liquid through pores and vaporizes in the atmosphere.
Hydrosphere compromises 80% of the Earth’s component.

a. If BOTH statements are CORRECT

b. If BOTH statements are WRONG

c. If the FIRST statement is CORRECT and the SECOND statement is WRONG

d. If the FIRST statement s WRONG and the SECOND answer is CORRECT

15. Our Sun formed, like any other star, from _______________

a. A collision between two massive planetary objects

b. Empty space

c. A black hole

d. The collapse of a cloud of matter under the pressure of gravity

16. All explains the flatness of the universe and accelerated expansion of it except

a. Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation c. Dark energy

b. Red shift of stars d. Dark matter

17. The habitable zone of a planet is determined b the planet’s distance to its star and the length of the day and
night. Intense radiation from our Sun blasted much of the hydrogen and helium into the outer reaches
of our Solar system, while heavier elements remained closer that explains why the gas giants are so
much closer to the sun than the rocky planets.

a. If BOTH statements are CORRECT

b. If BOTH statements are WRONG

c. If the FIRST statement is CORRECT and the SECOND statement is WRONG

d. If the FIRST statement s WRONG and the SECOND answer is CORRECT

18. An open space system involves the input of energy and output of the energy only. The earth is generally an
open system with an occasional entry of meteorites.

a. If BOTH statements are CORRECT

b. If BOTH statements are WRONG

 c. If the FIRST statement is CORRECT and the SECOND statement is WRONG

d. If the FIRST statement s WRONG and the SECOND answer is CORRECT

19. Planets without systems to deliver nutrients can support life. But too much volcanic activity (Jupiter) does
not interfere with the ability to get enough nutrients

a. If BOTH statements are CORRECT

b. If BOTH statements are WRONG

c. If the FIRST statement is CORRECT and the SECOND statement is WRONG

d. If the FIRST statement s WRONG and the SECOND answer is CORRECT

20. A space shuttle is travelling from earth to moon, the astronaut noticed that the layer of atmosphere has less
to no water vapor and o3 atoms are abundant, which layer do you think is the location of the space
shuttle?

a. Mesosphere c. Thermosphere

b. Stratosphere d. Troposphere

21. What could be the interaction between the biosphere and hydrosphere?

a. life processes involve a many chemical reactions which either extract or emit gases to and from the
atmosphere.

b. Evaporation of water from leaf surfaces (transpiration) transfers water to the atmosphere.

c. Water is transferred by evaporation and precipitation. Energy is also exchanged in this process.\

d. Life is connected through soils (mixtures of air, mineral matter, organic matter, and water). Plant activity (e.g.
root growth and organic acid production) are also for the mechanical and chemical breakdown of the
rocks because of infiltration.

22. A driller was digging through the layers of the earth, geologist took samples and found out that is Nickel,
which layer of the earth did they find Nickel?

a. core c. Mantle

b. Lithosphere d. crust

23. Layer of Earth in which the electromagnetic radiation is created.

a. core c. Mantle

b. Lithosphere d. crust

24. When dead plants decompose and nitrogen is returned to the soil, the interaction is between which two
spheres?

a. biosphere and atmosphere c. atmosphere and geosphere

b. geosphere and atmosphere d. biosphere and geosphere

25. What might happen if the Earth didn’t have an atmosphere?

a. Everything would go flying off into space c. The seasons would be longer

b. The earth’s rotation would stop d. We wouldn’t be able to breathe

26. Energy from the Sun is stored by plants. When animals eat the plants, they acquire the energy originally
captured by the plants. Between which two spheres is the above interaction?
 a. Hydrosphere and biosphere c. Atmosphere and biosphere

b. Biosphere and biosphere d. Geosphere and biosphere

27. What is the explanation that Venus is too hot, Mars too cold, and the Earth just right to support life?

a. Venus is too close to the Sun to retain water, which breaks its carbon cycle, leading to an
overabundance of greenhouse gases in its atmosphere and a hot surface. Mars is too small to have a
hot interior, therefore, there are no active volcanoes to pump greenhouse gases into its atmosphere
with no greenhouse insulation, it remains cold. Earth has water, volcanoes, and a fully functioning
carbon cycle, thus temperatures remains moderate.

b. On Earth the most important greenhouse gases are water vapor, methane, and carbon dioxide (CO2).
Carbon dioxide that makes up only about 330 parts per million of the CO2, it’s the total amount in the
atmosphere.

c. Mars has a very thick atmosphere, at the surface, the atmospheric pressure is ninety times that at
Earth’s surface while Venus has a very thin atmosphere.

d. All of the above

28. What statement/s is/are the correct description of carbon cycle and explain its impact on the Goldilocks
problem

a. In the carbon cycle, rainwater removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and deposits it in the
Earth’s crust

b. Surface run off action then releases carbon dioxide from the crust, putting it back into the
atmosphere in the form of evaporation

c. The inactive carbon cycle acts like a thermostat, regulating a planet’s climate and temperature

d. All of the above

29. Why is Venus and Mars not a suitable Goldilocks planet and the Earth was the right one?

a. The carbon cycle is incomplete on Venus because there is no liquid water, therefore carbon dioxide
emitted by volcanoes cannot be removed from the atmosphere and remains in the atmosphere,
trapping heat and raising the temperature

b. The carbon cycle is broken on Mars because Mars has no active volcanoes to replenish the carbon
dioxide in its atmosphere, and there is not enough carbon dioxide in its thin atmosphere to keep its
surface warm.

c. Due to the Earth’s fully functioning carbon cycle, temperatures remain moderate.

d. All of the above

30. What do the first four outer planets have in common?

a. They are much larger than Earth and are mainly made of H & He

b. about the same size as Earth & are mostly made of H & He

c. They are much larger than Earth and are mainly made of iron

d. They are much larger than Earth and are mainly made of iron (inulet)