Seismic Design of Liquid Inner Tank

Seismic Design of Liquid Inner Tank is performed in accordance with the requirements of API 650 Appendix E and API
620 Appendix L.

Inner Tank Diameter D mm 39500

Cylindrical shell height - Inner Tank Hc mm 27500
Max liquid level - Inner Tank H mm 25000
Specific gravity of product G 681
weight product = pi/4* D² *H *G Wp kN 204601
Seismic Zone - UBC 1997 specified by Customer peak
zone 4
ground acceleration, see E.4.3
Sp %g 0,4
Sites not defined by ASCE 7 Methods, see E.4.3
assumed

Seismic Use Group, E.3.1 SUG 1

importance factor E.5.1.2, tab E-5 I SUG 1 1
response modification factor E.5.1.1, table E-4, impulsive Rwi anchored 2,5
see API 620 table L-1R

response modification factor E.5.1.1, table E-4, convective Rwc anchored 1,5
see API 620 table L-1R

weight inner shell Ws kN 4529

weight of inner bottom Wf kN 1056
weight of roof+structurals Wr kN 0
height to centroid of shell= Hc/2 Xs mm 13750
height of roof from bottom to centroid of roof, open top IT Xr mm 0
open top IT

shell insulation perlite load = 50% Wns kN 0

height from bott to ctr shell= Hc/2 Xns mm 13750
deck/roof insulation perlite load Wnr kN 0
height from bott to deck = Hc Xnr mm 27500

Impulsive Force Wi and Convective Force Wc

Wi= Impulsive Force depends on the ratio of D/H and

will be determined as per E.6.1.1 -1 & -2
Wi is the weight of effective mass of contents, which
moves in unisono with tankshell.

Ratio D / H 1,58
Is D/H >1.333 ? , then Yes,Ok
tan[ 0,866 * (D/H)]= 0,88
Wi = tan[ 0,866 * (D/H)]/[ 0,866 * (D/H)] * Wp Wi kN 131333

Is D/H<1.333 ? , then na
Wi = [ 1-0,218* (D/H)]* Wp Wi kN na

Xi = Centroid of impulsive force Wi depends upon

ratio D/H as per E.6.1.2.1 -1 & -2

Ratio D / H 1,58
Is D/H >1.333 ? , then Yes,Ok
0,375 * H Xi mm 9375

Is D/H<1.333 ? , then na
[ 0.5 - ( 0.094 * (D/H) ) ] * H Xi mm na

Wc = Convective Force = weight of effective mass

of first mode sloshing tank contents
W2 will be determined as per E.6.1.1-3
0.23 * (D/H) * tanh( 3,67*H/D) * Wp Wc kN 72937

Xc =Centroid of convective force Wc as per E.6.1.2.1-3

Xc ={1-[cosh(3,67H/D)-1]/[3,67*H/D *sinh(3,67H/D)]}*H Xc mm 16158

cosh(3,67H/D) 5,15
sinh(3,67H/D) 5,05

Ringwall Moment Mrw applied to bottom of IT Shell

Ai = impulsive spectral acceleration parame (E.4.6.2)

E.4.6.2 - Site-Specific Response Spectra

Ai =impulsive spectral acceleration parameter (E.4.6.1-1)

Ai = S DS ( I / Rwi) > 0.07 Ai %g 0,44
but check for site Class E and F only:
Ai >= 0.5 * S1 ( I / Rwi) Ai %g 0,10
is Ai > 0.07 ? & Ai > Ai class E, F? Yes,ok

Q = scaling factor, E.4.6.1 Q 1,00

S S = 2.5 * S P (E.4.3 /2.) SS %g 1
S 1 = 1.25 * S P (E.4.3 /2.) S1 %g 0,5
assuming Site Class D (E.4.4) Fa tab E-1 1,10
poor soil at Site, Fv tab E-2 1,50
S DS = Q * Fa * S S see EC 13-15 S DS %g 1,1
S D1 = Q * Fv * S 1 see EC 13-15 S D1 %g 0,75
T S = S D1 / S DS see EC-15 TS sec 0,68
T o = 0.2 * S D1 / S DS see EC-15 T0 sec 0,14
Ac =convective spectral acceleration parameter (E.4.6.1-4 / 5)

when, Tc < T L (E.4.6.1-4), then

Ac = K*S D1*(1/Tc) * (I/Rwc) < Ai Ac %g 0,114
na
when, Tc > T L (E.4.6.1-5), then
Ac= K*S D1*(TL/Tc²)* I/Rwc) < Ai Ac %g 0,069
aplicable

coefficient K, assumed, see E.2.2 K 1,50

T L = transition period (E.4.6.1) TL sec 4,00
natural period of convective (sloshing) liquid, see E.4.5.2-a
Mrw applied to bottom of Shell
Tc = 1.8* Ks *sqrt(D) (SI - units) TC sec 6,60

Ks = 0.578 / [sqrt (tanh (3.68*H / D ) ] - (E.4.5.2 -c) 0,58

sloshing period coefficient

Mrw = RINGWALL OVERTURNING MOMENT applied to

bottom of shell as per E.6.1.5-1

Mrw = sqrt {[Ai* (Wi*Xi + Ws*Xs+ Wr*Xr +Wns*Xns +Wnr*Xnr]² [Ac* (Wc*Xc)]²}

Mrw kNm 574905

Wi * Xi kNm 1231250
Ws * Xs kNm 62274
Wr * Xr kNm 0
Wns * Xns kNm 0
Wnr * Xnr kNm 0
Wc * Xc kNm 1178545
Slab Overturning Moment Ms applied to Tank Concrete Foundation

The slab moment Ms is the total seismic overturning moment acting across the entire base cross-section.
This seismic overturning moment is to be used for design of Slab and Pile Cap Foundations.
Slab and Pile Cap Foundations

Xis = Centroid of impulsive force Wi depends upon

ratio D/H as per E.6.1.2.2-1 & -2

Ratio D / H 1,58
Is D/H >1.333 ? , then Yes,Ok
Xis =0,375 *{1+1,333[(0,866D/H)/tanh(0,866D/H)-1]} * H Xis mm 16347

0,866*D/H 1,37
tanh(0,866*D/H) 0,88

Is D/H <1.333 ? , then no

Xis = 0.5 + [ 0.06 * (D/H) ] * H Xis mm na

Xcs =Centroid of convective force Wc

see E.6.1.2.2-3

Xcs = {1-[cosh(3,67H/D)-1,937]/[3,67H/D*sinh(3,67H/D)]}*H Xcs mm 18154

3,67H/D 2,32
cosh(3,67H/D) 5,15
sinh(3,67H/D) 5,05

Ms = OVERTURNING MOMENT applied to Foundation

for design of slab & pilecap foundations, E.6.1.2.2
Ms = sqrt {[Ai* (Wi*Xis + Ws*Xs+ Wr*Xr + Wns*Xns + Wnr*Xnr]²+ [Ac* (Wc*Xcs)]²}
 Ms kNm 976286

Wi * Xis kNm 2146865

Ws * Xs kNm 62274
Wr * Xr kNm 0
Wns * Xns kNm 0
Wnr * Xnr kNm 0
Wc * Xcs kNm 1324114

Dynamic Liquid Hoop Stress as per API 650 E.6.1.4

Ratio D / H 1,58
Is D/H >1.333 ? Yes,Ok
then

Ni = impulsive shell hoop membrane force at tank base Ni N/mm 1102

Ni = 8.48 * Ai * G* D * H * [Y/H -0.5 *(Y/H)² ] * tanh( 0.866*D/H)

Ai = impulsive design response spectrum acceleration coefficient Ai %g 0,44

Specific gravity of product G 0,681
Max liquid level - Inner Tank 'Hd' H m 25
distance from liquid level surface Y m 25
to analysis point (positive down)
Inner Tank Diameter D m 39,5

0,866*D/H 1,37
tanh(0,866*D/H) 0,88
Nc = convective shell hoop membrane force
at tank base, eq E.6.1.4-4a
Nc = 1.85* Ac* G* D² * cosh [3.68 *(H-Y) / D] / cosh [3.68 * H/D] Nc N/mm 26

Ac =convective spectral acceleration parameter (E.4.6.1-4 / 5) Ac %g 0,069

cosh(3,68*(H-Y)/D) 1,00
cosh(3,68*(H/D) 5,183

Nh = product hydrostatic membrane force

Nh = (D / 20) * [98 * G (H - 0.3)] + c Nh N/mm 3259

corrosion allowance of shell c1s mm 3,0

thickness lowest shell course ts mm 26,50

Av = vertical earthquake
acceleration coefficient, use Av = 0.14 * S DS, see E.6.1.3 Av %g 0,154

total combined seismic Hoop Stress - Bottom Shell Course

σ T = total combined Hoop Stress in
shell at tank base, eq E.6.1.4-6
σ T = Nh +/- [sqrt (Ni² + Nc² + (Av * Nh)² )] / (t - c) σ T N/mm² 190

yield strength Ys N/mm² 344,80

allowable stress - DESIGN Std N/mm² 144,80
allowable stress - SEISMIC Sseis N/mm² 192,58
= MIN (1.33 * Std, 0.8 * Yield Strength)

is actual Hoop Stress σ T < allowable S seis ? Yes,Ok

 Seismic Condition IT, API 650 E.6.1.4 - Hydrodynamic Hoop Stress for IT Shell Courses
Nh = Ni = Nc= total combined seismic
hydrostatic impulsive convective
is actual
hoop stress
Design Liq. Thickness membr force membrane membrane Hoop Stress
Hight of each API 650
Level, H = Y selected, t N/mm force force σT <
couse [mm] E.6.1.4-5
[mm] [mm] N/mm N/mm allowable S
N / mm²
seis ?
2750 25 26,50 3259 1102 26 190 Yes,Ok
2750 22,25 23,80 2896 969 27 191 Yes,Ok
2750 19,5 21,00 2534 818 30 191 Yes,Ok
2750 16,75 18,30 2171 658 34 190 Yes,Ok
2750 14 15,50 1809 498 41 190 Yes,Ok
2750 11,25 12,80 1446 346 51 190 Yes,Ok
2750 8,5 12,00 1084 211 64 151 Yes,Ok
2750 5,75 12,00 721 103 81 99 Yes,Ok
2750 3 12,00 359 30 103 53 Yes,Ok
2750 0,25 12,00 -4 0 132 14 Yes,Ok

Conclusion for IT Shell Courses: Seismic Liquid Hoop Stress is within permissible stress limits