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BUSINESS PLAN
INDEX NUMBER :
COURSE CODE :
SUPERVISOR :
i
DECLARATION
I declare that this business plan is purely my original work and has never been submitted to any
examination council for any award.
CANDIDATE’S NAME :
DATE : ........................................
SIGNATURE : …………………………..
SUPERVISOR’S NAME
DATE : ………………….............
SIGNATURE : …………………………..
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DEDICATION
I wish to dedicate my sincere gratitude to my lovely sisters ,brothers and my dearest parents
fortheir moral and financial support they gave me.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My sincere appreciation goes to my supervisor who guided while I was writing these plan
I am also grateful to numerous authors whose source i consulted. I am not able to acknowledge
each one individual as most of their names are not available.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION.............................................................................................................................................. ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................................................................ iv
Business description...................................................................................................................................... 1
v
CHAPTER THREE .................................................................................................................................... 11
vi
4.4 Renumeration and incentives ............................................................................................................... 21
vii
APPENDIX 1............................................................................................................................................. 35
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CHAPTER ONE
Executive summary
situated within Mumias trading centre. The business targets a market from Mumias
traders, schools and Mumias town. The personnel to be invoved will be eight employees
comprising of the manger, assistant manager, accounts clerk, secretrary and others.
Business description
The pmalobaosed business will belong to dairy farming industry. It will be offering fresh
milk and other products to its customers. It will be located 2 km along MUMIAS-
BUNGOMA highway.
marketing plan
The potential customes are domestic customers living around that community and
Mumias town. The customers live within 20 kms from the farm. The business will ensure
high quality milk, affordable price, good communication and quality service. The major
competitors are Bungoma dairy farms. They are located within the distance of 10km, the
busines will be advertised through posters, Sayari radio and signboards. I am intending to
cope withe my competitors by ensuring services offered to users is of hig quality, milk
production will be improved and readily available and also ensure affordable prices.
The key personnel of the pmalobaosed business are the general manage (owner) who will
manage all activities in the farm and ensure that are run smoothly. Following this, her
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assistant manager; will identify the customers and where they are located as well as
Accountants clerk;
Security men:
Will feed the cows and operate on the shamba, also cleans cows and ensure envronment
is clean.
Finally, the driver, will be packing and transproting milk together with production manager to
the idefie
Assistant (owner)
Secretary
2
Operation & Production plan
The business will begin with buying the five dairy cows from one of the agricultural
farm. The four-hectares, I will acquire from my parents part of the land will be cultivated
for planting the Napier grass. The other portion will be established with buildings i.e. cow
sheds, administrative offices and remaining is grazing field. The cows will be reared for
six months when artificial insemination will be introduced which by November 2008 will
have calved down some facilities to be occured including milking cans buckets knapsack
sprayer, farm tools e.g. Jembe. They will be milked twice a day in order to serve
Financial plan
The amount needed as start up capital ksh 900,000, the purpose is buying the the five
dairy cows, salary for employees, facilities adn tools, rawa materials e.g. dairy feeds and
other expenses liek transport cost, telephone i.e. overheads cost. The above amount will
be obtained from personal savings, relatives and parents, expected profit is 45% of total
investment.
3
CHAPTER TWO
The business will engage in milk production and i will be the owner of the business i.e. sole
pmalobarietorship business. The business will be located within Namgoi trading centre in nandi
county and will be registered under the dairy farming industry. The business will be a start up
The business will be registered under the following name ‘MALOBA Dairy Farm’ the name was
derived from the owner’s name. The name because of it’s uniquenes, is easy pronounciation or
The business will be located along Bungoma - mumias Road 2kms from the trading center at
Mumias location Nandi county. I chose this location because of the accessibility of good
communication networks.
MUMIAS
TEL: NO0714695514
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The reason of choosing this loction also is because of good infrustructure and customers
availability.
Petrol station
Munias town
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2.3 Form of ownership
The form of ownership will be a start-up sole pmalobarietorship type of busines, after i pursue
my Diploma course in Land survey in november , 2016. I intend to start-up in Jan 2016
Start-up business skills will determine efforts towards the business success.
The pmalobaosed business is a sole pmalobarietorship where I will be the owner. the business.
2.5 Products/Service
The business will specialize mostly on production of fresh milk for the first three years then
Currently the products ae not readily available but it is intended to produce products which will
This involves my personnal factor, abilities to come up withe a business idea, gather the
necessary resources and proceed to initiate teh business. I have come up with business ideas
which will raise the standards of living. Also my personal interest to start-up the business will
lead towards the success of my business. As well the good health will facilitate the technical,
entrepreneural and managerial skills, in addition, my personnal experience in like to the business
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2.7 Industry
The business belongs to Farming Industry and it is found to be a medium size operation, in the
area it provides products in fairly large scale due to the man-power employed and profits are
promising: it increases as time goes. Previous years the industry is increasing making maximum
profit from its products due to increase in population and quality products gives on developing.
The industry is expanding and the owner intends to icrease capital to 1,500,000 from the profit
obtained after the first five years in operation if this industry is well supported adn carefully put
into consideration by parent body it will make a concrete industry. The business history tells that
in the few yeas bakc, there was a dairy farm in that community and it collapsed after a short
operation due to a insecurity, mismanagement, which is currently by now securing in the are,
The industry has high demand inside and as well outside the district. It is speciafically
Enough capital will help meet all the business requirments for business to run
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2.7.3 Industry future
Generally the industry have to expand and establish itself fully. It will be improved where it
rapidly increasing and the business will as well become decentralized so as to serve both
The goals of my business are divided into tow categories, short and logn term goals.
Under long term goals the following shall have been attained at the fifth year of operation.
Maximize its profit to tune of 100% and capital increased over 1.5 million shilling
Under short-term goasl I intend to cal for holiday workshop where some officers from
teh distict are to attend e.g. agricultural officer, Nandi District and is goidn to discuss
My business intends to offer quality services to customers, the staff ae offered free training on
how to have good public relations with customers. Tis customers will be retained by offering
them incentives, special discount, credit facilities to few honest. The business is well stable in
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terms of finances. The gathered capital is enough to run teh business. Products will have market
staff enhance
efficiency
profits
climate
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2.9.1 Entry strategy
The information about venturing into the business will be advertsied through signports place at
namgoi Juntion and a poster place at chebarbar trading center. Newspapers and radio since the
business is believed to run smoothly. Agricultural officers from the district and workers who are
my customers are invited to attend on opening ceremony in the farm special offers to be offered
to every invited guest each shall have a cup of fresh milk and customers are given take away
Some of these invited guest will be agrricultual officers from outside the district and as well
district officers. I expect them to open it officially and legalize the business as well as address the
people on imprortance of agricultur in general. Special documents are only given to those
customers who make a purchase of more than tow litres daily it will last for the fast one month.
From the swot analysis it will experience stable financial support from the investment already
made. Favourable conducive environment for dairy farming and good infrustucture. Since the
starting capital was from my own savings the land given by my parents. Market and demand of
these products are existing because of increase in population leading to high consumption rate of
milk. Form one above observation i will expand the business by increasing number of dairy
cows, by intending to receive loans from bank. As well improve on production of milk e.g.
adding processing units of milk by purchasing advanced machines for processing improve on
facilities. From these observations i declare the business will be a profit gnerating business.
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CHAPTER THREE
Marketing plan is a service of systematic activities aimed and providing goods and services in
3.1 Customers
My customers vary considerable,y, some of them buy for consupmtion purposes, others buy in
wholesale prices which they will transport to distant customers. My potential customers are the
two high schools. Mumias Boys Secondary schools marcle school, residents of namgoi centre
and mumias trading centre. They are located within the business premises a distance 4-5km from
- the general income is low, middle class: this does not matter so mcu because even the prcice of
- The age doesn’t matter provided that the customers are able.
- Most of them are christians hence they are trusted towards my business.
The followign are some of those factors tht influence customers to prefer on any busienss
products:-
- Affordable prices
The market share for my business will capture a total of 60% under the total industry size.
These shares will come out of the quality produts, improved serivices because of qualified
The business intends to cover areas like Mumias and Serrem trading centre.
The market share is represented as in the following pie-chart under industry size i.e.
90
80
70 akelo
dairies
60
50
wanga
40
30
20 homeland
10
0
1st Qtr 2nd Qtr 3rd Qtr 4th Qtr
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MALOBA = 60 x 360 = 2160
100
100
3.3 Competitors
My competitors are like Homeland and Wanga dairy firms, they are situated of 10mk away from
Their prices are relatively hgh compared to mine although they operate in long hours like mine
but they don’t co-ordinate well to customers. Although my products are in small scale i normally
even sell at a credit to trusted customers. My busines has good reputations, employees are trained
free.
3.1.2 Location
Location of my business is along the highway unlike of the competitors inside the village, thus it
is not accessible. This highway is not busy daily hence no traffic jam hence easy movemen of
customers.
Due to quality products offered by my business has captured customers in the neigphouring
schools and trading centres and this will limit the competitors from getting ready market for tier
My business premises is not big enough tha can withstand a large population of Mumias and
silibwet town. Therefore,I intend to increase the production by increasing the number of dairy
cows, expand the four hectares of shamba, this is earning a loan after a 5th year of operation. The
premise is permently owned and accessible by means of transport this will enable my customers
them and builds imgage of the business. Means of advertising are both printed and word spoken
since teh population is general. This advertisement will cost 200 kenya Shillings twice a year.
The conteents of this advertisements include: the name of the business. Location and products
available for sale. These advertisemnt willtaget students and teachers of Tenwek and Bungoma
Some of the distinctive features intending to come up withe are sweats made from milk products,
powdered mill. The size and shape will be designed as well as the quality of the products, which
The business will intend to offer cash discount to prominent customers. Also improve on suitable
equipment for milk processing, pricing of these products will be highly considered and has to be
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3.5 Pricing strategy
Pricing strategy of my business will depend on economic growth. When itis high the price of my
products becomes slow and vice versa i.e price will increase followign inflation gigures at theat
time.
The products will be made available to custoemrs thoguhout by selling directly to nearby
custoemr sand use of salsmen to distant custoers by use of firms business van. Also can use
wholesalers to sell teh prdocts who are located outside the town , because can have big orders
Credit facilites are only offered to most known and trusted customers, paying depenss on quality
or products price for credit fell is a bit higher than actual price hence this will discourage frequtn
creditors. These credit facilties is only offered by sales maanger only with a permission
authorites.
Good health
I will transport my products to customers or market place where customers can buy through the
following methods:-
Sale to wholesalers.
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Retailers already operating the business.
I have choosen above channels because its expenses is not costly and its benefits much.
Ready available
Due to its reliability i.e they are daily bread to my business hence promotes expansion.
Although it has benefited me also there were some problems affecting the growth, these are:-
Inadequate means i.e business owns one business van which will not be possible to make
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CHAPTER FOUR
A well managed and organized business will make effective and efficient goals. The following
Assistant manager
The key personnel involved in MALOBA Dairy Farm is as illustrated by the structure above.
Since the business is owned by the owner then I will be the manager and my duties will be: to
ensure that teh business is running on smoothly. i.e. making decisions, co-ordinate all activities
in the firm, recruit and remunerate new employees and settle any difference, e.g. either emergin
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Qualification of the manager.
Engineering.
Qualification
Qualifications:
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iv) Pulic relation withe potential customers and entire environment by having good
language
Qualification
iv) Trustworthy
ii) Ensure products are in good condition and reach customer on time
Qualifications
Others include:-
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Security men
Qualifcations
iv) Report to top managment on any changes in the farm e.g. sick cow
Qualification
ii) Hardworking
Driver
ii) Transporting farm input from the market e.g. animal feeds
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Qualifcation
In any given organization personnel is considered as a key factor because it will facilitated an
organization to atttain its goals MALOBA Dairy Farm is not left behind hadwaroking
employees are being motivated e.e. their salaries raised, offering them gifts as well as allow them
Through advertisment new employees are recruited, they are interviewed, those who qualify are
to be trained and orientation is made to them to make them familiar withe teh farm.
in this manner following table shows how personnel involved are remunerated.
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Heardsmen 1 2,000 4,000
Total 51,000
The personnel involved in MALOBA Dairy Farm will be motivated by giving them some of the
incentives which will be based on both monetary and non-monetery i.e. hardworking employees
will be gvein advanced salaries, overtime payment given, some milk to take away and also allow
to have 10.00 o’clock tea. Also given chances to express their grievances and social facilties liek
darts, pool to refresh themselves after work. They are even allowed to have retirement benefits.
In this case my business will obrain the license from Bungoma County. Before issued with any
business shoud meet legal requirements i.e. will be considered under production of agricultural
products. If in any case such legal requirements are not well observed the busines will be closed
For efficeint and smooth running of MALOBA Dairy Farm, will acquire various supporting
advisors adn services from other firms, the following are some of them:-
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4.6.1 Postal and Telecommunication
This will enable he farm to communicate to th e customers. It is through telephone and mobile
phones.
4.6.1 Insurance
My business will be insured against risks, for this case it will obtaine insurance cover from UAB
Insurance Company at BUNGOMA town. Other services will include power supply, water
MALOBA will get assitance from Kigen Advocates, NDANAI house. They will assist the
busines incase of any legal proceedings, signing of contracts. In addition, for health services i.e
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CHAPTER FIVE
MALOBA Dairy Farm like any other busienss needs some operatios, this involveds processing
The table below shows by summary on some of the facilities to star and run the business.
Land Donation -
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5.2 Production/operaional strategy
I being the manager of MALOBA Dairy Farm, will ensure that the production is increasing in
the farm by offfering quality services, cows being well managed, maintain the employees
personnel by paying prompmly salary and allowances also improve on equipment and toools for
processing. In five years time my production goals willinclude some of the follwoign:-
- Improve the already existingh products output is more than the input to make my
busienss pmalobaorious
This concerns withe the proxcedure to be followed when processing materials to finance
products. In any field such steps must be undertaken as in this case the folowing is the procedure
This involves expenses needed to pay those who are invoved in the prodution process as it is
Particulars Cost
Manager 51000
Overheads 73000
Raw materials 43000
Total cost of production 167,000
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Labour cost
Manager 80000
Secretary 5000
This is the amount required for the management of the business and other expenditures that is
Overheads Amount
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5.5 Regulationss affecting operations
Health regulations must be observed in every environment by all people. I will ensure that good
health is observed by all personnel within the busines premises, this should be observed epecially
in the daiy shed. I will purchase gloves and gumboots, deworming drugs, spary for cleanig the
My business will establish a building to carry out its managment work and also storage purposes.
I will ensure that they are well set such that it has some managers offices, processing unit, dairy
cows milking shed and resting place. A watchman will b e emmployed to keep security. These
building will be organized insuch a manner tha a good hygiene should be observed always. It
will be surrounded with a strong fence and have one locakbel main gate. In addition, this
building will be ensured that all are inside the farm and guarded alwasy.
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CHAPTER SIX
This section of the business will telll whether it’s making profit or loss. It’s a too,l, which iused
These are the expenses or cost incurred before the start-up of the business operation MALOBA
Item Costs(ksh)
Building 120000
Advertisement 4000
Licenses 4000
Transport 11000
Total 500000
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6.5 PREPARATION OF PROFORMA BALANCE SHEET.
This shows the assets, liabilities and capital of the business at the end of the trading period.
Assets Liabilities
Fixed assets
Building 120,000
Vehicle 200,000
Furniture 30,000
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Maloba Dairy Farm Proforma closing balancesheet as at 31sth dec. 2018
assets Liabilities
Fixed assets
Buildings 120,0000
Vehicle 200,000
Furniture 30,000
365,500
36,500
Total 616,600
Licenses 8,000
Insurance 2,000
Advertisement 4,000
Electricity 16,200
Telephone 612,000
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Salaries 2,100
Miscellaneous 2,100
Water 9,500
Total 796,600
Step 2:
Separating variables
i) Variable expenses
Items Cost
Electricity 16,200
Telephone 13,300
Water 9,500
Miscellaneous 2,100
Total 170,100
Item Cost
Licenses 8,000
Insurace 2,000
Advertisement 4,000
Salaries 612,000
Total 626,000
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Step 3
1,590,100
Step 4
89.3 / 626,000
100
1,590,100
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6.7 calculating of profitability ratio
Sales
= 177,500
1,590,000
= 1:0.1
Total Assets
= 177,500
850,000
= 1:0.2
The owner of the business should indicate the source of the pmalobaosed capitalization.
Source Amount
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CHAPTER SEVEN
The following are some of the problems face in the business operation:-
a) Competition
Due to improved technology and improved standard of learning many people lose
employement. Then they resort to start business to earn profit that enhance living
standard, some of thes business include: Dairy farming. It this occurs i will be forced to
reduce on my productivity so tha canhave market as well reduce price to attract more
b) Disease outbreak
A certain disease might break in the area e.g. tsetse fly outbreak, this can either kill the
c) Insecurity
In this area security isnot 100% although i will ensure thatthe farm will be well guarded
but it will not be enoug. Raiders from neighbouring community like Pokot, ?Tugen migh
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APPENDIX 1
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