Answer - Explanations

1 Answer Key: Reading Test
1
1 Point of View 4 Words and Phrases in Context
The author can be most accurately described
When he uses the underlined phrase “the
as __________.
inevitable” in lines 57–58, the author is
A. furious and insulted referring to __________.
B. defensive and meticulous
C. imploring and desperate A. the fact that he had to publish some
of his own dreams, which made him
D. unreliable and suspicious uncomfortable
Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science B. the idea that all dreams contain
significant meaning
2 Text Structure C. the gradual loss of detail in what one can
remember about a dream
The author discusses a topic that he plans to
D. the discomfort that everyone feels when
pursue in future work __________.
discussing dreams with other people
A. in the first sentence of the passage Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science
B. in the last sentence of the passage Words in Context
C. in the second paragraph of the passage
D. in the first and last paragraphs of the 5 Claims, Evidence, and Reasoning
passage
The author could not rely upon the dreams
Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science related in scientific literature because
__________.
3 Comparing and Contrasting A. the author couldn’t be sure if material had

been changed in or censored from them
According to the author, studying phobias, B. the author needed to interview people
obsessions, and delusions is __________, himself in order to discuss their emotion-
but studying dreams is not. al reactions to their dreams
C. no work of scientific literature had dis-
A. practical cussed dreams at the time the author
B. possible began his study
C. useless D. the author does not give a reason for this
D. easy in the passage, but says that the rest of his
work explains why this is the case
Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science
Command of Evidence
Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests CONTINUE

1
6 Statements and Implications 8 Purpose
In the third paragraph, what does the author The author argues that understanding
tell us about the omissions and substitutions the content of dreams is necessary for
he made when discussing his own dreams in __________.
the work that follow the passage?
A. comprehending the therapeutic
A. He is not responsible for these; his editors importance of dreams
are. B. understanding delusional ideas
B. He feels that the adjusted examples C. accurately diagnosing a number of
would be more useful had they remained psychological conditions in patients
unadjusted. D. understanding why he had difficulty
C. He was forced to make these, or journals choosing dreams to discuss in the work
would not accept his work. that follows
D. He is glad that he had the opportunity to Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science
reconsider his initial presentation of his
dreams.
Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science 9 Words and Phrases in Context
Command of Evidence
Based on the way in which the underlined
word “informs” is used in line 26 of the
passage, the author is using it to mean
7 Main Ideas and Themes
__________.
The author has written this passage in order
to __________. A. tells
B. ignores
A. propose a psychological experiment
C. solves
B. justify his work and address some of its D. influences
limitations
C. respond to a specific critic who has cast Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science
doubt on his work’s reliability Words in Context
D. teach the reader how to interpret his or
her own dreams
10 Summarizing and Paraphrasing
In the last sentence of the passage, the author
attempts to __________.
A. encourage the reader to read the work of
a variety of psychologists
B. inspire the reader to conduct his or her
own scientific experiments
C. get the reader to empathize with him
D. explain why he made certain redactions to
the dreams he later discusses
Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

1
11 Statements and Implications 13 Words and Phrases in Context
Which of the following is implied by the Based on the passage, what is the likely
excerpt underlined in lines 35–40? meaning behind the name “C4”?
A. Any plant that can use a C4 pathway can A. C4 plants likely require four more carbon
use a C3 pathway. molecules than plants that do not use the
pathway to perform photosynthesis.
B. Any plant that can use a C3 pathway can
use a C4 pathway. B. The C4 pathway likely generates a four-
carbon molecule where the C3 pathway
C. Only C4 plants contain RuBisCo.
generates a three-carbon molecule.
D. Only C3 plants contain RuBisCo.
C. C4 plants likely have been found on four
Subscore(s): Analysis in Science continents, whereas C3 plants have only
been found on three.
D. C4 plants are able to function normally at
12 Applying Inferences to New Scenarios temperatures up to four degrees Celsius
higher than the maximum temperature at
A farmer decides to grow sugarcane in the
which C3 plants can function.
desert due to its photosynthetic-efficient
evolutionary adaptations. Is this farmer Subscore(s): Analysis in Science
correct in his logic? Why? Words in Context
A. Yes, because C4 plants are well-adapted

to arid environments.
14 Text Structure
B. Yes, because CAM plants are well-adapted
to arid environments. What is the author’s likely reason for
C. No, because C4 plants aren’t necessarily talking about cars and appliances in the first
adapted to arid environments. paragraph?
D. No, because CAM plants aren’t
A. The author uses appliance efficiency as
necessarily adapted to arid environments.
a familiar touchstone to introduce the
Subscore(s): Analysis in Science reader to the idea of photosynthetic
efficiency.
B. This passage is likely excerpted from a
larger work at a point just after the author
concluded discussing appliance efficiency.
C. The author talks about appliance
efficiency to lead into a discussion of how
photosynthetic efficiency can be used to
improve appliance efficiency.
D. The author introduces an argument
made about appliance efficiency in order
to demonstrate how it is incorrect using
evidence taken from photosynthetic
efficiency.
Subscore(s): Analysis in Science
3 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

1
15 Comparing and Contrasting 16 Citing Textual Evidence
C4 plants are similar to CAM plants in You’re talking to a friend about what you
that ________, but different in that learned in the article when your friend says,
__________. “But isn’t photosynthesis just one cycle? Why
would it function differently in the day than at
A. they have both evolved to increase night?”
photosynthetic efficiency by saturating
RuBisCo with carbon dioxide . . . they Which of the following sentences most
gather that carbon dioxide at different directly answers your friend’s questions?
times of day
A. “Plants take in carbon dioxide and
B. they both close their stomata during the water in a biochemical cycle called
day . . . CAM plants perform only the photosynthesis and convert these
light-dependent photosynthetic reactions ingredients into oxygen and glucose, a
during the day whereas C4 plants perform form of sugar used for energy storage.”
only the light-independent reactions
B. “The C4 pathway results in the saturation
during the day
of a particular enzyme, RuBisCo, with
C. they are both well suited to arid carbon dioxide.”
environments . . . C4 plants use RuBisCo,
C. “The reactions involved in photosynthesis
but CAM plants lack RuBisCo
fall into two categories: the ‘light’
D. they both use evolutionary adaptation to
reactions, which require light, and the
perform photosynthesis more efficiently . ‘light-independent’ or ‘dark’ reactions,
. . they use different mechanisms to do so which do not.”
Subscore(s): Analysis in Science D. “CAM plants close openings in their
stomata during the day and open them at
night.”
Command of Evidence
17 Sequence
Before a CAM plant can generate glucose and

oxygen, it must __________.
A. have collected water during the previous
day
B. switch from using the C3 pathway to
using the C4 pathway
C. open its stomata
D. have collected carbon dioxide during the
previous night
Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests 4

1
18 Words and Phrases in Context 19 Quantitative Information
As used in line 40, the underlined word An illustrator has prepared the following
“fix” is closest in meaning to which of the
sketch of a graph to accompany the passage,
following?
but has lost the notes he took on which label
A. Repair should be applied to each line. Which of
B. Focus on the following options is supported by the
C. Choose information in the passage?
D. Change lucose Produced at Different Times of Day
by Plants from Different Photosynthetic Pathways
Words in Context
Photosyntheiss in Sample Plants

Percent Efficiency of
A. Blue hashed circle line - CAM plants

Black triangle line - C4 plants
Red dotted square line - C3 plants
B. Blue hashed circle line - C4 plants
Red dotted square line - CAM plants
C. Blue hashed circle line - C3 plants
D. Blue hashed circle line - C4 plants
Command of Evidence

1
20 Cause and Effect 23 Comparing and Contrasting
A CAM plant opens its stomata. What can In the underlined section in lines 35–37, the
now happen? author is _____________.
A. The plant can perform the light-
dependent reactions of photosynthesis. A. contrasting the depth of interior mental
B. The plant can collect carbon dioxide. processes with the shallowness of exterior
appearances
C. The plant can prevent excess water from
B. explaining why Dorothea chooses to dress
being lost.
with such care
D. The plant can release carbon dioxide.
C. emphasizing the traits that Dorothea and
Subscore(s): Analysis in Science Celia have in common
D. contrasting clock faces with designs on
21 Point of View ancient shields
This author is best described as

__________. 24 Claims, Evidence, and Reasoning
A. objective yet engaged According to the reasoning of the passage,

B. eager yet biased why might a man hesitate to make Dorothea
an offer of marriage?
C. fascinated but patronizing
D. didactic but frustrated A. She spends too much time horseback
riding.
B. She is far more intelligent than any of her
potential suitors.
22 Purpose
C. She plans her life out according to
The second paragraph specifically serves to unusual religious principles.
D. She is jealous and spiteful.
__________.
Subscore(s): Command of Evidence
A. describe Dorothea’s love of horseback
riding
B. introduce the character of Sir James 25 Words and Phrases in Context
Chettam
In the specific context in which it is used,
C. describe how Celia and Dorothea are the underlined word “pretty” in line 51 most
perceived by their community
nearly means __________.
D. describe Dorothea’s religious tendencies,
which are unusual in her community A. physically beautiful
B. rather
C. shocking
D. charming
Subscore(s): Words in Context

1
26 Text Structure 30 Citing Textual Evidence
As a whole, the passage begins by discussing Which of the following is the best evidence
__________, and then it transitions into that the narrator sympathizes with
discussing __________. Dorothea?
A. Dorothea’s religious tendencies . . . Celia’s A. “Poor Dorothea!”
religious tendencies
B. “Yet those who approached Dorothea,
B. aspects of Dorothea’s personality that though prejudiced against her by this
bias the rural opinion against her . . . alarming hearsay found that she had a
aspects of her personality that people find charm unaccountably reconcilable with
appealing it.”
C. Dorothea’s love of horseback riding . . . C. “She was open, ardent, and not in the
Dorothea’s cluelessness about romantic least self-admiring”
relationships D. “Women were expected to have weak
D. Dorothea’s behavior . . . Dorothea’s opinions, but the great safeguard of
hobbies society and of domestic life was that
opinions were not acted on.”
Subscore(s): Command of Evidence
Dorothea is most accurately described as 31 Identifying Main Ideas and Themes
__________.
The main purpose of this passage is
A. cruel, calculating, and irreverent ____________.
B. well-meaning, naïve, and self-assured
A. to contrast Dorothea with Celia
C. talented, wise, and irreligious
D. confident, clever, and bored B. to foreshadow that Dorothea will become
very ill
C. to provide a detailed description of
28 Words and Phrases in Context Dorothea
D. to elaborate on Dorothea’s opinion of
In context, the underlined word “ardent” in men
line 50 most closely means __________.
A. passionate 32 Deciphering Statements and Implications
B. hard What is the “one hasty conclusion” that
C. opaque Passage A refers to in line 17?
D. calm
A. The idea that women and men should be
Subscore(s): Words in Context equally educated in the same manner
B. The idea that men are too focused on
29 Deciphering Statements and Implication getting women to behave in a certain
culturally prescribed way
Which physical feature of Dorothea’s helps C. The idea that men of the author’s era only
bias the community against her? treat women the way they do because they
are adhering to tradition views
A. Her nose
D. The idea that women are somehow
B. Her ears inferior to men
C. Her lips
D. Her eyes Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science

1
33 Words and Phrases in Context 35 Stylistic Word Choice
In the context in which it appears in Passage In Passage A, the author’s use of the phrase
A, the word “bubbled” in line 31 means “barren blooming” (line 25) emphasizes what
__________. she perceives as __________.
A. flattered A. the unequal power dynamic between men

B. addled and women during the author’s era
C. misunderstood B. the lack of any education for women
whatsoever during the author’s era
D. angered the wasted potential of the women of the
C.
society of her era
D. the proliferation of the treatment of
Words in Context women as females rather than human
beings
34 Identifying Main Ideas and Themes Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science
Words in Context
This passage’s main idea can best be
summarized by which of the following
sentences? 36 Summarizing and Paraphrasing
Which of the following best paraphrases lines

A. There is a definite need for books about 25–34 of Passage B?
education to be written by women.
B. Educational works written by men for
women treat women unfairly as females A. While beliefs based on logical reasoning
can be corrected, it is very difficult to
instead of human beings.
change beliefs founded on emotion.
C. Women are being failed by an educational
B. People who can distinguish their
system that does not allow them to reach arguments from emotions are generally
their full potential. more fervent in defending them.
D. Gender inequality is a terrible problem in
C. We should only accept arguments that
the author’s society. incorporate both emotion and logic.
D. People who argue from an emotional
Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science basis rarely change the opinions of those
who make logical arguments.

1
37 Citing Textual Evidence 38 Claims, Evidence, and Reasoning
Imagine that another author argues that The author of Passage B thinks it will be
during a time of great social change, the first difficult to convince people of his argument
beliefs and actions widely altered in a culture because __________.
are those that at the time are considered
the most backward and in need of change.
Which excerpt from Passage B most directly
A. he realizes that the opposition is
contradicts this claim?
emotionally grounded in their traditional
views
A. “[W]e need not . . . suppose that the B. he realizes that he lacks evidence with
barbarisms to which men cling longest which to argue his case
must be less barbarisms than those which C. he admits that his argument is complex
they earlier shake off.” and difficult to follow
B. “But it would be a mistake to suppose that D. he knows himself to be arguing from an
the difficulty of the case must lie in the emotional standpoint, not a logical one
insufficiency or obscurity of the grounds
of reason on which my convictions.” Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science
C. “[T]here are . . . many causes tending to Command of Evidence
make the feelings connected with this
subject the most intense and most deeply-
39 Identifying Main Ideas and Themes
rooted of those which gather round and
protect old institutions and custom.” One of the main points argued by the author
D. “So long as opinion is strongly rooted of Passage B is __________.
in the feelings, it gains rather than loses
instability by having a preponderating
weight of argument against it.” A. we should consider emotional arguments
and logical arguments to be of equal
Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science validity
Command of Evidence B. every valid logical argument should also
be able to be backed up with emotions
C. if someone’s conclusion is based on
emotion, arguing against it with logic will
weaken it
D. people often refuse to see reason when
arguing a point based on emotional
evidence

1
40 Paired Passages 43 Words and Phrases in Context
From these passages it is reasonable to In the phrase “gravitational lensing,”
infer that the two authors both value “lensing” most nearly means __________.
__________.
A. exclusively women’s rights A. orbiting
B. ethical equality in general B. mapping
C. social order C. absorbing
D. social decorum D. bending
Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science Subscore(s): Analysis in Science

Words in Context
41 Paired Passages
44 Purpose
Which of the following inferences could NOT
reasonably be drawn from both of these Which of the following best describes the
passages? author’s likely motivation for including the
graph with this passage?
A. The fundamental structure of society, A. To supplement the passage’s claims with

both on a social and a legal level, is specific evidence from an experiment.
inherently biased against women.
B. To help the reader visualize the
B. Social customs reinforce cultural biases. discrepancy between the predicted and
C. The subjugation of women is restricted to observed data.
the area of social mores and education. C. To provide additional information not
D. There is no reasonable ethical or factual mentioned anywhere in the passage.
basis for treating women as inferior D. To show an example of the type of data
members of society. that Oort worked with.
42 Paired Passages
It is reasonable to assume that the
positions advocated in these passages were Which of the following best summarizes this
____________ at the time they were passage’s first paragraph?
published.
A. Dark matter, a relatively recent scientific
A. in the mainstream discovery, is difficult but rewarding to
B. popular only among academics and social study.
elites B. Dark matter cannot be seen because it
C. deeply unpopular and unconventional absorbs light.
D. None of these are reasonable assumptions C. Studying anything that you cannot see is
to make about the contemporary inherently difficult.
popularity of these positions. D. Our understanding of the universe has
improved vastly in the last century.
1
46 Quantitative Information 49 Text Structure
According to the passage and the graph, Whereas the second paragraph focuses on
the observed results are __________ the __________, the third paragraph focuses
predicted results because of __________. on __________.
A. faster than . . . gravitational lensing A. how dark matter was discovered . . . how
B. faster than . . . dark matter it is researched
C. slower than . . . gravitational lensing B. what dark matter is . . . how it is
researched
D. slower than . . . dark matter
C. how dark matter is researched . . . how
dark matter was discovered
Subscore(s): Analysis in Science D. how dark matter is researched . . . what
Command of Evidence dark matter is
47 Sequence Subscore(s): Analysis in Science
Which of the following answer choices puts 50 Quantitative Information

the scientists in the order in which their
Which of the following is conveyed by the
referenced works were published, from
graph?
earliest in history to most recent?
A. A. The predicted data accounts for the

Oort, Rubin and Ford, Einstein
presence of dark matter.
B. Einstein, Oort, Rubin and Ford B. Predicted and observed data differ more
C. Einstein, Rubin and Ford, Oort for stars relatively far away from the
D. Oort, Einstein, Rubin and Ford galaxy center than for stars relatively
close to the galaxy center.
Subscore(s): Analysis in Science C. The observed data includes a decrease
in rotational velocity that has been
48 Stylistic Word Choice attributed to the presence of dark matter.
D. The predicted and observes data
For what likely purpose does the author correspond very nearly for stars near the
include the phrase “time-tested”? galaxy center due to gravitational lensing.
A. To suggest that just because the laws are Command of Evidence
traditional does not make them reliable
B. To suggest that the laws involve time as a
variable in their equations
C. To convey that scientific evidence has
proven the laws to be true over time
D. To convey that the laws have been
tested and found to be true in timed
experiments

Words in Context

1
51 Claims, Evidence, and Reasoning 52 Applying Inferences to New Scenarios
The author claims that __________ Astronomer A is studying a new galaxy
function(s) as evidence supporting the cluster. She sees three complete images of
existence of dark matter. the cluster projected around the light source.
Astronomer B, another scientist in the same
A. gravitational lensing
lab, is studying a different galaxy cluster. She
B. differences in observed and predicted only sees one incomplete image of the cluster
data in galaxy rotation curves and
projected near the light source. Based on the
gravitational lensing
passage, what can they conclude?
C. differences in observed and predicted
data in galaxy rotation curves
D. differences in observed and predicted A. Astronomer B’s galaxy cluster is located
data in galaxy rotation curves and the nearer to its source than Astronomer A’s
locations of galaxies relative to Earth cluster is to its source.
Subscore(s): Analysis in Science B. Astronomer A is closer to her galaxy
cluster than is Astronomer B.
C. Nothing can be concluded about the
relative locations of the astronomers’
galaxy clusters based on this observation
because the astronomers don’t have
any information about the rotational
velocities of galaxies in either galaxy
cluster.
D. The astronomical object bending the light
around Astronomer A’s galaxy cluster
is located nearer to its source than the
astronomical object bending the light
around Astronomer B’s galaxy cluster is
to its source.

2 Answer Key: Writing and Language Test
2
1 Coordination Between Clauses 3 Tone and Style
A. NO CHANGE The use of the word “elaborate” has what effect on

B. When a vertical garden is built, the author’s description of outdoor gardens?
wherever it is built and whoever
builds it, a frame is constructed A. It helps convey the ornate nature of
around a specifically designed some garden fences.
vertical irrigation platform. B. It helps highlight the hassle and
C. When a vertical garden is built, complications associated with
a frame is constructed around outdoor gardens.
a specifically designed vertical C. It helps ground the description by
irrigation platform. providing realistic details.
D. When someone builds a vertical D. It helps demonstrate the greater
garden is built, no matter where skill needed to maintain an outdoor
that person builds it, a frame is garden.
constructed around a specifically
designed vertical irrigation Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas
platform. Words in Context
Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions

4 Possessive Nouns and Pronouns
2 Improving Focus and Purpose A. NO CHANGE

B. animal’s
Which of the following options provides the
most relevant detail? C. animal
D. animals
A. NO CHANGE
B. such walls can also help to keep the
temperature in an enclosed space
perfectly regular. 5 Word Choice
C. such walls can also help to keep the
temperature in an enclosed space Which of the following best emphasizes the
down, as the plants absorb heat and potential importance of how the vertical
light. gardens look?
D. such walls also help to decrease
one’s energy, as they convert the A. NO CHANGE
sun’s energy into fuel. B. acetic
Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas C. artistic
D. visual
Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas

Words in Context

2
6 Logical Sequence 8 Agreement
To make this paragraph the most logical, the A. NO CHANGE

underlined sentence would best be placed B. All this is not to say that vertical
___________. gardens are being the perfect
solution to all of our problems
A. NO CHANGE
C. All this is not to say that vertical
B. The sentence is irrelevant and gardens are the perfect solution to
incoherent, and should be removed all of our problems
entirely. D. All this is not to say that vertical
C. at the beginning of the paragraph gardens were the perfect solution to
D. at the end of the paragraph, all of our problems
following the sentence citing a
World Health Organization statistic Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions
Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas 9 Modifying Proposition Statements

Command of Evidence
The writer is considering deleting the
7 Internal Sentence Punctuation underlined sentence. Should he or she do so,
and why or why not?
A. NO CHANGE A. Yes, the underlined sentence
B. In 2014, the World Health undermines the overall thesis by
Organization estimated that 54% of presenting the views of those critical
the world’s population lived in cities of the passage’s overriding thesis
or suburbs, about vertical gardens.
C. In 2014, the World Health B. Yes, the underlined sentence
Organization estimated that 54% of discusses views that are irrelevant
the world’s population lived in cities to the passage’s overall argument
or suburbs. about the popularity and viability of
D. In 2014, the World Health vertical gardens.
Organization estimated that 54% of C. No, the underlined sentence
the world’s population lived in cities provides useful context that
or suburbs . . . supports the passage’s overall
argument about the popularity and
Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions viability of vertical gardens.
D. No, the underlined sentence
provides useful context, and lends
the author’s argument legitimacy by
providing and addressing alternative
viewpoints.

Command of Evidence

2
10 Coordination Between Clauses 13 Modifier Placement
A. NO CHANGE Which choice most effectively sets up the

B. but information that follows and transitions into
C. after the next sentence?
D. Delete “because”, the first word of A. NO CHANGE
the second sentence should be “as.”
B. forcibly
Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions C. enforcibly
D. enforced
11 Concision Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions

Words in Context
How can the underlined portion best be
rewritten to convey the author’s conclusion
more efficiently?
A. NO CHANGE
B. the desire city dwellers all have is to
grow
C. the desire of city dwellers to grow
D. the desire of city dwellers to grow
the desire city dwellers that is to
grow
12 Verb Tense, Mood, and Voice
A. NO CHANGE
B. apologies
C. apologizing
D. apologize

2
14 Improving Focus and Purpose 15 Verb Tense, Mood, and Voice
Which of the following statements would be A. NO CHANGE

most relevant to the passage if added after B. and all people of Japanese descent
Location 14 ? to be excluded
C. and all people of Japanese descent
A. This pairing of specified to be excluding
bureaucratic language, whereby D. and all people of Japanese descent’s
longtime residents of America of exclusion
Japanese descent were specifically
precluded from acquiring Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions
citizenship and then systematically
punished for the lack of that
16 Introductions, Transitions, and Conclusions
citizenship, is a classic example of
institutionalized racial and cultural
prejudice. Which choice most effectively sets up the
B. The conditions of these camps, information that follows and transitions into the
in particular were deplorable in next sentence?
the sense that the residents of A. The language and regional focus of
these camps had no say in the the Order was hardly an accident,
administration of food, and no and as a result
choice as to which camp or location B. Because the relocation occurred
they were placed. only in war zones,
C. This forcible internment was C. On the other hand,
exacerbated by the extremely poor
D. In spite of this,
conditions at the camps themselves.
In particular the aforementioned
lack of medical care and food in
the camps form a particularly Analysis in History/Social Science
convincing case against any societal
or security value such internment 17 Quantitative Accuracy and Application
camps were said to provide.
D. The dollar amount of the The author’s inclusion of this statement
reparations is clear evidence of serves to __________.
not only the grievous nature of A. indicate that the given statistics are
the violation of the individual inaccurate
human rights of those held, but B. suggest that the source of the given
of the extremely wide scale of the statistics was biased
internment.
C. illustrate the validity of the given
Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas statistics
Command of Evidence D. provide context for the previous
Analysis in History/Social Science statement
Command of Evidence
Analysis in History/Social Science

2
18 Tone and Style 21 Combining Sentences
Which of the following could replace the word Which of the following is the best way to
“urban” to better describe the placement of combine the final two sentences of this
the camps in remote deserts? passage?
A. crowded A. Multiple families were packed
B. tempered into areas built for a single family:
C. uninhabitable medical care and food were often
lacking.
D. sparse
B. Multiple families were packed
Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas into areas built for a single family,
Words in Context medical care and food were often
Analysis in History/Social Science lacking.
C. Multiple families were packed into
areas built for a single family, and
19 Complete and Incomplete Sentences medical care and food were often
lacking.
A. NO CHANGE D. All of the provided options create
B. featured incessantly high winds grammatical errors. The sentences
as well as many large fluctuations cannot be combined.
between day and night.
C. featured incessant high winds
as well as large fluctuations in
temperature between day and night.
D. featured incessant high winds as 22 Logical Sequence
well as large fluctuations in between
day and night. The author of this passage wants to break the
Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions final paragraph into two paragraphs, both
discussing different aspects of the conditions
of the internment. What is the best point at
20 Introductions, Transitions, and Conclusions which to do so?
A. NO CHANGE A. Before the sentence beginning with
B. But “Additionally”
B. After the sentence ending with
C. In addition to
“extreme weather conditions”
D. On top of this,
C. Before the sentence beginning with
Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions “Multiple families”
D. There is no logical point at which to
break this paragraph.

2
23 Modifying Proposition Statements 25 Modifying Proposition Statements
The first sentence’s underlined claim The author’s inclusion and explanation of
performs which of the following functions? the initial Indian name for chess serves what
purpose in the passage overall?
A. It sets the tone with a bold,
aggressive claim. A. Provides initial historical detail and
B. It provides an initial thesis context, setting the tone for this
statement about the historical historical treatment of the subject.
development of chess through the B. Provides key details needed to
ages that is supported by the rest of support the author’s overall claims
the passage. about the progress of the social
C. It provides an initial perspective significance of the game.
against which the rest of the passage C. It serves very little purpose, and
argues. is just included as a noteworthy
D. It fulfills a purely grammatical historical aside.
function, linking the clauses of the D. It serves no purpose, and should be
sentences. This claim is irrelevant to removed for concision and clarity’s
the content of the passage itself. sake.
Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas
Command of Evidence Words in Context
24 Modifier Placement 26 Logical Sequence
A. NO CHANGE Which of the following locations is the best

B. The game originally originated in location for the sentence, “Chess didn’t just
sixth-century BCE India, called remain in India; it spread as the culture
“chaturanga.” contacted others”?
C. The game originated as
A. Location [1]
“chaturanga” in sixth-century BCE
India. B. Location [2]
D. Originally called “chaturanga” in C. Location [3]
sixth-century BCE India, the game D. Location [4]
originated.
27 Parallel Structure
A. NO CHANGE
B. it is based on skill and just not on
luck
C. it is just based on skill, and not on
luck
D. it is based on skill and not on luck

2
28 Improving Focus and Purpose 29 Internal Sentence Punctuation
If a sentence directly comparing the A. NO CHANGE

complexity of the gameplay of chess and B. These adapted rules changed the
checkers were inserted at the end of the strategy players used: since a pawn
second paragraph it would __________. moved all the way to the opponents’
side of the board can become a
A. help to emphasize the passage’s
queen and dramatically change the
fundamental purpose of highlighting
balance of power in a game, the new
the beauty and complexity of chess
rules made moving one’s pawns to
gameplay through a meaningful
the other side of the board a more
comparison
crucial part of chess strategy.
B. help to improve the overall focus
C. These adapted rules changed the
of the essay by ending a digression
strategy players used, and since
about monarchs and ecclesiastical
a pawn moved all the way to the
leaders and refocusing the
opponents’ side of the board can
paragraph on the logistics of chess
become a queen and dramatically
gameplay
change the balance of power in a
C. distract from the historical focus of game, the new rules made moving
the passage by inserting completely one’s pawns to the other side of the
irrelevant content about the board a more crucial part of chess
gameplay of another game strategy.
D. distract from the logistical, D. These adapted rules changed the
game-theoretical focus of the pas- strategy players used, and since
sage by inserting content about a pawn moved all the way to the
the gameplay of a totally separate, opponents’ side of the board can
unrelated game become a queen and dramatically
Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas change the balance of power in a
game, the new rules made moving
one’s pawns to the other side of the
board a more crucial part of chess
strategy.

2
30 Agreement 33 Complete and Incomplete Sentences
A. NO CHANGE The World Chess Federation (FIDE), founded

B. Standardized and competitive chess in 1924 and presiding over the titles of “Grand
tournaments became popular as a Master” and “World Chess Champion” ever
sport since.
C. Standardized-competitive chess
A. NO CHANGE
tournaments became popular as
sporting events B. The World Chess Federation
D. Standardized, competitive chess (FIDE) was founded in 1924, and
tournaments became popular as has presided over the titles of
sporting events “Grand Master” and “World Chess
Champion” ever since.
Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions C. The World Chess Federation
(FIDE), founded in 1924, presided
31 Tone and Style over the titles of “Grand Master”
and “World Chess Champion” ever
since.
Which of the following options best
D. The World Chess Federation (FIDE)
emphasizes that the players took a long time
founded in 1924 has presided over
in making their moves?
the titles of “Grand Master” and
A. NO CHANGE “World Chess Champion” ever since.
B. deliberated about Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions
C. critiqued
D. selected 34 Agreement
Words in Context A. NO CHANGE
B. Mechanics, quantum and classical,
represent two different ways
32 Modifying Proposition Statements
C. Quantum mechanics is one
representation, and classical
Which of the following details would be most mechanics another,
relevant to the passage if inserted after a D. Quantum mechanics and classical
comma at Location 33 (Assume they are all mechanics represent two different
true statements). ways
A. but many people who play chess Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions
casually today don’t use time limits
B. even though hourglasses could be
unreliable
C. with the first timed tournament
being held in 1861
D. but some people didn’t like the
change
Command of Evidence

2
35 Nonrestrictive/Parenthetical Punctuation 37 Logical Sequence
A. NO CHANGE The author of this passage wants to break

B. This can range from the small-scale, apart the first paragraph into two paragraphs
such as an apple falling off of a tree, at a point that will most distinguish quantum
to the large-scale, such as the orbits mechanics from classical mechanics. At which
of planets. of the following points should the author
C. This can range from the small- break apart the paragraph?
scale—such as an apple falling off of
A. Location [1]
a tree—to the large-scale such as the
orbits of planets. B. Location [2]
D. This can range, from the small-scale C. Location [3]
such as an apple falling off of a tree, D. Location [4]
to the large-scale, such as the orbits
of planets.
Analysis in Science
38 Coordination Between Clauses

36 Concision
A. NO CHANGE
Which of the following could be added to B. Experiments in this field involve
the passage at Location 36 to connect the electrons, photons, particles, waves,
sentences before and after this location? and other phenomena that are
A. Problems in classical mechanics either not visible with the naked
involve rolling, pushing, dropping, eye or not visible with powerful
falling, throwing, and bouncing. microscopes.
B. High school physics classes C. Experiments in this field involve
frequently cover classical electrons, photons, particles, waves,
mechanics. and other phenomena that are not
visible with the naked eye and are
C. Hypothetical problems are
often not visible with powerful
considered commonplace in
microscopes.
quantum mechanics.
D. Experiments in this field involve
D. Classical mechanics, also known as
electrons, photons, particles, waves,
Newtonian mechanics, was initially
and other phenomena that are on
proposed by Sir Isaac Newton.
the one hand not visible with the na-
Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas ked eye and on the other not visible
Command of Evidence with powerful microscopes.
Analysis in Science Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions

2
39 Possessive Nouns and Pronouns 41 Tone and Style
A. NO CHANGE Which of the following verb phrases can best

B. In addition, many of quantum replace the underlined phrase to emphasize
mechanics core experiments yield the effort that scientists put into attempting
inherently puzzling results that to make sense of the phenomena being
are not as neat and tidy as those discussed?
produced by classical mechanics
A. NO CHANGE
calculations
C. In addition, many of quantum B. did not make sense in terms of
mechanic’s core experiments yield traditional concepts
inherently puzzling results that C. dodged traditional explanations
are not as neat and tidy as those D. were revolutionary in the scientific
produced by classical mechanic’s community
calculations Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas
D. In addition, many of quantum me-
Words in Context
chanics’s core experiments yield in-
Analysis in Science
herently puzzling results that are not
as neat and tidy as those produced
by classical mechanics’s calculations 42 Improving Focus and Purpose
The author is considering omitting the phrase
“much more so than picturing a falling apple”
40 Word Choice that concludes the second paragraph. Should
the author do this?
Which of the following could replace the word
“demonstrated” to indicate the theoretical
nature of Young’s conclusions from the A. Yes, because the author has
double-slit experiment? associated the falling apple with
classical mechanics, not quantum
A. proved mechanics, so it interrupts the flow
B. indicated of the paragraph.
C. suggested B. Yes, because falling apples are
D. illustrated associated with Newton, and the
paragraph has concluded talking
about Young.
Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas C. No, because the phrase is necessary
Words in Context to lead the reader into the next
Analysis in Science paragraph and without it, the
passage would be confusing.
D. No, because the phrase contrasts
quantum mechanics with classical
mechanics, working toward the
purpose of the passage.

Command of Evidence
2
43 Combining Sentences 44 Coordination Between Clauses
Which of the following is the best way to A. NO CHANGE

combine the underlined sentences? B. Just remember: just because
classical mechanics is as active in
A. Modern scientists, paying particular
pushing the frontiers of scientific
attention to moments in which
knowledge doesn’t mean that it is a
they are incompatible, continue to
core part of a physics education.
investigate the ways in which the
C. Remember: just because classical
two systems of thought interact
mechanics isn’t as active in pushing
B. Paying particular attention to
the frontiers of scientific knowledge
moments in which they are
means that it isn’t a core part of a
incompatible, modern scientists
physics education.
continue to investigate the ways in
D. Remember: just because classical
which the two systems of thought
mechanics isn’t as active in pushing
interact.
the frontiers of scientific knowledge
C. Modern scientists continue to
doesn’t mean that it isn’t a core part
investigate the ways in which the
of a physics education.
two systems of thought interact,
paying particular attention to Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions
moments in which they are
incompatible.
D. The two systems of thought
continue to be investigated by
modern scientists, paying particular
attention to moments in which they
are incompatible.

Analysis in Science

3 Answer Key: Math Test - No Calculator
3
3 Linear Equations and Inequalities
Questions 1–2 refer to the following information.
A chemical solution is made of water and
some mystery Liquid Q. There is 9 ml of
Equation of Object A: Liquid Q and a total of 15 ml of the new
chemical solution. If the new chemical
x 2 − 4 x + 4 + 6 y + 9 = − y2 + 9 solution is 78% Liquid Q, what is the equation
to solve for the amount of water, W, in the
Equation of Object B: solution?
x 2 = 16 − y 2 A. W ( 0.22 ) + 9 ( 0.78 ) = 15
B. W ( 0.78 ) + 9 ( 0.22 ) = 15
Equation of Object C:
C. 9W + 0.78 = 15
y = ( x + 2)2
D. (1 + W )W + 9 = 15
1 Graphing Circles Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra

Analysis in Science
What is the shape of Object A?
A. Circle centered at (–2, 3) with radius of 3 4 Complex Equations in Context
B. Ellipse centered at (4, 9) with major axis 2 Let x and y be numbers such that x and y are
both nonzero and x > y. If half of x is equal
C. Parabola with vertex at (–3, 2), opening to thirty percent of the positive difference
upwards
D. Circle centered at (2, –3) with radius of 3 between x and y, then what is the ratio of x to
y?
Subscore(s): Passport to Advanced Math
2
A.
3
2 Systems of Equations
3
B. −
Which is a point where Object B and Object C 2
intersect? 3
C.
2
A. ( −1, 4 ) 2
D. −
B. ( 2, 4 ) 3
C. ( 0, 4 ) Subscore(s): Passport to Advanced Math
D. ( −2, 4 )

3
5 Linear Equations and Inequalities 7 Linear Equations and Inequalities
According to a recent sociological study, it What is the function value of Line 2 when
was found that the likelihood of a bystander x = 8?
responding to an incident, r, decreased
linearly with respect to the number of A. 2
bystanders, b, present at the time of the B. 4
incident. Which of the given functions could
C. –1
potentially represent this phenomenon
mathematically? D. 0
A. r = −0.35b + 2 Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra
B. r = 1.36b − 0.4
C. b = −0.8 r + 2.5
D. b = 4 r − 0.12
A farm in Oklahoma is circular in shape. If
Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra the irrigation system dispenses 300 gallons
Analysis in History/ Social Science of water a day to 5π of the farm, in degrees,
6
how much of the farm is receiving irrigation?

A. 150°
Line 1 is depicted by the equation y = 2 x − 7 and B. 130°

Line 2 is depicted by the equation 2 y + x = 8. C. 92°
D. 125°
6 Properties of Linear Graphs
Subscore(s): Additional Topics in Math
What is the relationship between Line 1 and
Line 2?
9 Exponential Expressions
A. The lines are parallel.
B. The lines are perpendicular. Solve for x: 4 5 x +10 = 2(2 3 x −1 )
C. The equations result in the same line. 20

A. x =
D. 22 22 7
The lines intersect at ( , ).
3 3 7
B. x = −
Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra 20
20
C. x = −
7
7
D. x =
20

3
10 Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities
Kim is selling tickets for the fall showcase at
her school. Adult tickets cost $5 each and a
children’s ticket costs $2. Kim has 150 tickets There is a sale going on at the local mall. For five
to sell and wants to make at least $375. days everything in the mall is discounted 25%.
Which system of inequalities represents this
scenario? 12 Complex Equations in Context
A. 5 c + 2 a ≥ 375 A sweater that was originally $80.00 is part

c + a ≤ 150 of the mall-wide discount. If the sales tax is
B. 5 c + 2 a ≤ 375 7.5%, how much does the sweater cost?
c + a ≥ 150
C. 5 c + 2 a = 375 A. $64.50
c + a ≤ 150
B. $64.00
D. 2 c + 5 a ≥ 375
c + a = 150 C. $72.25
Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra D. $74.50

11 Expanding Polynomial Expressions
Expand the polynomial: 13 Function Notation
( x − 2 y + z )2 If the sales tax is uniform across the stores in

the mall at 7.5%, what would the equation to
A. x 2 + 4 y 2 + z 2 + 4 xy − 4 yz + 2 xz
find the total cost of a discounted item be and
B. x 2 + 4 y 2 + z 2 − 4 xy − 4 yz + 2 xz what would f (44) be?
C. x 2 + 4 y 2 + z 2 − 4 xy − 4 yz − 2 xz 3x
A. f ( x ) = (1 + 0.075); f (44) = $35.48
D. x − 4 y + z − 4 xy − 4 yz + 2 xz
2 2 2
4
x
Subscore(s): Passport to Advanced Math B. f ( x ) = (1 + 0.075); f (44) = $35.48
4
3x
C. f ( x ) = (1 + 0.075); f (44) = $45.48
4
1x
D. f ( x ) = (1 + 0.075); f (44) = $55.48
4

3
14 Graphing Circles 16 Properties of Linear Graphs
Given ( x − 4)2 + y 2 − 14 y + 49 = 36, what is Bob lives 8 blocks east and 2 blocks north
the center, radius, and equation of the circle of his school. If he walked a straight line to
in standard form? his school and that line is then written as a
function on a graph, what would be the slope
of the line?
Center = (−4, −7)
A. Radius = 6 1 / 4 . 2 5
( x − 4)2 + ( y − 7)2 = 36
/ / / /
Center = (4, −7) . . . . . . . .
B. Radius = 36 0 0 0 0 0 0
( x − 4)2 + ( y − 7)2 = 36
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Center = (−4, 7) 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
C. Radius = 6 3 3 3 3 or 3 3 3 3
( x − 4)2 + ( y − 7)2 = 36
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
Center = (4, 7) 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
D. Radius = 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
( x − 4)2 + ( y − 7)2 = 36 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
15 Complex Numbers Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra
Which of the following is equivalent to the 17 Quadratic Functions and Equations

given expression?
Find the solution to the following equation:
(8 − 3i )(6 + 4 i ) − (16i × 4 i )
4 x 2 − 12 x + 9 = 0
A. 36 + 22i 3 / 2 1 . 5
B. 28 + 14 i / / / /
C. 60 + 6i
. . . . . . . .
0 0 0 0 0 0
D. 28 − 18i
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 or 2 2 2 2
Subscore(s): Additional Topics in Math 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

3
19 Properties of Linear Graphs
If the slope of the line is –10, what is the
x-coordinate of the x-intercept of the line?
A line on a graph is seen to have the format of
y = ax + b. The line has a y-intercept at 2. 1 / 5 . 2
/ / / /
18 Linear Equations and Inequalities . . . . . . . .
What is the slope of the line if it contains the
0 0 0 0 0 0
point (4, 6)? 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
or
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
/ /
. . . . 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
0 0 0
7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
1 1 1 1
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
2 2 2 2
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4 Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra
5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 20 Defining Polygons
9 9 9 9
In an isosceles right triangle, if the
Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra hypotenuse is 10 2, what is the area of the
triangle?
5 0
/ /
. . . .
0 0 0
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4
5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9

4 Answer Key: Math Test - Calculator
4
1 Properties of Linear Graphs 3 Probability
An engineer is plotting a grid over a section A flower is picked at random from the field.
of farm land. There are 36 parallel rows of 18 What is the chance that the flower is yellow?
plants, with a perpendicular irrigation line
1
every 6 plants. If the first plant is plotted at A.
the point (–10, 2), and the second is plotted 5
at (–8, 2), and so forth, which of the follow- 49
B.
ing equations could represent the path of an 235
irrigation line? 2
C.
5
A. x = 0
9
B. y = −6 D.
47
C. y = −16
D. x = 10 Subscore(s): Problem Solving and Data Analysis
Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra 4 Conversions: Units, Ratios, Proportions, and %

What percentage of the flowers are blue?
Questions 2–4 refer to the following information. A. 20.0%

B. 19.1%
A field is surveyed and found to have 235 C. 20.9%
wildflowers in a variety of colors: red, blue, yellow,
and purple. There are 45 blue flowers. One-fifth of D. 21.2%
the flowers are red. Forty percent are purple. The
Subscore(s): Problem Solving and Data Analysis
rest are yellow.
5 Function Notation
2 Conversions: Units, Ratios, Proportions, and %
Which color of flower is most abundant? f ( x ) = x 2 − 7 x + 14
1
A. Blue g( x ) = − x 2 + 3x − 6
2
B. Red Solve g ( f ( 3)) .
C. Yellow
A. 2
D. Purple
3
B. −
Subscore(s): Problem Solving and Data Analysis 2
C. −2
5
D.
4

4
8 Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities
Questions 6–8 refer to the following information. 1 and a y-intercept of
Line C has a slope of −
2
Line A is defined as y = 4 x + 2. Line B intersects 1 Where does Line C intersect Line A?
.
Line A at the point (–1, –2) and has an x-intercept 2
of (1, 0).
1 2
A. (− , )
6 Linear Equations and Inequalities 3 3
Which of the given points is a point on Line
1
B. ( , 0)
A? 2
A. ( −16, −62 )
1
C. (2, )
4
B. (14, 50 )
4 1
D. (− , )
C. ( 8, 46 ) 3 2
D. ( −10, −24 )
Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra
7 Linear Equations and Inequalities 9 Defining Polygons
What is the equation for Line B? What is the area of the triangle enclosed by
the lines below?
A. y = −2 x − 1
y = 2x − 6
B. y = −2 x + 1
x =1
C. y = x + 1
D. y = x − 1 y = –2 x + 6
Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra A. 6

B. 16
C. 12
D. 8

4
The laws of kinematics and Newtonian
mechanics result in the following equation to
describe the velocity of an object traveling at a A historian hypothesizes that there was a
constant acceleration over a period of time: correlation between the average age of members an
ancient society and the consumption of cultivated
grains in that society. After researching the topic,
v = vo + at
she collected the following data:
m
If a car is moving at 36 when it hits the
s Average Age Grain Consumption
m (years) (kg/person/year)
brakes, decelerating at a rate of 144 2 ,
s Society 1 34.2 146.13
how long does it take for the car to come to a
Society 2 24.6 144.69
complete stop?
Society 3 27.4 145.11
A. 3.6 seconds
Society 4 25.3 144.80
B. 0.25 seconds
Society 5 20.1 144.02
C. 1.4 seconds
D. 6.3 seconds
11 Modeling Data
Analysis in Science Does a correlation exist between average age
and grain consumption?
A. Yes; there is negative linear correlation

B. Yes; there is a positive exponential
correlation
C. Yes; there is a positive linear correlation
D. No; there is no correlation


4
12 Introductory Statistics 14 Trigonometric Operations
What is the median grain consumption of the A 10-foot ladder leans against a vertical wall.
societies surveyed? The base of the ladder is 4.5 feet from the
base of the wall. What is the angle between
A. 144.80 kg/person/year the top of the ladder and the wall? Round to
the nearest hundredth.
B. 144.69 kg/person/year
C. 144.95 kg/person/year A. 26.74°
D. 144.75 kg/person/year B. 32.46°
Subscore(s): Problem Solving and Data Analysis C. 36.18°

Analysis in History/Social Science D. 37.96°
13 Introductory Statistics
Society 3 invades the territory of Society 1, 15 Quadratic Functions and Equations

merging the two into a new demographic.
The position of a remote control car in
What is the average age of the newly formed
relation to the time in seconds, t, is given by
society if the populations of the two original
the function below.
societies were equal?
f (t ) = −1.8 + 0.4 t + 0.25t 2
A. 27.4 years
B. 30.8 years At what time is the car’s position equal to 0?
C. 32.3 years
A. 3.6 seconds
D. 26.9 years
B. 1 second
Subscore(s): Problem Solving and Data Analysis C. 2 seconds
Analysis in History/Social Science D. 1.8 seconds

Analysis in Science

4
16 Rational Equations and Expressions 17 Properties of Linear Graphs
Simplify the given expression. Which of the given functions has the greatest
y-intercept?
(6 x 2 + 5 x − 4)(8 x 3 − 36 x 2 − 72 x )
( x − 3)(3x 2 − 14 x − 24) A. Function A
x −1 B. Function B
A.
3x − 2 C. Function C
x2 + 3 D. Function D
B.
( x − 6)(3x + 3)
2 x ( x − 1)( x + 3)
C. 18 Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities
(2 x + 4)(2 x − 4)
4 x (2 x − 1)(2 x + 3) Which of the following is a solution to both
D.
x−3 Function A and Function B?
Subscore(s): Passport to Advanced Math 3 21

A. (− , )
2 4
7 9
Questions 17–19 refer to the following information. B. ( , − )
2 4
7
C. (1, − )
2
11 5
D. ( , − )
2 2

Graph of Function A Graph of Function B What is Function D?
A. y = x + 2
B. y = x 2 + 2
C. y = x+2
D. y = x 2 + 2 x
Graph of Function C Graph of Function D

4
20 Exponential Functions 21 Introductory Statistics
Alison deposits $324 in the bank. The deposit What is the average absorbance of the
accumulates interest such that the amount in samples tested?
her account is given by the function:
12 t A. 0.7330
0.021
f (t ) = 324 1 + B. 0.7338
12
C. 0.7328
If t is the time in years, what is Alison’s bank D. 0.7317
balance after 37 years?
A. $1028.20 Analysis in Science
B. $648.00
22 Modeling Data
C. $498.15
What is the average concentration in moles,
D. $704.20 M, of the solutions tested?
Subscore(s): Passport to Advanced Math A. 0.95 M
B. 3.57 M
C. 0.15 M
Questions 21–23 refer to the following information. D. 2.81 M
A chemist mixing a solution of cobalt (II)
chloride to a very specific concentration. Subscore(s): Problem Solving and Data Analysis
To test the accuracy of the solution Analysis in Science
concentration, the chemist evaluates the
absorbance of samples from several different
trials using spectrophotometry. His results 23 Introductory Statistics
are given in the table below.
The chemist attempts to mix another solution
Absorbance with a concentration of 0.08M. Testing the
Trial 1 0.7321 absorbance of the sample results in a reading
of 0.3649. What is the percent error in the
Trial 2 0.7364 concentration of the sample?
Trial 3 0.7342
Trial 4 0.7330 A. 7.05%
Trial 5 0.7283
B. 6.97%
C. 7.12%
The concentration, C, is related to
the absorbance, A, via the equation D. 7.18%
A = 4.86C + 0.0038.
Analysis in Science

4
24 Three-Dimensional Geometry 25 Modeling Data
A sculptor has exactly 420 grams of a Given his findings in the table, which of the
particular metal alloy that has a density of given graphs represents the relationship
described?
g
1.4 . Which of the following constructions
cm 3
could not be created with these materials?
A. A cube with a diagonal of 9.6 cm across A.

each face
B. A sphere with a radius of 3.95 cm
C. A cone with a radius of 3.2 cm and a

height of 19.4 cm
A cube with a height of 1.8 cm attached
D. to the top of a cylinder with a radius of
3 cm and a height of 1.8 cm
B.

An ecologist finds that the amount of
cyanobacteria in a river water sample varies
by a linear relationship with the distance of
the sample from the point where the river C.
meets the ocean. His results are given below.
Distance from Mouth of River (m)

0 25 50 100 500 1000
Cyanobacteria 1050 1040 1030 1010 850 650
(ppm)
D.

Analysis in Science

4
26 Introductory Statistics 28 Exponential Functions
The ecologist finds that a water sample taken A researcher is attempting to model the
250 meters from the river mouth contains native population of an isolated island in the
1000ppm of cyanobacteria, and suspects Pacific Ocean. She finds that the population
an error in the calibration of his testing is 2500 people in 2014 and 2545 in 2015.
equipment. What is the percent error in these What exponential function could be used to
findings, with respect to the linear trend? describe the native population in terms of
years, t, after 2014?
A. 0.3%
A. (2500 + 0.018)t
B. 8.2%
C. 1.9% B. 2500(1 + 0.018)t
D. 5.3% C. 2500 + (1 + 0.018)t
Subscore(s): Problem Solving and Data Analysis D. 2500(1 − 0.018)t

Analysis in Science
27 Probability Questions 29–30 refer to the following information.
A student flips a coin four times. What is the

The average age of Ms. Meyer’s children is 12.4.
probability that at least half of the results are
She has four children. Abigail is 9 years and 3
heads? months. Brett is 11 years and 8 months. Candice is
15 years and 2 months.
A. 50%
B. 25% 29 Introductory Statistics
C. 40% How old is Ms. Meyer’s fourth child, Dallas?

D. 69% A. 13 years and 6 months
B. 12 years and 4 months
C. 16 years and 2 months
D. 14 years and 3 months

4
30 Conversions: Units, Ratios, Proportions, and % 32 Simplifying Polynomial Expressions
What is the range of the ages of Ms. Meyer’s a is a constant such that the equation is true
children? for all values of x. What is the value of a?
( x − 1)(2 x 2 − ax + 6) = 2 x 3 − 6 x 2 + 10 x − 6
A. 9 years and 3 months
B. 4 years and 5 months 4
C. 5 years and 11 months / /
D. 7 years and 8 months . . . .
0 0 0
Subscore(s): Problem Solving and Data Analysis 1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2
3 3 3 3
4 4 4 4
31 Linear Equations and Inequalities 5 5 5 5
A team of three archaeologists are capable 6 6 6 6
of excavating 6 m 3 per day. After two days, a 7 7 7 7
fourth archaeologist joins the team, allowing 8 8 8 8
them to excavate 8 m 3 per day. After another 9 9 9 9
two days, a fifth archaeologist joins the team.
If the addition of the fifth archaeologist Subscore(s): Passport to Advanced Math
follows the same function as the addition of
the fourth, how many cubic meters of the site
will have been excavated by the end of the Questions 33–34 refer to the following information.
seventh day?
5 8 Mrs. Sally’s eighth grade class has four unit tests

throughout the school year along with a midterm
/ /
test and a final test There are eight students in Mrs.
. . . .
Sally’s class and the class average after the midterm
0 0 0 test is 82. The midterm test is worth 100 points and is
1 1 1 1 composed of thirty multiple choice questions, which
2 2 2 2 are worth two points each, and five essay questions
3 3 3 3 that are worth eight points a piece. All of the tests are
4 4 4 4 worth the same number of points.
5 5 5 5
6 6 6 6
7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9


4
33 Introductory Statistics 35 Systems of Equations
If the class average on the first two unit tests k and m are constants. The function
was 85, what was the class average on the f ( x ) = x 2 − kx + 3 intersects the function
midterm test? g( x ) = – kx + m at the point ( – 1,6). What is
k
7 6 the value of ?
m
/ /
. . . . 1 / 2 . 5
0 0 0 / / / /
1 1 1 1 . . . . . . . .
2 2 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
4 4 4 4 2 2 2 2 or 2 2 2 2
5 5 5 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
6 6 6 6 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
7 7 7 7 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
8 8 8 8 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
9 9 9 9 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
34 Conversions: Units, Ratios, Proportions, and %
Billy is a student is Mrs. Sally’s class. He
answers 20 out of the 35 midterm questions 36 Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities
correctly. Of those answered correctly, 15 of
If f ( x ) has a positive slope of 2 and a
them were multiple choice. What was Billy’s
y-intercept at (0, 3) and g( x ) = 7 x − 7, what is
grade on the midterm test?
the x-coordinate of the point where these two
lines intersect?
7 0
/ / 2
. . . . / /
0 0 0 . . . .
1 1 1 1 0 0 0
2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1
3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2
4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3
5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4
6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5
7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6
8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7
9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9

4
37 Conversions: Units, Ratios, Proportions, and % 38 Systems of Linear Equations and Inequalities
A recipe calls for 2 cups of flour, 4 tablespoons Solve for y in the following system of linear
of baking soda, 12 ounces of sugar, and 1 equations.
cup of water. If there are 16 tablespoons in a x + 2 y + 3z = 10
cup and 2 tablespoons per ounce, how many
tablespoons of dry ingredients does the recipe y − 4z = 5
call for? x+y= 4
6 0
/ / 3 9 / 7 5 . 5 7
. . . . / / / /
0 0 0 . . . . . . . .
1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 or 1 1 1 1
3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

Answer - Explanations

Încărcat de

Informații document

Titlu original

Drepturi de autor

Formate disponibile

Partajați acest document

Partajați sau inserați document

Opțiuni de partajare

Vi se pare util acest document?

Este necorespunzător acest conținut?

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

Answer - Explanations

Încărcat de

Drepturi de autor:

Formate disponibile

1 Answer Key: Reading Test

3 Comparing and Contrasting A. the author couldn’t be sure if material had

Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests CONTINUE

Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

A. Yes, because C4 plants are well-adapted

3 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

Before a CAM plant can generate glucose and

Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests 4

Photosyntheiss in Sample Plants

A. Blue hashed circle line - CAM plants

5 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

This author is best described as

A. objective yet engaged According to the reasoning of the passage,

Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests 6

7 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

A. flattered A. the unequal power dynamic between men

Which of the following best paraphrases lines

Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests 8

9 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

Subscore(s): Analysis in History/Social Science Subscore(s): Analysis in Science

A. The fundamental structure of society, A. To supplement the passage’s claims with

47 Sequence Subscore(s): Analysis in Science

Which of the following answer choices puts 50 Quantitative Information

A. A. The predicted data accounts for the

Subscore(s): Analysis in Science

11 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

Subscore(s): Analysis in Science

Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests 12

A. NO CHANGE The use of the word “elaborate” has what effect on

Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions

2 Improving Focus and Purpose A. NO CHANGE

Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas

13 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

To make this paragraph the most logical, the A. NO CHANGE

Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas 9 Modifying Proposition Statements

Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas

Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests 14

A. NO CHANGE Which choice most effectively sets up the

11 Concision Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions

Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas

12 Verb Tense, Mood, and Voice

Subscore(s): Standard English Conventions

15 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

Which of the following statements would be A. NO CHANGE

Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests 16

17 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

24 Modifier Placement 26 Logical Sequence

A. NO CHANGE Which of the following locations is the best

Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests 18

If a sentence directly comparing the A. NO CHANGE

19 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

A. NO CHANGE The World Chess Federation (FIDE), founded

Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests 20

A. NO CHANGE The author of this passage wants to break

38 Coordination Between Clauses

21 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

A. NO CHANGE Which of the following verb phrases can best

Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas

Which of the following is the best way to A. NO CHANGE

Subscore(s): Expression of Ideas

23 Contact Us: 888.888.0446 www.varsitytutors.com/practice-tests

1 Graphing Circles Subscore(s): Heart of Algebra

A. Circle centered at (–2, 3) with radius of 3 4 Complex Equations in Context