Name: Miguel Ángel Rodríguez Calderón level: B1-2

1) Relative pronouns

Who/ That refer to people
Which/ That refer to object, animals
Whose refers to possession?
When refers to a moment in time
Where refers to a particular place
They caught the man who/ that spied for China
I lost the map which/that she gave me
She complained to the man whose dog bit her
Valentine Day is a day when people are happy
We visited the house where our father was born

Rewrite each pair of sentence as one sentence

 Robert is going to get married. He is a lawyer who
Robert is going to get married who is a lawyer

 My parents are taking the bus. It leaves at 3:30 that

My parents are taking the bus that it leaves at 3:30

 The bag was very heavy. I had to carry it which

The bag was very heavy which I had to carry it

 I was introduced to Mary. Her mother is my mother’s friend whose

I was introduced to Mary whose her mother is my mother’s friend

 This is the town. My mother grew up there where

This is the town where my mother grew up there

Complete the sentences with relative pronouns

a) Christopher Columbus was the sailor who/that discovered America
b) This food has an ingredient which/ that is very sweet
c) The house where I was born is now for sale
d) The reckless driver who/that ran the red light crashed his car
e) Clearance sales, which/that happen rarely, are great ways to save money
f) Spiders, which/ that build beautiful webs, eat the flies they catch
Fill in the blanks with who or which
 This is the chair on which I sat
 John is the student who speaks English well
 Was it tom who ate lunch with you?
 The movie which we saw was very good
Change these sentences to use whose
 To whom does this notebook belong to?
Whose notebook this belong to?

 To whom does that coat belong to?

Whose coat that belong to?

 To whom does that jumper belong to?

Whose jumper that belong to?

Choose
 The fish, which Tom bought, is very fresh
 Mary is the girl who mother is a famous actress
 Peter is the actor who will play the role of super-hero
 This is the book which I need?
 The lady who you spoke to is a doctor
 Jeff who house was on fire is my teacher
 She has a dog which eyes are big
 My uncle who lives in Germany will be back next week
 The police want to find out who drove the red car into the shop window
 My cousin who lives in Brazil will be back next month
 The dog which is under the chair is cute
 I was born in 1936 when the civil war started

2) Relative pronouns choose why, what when, who, which, where and whose.
1. These are the books which I am studying this year
2. Amy is the girl who mother works as a children’s dentist
3. I don’t know what are the correct answers to these questions
4. Paris is the place where I want to go on holiday
5. This is the watch which my grandfather gave to me
6. I don’t understand why we pollute our planet
7. Kate was really sad when her pet cat died
8. Antonio is the waiter who will be serving us tonight
9. That’s the dog which ate my books and my homework
10. People who love money don’t love each other
11. Do you know where this taxi is?
12. John drinks a lot of water when he finishes football training
13. Simon can’t decide what to eat first. He’s starving
14. Summer time is when relax and sunbathe
15. That’s the church where my parents got married
 16. Elephants are the animals which make me want to go to Africa
17. Jenny loves tennis. That’s why she practices every day
18. The kitchen is where Marcos spend most of his time cooking
19. Betty can’t choose which blouse to wear today
20. I always have a bath when I feel dirty or tired
21. Can you tell me where is this fairy tales bed?
3) Relative pronouns
Pay attention to the following sentences:
The girl who is raising her hand is an excellent pupil
Next to her there is a boy whose favorite task in class is talking to his partner
There is a boy sleeping in class, which is a forbidden thing to do in class
The boy that is standing in the middle is Paul
The word in bold are relative pronouns. Relative pronouns replace nouns and also link sentences.
They have the same form singular and plural
The girl who is raising her hand is an excellent pupil
The girls who are raising their hands are excellent pupils

 Who, whom and whose are only used with persons

 Which is only used with things or animals
 That is used for things and persons
 Sometimes we can omit the relative pronoun, when it is not the subject of the verb e.g.
The museum that I visited /The museum I visited

A) Link the two sentences by means of who or which

 The man was wearing sunglasses. He works as a private investigator

The man was wearing sunglasses who He works as a private investigator

 My mother made a delicious ice-cream I ate It all by myself

My mother made a delicious ice-cream which I ate it all by myself

 The man was drunk. He had an accident

The man was drunk who He had an accident

 Paul is reading a book. It is very interesting

Paul is reading a book which it is very interesting
 B) Link the two sentences by using whose

 The singer was very furious. His fans didn’t show up

The singer was very furious whose His fans didn’t show up

 The little girl was accompanied by her teacher. Her mother was waiting for her
The little girl was accompanied by her teacher whose her mother was waiting for her

 This song is very popular .its couther has died

This song is very popular whose its couther has died

 The man was injured. His aggressor is unknown

The man was injured. His aggressor is unknown

 An old lody is driving her car. Her driving license has expired
An old lady is driving her car whose her driving license has expired

 The boys are happy. Their parents won the lottery

The boys are happy whose their parents won the lottery

C) Fill in the gaps using who, which or that

1. The school bus, which is crowded with pupils, needs more fresh air
2. The old man who lost his umbrella was unable to walk home because of the heavy rain
3. Who was that man that was walking up the stairs into the bookshop?
4. I think he wants the book which is at sale
5. The boy who broke the window is not well-behaved
6. The girl who is wearing a blue jacket has got a Ferrari
7. The cat which on the window is extremely aggressive
8. Peter’s schoolbag, which is at school, was bought at the same shop as mine
9. The football player who scared is the most popular in my country
10. The car that broke down was only bought a few weeks ago
11. Mr. Harrison, who has just bought a new car, had a terrible accident in the free-way
12. This is the person who I told you about
13. The book that I borrowed from the library is fantastic! You should read it too!

4) Combine the following sentences with relative pronouns

 The man didn’t attend the meeting. he was employed last month
The man didn’t attend the meeting who he was employed last month

 George hasn’t explained the reason. He is furious

George hasn’t explained the reason why He is furious

 We will rent an apart hotel. We will stay there for a fortnight

We will rent an apart hotel which we will stay there for a fortnight

 The dress was son fashionable. My friend was wearing it in her engagement ceremony
The dress was son fashionable which my friend was wearing it in her engagement ceremony

 The 1st of May is the date.labour day is celebrated then

The 1st of May is the date when Labor Day is celebrated then

 Peter has been going out with the girl. he gave flowers her at the last party
Peter has been going out with the girl who He gave flowers her at the last party

 The reason will be declared by the government. Tax rates have been increased
The reason will be declared by the government when Tax rates have been increased

 I’ve got engaged to a boy. His father is a deputy

I’ve got engaged to a boy whose His father is a deputy

 The brown has bought a classical car. It cost s10000

The brown has bought a classical car which It cost s10000

 1995 is the year. John and jenny got married then

1995 is the year when John and jenny got married then

 Colorado is a place. I spent my childhood there

Colorado is a place. I spent my childhood there

 I’ve borrowed a book.it is about economics

I’ve borrowed a book which it is about economics

 Students haven’t told any logical reasons. They haven’t done their homework
Students haven’t told any logical reasons why they haven’t done their homework

 Lucy gave me a music CD. She was given it by her ex-boyfriend

Lucy gave me a music CD. She was given it by her ex-boyfriend

 I have learnt by heart the song. Its writer is john Lennon

I have learnt by heart the song whose its writer is john Lennon

 The house is pretty good. My friend has been living there for three years
The house is pretty good where my friend has been living there for three years
 My brother broke the radio. It was from our great grand mother
My brother broke the radio which it was from our great grand mother

 She will call the office whose Her husband works there
She will call the office. Her husband works there

 We don’t know the man. My father is talking to him now

We don’t know the man who my father is talking to him now

 Arthur is going to repair the bike. Its wheels are too old
Arthur is going to repair the bike which Its wheels are too old

5) Grammar worksheet
Participles ‘-ED’ VS. ‘-ING’

What is a participle?
A participle is a word formed from a verb which can be used as an adjective

Past participles Present participles

Examples  Boring
 Bored “the movie was boring”
“I was bored at the movie theater”  Surprised
 Surprised “the news was very surprising”
“ I was surprised when I heard the news”

*Note: ‘-ed’ adjectives often describe people’s feeling: “I feel bored” A boring movie, however,
will make you feel bored
Choose the correct participle adjective form in each of the sentences below
I don’t understand chess. The rules are very confused/confusing
He was embarrassed/embarrassing when he arrived late for class
There is a new movie playing at the theater. Are you interested/interesting?
My little brother makes too much noise .he is annoyed/annoying
I like my new chair. It’s quite relaxed/relaxing
Moving to a new home is hard work. It’s tired/tiring
The sad news made me depressed/ depressing
Louise got a B+. She was satisfied/ satisfying with her test results
Our company isn’t making any money. It’s very worried/worrying
Robert thinks that roller coasters are terrified/terrifying
I think that insects are fascinated/fascinating. I love to study them
When the TV program was cancelled, Kelly was disappointed/disappointing

Passive vs. active

1) Football is a popular sport.it is played in many countries in the
world
2) Many movies are made in Hollywood every year
3) I often go to the library and borrow some books to read
4) Our office is cleaned by the cleaning crew every evening
5) The restaurant chef cooks really great food
6) Millions of people fly in airplanes every year
7) New Year ’s Day is celebrated on January 1 in most countries of the
world
8) Sometimes my older sister helps me with my homework
9) He’s a famous actor he is known all over the world
10) Our final exams are given at the end of the school year
11) Most people speak Norwegian in Norway
12) Our newspaper is delivered every morning before eight o’clock
13) I take a shower after I come home from work
14) My classmate knows the answer to question number six
15) Sports fishermen catch fish in a river near my home
16) Cats eat mice. That’s why we have three cats on our farm
17) When my car break down, it is fixed by mechanics at the garage
18) The animals at the zoo are fed by john, the zoo keeper