24/02/2015

Mekanika Rekayasa 4

REVIEW MATRIKS ALJABAR

Oleh:
Raiyyan Rahmi Isda, ST., MT.

1. DEFINISI MATRIKS
 A11 A12 A13 ... A1n 
A A22 A23 ... A2 n 
 21 m = baris
[ A]m×n =  A31 A32 A33 ... A3n  k = kolom
 
 ... ... ... ... ... 
 Am1 Am 2 Am3 ... Amn  m×n

 3 5 37 
 8 −6 0  A21 = 8,
[ A]4×3 =  A22 = −6,
12 23 2  A43 = 1
 
 7 −9 1 

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 6 15 −24 40 
2. TIPE MATRIKS  15 −9 13 0
[ E ] =  −24 13 8 11 
24  
3  40 0 11 −5
[ B ]4×1 =  7  Emn = Enm
 
 9  Matriks Simetri

Matriks Kolom
 2 −1 9 
[ D ]4×4 =  7 13 11
 5 −4 3 
[C ]1×5 = [1 2 5 7 8]
Matriks Baris Matriks Persegi

 6 0 0 0 6 15 −24 40 
 15 −9 0 0  0 −9 13 0 
[F ] =  [G ] = 0 0 8 11 
 −24 13 8 0 
   
 40 0 11 −5 0 0 0 −5

Matriks Segi Tiga Bawah Matriks Segi Tiga Atas

(Lower Triangular Matrix) (Upper Triangular Matrix)

6 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 
 0 −9 0 0  1 0 0 
[H ] =
0 0 8 0
[H ] =
0 0 1 0 [J ] = 0 0 0 
    0 0 0 
0 0 0 −5  0 0 0 1

Matriks Diagonal Matriks Identitas Matriks Nol

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3. OPERASI MATRIKS
A + B = C ⇒ Cij = Aij + Bij

 8 3
 6 0
C = A + B =  5 14 
A =  −2 9 
 −7 0 
 5 1 

 2 3  4 −3

B= 7 5  D = A − B =  −9 4 
 −12 −1 17 2 

Penambahan dan Pengurangan Matriks

E = 3A

 6 0
A =  −2 9 
 5 1 

 3(6) 3(0)  18 0 

E = 3(−2) 3(9)  =  −6 27 
 3(5) 3(1)  15 3 

Perkalian Matriks Dengan Bilangan Skalar

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B3×2 × F2×4 = G3×4

 2 3
 7 1 0 3 2 
5  × 
 5 1 2 0 
 −12 −1 

 2(1) + 3(5) 2(0) + 3(1) 2(3) + 3(2) 2(2) + 3(0) 


=  7(1) + 5(5) 7(0) + 5(1) 7(3) + 5(2) 7(2) + 5(0) 
 −12(1) − 1(5) −12(0) − 1(1) −12(3) − 1(2) −12(2) − 1(0) 

 17 3 12 4 
=  32 5 31 14 
 −17 −1 −38 −24

Perkalian Matriks Dengan Matriks

AB ≠ BA Tidak bersifat komutatif

ABC = ( AB )C = A( BC ) Bersifat asosiatif

A( B + C ) = AB + AC Bersifat distributif

A0 = 0 A = 0 Setiap matriks yang

dikalikan dengan nol, maka
11 15 0 0   0 0 
 2 3  0 0  =  0 0  akan menghasilkan matriks
     nol juga.

AI = IA = A
 2 −4   1 0   2 −4  Setiap matriks yang
 −6 8   0 1  =  −6 8  dikalikan matriks identitas,
    
maka akan menghasilkan
1 0   2 −4   2 −4  matriks identitas juga.
 0 1   −6 8  =  −6 8 
    

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1 0 3 2 
F2×4 =  
5 1 2 0 

1 5
0 1 
F T 4×2 = AA−1 = A−1 A = I
3 2
 
2 0 AX = P ⇒ X = A−1 P
T
( AB ) = BT AT Matriks Inverse
T
( ABC ) = C T BT AT

Matriks Transpose