Theoretical Foundation in Nursing community, and society, allowing visits in times of

hospitalization, support spiritual needs and religious

Sister Callista Roy’s Adaptation Model practices of the patient.
 Innate Coping Mechanisms. Genetically determined or
common to the species and are generally viewed as
autonomic processes.
 Acquired Coping Mechanisms. Developed through
strategies such as learning.
 Regulator Subsystem. A major coping process involving the
neural, chemical, and endocrine systems.
 Cognator Subsystem. A major coping process involving
four cognitive-emotive channels: perceptual and
information processing, learning, judgment, and emotion.
 Adaptive response. Those that promote integrity in terms
of the goals of human systems.
 Physiological-Physical Mode. Associated with the physical
and chemical processes involved in the function and
activities of living organisms.
 Self-Concept-Group Identity Mode. One of the three
psychological modes which focuses specifically on the
psychological and spiritual aspects of the human system.
 Role Function Mode. It is one of the two social modes and
focuses on the roles the person occupies in the society.
 Interdependence Mode. It focuses on close relationship of
people and their purpose, structure, and development.
 Ineffective Response. Those that do not contribute to
integrity in terms of the goals of the human system.
 Integrated Life Process. Refers to the adaptation level at
which the structure and functions of life process are
working as a whole to meet human needs. Integration of
man and environment meanings results in adaptation.

Myra Levine’s Conservation Theory

Concepts and Definitions

 Levine’s Conservation Model is focused on the preservation
of the individual’s wholeness or totality.
 Levine advocated that individuals continuously defend their
wholeness through ongoing process of change or
adaptation.
 The outcome or product of adaptation is conservation.
Four Conservation Principles
1. Conservation of Energy. Refers to balancing energy input
and output to avoid excessive fatigue. It includes adequate
rest, nutrition, and exercise.
2. Conservation of Structural Integrity. Refers to maintaining
or restoring the structure of the body preventing physical
breakdown and promoting healing. It includes maintaining
or promoting mobility, preventing injury and infection,
maintaining skin integrity.
3. Conservation of Personal Integrity. Recognizes the
individual as one who strives for recognition, respect, self
awareness, selfhood, and self determination. It includes
respecting one’s privacy and property, enhancing self
esteem (through good personal hygiene, grooming, and
dressing), fostering independence through choice and
rehabilitation, promoting self identity, for those who are
cognitively impaired, obtaining advance directives for
treatment.
4. Conservation of Social Integrity. An individual is
recognized as one who has family and friends, community,
workplace and school, religion, personal choice, political
system, cultural and ethnic heritage and nation. Includes
helping individual to preserve his place in family,