Signals and Systems (Practice Questions - Fourier Transform)

Signals & Systems (Fourier Transform)
Continuous Time Fourier Transform
1. Given convolution sinc( t) * sinc( t)  A sinc( t) then the value of A is ___________
1
(a)  (b)

1
(c) 2
(d) 1

2. A signal x(t) =4+cos (4  t)-sin(8  t) is applied as the input to the filter with impulse
response h(t) = sinc(5t). Then the output is _________
(a) 0.8+0.2cos (4  t) (b) 0.8+0.8cos (4  t)

(c) 4+cos(4  t) (d) 4

3. What is the inverse Fourier transform of X()  e
1 1
(a) (b)
1t 2
t
1
(c) (d) None
(1  t2 )
d2 y(t) dy(t)
4. The input and output relation of LTI system is 5  6y(t)  x(t)
dt 2
dt
What is the output of the system for the input e 4 tu(t)
1 4t 1
(a) e4t .u(t)  e3t .u(t) (b) e .u(t)  e3t .u(t)  e2t .u(t)
2 2
1 1
(c) e4t .u(t)  e3t .u(t) (d) e4t .u(t)  e3t .u(t)  e2t .u(t)
2 2
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1
5. An LTI system with frequency response H()  , and output y(t)  e2t u(t)  e4t u(t) .
4  j
Find the value of i/p signal at t=2
2
(a) 2 (b)
e2
2 2
(c) (d) 6
e4 e
6. The inverse Fourier Transform of sgn( ) is

1 1
(a) (b)
t j t
j 2
(c) (d)
t t
7. An LTI system has impulse response h(t)  e2tu(t) and input to the system is x(t)  cos2t .
The value of y(t) at t=0 is
1 1
(a) (b)
2 2 2
1
(c) (d) None
4
8. The Fourier transform of the signal x(t) shown in fig. Below is

(a) 2 jsin( f). sinc(f)
(b) 2 jsin(  f). sinc(f)
(c) 2jsin(  f). sinc(2f)
(d) 2jsin(  f). sinc(2f)
1
9. The Hilbert transform of x(t)  is
t
(a)  jsgn() (b) + jsgn()
(c) (t) (d) - (t)

10. The expression for Fourier transform of a periodic signal x(t) is [‘ Cn ’ is exponential FS
coefficient]
 
(a) X()  2  Cn(  n0 ) (b) X()    Cn(  n0 )
n n
 
(c) X()  2  (  n0 ) (d) X()    (  n0 )
n n
11. Which of the following frequency response corresponds to casual system?
(a) H1 (f)  sinc(f) (b) H2 (f)  sinc(f)e jf

(c) H3 (f)  A e j2f (d) H4 (f)  rect(f)
1
12. The inverse Fourier transform of X()  is
2    j3
2
 
(a) et  e2t u(t)  
(b) e2t  et u(t)
(c)  et

 e2t u(t) (d) None
1
13. A low pass filter has H(j )  n
where n is the number of reactive components,
 
1  j 
 0 
2
the value of n so that H(j ) is constant within 1 dB over frequency range of   0.80
is________.

(s a)
14. If H(s)  ; Re(s)>-a; then the phase plot of H(j ) is
(s a)
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
15. For the following circuit shown, the circuit will have noise equivalent bandwidth of
______(Hz).
16. For a linear phase filter,
(a) Group delay>phase delay (b) Group delay<phase delay

1
(c) group delay=phase delay (d) group delay=
phase delay

17. The continuous time Fourier transform of the signal x(t)=sinc(4t) is
(a) (b)
(c) (d)
18. The Fourier transform of the signal x(t)= 10t1 is
(a) j10sgn(j ) (b)  j10sgn(j )

(c) j5sgn(j ) (d)  j5sgn(j )
19. The Fourier transform of the signal shown in the following figure is
e j  e4 j
(a)
j
e j  e4 j
(b)
j
e j  e 4 j
(c)
j
e j  e4 j
(d)
j

20. The Fourier transform of the signal shown in the following figure is
 
(a) sa  
2
(b) sa  
j  j 
e 2 e 2
(c)
j
 
j j
e 2e 2
(d)
 
 
2
21. Consider a continuous time signal x(t) whose Fourier transform is X(ω).
  
 X()e  X()d   X()e

j  j
The value of d  d
 
(a) 5
(b) 10π
(c) 5 π
(d) 10
 j4 f
22. Let the transfer function of a network be H(f)  2 e . If a signal x(t ) is applied to such a
network, then the output y(t) is given by 2x (t – k) then the value of k is _____.
sin(t).sin(t/ 2)
23. Let x(t)  , X(jω) be the Fourier transform of x(t), then the value of X(jω) at
t2
ω = 0 will be _____.

24. If L[f(t)]  , then the value of limf(t)
(s  2 )
2 t 
(a) cannot be determined (b) is zero

(c) is unity (d) is infinite

25. Match the following List I (properties of time domain signal) with List II (properties of
Fourier transform).
List-I List-II
A. Real and even 1. Real and odd
B. Real and odd 2. Real and even
C. Imaginary and even 3. Imaginary and even
D. Imaginary and odd 4. Imaginary and odd
A B C D
(a) 2 1 3 4
(b) 3 2 1 4
(c) 2 4 3 1
(d) 4 3 2 1
26. The Inverse Fourier Transform of X() is
( 20 t 2  2)sin 0 t  20 . cos 0 t

(a)
t3
(20 t2  2)cos 0 t  20 t . sin 0 t

(b)
t3
(20 t2  2)sin 0 t  20 t . cos 0 t

(c)
t3
(20 t2  2)cos 0 t  20 . cos 0 t

(d)
t3
a t
27. Find the Fourier transform of the signal x(t)  e ; a>0
a 1 a
(a) (b) .
a  2
2
2 a2  2
2a 2a
(c) 2 (d) 2
a  2 a  2

sin(  / 2t)
28. Determine the Fourier Transform of signal 1.5 .
t
1.5 for f  0.25 

1.5 for f  0.5
(a) x(f)   (b) x(f)  
 0 for f  0.25  0 for f  0.5

0.75 for f  0.5 0.75 for f  0.25

(c) x(f)   (d) x(f)  
 0 for f  0.5  0 for f  0.25
29. Determine the Fourier Transform for the wave form shown below.
sin(2 f)
(a)
f
 
3  e2 j
sin(2 f)
(b)
f

3  2e2 j 
sin(2 f)
(c)
f
 
3  e2 j
(d) None of these
30. Find the Fourier Transform of the signal x(t)  (t 1)  (t 1)
2 2
(a) (b)
1  j 1  j
(c) 2 cos  (d) None of these
31. Find the Fourier Transform of x(t)=u(t)
1
(a) () (b)
j
1
(c) ( )  (d) None
j

32. A signal x(t) has a Fourier Transform X() . If x(t) is a real and odd function of t, then X()
is
(a) A real and even function 
(b) An imaginary and odd function of 
(c) An imaginary and even function of 
(d) A real and odd function of 
33. A real signal x(t) has a Fourier Transform X(ω). Which one of the following is correct?
(a) Magnitude of X(f) has even symmetry while phase of X(f) has odd symmetry
(b) Magnitude of X(f) has odd symmetry while phase of X(f) has even symmetry
(c) Both Magnitude and phase of X(f) has even symmetry
(d) Both Magnitude and phase of X(f) has odd symmetry
j0t
34. x(t)  Ae , then F.T. of x(t)=?
(a) 2A(  0 ) (b) 2A(  0 )

(c) 2A(  0 ) (d) None

Solutions
1. Ans: (b)
 t  F.T.   
Solution: Arect     ASinc  
  2 
By duality property
 t  F.T.   
ASinc     2Arect  
 2    
   1   
For   2 and A=1 2Sinc  t   F.T.
 2rect   => Sinc  t  
F.T.
   rect  
 2   
   2 
Using convolution theorem
FT  sinc( t) * sinc( t)  FT  sinc( t)  FT  sinc( t) 
Since, sinc( t) * sinc( t)  A sinc( t)
Take FT both sides

FT  sinc( t)   FT  sinc(  t)   FT A  sinc(  t)  
1     1     1   
  rect      rect    A   rect  
  2      2    2 
 1     1    1
 2  rect    A   rect   => A 
   2    2  
2. Ans: (b)
 t  F.T.   
  2 
By duality property
 t  F.T.   
ASinc     2Arect  
2
    
   1   
For   10 and A=1 , 10Sinc 5t  
F.T.
 2rect   => Sinc 5t  
F.T.
   rect  
 10  5  10 
1   
h(t)  sinc 5t  
F.T.
   rect  
5  10 
This ideal L.P.F blocks the frequencies above 5π
Hence output =0.2(4+cos (4  t)) = 0.8+0.8cos (4  t)

3. Ans: (c)
t 2
F.T.
Solution: e  
1  2
Apply duality property
2 F.T. 
  2e
1t 2
1 F.T. 
 e
(1  t )
2
4. Ans: (b)
Solution: Applying Fourier transform to given differential equation
1
(j )2 Y()  5 j  Y()  6 Y( )  X( ) and X() 
(4  j )
Y() 
1

1
 
2 
1

1
2
(4  j )(2  j )(3  j ) j   4 3  j  j   2
F.T. 1
e atu(t)  
(a  j )
1 4t 1
y(t)  e u(t)  e3tu(t)  e2tu(t)
2 2
5. Ans: (c)
1 1 2
Solution: Y()   
2  j 4  j (2  j)(4  j)
Y() 2
X( )  
H() 2  j
x(t)  2e2t .u(t)
2
x(2)  2e4 .u(2) 
e4
6. Ans: (c)
F.T. 2
Solutio: sgn(t)  
j
Apply duality property of

2 F.T.
  2 sgn( )
jt

1 F.T.
  sgn()  sgn( )   sgn()
jt
j F.T.
  sgn()
t
7. Ans: (c)
1 1  
Solutio: H(j )   H(j )  and H(0 )   tan1  
2  j 2  4 2
1 1
At 0  2 , H(0 )   and H(0 )  450
44 2 2
1
y(t)   cos(2 t  450 )
2 2
1 1 1 1
y(0)   cos 450   
2 2 2 2 2 4
8. Ans: (a)
Solution: Assume x1 (t)  rect  t  shown in the figure below
 t  F.T.   
Arect     ASinc  
  2 
For A  1 and =1
rect  t  
F.T.
 Sinc  f 
 1  1
Then x(t)  x1  t    x1  t  
 2  2
 j2ft0
Apply shifting property x  t  t0  
F.T.
e X f 
X(f)  e jf  e jf X1 (f)  2jsin(  f). sinc(f)
9. Ans: (d)
F.T. 2
Solution: sgn(t)  
j
2 F.T.
  2 sgn( )
jt

1 F.T.
  sgn()  sgn( )   sgn()
jt
j F.T. 1 F.T.
  sgn() or    jsgn()
t t
1 1
Hilbert transform = x̂(t)  x(t) * h(t)  *
t t
Take F.T. Both sides
X̂()    jsgn()   jsgn()  sgn()   sgn()  1
x̂(t)  (t)
10. Ans: (a)

Solution: Periodic signal can be express in terms of Fourier series as

f t 
jn0t
 cne
n

  n
F  

cn 2(  n0 )  e
jn0t F.T.
  2(  nc ) 
11. Ans: (b)

Solution: For causality h(t)=0 for t<0
 t  F.T.   
Arect     ASinc  
  2 
For A  1 and =1
rect  t  
F.T.
 Sinc  f  h  t   0 for t  0 
 1  F.T.
rect  t   
 2 
 sinc(f)e jf h  t   0 for t  0 
Sinc  t  
F.T.
 rect  f  h  t   0 for t  0 
A  t  1  
F.T.
 A e j2 f h  t   0 for t  0 

12. Ans: (c)

Solution: 2  2  3j  (1  j )(2  j )
1 1 1 1
X()    
2    j3
2
(1  j )(2  j ) (1  j ) (2  j )

x(t)  et  e2t u(t) 
13. Ans: 2.9 to 3.1

1
Solution: Since 1 dB down   11 
 0.89
 
 20 
10
2 1
Hence H(j )  (0.89)2  n
0.8  0
 
1 
 0 
1.262  1  (0.8)2n  (0.8)2n  0.262  2n  6 or n=3
14. Ans: (b)

180   0

1    1    1    
Solution: H(j )  180  tan    tan    180  2 tan    90   a
a a a 
0   a

15. Ans: 0.24 to 0.26
Solution: The circuit an LPF
X(j )R R 1
Y(j )   H(j )   H(j ) 
j L  R  L 2L2
R 1  j   1
 R R2


1

2  2L2
d
1 0
H(j  ) d  0
1 2
1 R
Noise equivalent BW of LPF=  
2 H (0)
2
2 1
1  1  1
= tan1 ()  .   0.25
2   0 2 2 4
16. Ans: (c)

Solution: Linear phase filter = H()  k
H() k
PD    k
 
dH()
GD   k
d
17. Ans: (a)

 t  F.T.   
  2 
By duality property
 t  F.T.   
ASinc     2Arect  
 2    
For   8 and A=1
F.T. 1  
sinc4t     rect  
4  8 
18. Ans: (b)

2
Solution: x(t)  10 t 1  5 j  
 jt 
F.T. 2
sgn(t)  
j
2 F.T.
  2 sgn( )  sgn( )   sgn( ) 
jt
2 F.T.
5j   10 j sgn()
jt

19. Ans: (d)

1 1  t  4

Solution: x(t)  
0
 otherwise
 4 4
 e j t   e j  4  e j  
 x(t)e dt   e
 j t  j t
X(j )  dt       
 1   j  1  j 
j 4 j 
e e
X(j ) 
j
20. Ans: (a)

 1 1
1 2
t
2
Solution: x(t)  
0 otherwise

 
1
1 j
t
 j
t 2sin  
2
 2
1  e 2 e 2
 x(t)e 1 e
 jt  jt  jt  2
X()  dt  dt  e  

j   1
2 j 

2
 
sin  
X(j )   2   sa   
 
  2
 
2
21. Ans: (b)


1
Solution: Since, X(t)   X()e d
j t
2 
Thus the
  
 X( )e jt d   X( )e jt d   X()e d = 2  x( 1)  x(0)  x( 1)  10

 jt
  

22. Ans: 2
Solution: using time shifting property we have
 x(t  t ) F.T.  j2 t0
e X(f)
 0 
F.T.  j2 k
2x(t – k )  2e X(f)
Y(f)  2  e j4 f X(f)
k  2
23. Ans: 0.30 to 0.60

sin(t)sin(t 2)  sin(t). sin(t 2) 
Solution: Since x(t)    
t 2
 2 t 2 
Using multiplication theorem
1
x1 (t)  x2 (t)  X () * X 2 ()
2 1
1  sint   sin(t 2)  1   t 
X(j )  FT   * FT    FT sinc(t) * FT sinc   
2  t   t  4   2 
Thus the above two Fourier transform represents two rectangular pulse in time domain
1        
i.e. rec    * rec   
2   2    1 
thus
 at   0
1
X(0)   0.5
2
24. Ans: (a)


Solution: F(s) 
s  2
2
f(t)  sin  t
limf(t)  lie between -1 to +1
t 
So, it can not be determined
25. Ans: (c)
26. Ans: (c)

Solution: For real-even signal, F.T, will be real-even, only option (c) is real as well as even.

27. Ans: (d)

Solution: Signal x(t) can be rewritten as
eat for t  0
a t 
x(t)  e  
e for t  0
at

0 
0 
1 1 2a
 e dt   e
(a j)t (a j)t
Then, X( )   eat e jt dt   e at e jt dt  dt    2
 0  0
a  j a  j a  2
28. Ans: (a)

  
 sin  t  
sin(  / 2t)  1.5    2   t
Solution: 1.5 =   0.75S inc   .
t  2    2
 t 

 2 
 t  F.T.   
Arect     ASinc  
  2 
By duality property
 t  F.T.   
ASinc     2Arect  
 2    
For    and A=0.75
 t  F.T.  f 
0.75Sinc     1.5rect  
2  0.5 
29. Ans: (a)

Solution: Given signal x(t) can be written
x(f)  x1 (f)  x2 (f)
 t  F.T.   
Arect     ASinc  
  2 
(2 f) (2 f)
x1 (f)  6 sin(2f)  6 sin  3sin
2 f f

sin(2 f)
x2 (f)  e2 j 2sinc(2 f)  e2 j
f
(2 f)
x(f)  sin
f
3  e2 j 
30. Ans: (c)

 jt
Solution: F.T of x(t)  x()   x(t).e

dt , given x(t)  (t 1)  (t 1)

  (t 1)  (t 1) e

 jt
x()  dt  1.e j  1.e j  2cos 

31. Ans: (c)

Solution: Given x(t)=u(t)
1 , t  0
x(t)  
0 ,t  0
1
Sgn(t)=2u(t)-1  u(t)  1  sgn(t)
2
1  1
F u(t)  F    F sgn(t)
2  2
F.T. F.T. 2
A   2A() and sgn(t)  
j
1
X( )     
j
32. Ans: (b)

Solution: x(t)  Asin 0 t
(Real and odd function)
x()  A j  (  0 )  (  0 )
 Imaginary and odd function of 
33. Ans: (a)

Solution: Magnitude of X(f) has even symmetry while phase of X(f) has odd symmetry
34. Ans: (a)

F.T.
Solution: A   2A()
F.T.
Ae j0t   2A(  0 )

We recommend you to take the Chapter Test first and then check
the Solutions

Chapter Test Solutions
1. Ans: (c)
 t  F.T.   
  2 
By duality property
 t  F.T.   
ASinc     2Arect  
 2    
     
For   2 and A=1 , 2Sinc  t  
F.T.
 2rect   => Sinc  t  
F.T.
 rect   or rect  f 
 2   2 
  
For   4 and A=1, 4 Sinc  2t   F.T.
 2rect  
 4 
1    1 f
Sinc  2t  
F.T.
   rect   or   rect  
2  4  2 2
Using convolution theorem
1 f
   
FT sinc  t  * sinc  2t   FT sinc  t   sinc  2t   rect  f     rect  
2 2
1
 
FT sinc  t  * sinc  2t     rect  f 
2
2. Ans: (b)
a t F.T. 2a
Solution: e  
a  4 2f 2
2
3. Ans: (b)
F.T. 1
Solution: te atu(t)  
(a  j )2
d F.T. j
 t.e5t .u(t)  
dt   (5  j )2

4. Ans: (a)
F.T. 1
Solution: te atu(t)  
(a  j )2
1 1
 X1 ()  , X 2 ( ) 
(1  j )2
(2  j )2
F.T. 1
x1 (t) * x 2 (t)   X1 ( ).X 2 ( ) 
(1  j ) (2  j )2
2
A B C D
X1 ().X 2 ( )    
2  j  (2  j )2
1  j  (1  j )2
A  2,B  1,C  2,D  1
x1 (t) * x2 (t)  2e2tu(t)  te2tu(t)  2e tu(t)  te tu(t)
5. Ans: (c)
1
Solutio: X() 
2  j
2 1
ESD = S XX ()  X() 
4  2
2 1
ESD= S YY ()  S XX (). H()  ; 1   1
 4
2
 1 1
1 1 1 2 1
Ey(t)  
2 
S YY ()d  
2 1   2
2 2
d  
4  0   2
d
  1
2
1 0.46
Ey(t)  tan1 (1 2)   0.049Joules
2 2
6. Ans: (a)
7. Ans: (c)
 1 
Solution: x(t)     X( )e jt d
 2  

 X()e d  2x(3)  0
3 j
At t=3;

 X()e d  2x( 2)  12

2 j 
At t=-2;


8. Ans: (c)
Solution: The above is Hilbert transform (H,T)
ˆ
H.T(x(t))  x(t)
ˆ  x(t)
H.T(x(t))
9. Ans: (b)
3 2
Solution:   tan1  tan1
2 3
 33  22 
  tan1  
 6 
5
d d  1  33  22  
Group delay=   tan  
d d   6    
5
10. Ans: (c)

Solution:
From the figure

d2 x(t)
 (t 2)  (t 2)  2(t 3)  2(t 3)  (t 4)  (t 4)
dt2
Taking Fourier transform on both sides
(j )2 X()  e j2  e j2  2e j3  2e j3  e j4  e j4

2 j
X(j )  sin(2)  2sin(3)  sin(4)
2 
11. Ans: (a)

F.T.
Solution: x * (t)   X * (  j )
t
F.T. X(j )
and  x( )d  

j
 X(0)( )
12. Ans: 100

Solution: we know y(0) = Area under Y(f) curve
when we multiply the two figures i.e. X(f).H(f ) we get
now area under the curve will be area under curve I and area under curve II
 Area under curve I= Area of rectangle + Area of triangle
Area under curve II = Area of rectangle - Area of triangle
Total Area = 2 Area of rectangle = 2 x 10 x 5 = 100
13. Ans: (b)

F.T. 2 2
Solution: Given et   ef
2   )2
et  e(t
By the property of Fourier transform pair
F.T.
If x(t)   X()
F.T. 1  
Then x(at)   X 
a a
2 2
(t   )2
2 
F.T.   ef .     f
So, e  e
 

14. Ans: 2
Solution: g(t)  x1 (t).x2 (t)  sinc50 t . sinc100 t
1
So, g(t) 
F.T.
 X () * X2 ()
2  1
sin50t 1  sin50t 
Since, x1 (t)  sinc50 t    
50t 50  t 
 t  F.T.  
BSinc     2Brect  
 2  
For   100 and B=1
 1    
Sinc 50t  
F.T.
   rect  
 50   100 
1  sin100t 
Similarly, x2 (t)  sinc100 t   
100  t 
 1    
Sinc 100t  
F.T.
  rect  
 100   200 
1
Now, G()   X () * X 2 () , which is shown by the given curve.
2  1
1   1 1  1
Here, A   100       102
2   50 100  100
Hence, x=2
15. Ans: (d)

Solution: Given signal x(t)  [x(t)  x(  t)]
The Fourier Transform of this waveform is nothing but real part of FT of the original signal
 Sin(2 f)   Sin(2 f)  sin(2 f)
X()  2Re 
 f
 

3  e2 j   2Re 
 f
 
3  (Cos2  jSin2)  
 f
6  2Cos2 

Signals and Systems (Practice Questions - Fourier Transform)

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Signals and Systems (Practice Questions - Fourier Transform)

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Signals & Systems (Fourier Transform)

Continuous Time Fourier Transform

1. Given convolution sinc( t) * sinc( t)  A sinc( t) then the value of A is ___________

(a) 0.8+0.2cos (4  t) (b) 0.8+0.8cos (4  t)

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6. The inverse Fourier Transform of sgn( ) is

8. The Fourier transform of the signal x(t) shown in fig. Below is

(b) 2 jsin(  f). sinc(f)

(c) 2jsin(  f). sinc(2f)

(d) 2jsin(  f). sinc(2f)

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11. Which of the following frequency response corresponds to casual system?

(a) H1 (f)  sinc(f) (b) H2 (f)  sinc(f)e jf

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16. For a linear phase filter,

(a) Group delay>phase delay (b) Group delay<phase delay

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17. The continuous time Fourier transform of the signal x(t)=sinc(4t) is

18. The Fourier transform of the signal x(t)= 10t1 is

(a) j10sgn(j ) (b)  j10sgn(j )

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 X()e  X()d   X()e

(a) cannot be determined (b) is zero

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26. The Inverse Fourier Transform of X() is

( 20 t 2  2)sin 0 t  20 . cos 0 t

(20 t2  2)cos 0 t  20 t . sin 0 t

(20 t2  2)sin 0 t  20 t . cos 0 t

(20 t2  2)cos 0 t  20 . cos 0 t

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1.5 for f  0.25 

0.75 for f  0.5 0.75 for f  0.25

(d) None of these

31. Find the Fourier Transform of x(t)=u(t)

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(a) 2A(  0 ) (b) 2A(  0 )

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Apply duality property of

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X(f)  e jf  e jf X1 (f)  2jsin(  f). sinc(f)

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10. Ans: (a)

11. Ans: (b)

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12. Ans: (c)

13. Ans: 2.9 to 3.1

14. Ans: (b)

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16. Ans: (c)

17. Ans: (a)

18. Ans: (b)

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19. Ans: (d)

20. Ans: (a)

21. Ans: (b)

 X( )e jt d   X( )e jt d   X()e d = 2  x( 1)  x(0)  x( 1)  10

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23. Ans: 0.30 to 0.60

24. Ans: (a)

So, it can not be determined

25. Ans: (c)

26. Ans: (c)