100-04-1 Noise, Vibration, and Harshness 100-04-1

Section100-04 Noise, Vibration, and Harshness

Applicable Model: Boomday

CONTENTS PAGE
Descriptions and Operations
Noise, Vibration, and Harshness ................................................................................................... 100-04-2
Acceptable Noise, Vibration, and Harshness ................................................................................ 100-04-3
Terminology ................................................................................................................................... 100-04-4

2011 Boomday & Boarding Workshop manual

100-04-2 Noise, Vibration, and Harshness 100-04-2
Descriptions and Operations

Noise, Vibration, and Harshness

Any undesirable sound could be referred to as
noise which usually means unpleasant sound.
Vibration is any perceivable or visible oscillating
or shaking movement when an object moves
back and forth or repeatedly. Harshness is a
problem concerning the riding quality which is
transmitted to the customer by a vehicle with
sharp response to the road surface. Harshness
usually describes a more rigid feeling of the
suspension system than usual. Noise, vibration,
and harshness NVH is a terminology to describe
various dissatisfaction brought to people
although noise, vibration, and harshness caused
by road or environmental conditions is normal
phenomenon to a certain extent.

2011 Boomday & Boarding Workshop manual

100-04-3 Noise, Vibration, and Harshness 100-04-3
Descriptions and Operations

Acceptable Noise, Vibration, and Harshness

All internal combustion engines and driving
systems will produce noise and vibration; and
will cause uncontrollable noise during operation
in the actual environment. Muffler and vibration
damper could reduce the noise and vibration
to an acceptable level. Drivers who are not
familiar with vehicles may believe that some
noise is abnormal, but in fact it is normal to have
noise such a type of vehicles. For example: the
transmission may produce slight noise when
turning after a long travel on the road, and such
noise is acceptable and has no bad impact on
axles with shift lock function. As a technician, it
is very important to be familiar with the vehicle
features and know the relation between such
features and noise, vibration, and harshness.
E.g., if the vehicle is equipped with overdrive
gear, it is quite necessary to drive the vehicle at
the overdrive gear or other gear.

2011 Boomday & Boarding Workshop manual

100-04-4 Noise, Vibration, and Harshness
Descriptions and Operations
Terminology
Rumble
Usually associated with vibrating low-frequency
or low-pitched noise, and also refer to buzz.
Buzz
A kind of low-frequency sound (200-5,000Hz)
similar to bee buzzing, and is usually produced by
metal or rigid plastic. It could also be described
as a kind of high-frequency (200-800Hz) vibrating
sound which seems to be a vibrating sound of an
electric razor.
Chatter
A series of rapidly repeating clicks or ticks.
Chirp
A kind of short and high-pitched noise related
with slackness of the driving belt.
Chuckle
A kind of multi-repeated low-frequency sound,
namely loud chuckles described in the knocking form.
Click
A kind of sharp, short, and non-resonant sound
similar to that of ball point pen.
Clink
It is a kind of hydraulic knocking sound, namely
the sound which usually emerges along with the
air pocket in the hydraulic system. It could also
be described as knocking sound.
Clunk / clunk of the driving system
It is a kind of heavy or dry, short-time, and low-
frequency sound which usually emerges when
the vehicles accelerate or decelerate. It could
also be described as a kind of clang sound.
2011 Boomday & Boarding Workshop manual
100-04-4
Crack
It is a kind of medium-frequency sound related
with squeal, and it varies with the change of
temperature conditions.
Creak
A kind of metallic shriek.
Hum
It is a continuous, low-frequency (100-200Hz)
sound which is like that of a refrigerator
compressor. It could also be described as zing.
Boom
It is kind of circulatory, low-frequency (20-
100Hz), rhythmic sound associated with some
certain pressure to the ear drum. It could also
be described as low crash, rumble, or claps of
thunder.
Grind
It is a kind of abrasive sound, like that produced
by a grinding wheel or sand paper rubbing
against wood.
Hiss
Continuous high-frequency sound and vacuum
leaking sound.
Ringing
It is a kind of continuous low-frequency pitch (50-
500Hz) which sounds like blowing a matrass.
100-04-5 Noise, Vibration, and Harshness
Descriptions and Operations
Growl
The frequency of the noise (200-800Hz) is
between that of hum and whine. It could also be
described as a kind of buzz.
Amplitude
It means the magnitude and amount of the
vibration energy produced by the vibrating parts
(due to gravity). The stronger the vibration, the
higher the amplitude; the slighter the vibration,
the lower the amplitude.
Backlash
Gear clearance.
Impact
If the rubber bushing is installed with excessive
stress, it will transmit vibration instead of
absorbing vibration.
Engine trial-run test
Run the engine at normal revolution under the
state of parking, braking, and gearing. This test
could be used to check noise and vibration.
Transmission angle
The angle between the center lines of the
transmission output shaft, drive shaft, and rear
axle spider gear
Drive system
All the power driving modules between the engine
and the wheels include clutch or torque converter,
transmission, transfer case, drive shaft, and front &
rear drive shaft.
Dynamic balance
The mass on both sides of the center line
is evenly distributed, which could avoid the
tendency of moving from one side to the other
side (swing) when the wheel and tire assembly
rotates. The wheel and tire assembly without
dynamic balance may result in swinging vibration
of the wheel.
100-04-5
Engine imbalance
Gravity center of the engine disaccords with the
center of rotation, which causes imbalanced
movement.
Engine swinging
It is substantial engine movement or vibration
with frequency increasing along with the rising
of engine revolution. It is caused by uneven
mass distribution of the rotating or reciprocating
elements.
Fluttering
It means the medium-frequency to high-frequency
intermittent sound because of airflow factor. It
resembles a flag fluttering in the wind.
Frequency
It refers to the number of cycles emerged in
specified time.
Sense of gravel
It is kind of grind or growl of a certain component,
similar to running on gravel road surface.
Imbalance
With balance lost, one side is heavier than the
other side. For the rotating parts, imbalance may
usually cause vibration.
Directing at the center line
Toward the center line of the vehicle
Intensity
It is physical quantity related with force of
vibration that represents the loudness of the
sound (unit: decibel). The higher the amplitude
of the sound is, the greater intensity will be; and
vice versa.
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100-04-6 Noise, Vibration, and Harshness
Descriptions and Operations
Isolation
Separate the impact of one component to another one
Deviation from the center line
Deviation from the center line of vehicle
Radial direction / lateral direction
Radial direction is on the rotating surface while
lateral direction is on the surface vertical to the
rotating surface.
Gear ring
The larger, circular driven gear between the gear
ring and spider gear pair.
Road test
Operation carried out on a failed vehicle to
reproduce the problems.
Run-out
Lateral run-out means the movement or swinging
of the wheel or tire sidewall; while radial run-
out means out-of-round tire surface causing shift
back and forth in the radial direction.
Swaying
It is a kind of low-frequency vibration (5-20Hz),
and the movement of the components is visible
under usual circumstances. If this kind of
vibration is quite sensitive to speed, perhaps it
is usually related with tire, wheel, brake drum or
brake disk; if it is sensitive to the engine speed, it
is related with the engine. It could also be called
rocking or shaking.
Rocking
It is an abnormal vibration or swaying, and the
movement from one side to the other side could
be perceived at the steering wheel when the drive
shaft rotates.
Jitter
It is a kind of low-frequency vibration which could
be felt at the steering wheel or seat by tramping
the brake pedal slightly.
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100-04-6
Flap
It is kind of resonant sound from flat surface, e.g.
tape of safety belt or door trim.
Squeak
It is kind of high-frequency instant sound similar
to the sound produced with fingers rubbing clean
window
Squeal
Continuous and high-pitched noise.
Static balance
Surrounding weight of wheel is distributed evenly.
Wheel and tire assembly without static balance
may cause wheel hopping, which is called wheel
vibration. This situation may finally cause uneven
tire wearing.
Tire deflection
Change (amount) of the tire diameter around the
connecting area between tire and ground.
Flat wearing of tire (ground point)
It is a situation usually caused by parking the
vehicle when tires cool down. This situation could
be rectified by driving the vehicles until tires are
heated. Besides, wheel-locked slipping could
also cause wearing trace on the tire surface.
Internal force vibration of tire
The vibration is caused by change in the tire
structure. It is more obvious when it revolves
on sidewalk. Because the vibration is caused
by inner structure of tire, it can be seen more
obviously on the tires with good roundness. This
situation may occur at the rotating frequency or
twice the rotating frequency of wheel.
100-04-7 Noise, Vibration, and Harshness 100-04-7
Descriptions and Operations

Instantaneous noise/vibration
Instantaneous or short-duration noise or vibration.
Two-plane balancing
Radial balance and axial balance.

2011 Boomday & Boarding Workshop manual