 g]kfn Pl;of dxfb]zsf] blIf0fL efudf kg]{ Ps e'kl/j]li7t b]z xf]

 @^˚ @@‘ b]lv #)˚ @&‘ pQ/L cfIff+; / *)˚ $‘ b]lv **˚ !@‘ k'jL+ b]zfGt/ ;Dd km}lnPsf]
 k"j+ klZrd cf};t nDafO+ **% lsld
 pQ/ blIf0f rf}8fO+ cf}iftdf !(# ls ld- al9df @$! lsld 3l6df !$%_
 ;'uf}nL ;GwL cuf8L sf] If]qkmn @,)$,%!^ au+ lsld
 ljZjsf] s'n If]qkmnsf] )=)# k|ltzt / Plzof dxfb]zsf] s'n If]qkmnsf] )=# k|ltzt e"efu cf]u6]sf
 ;d'Gb| ;tx b]lv !!@& lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f ।
 g]kfnsf] pQ/L l;df /]vf *%) ls=ld] lrg;Fu hf]l8Psf]
 k'j{ klZrd / blIf0fdf !!*% lsnf]ld6/ ef/t;Fu hf]8LPsf] .
 lrg eGbf ^% u'0ff / ef/t eGbf @@ u'0ff 7'nf] .
 g]kfn h:t} gS;f ePsf] lhNNff jfUn'ª xf] eg] b]z kf]r'{un xf]
 g]kfn ;Fu l;dfgf hf]l8Psf ef/tsf k|fGt % j6f 5g tL x'g l;lSsd,klZrd a+ufn,laxf/,pQ/ k|b]z, / pQ/fv08
 g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf k'lj{ ljGb' cf]nfªr'+uf]nf tfKn]h'ª,klZrdL ljGb'
 ef/t / lrg kl5 ;a}eGbf glhs kg]+ t];|f] b]z a_unfb]z[@& ls-ld-{ xf] eg] To;kl5sf] glhs e"6fg #@{ ls-ld xf] .

k|dfl0fs ;do
 bf]nvf lhNnfdf /x]sf] uf}/L z+s/ nfO sf6]/ uPsf] *^ l8u|L !% ldg]6 k'jL+ b]zfGt/nfO+ cfwf/ dflgP lgwf{/f0f ul/Psf]
 of] ;do u|Lgljr ;do eGbf % 306f $% ldg]6 l56f] 5 .

w/ftnLo :j¿k
 w/ftlno :j?ksf cfwf/df # efudf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 .
– lxdfnL k|b]z (Mountain Resin)
– kxf8L k|b]z (Hilly Resin)
– t/fO{ k|b]z (Terrain Resin)
lxdfnL k|b]z
 s"n If]qkmnsf] !%Ü e"efu lxdfnL k|b]zn] cf]u6]sf] 5 .
 ;j}eGbf pQ/L efudf kg]{ lxdfnL k|b]z $,*&& ld6/b]lv *,*$* ld6/;Dd prfO{df /x]sf] 5 .
 ;j}eGbf xf]rf] lxd/]vf $%)) ld6/sf] prfOdf /x]sf] uf]/vf lhNnfsf] ?lkgfnf xf] .
 @$ b]lv $* ls=ld= ;Dd km}lnPsf]
 k"j{–klZrd nDjfO{ **% ls=ld= /x]sf] 5 .
 d'Vo lxdfn,leqL lxdfn / ;LdfGt lxdfn tLg >]0fLdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 M
 !^lhNnf 5g\
 lj=; @)^* sf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ &=# k|ltzt hg;+Vof 5 .
 If]qkmnsf] lx;fan] 7"nf] lhNnf 8f]Nkf xf] eg] ;fgf] /;'jf xf] .
 :yflgo ;/sf/ ;+rfng P]g @)&$ cg';f/ lxdfnL k|b]zdf @) j6f lhNnfx? 5g\

d'Vo lxdfn (Main Himalaya)

 %,))) ld6/eGbf cUnf ;j} lxdfnL z[ª\vnfx¿ kg]{
 ljZjsf !) ;jf]{Rr lzv/x¿dWo] g]kfnsf * j6f lxdlzv/x¿ ;u/dfyf s+rgh+3f Nxf]T;] dsfn' wjfnflu/L dgf:n' rf]o" / cGgk"0f{ o;}
If]qdf kb{5g\ .

12
 leqL lxdfn (Inner Himalaya)
 d'Vo lxdfnsf] pQ/df / ltJjtLo ;LdfGt k|b]zsf] blIf0fdf rf/}lt/ pRr lxd>[ª\vnfn] 3]l/Psf lxdfnL pkTosfx¿
 g]kfnsf] ef]6 k|b]z klg elgG5 .
 @,$)) ld6/b]lv %,))) ld6/;Ddsf] prfO{df /x]sf lxdfnL pkTosfx¿ x'Dnf, d'u', 8f]Nkf, yfsvf]nf, dgfª\, s'tfª\, s]?ª\, ?ª\;f/, v'Dj' cflb
kb{5g\
;LdfGt lxdfn (Marginal Himalaya)
 d'Vo lxdfnsf] pQ/ ltJjtL ;LdfIf]qsf] blIf0f efusf clt pRr lxd lzv/x¿ eGbf s]xL xf]rf demf}nf prfO{sf u'/fF;, gfnfFs/, r08L,
uf]/v, sflGt, uf}td, d':tfª\ gfdsf e~Hofª=x¿

kxf8L k|b]z (Hilly Region)

 t/fO{ k|b]zsf] pQ/df tyf lxdfnL k|b]zsf] blIf0fdf ^!) b]lv $,*&& ld6/;Ddsf] prfOdf /x]sf]
 *) b]lv !@* ls=ld=sf] rf}8fO{df km}lnPsf]
 g]kfnsf] s'n If]qkmnsf] ^*Ü e"efu cf]u6]sf] 5 .
 k|b]znfO{ klg r'/] ,dxfef/t n]s / dWojtL{ e"dL u/L tLg >]0fLdf ljefhg ul/Psf]
 #(=lhNnf 5g\
 lj=; @)^* sf] hgu0fgf cg';f/$$=# k|ltzt hg;+Vof 5 .
 If]qkmnsf] lx;fan] 7"nf] lhNnf uf]/vf xf] eg] ;fgf] eQmk'/ xf] .
 :yflgo ;/sf/ ;+rfng P]g @)&$ cg';f/ kxfl8 k|b]zdf @( lhNnf 5g\
r'/] kj{t >]0fL
 g]kfnsf] ;j}eGbf blIf0fdf k"j{b]lv klZrd;Dd km}lnPsf]] ^!) ld= b]lv !,*&@ ld6/sf] prfO;Dd ePsf] kj{tdfnf
 o;nfO{ ;fdfGotof r'l/of jf r'/] kj{t elgG5 .
 bfFª b]pv'/L If]qdf 8+8'jf, jfudtL gbL k"j{ e6jfgf r'/] / sf]zL gbL k"j{ r'nfr'nL elgG5 .
dxfef/t kj{t
 ;d'b|L ;txb]lv !,%)) blv #,#^) ld6/;Ddsf] df]8bf/ kj{tnfO{ dxfef/t n]s elgG5 .
 dxfef/t kj{tnfO{ n3' lxdfno (Lesser Himalaya), dWod lxdfno (Middle Himalaya) klg elgG5 .
 n'+u, 6\ofDs], h}ys, km'nrf]sL, lzjk'/L, l5Ds]Zj/L, bfdg, :ju{åf/L, ;lsg] 8fF8f, vf]r] cflb oxfFsf k|d'v lzv/x¿ x'g\ .
 dxfef/t kj{t >]0fLnfO{] (Hill-Station of Nepal) klg elgG5 .
dWoe"ld
 dxfef/t kj{t >]0fL / lxdfno kj{t >]0fLx¿sf ljrdf /x]sf 7"nf–7"nf 6f/, j]F;L / pkTosfx¿nfO{ dWoe"ld elgG5 .
 o; cGtu{t sf7df8f}+, kf]v/f, lqz'nL, kfFrvfn, df8L h:tf pkTosfx¿ h/fof]6f/, ;Nofg6f/, kb{5g\ .
t/fO{ k|b]z
 g]kfnsf] ;j}eGbf blIf0fdf efudf k"j{ d]rLb]lv klZrd dxfsfnL;Dd ;d'b|L ;tx nueu %( ld6/ b]lv ^!) ld6/sf] prfO;Dd km}lnPsf]
;dy/ e'–efu .
 k"j{df @% ls=ld= / klZrddf #@ ls=ld= ;Dd km}lnPsf] .
 d]rLb]lv ;f]d]Zj/ kj{t >]0fL;Ddsf] efunfO{ k"jL{ t/fO{, ;f]d]Zj/b]lv 8'08'jf kj{t >]0fL;Ddsf] efunfO{ dWo t/fO{ / 8'08'jf b]lv klZrdsf]
efunfO{ klZrd t/fO{ elgG5
 g]kfnsf] s'n If]qkmnsf] !&Ü e"efu cf]u6]sf]
 t/fO{,, efj/ If]q , leqL dw]z u/L lgDg # >]0fLdf ljefhg ul/Psf] .
 !( lhNnf 5g\
 lj=; @)^* sf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ %)=@& k|ltzt hg;+Vof 5 .
 If]qkmnsf] lx;fan] 7"nf] lhNnf s}nfnL xf] eg] ;fgf] dxf]Q/L xf] .
 :yflgo ;/sf/ ;+rfng P]g @)&$ cg';f/ t/fO{ k|b]zdf
13
t/fO{ (Terai)
 b]zsf] ;j}eGbf blIf0fL efudf blIf0ftkm{ xf]lrOb} uPsf] e"efu
efj/ If]q
 vf; t/fO{sf] pQ/ r'/] kj{tdfnfsf] blIf0fdf #*) ld6/sf] prfO{;Dd km}lnPsf] ;fFu'/f] k]6L
 oxfF /f]8f, 9'+uf, s+s8 cflb v;|f] kbfy{af6 jg]sfn] ;fgfltgf vf]nfx¿ oxfF n'Kt x'G5g\
 b]lv !) dfOn;Dd rf}8fO{ ePsf]
 d'n'ssf] s'n If]qkmnsf] $=% k|ltzt e"efu cf]u6]sf] 5 .
leqL dw]z
 r'/] / dxfef/t kj{t >]0fLsf] jLrdf ^!) ld6/sf] cUnf] :yfg;Dd rf/}lt/ kxf8 kj{tn] 3]l/P/ km}lnPsf ljzfn kmFf6
 #@ b]lv ^$ ls=ld= ;Dd nDafO{ / !^ ls=ld= ;Dd rf}8fO{ ePsf]
 ] d'n'ssf] s'n If]qkmnsf] *=%Ü e"efu ;d]6]sf]
 vf; t/fO{ h:t} rf/ If]qdf afFl8Psf]
 pbok'/ / l;Gw'nL pkTosfnfO{ k"jL{ leqL dw]z, dsjfgk'/, lrtjg / gjnk/f;LnfO{ dWo leqL / bfª\ b]pv'/LnfO{ klZrd leqL dw]z / ;'v]{t
pkTosfnfO{ ;'b'/ klZrdL leqL dw]z elgG5 .
g]kfnsf] k|zf;lgs ljefhg
 k|wfgdGqL led;]g yfkfsf] kfnfdf g]kfnnfO{ #( lhNnfdf ljefhg ul/Psf] lyof]
 /f0ff zf;g sfndf t/fO{df !@ kxf8 Pj+ lxdfndf @# ul/ #% lhNnfdf ljefhg ul/Psf] lyof] .
 g]kfnnfO{ @)!* a}zfv ! ut] !$ c~rn &% lhNnfdf ljefhg ul/Psf] lyof]
 lj=; @)@( c;f/ !# df $ ljsf;If]qdf ljefhg
 lj=; @)#& c;f]h @^ df % ljsf;If]qdf ljefhg
 g]kfndf xfn && lhNnf / & j6f k|b]zdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 .
ljleGg k|b]zdf kg]{ lhNnfx?
k|b]z g+= ! k|b]z g+= @ k|b]z g+= # Uf08sL k|b]z - k|b]z g+= % s0ff{nL k|b]z ;'b'/klZrd k|b]z
-!$j6f lhNnf _ -*j6f -!#j6f lhNnf_ !!j6f lhNnf_ -!@ j6f lhNnf_ -!)j6f lhNnf_ -(j6f lhNnf _
lhNnf _
emfkf /f}tx6 bf]nvf uf]/vf slkna:t' d'u' bfr+'nf
df]/ª af/f g'jfsf]6 ndh'ª kfNkf x'Dnf a}t8L
;'g;/L wflbª tgx' c3f+vfFrL sflnsf]6 88]nw'/f
tfKn]h'ª k;f{ lrtjg sf:sL u'NdL hfh/sf]6 s}nfnL
kfFry/ ;Kt/L dsjfgk'/ dgfª ?s'd k"jL+ efu ?s'd klZrd s~rgk'/
Onfd l;/fxf eQmk'/ afUn'ª /f]Nkf ;Nofg afh'/f
;f]n'v'Da' wg'iff /fd]5fk gjnk/f;L gjnk/f;L 8f]Nkf aemfª
cf]vn9'+uf dxf]Q/L l;Gw'nL -ab{3f6 ;':tf abf{+3f6 ;':tf klZrd h'Dnf 8f]6L
pbok'/ ;nf{xL sfe|]knf~rf]s k"j{_ ?kGb]xL bn}v] c5fd
;+v'jf;ef l;Gw'kfNrf]s d':tfª bfË ;'v]+t
t]x|y'd /;'jf kj{t afFs]
wgs'6f nlntk'/ :ofªhf alb+{of
ef]hk'/ sf7df08f} DofUbL Ko"7fg
vf]6fª

g]kfnsf c~rn lhNnf / ltgsf l;dfgf

 lrg;+u l;dfgf hf]8LPsf] k|b]z Pp6fs0ff{nL k|b]z
 ef/t;+u dfq l;dfgf hf]8LPsf k|b]z @ j6f k|b]z @ / k|b]z %
 ef/t / lrg b'j} b]z ;+u l;dfgf hf]8LPsf k|b]z $ j6f k|b]z !, k|b]z #, u08sL k|b]z / ;'b'/klZrd k|b]z
 ef/t;+u dfq hf]l8Psf lhNnf @%
 rLg ;+u dfq hf]l8Psf lhNnf !#
 ef/t / rLg b'j} b]z;+u hf]l8Psf lhNnf @ tfKn]h'u / bfr'+nf
 ef/t / rLg b'j} b]z;+u ghf]l8Psf lhNnf #& j6f
14
 cfkmgf] c~rnsf lhNnf;+u dfq l;dfgf hf]l8Psf lhNNff # j6f 5g\ g'jfsf]6,eQmk'/ / ndh'ª
 g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf nfdf] lhNnf wflbª
 If]qkmnsf] lx;fan] ;a} eGbf 7'nf] lhNnf 8f]Nkf xf] eg] ;fgf] lhNnf eQmk'/ xf] .
 ltglt/jf6 glbn] l;dfgf 5'6ofPsf] lhNnf cf]vn9'uf xf] .
 ;dfg If]qkmn ePsf lhNnfx? alb+of—8f]l6 @)@% ju{ lsdL /fd]5fk / tgx' [!%$^ ju{ lsdL x'g
 a/fa/ If]qkmn x'g] c~rn sf]zL / hgsk' (^^( ju{ lsdL

g]kfndf :yflgo tx
 xfn :yfgLo txsf] ;+Vof &%#
 dxfgu/kflnsf ^ pkdxfgu/kflnsf !! gu/kflnsf @&^ / ufp+kflnsf $^)
 w]/} :yfgLo tx ;nf{xL -@) j6f_
 ufp+kflnsf gePsf lhNnf sf7df08f} / eQmk'/
 gu/kflnsf gePsf lhNnf % j6f /x]sf 5g\ .dgfª,d':tfª,/;'jf / x'Dnf k'lj{ ?s'd
 !! j6f pkdxfgu/kflnsf –O{{6x/L, w/fg, x]6f}8f, sn}of, lhtk'/ l;d/f, hgsk'/, g]kfnu~h, j'6jn, wgu9L, t'N;Lk'/ / 3f]/fxL
 ^ j6f dxfgu/kflnsf–nlntk'/, sf7df08f}, e/tk'/ lj/u+h, lj/f6gu/, / kf]v/f n]vgfy dxfgu/kflnsf
;a}eGbf 7'nf / ;fgf % lhNnf
7'nf % lhNnf If]qkmn j=ls=ld= ;fgf % lhNnf If]qkmn j=ls=ld=
8f]Nkf 7889 eQmk'/ 119
x'Dnf 5655 nlntk'/ 385
tfKn]h'u 3646 sf7df08f} 395
uf]/vf 3610 kj{t 494
d':tfu 3573 t] x|y'd 679
hgu0fgf @)^* cg';f/ ;a}eGbf w]/} / yf]/} hg;+Vof ePsf % lhNnfx?
w]/} hg;+Vof% x'g] yf]/} hg;+Vof x'g] %lhNnf
lhNnf

sf7df08f} dgfu
df]/u d':tfu
?kGb]xL 8f]Nkf
emfkf /;'jf
s}nfnL x'Dnf

ljsf; If]qcg';f/ 7"nf] / ;fgf] % lhNnf

ljsf; If]q 7"nf] lhNnf ;fgf] lhNnf
k"jf+~rn tfKn]h'u t]x|y'd
dWodf~rn l;Gw'kfNrf]s eQmk'/
klZrdf~rn uf]/vf kj+t
dWo klZrdf~rn 8f]Nkf Ko'7fg
;'b'/ klZrdf~rn Aemfu a}t8L

k|fs[lts ;|f]tx¿M
gbL k|0ffnLsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] ljefhg
sf]zL k|b]z
 k"j{df s~rghª\3f lxdfnob]lv lnP/ klZrddf nfd6fª If]q;Ddsf] hnfwf/ If]q
 sf]zL gbL
 g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf 7'nf] gbL
 &@) ls=ld= nfdf] .
 hnk|jfx cf};t !,%^$ So'ljs ld6/ k|lt ;]s]G8
15
 ;xfos gbLx¿ c?0f, tdf]/, ;'gsf]zL, OGb|fjtL, tfdfsf]zL, b'wsf]zL, lnv'
 ;a}eGbf 7"nf] gbL c?0f xf] eg] ;a}eGbf ;fgf] gbL lnv' xf] .
u08sL k|b]z
 k"j{df nfd6fª lxdfnsf] uf];fOs'08 If]qb]lv klZrddf wf}nflu/L lxdfn ;Ddfsf]] efu
 u08sL gbL
 g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf ulx/f] glb
 gf/fo0fL gbL klg elgg]
 nDafO{ sl/j ##* ls=ld=.
 hnk|jfx cf};t !,&!# So'ljs ld6/ k|lt ;]s]G8
 ;xfos gbLx¿df lqz'nL, a'9Lu08sL, d:of{ªbL, dfbL, ;]tL, sfnLu08sL / b/f}bL
 ;a}eGbf 7'nf] sfnLu07sfL ;a}eGbf ;fgf] lqz'nL .
s0ff{nL k|b]z
 k"j{df wf]nflu/L lxdfn b]lv klZrddf Jof; qm[lif lxdfn ;Ddsf] e"–efu
 s0ff{nL gbL
 g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf nfdf] gbL
 nDafO{ %)& ls=ld=.
 hnk|jfx cf};t !,#!^ So"ljs ld6/ k|lt;]s]G8 /x]sf] .
 ;fxfos gbLx¿df x'Dnf s0ff{nL, d'u' s0ff{nL, 7"nf] e]/L, ;fgf] e]/L, ltnf, a'9LuËf / ;]tL kb{5g\ .
g]kfnsf glbsf] :t/ ljefhg
 klxnf] :t/sf glb Mlxdfndf d"n ePsf afx}| dlxgf c6'6 ?kdf kfgL aUg] sf]lz u08sL / s0ff{nL h:tf gbLx?
 bf];|f] :t/sf glb M dxfef/t kj{tdf d"n ePsf d]lr,sgsfO{, df]xgf, sdnf, /fktL jf0fu+uf cflb gbLx? .
 t];|f] :t/sf glb M r'/] kj{tdf d"n ePsf dg';df/f,js}of /ftf] ,xlb{gfy h:tf gbLx? .
 ef]6df d'n ePsf glb c?0f, tdf]/,;'gsf]zL,tfdfsf]zL,lqz'nL / x'Dnf s0ff+nL x'g .
 pQ/ u+uf eGgfn] ;fgL e]/LnfO+ hgfp5 eg] pQ/ afxLgL eGgfn] sd{gf;fnfO{ hgfp5 .
 Ps} gfdn] b'O{lt/ axg] glb /fKtL glb xf] eg] blIf0f b]lv pQ/ lt/ aUg] glb sd{gf;f xf] .
glb / ltgsf pbud:yn
 sflnu08sL d':tfu n]s  d:ofubL bfdf]b/ lxdfn
 lji0f'dlt ;kglty{  tdf]/ s'Des0f+ lxdfn
 b/f}bL a'4 lxdfn  ;]ltu08sL cGgk'0f{ lxdfn
 jfudtL jfu4f/  a'l9u08sL u0f]z lxdfn
 lqz'nL uf];fOs'08  d]rL nfnL vs{
 dflb cGgk'0f{ lxdfn  ;]lt z}kfn lxdfn
 lqz'nL uf];fO s'08

k|d'v glb / tLgsf] kf}/fl0fs gfd

 c?0f dxfk|ef  wf]aL vf]nf ?b|dlt
 b/f}bL ljZjwf/f  6's'rf O+R5'dlt
 OGb|fjlt ;Tojlt  lq;'nL sd{w/f
 d:of+FbL lztk|ef  a'9L u08sL ozf]w/f
 s0ff+nL k~r]Zj/L

16
ef/tdf k'u]kl5 s'g gbLnfO s] elgG5 .
 sf]zL bfdf]b/, ljxf/sf] b'v
 sGsfO ljl/u+
 s0ff{+nL 3f3/f
 d]rL dxfgGbf
 dxfsfnL zf/bf
 aaO ;/o'

g]kfnsf em/gfx¿
em/gfsf] gfd lhNnf a}s'07] kfNkf
u'D5fyfn l;Gw'kfNrf]s u+uf hd'gf wflbË
cf]8f/L pbok'/ k'mËk'mË g'jfsf]6
;'nLufF8 8f]Nkf 5/5/] kfNkf
Xoft'Ë t]x«y'd WofDr] d'u'
¿k;] d':tfË tLnv'jf c3f{vfFrL
e}/js'08 l;Gw'kfNrf]s 8]le; kmN; -kftn] sf:sL
l6ktfn tfKn]h'Ë 5fFuf]_

g]kfnsf vlghx¿
vlgh kfOg] If]q k]6«f]lnod sf]Onfjf;, g]kfnu+h, wgu9L, d'lQmgfy, b}n]v,
kbfy{ Ko"7fg, bfË
ce|v aemfª, ef]hk'/, nDh'ª, uf];fOs'08, ;'Gb/Lhn, tfdf tfdfvfgL, l;;fvfgL, s'n]vfgL, a'4vf]nf, afx|lj;],
Hofld/], l;Gw'nLu9L, DofUbL, Onfd
8f6L cflb . uGws lr;fkfgLu9L, uf];fOFs'08, a/fx If]q
r'g9'+uf rf]ef/, e};] bf]efg, x]6f}8f, uf]bfj/L, ;'v]{t, kfNkf, :n]6 aGbLk'/, nlntk'/, uf]vf{, wflbª, /fd]5fk
lrtjg cflb . lzzf u0f]z lxdfn, km'nrf]sL, dfkmf{, j}t8L, unsf]6,
h:tf k'mnrf]sL, u0f]z lxdfn, gfDrf cflb . ltKnfª .
sf]Onf rt/f, lrtjg, ;Nofg, bfË / sf7df08f} . ;'g sfnLu08sL, a'9L u08sL, ;'gsf]zL .
v/L ef]hk'/, vf]6fË, l;Gw'kfNrf]s . rfFbL afUn'ª, k'mnrf]sL, lr;fkfgL u9L,
kmnfd 7f];], k'mnrf]sL, e};] s'n]vfgL, 8f]6L, Ko"7fg, aGbLk'/,
DofUbL cflb .
dfj{n uf]bfj/L Pj+ dxfef/tsf ljleGg 7fpFdf .
g]kfnsf k|d'v e~Hofªx¿
kf]kl6of e~Hofª ;+v'jf;ef gfDhf e~Hofª d'u'
nfs{] e~Hofª uf]vf{ p/} e~Hofª jemfË
rfj'skf6L e~Hofª tfKn]h'Ë of/L e~Hofª x'Dnf
l6ªs/ e~Hofª bfr'{nf k"mjL{ Wof+r" e~Hofª tfKn]h'Ë
rfªnf e~Hofª x'Dnf l6ktfn e~Hofª tfKn]h'Ë
Uofnf e~Hofª uf]/vf
s'g :yfg s'g lhNnfdf kb{5 <
sfqm] ljxf/ ;'v]{t
afu]Zj/L b]jL dlGb/ afFs]
kfyLe/f dlGb/ tfKn]h'ª
l/8L kfNkf
hfgsL dlGb/ wg'iff
/];'Ëf u'NdL
xn];L dxfb]j vf]6fª
17
 b]jL3f6 g'jfsf]6
/QmsfnL dlGb/ ;'g;/L
kgf}tL sfe|]
:ju{åf/L Ko"7fg
l;4fy{ kf]v/L ¿kGb]xL
xfjfkfgLsf] cfwf/df ljefhg
pi0f dg;'gL xfjfkfgL M

 g]kfnsf] t/fO{ efj/, leqL dw]z / r'/] kxf8sf] !@)) ld6/;Dd o; k|sf/sf] xfjfkfgL kfO{G5 .
 o; k|b]zdf tfkqmd u[iddf #*) ;]= b]lv $@) ;]= ;Dd k'Ub5 eg] lxpFbdf !%);]= b]lv %);]= ;Dd cf]ln{G5 .
 dg;'gLxfjfaf6 u[iddf @)) ldlnld6/eGbf a9L jiff{ x'G5 .
 of] xfjfkfgL udL{ / cf]l;nf] ePsf]n] :jf:Yosf nflu Tolt kmfObfhgs geP tfklg v]tLsf] nflu eg] pko'Qm dflgG5 .
Gofgf] ;dzLtf]i0f xfjfkfgL M

 o:tf] xfjfkfgL r'/] kxf8sf] !@)) ld6/b]lv @!)) ld6/;Ddsf] nfdf] If]qdf kfO{G5 .
 ofxfF lu|iddf lbg Gofgf] / nfdf] x'G5 eg] lxpFbdf 5f]6f] / 708f x'G5 .
 oxfFsf] tfkqmd lu|iddf !%);]= k'Ub5 lxpFbdf %) ;]= eGbf sd x'G5
 pQ/L If]qdf !)) ;]=ld= dfq jiff{ x'G5 .
708f ;dzLtf]:0f xfjfkfgL M

 o; k|sf/sf] xfjfkfgL dxfef/t kj{tsf] @!)) b]lv ##%) ld6/;Ddsf] If]qdf kfOG5 .
 o; If]qdf u[iddf tfkqmd !)) ;]lN;o;b]lv !%) ;]lN;o;;Dd k'Ub5 eg] lxpFbdf );]= eGbf sd x'G5 .
 aiff{ %) ;]= ld= eGbf sd kb{5 .
n]sfnL xfjfkfgL M

 ##%) ld6/b]lv %))) ld6/;Ddsf] If]qdf o:tf] xfjfkfgL kfO{G5 .

 jif{el/df sl/a #) ;]=ld= dfq jiff{ x'G5 .
 r}q, a}zfv, h]i7df tfkqmd !)) ;]lNo;;Dd k'Ub5 eg] cGo ;dodf )) eGbf sd x'G5 .
lxdfnL xfjfkfgL M

 of] xfjfkfgL ;d'Gb|L ;tx b]lv %))) ld6/eGbf dflysf] prfOdf kfOG5 .
 jif}{e/ lxpF kg]{ x'Fbf o; If]qdf cToGt hf8f] x'G5 .
 tfkqmd ) l8u|L ;]lN;o;eGbf sd x'G5 .

g]kfndf df6f]

kfFuf] df6f]
 t/fOsf] kmfF6 / glb lsgf/df kfOg],jif+fdf glbn] aufP/ NofO y'kf/]sf] df6f] / jfn'jfdf s'lxPsf] emf/kft ;d]t ldln aGf]sf] df6f]
 wfg, ;gkf6, pv', ;'tL{, t]nxg cflb sf nflu pko'Qm
tn}of df6f]

 pkTosf / kmf6x?sf tfn ;'s]/ ag]sf] emf/kft k|;:t ;8]sf] ,sfnf],h}ljs cjz]if o'Qm df6f]
 df6f]sf] ulx/fO a9L x'gsf ;fy} h}ljs kbfy{ klg k|z:t x'g] x'bfF tn}of df6f] s[lifsf nflu ;jf]{Qd dflgG5 .
18
 wfg, ux'F, ;fukft sf nflu pko'Qm .
anf}6] kYy/Lnf] df6f]
 efj/ k|b]zlelq dw]; / r'/] kxf8df kfO+g],jif+fdf glbn] aufP/ NofO hDdf ePsf] jfn'jf,s+s8,kTy/+ ldln ag]sf] df6f]
 v]ltkftL sd pJhfp x'g],;fn,l;;f} h:tf ?vx? ;k|g] df6f]
/ftf] k'm;|f] df6f]
 dxfef/tsf] le/fnf] 7f_pjf6 df};dL kl/jt+gjf6 6'lqmPsf,;8]un]sf emf/kft ldn]/ ag]sf]
 /ftf] k'm;|f] df6f]df ,r'g,gfO+6\f]hg / km:kmf]/; h:tf vlgh sd x'g]
lxdfnL df6f]
 lxdglbn] aufO+ y'kf/]sf] df6f], jfn'jf s+s8,kTy/ ldln ag]sf] lxdfnL If]qsf] glb lsgf/df kfO+g] df6f]

g]kfnsf ljdfg:yn / tL kg]+ lhNnf

 dl;g]rf}/,h'kmfn 8f]Nkf
 kfn'u6f/ uf]/vf
 tfNrf d'u'
 t'DnLu6f/ ;v'jf;ef
 ?Dhf6f/ cf]vn9'uf
 u]6f s}nfnL
 sfu]n8fF8f,kmfKn',n'Snf, :ofuaf]r] ;f]n'v'Da'
 l;4fy+uf}td e}/xjf
 ;'s]6f/ tfKn]h'u
g]kfnsf tfnx?

 vKt8 bx c5fd  hub'Nnf tfn 8f]Nkf

 u+uf;fu/ wg'iff  s'le08] tfn ;Nofg
 lu/Lbx h"Dnf  lemnldnf tfn s~rgk'/
 ggbefph' tfn lrtjg  /f}tfxfkf]v/L pbok'/
 bfdf]b/ s'08 d':tfª  kfFr kf]v/L l;Gw'kfNrf]s
 uf];fOs'08 /;'jf  C0fdf]Ifbx d'u'
 ;TojtL tfn kfNkf  sfldgL bx af/f
 aL;xhf/L tfn lrtjg  ;'s] tfn kfNkf
 R5/f]Nkf tfn bf]nvf  efn] af:g] tfn DofUbL
 a~hf/L tfn k;f+{  ;fNkf kf]v/L ef]hk'/
 a'na'n] tfn ;'v]+t  d}bL tfn sf:sL
 a}s'07] tfn lrtjg  dfOlbof kf]v/L k;f{
 hulb;k'/ tfn slknj:t'  /fgL tfn s~rgk'/
 k]mjf tfn sf:sL  nf};f tfn, ;u|xjf ?kGb]xL
 3f]8f3f]8L tfn s}nfnL

19