BS8110 Compliance Page 1 of 7

BS8110 Compliance
This section is applicable when the BS8110 concrete code and the BS6399 loading code have been selected in
Building Parameters.
The clauses relating to loads and materials are as follows:
Loads
Orion calculates all standard loads based on the considerations stated in clauses 2.4.1.
Design loads are calculated based on the load combinations stated in Cl 2.4.3.1 (Design Loads).
Material Properties
Concrete and Steel grades included in the code are available in the program.
Design strengths of the materials are calculated based on the Partial Strength Safety Factors for Strength of
Materials, gm , obtained from Table 2.2.
Design and Detailing
The clauses relating to design and detailing are covered in the following topics:
Main Topic/Sub Topics
Code Compliance
General
Design and Detailing Beams (BS8110 Cl 3.4)
Design and Detailing Slabs (BS8110 Cl 3.5)
Design and Detailing Columns (BS8110 Cl 3.8)
Reinforcement
Curtailment of Reinforcement
Spacing of Reinforcement

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General
General clauses:

Critical Loading Arrangements

The loading combinations are formed based on the considerations provided in Cl 3.2.1.2.2, with the following
exception:

Pattern Loadings:
1. All spans are loaded with the maximum design ultimate load (1.4Gk + 1.6Qk)
2. Alternate spans are loaded with the maximum design ultimate load (1.4Gk + 1.6Qk) and all other spans
are loaded with (1.4Gk).

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Redistribution of Moments (Cl 3.2.2)

Moment redistribution is not performed automatically.

Nominal Concrete Cover to Reinforcement (Cl 3.3.1)

Nominal cover is calculated by the program automatically for "Mild" exposure conditions using values stated in
Table 3.3. Manual user input for the concrete cover is required for other exposure conditions.

Bar Size (Cl 3.3.1.2)

Steel bars are provided in tabular form in the program, so that bars that are available may be checked and used
by the program.
Main Topic/Sub Topics
BS8110 Compliance

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Design and Detailing Beams (BS8110 Cl 3.4)

The clauses related specifically to beam design and detailing are as follows:

Effective Width of Flanged Beam

Effective Flange Widths are calculated based on Cl 3.4.1.5.
In these equations, lz is taken as 0.70 times the effective span.

Slenderness Limits for Beams for Lateral Stability

Slenderness limits for the lateral stability of the beams is checked based on Cl 3.4.1.6.

Analysis of Sections
All considerations stated in the Cl 3.4.4.1 are fulfilled. Simplified stress block for concrete as illustrated in Figure
3.3 is utilized.

Design of Beams for Bending

Beam section design is carried out based on the formulation provided in Cl 3.4.4.4 for rectangular beams and Cl
3.4.4.5 for flanged beams.

Design of Beams for Shear

Design shear resistance of beams are calculated based on Cl 3.4.5.
Shear stresses in beams are calculated based on Cl 3.4.5.2.
Shear reinforcement is determined based on Cl 3.4.5.3.
Design concrete shear stress, vc, is calculated based on Cl 3.4.5.4, using Table 3.8.
Spacing of links is provided based on the considerations stated in Cl 3.4.5.5, using Table 3.7.

Shear Resistance of Bent-up Bars

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Shear Resistance of Bent-up Bars are not considered in shear design.

Shear and Axial Load

Design Shear Stress vc' is calculated based on the formulation provided in Cl 3.4.5.12.

Deflection of Beams
Deflection checks for the beams are carried out based on Cl 3.4.6.3. The basic span/effective depth ratios are
taken from Table 3.9.
For spans exceeding 10m the values in Table 3.9 are adjusted in accordance with Cl 3.4.6.4.
Modification of span/depth ratios for compressive reinforcement is carried out based on Cl 3.4.6.6 and based on
the values provided in Table 3.10.
Main Topic/Sub Topics
BS8110 Compliance

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Design and Detailing Slabs (BS8110 Cl 3.5)

Conditions in Cl 3.5.2.3 are not checked and a warning is not issued. The user must apply the method to the slabs
satisfying the conditions in this clause.

One-way Spanning Slabs

The analysis of one-way spanning slabs is based on Cl 3.5.2.4 using the moment coefficients provided in Table
3.12.

Two-way Spanning Slabs

The analysis of two-way spanning slabs is based on Cl 3.5.3.3 and 3.5.3.5 using the moment coefficients provided
in Table 3.14.
Main Topic/Sub Topics
BS8110 Compliance

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Design and Detailing Columns (BS8110 Cl 3.8)

The clauses related specifically to column design and detailing are as follows:

Short and Slender Column Check

Short and Slender Column Check is carried out based on Cl 3.8.1.3.

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Effective Height of a Column

Column Effective Height is calculated based on provisions in Cl 3.8.1.6.1 and Section 2.5 of BS8110: Part 2
separately for both of the two directions.

Slenderness Limits for Columns

Column slenderness limits is checked based on Cl 3.8.1.7.

Slenderness of Unbraced Columns

Slenderness of Unbraced Columns is calculated based on Cl 3.8.1.8.
Moments and Forces in Columns
Column internal forces are calculated by the general frame analysis. Additional moments induced by deflection
(Cl 3.8.2.2) are considered during the determination of the design forces.

Minimum Eccentricity
Minimum eccentricity conditions provided in Cl 3.8.2.4 are considered during the determination of the design
forces.

Additional Moments Induced by Deflection

Deflection induced moments in solid slender columns are calculated based on the formulations provided in Cl
3.8.3.1 (Design), Cl 3.8.3.2 (Design Moments in Braced Columns Bent About a Single Axis), Cl 3.8.3.3 (Slender
Columns Bent About a Single Axis) and Cl 3.8.3.6 (Slender Columns Bent About Both Axes).

Design of Column Section for ULS

Analysis and design of column section is based on Cl 3.8.4.3, Cl 3.8.4.4 and Cl 3.8.4.5.

Biaxial Bending
The program is capable of considering Biaxial Bending using the Ultimate Strength Design procedures as well as
the method provided in Cl 3.8.4.5 that is based on the design for an increased moment.

Shear in Columns
The design shear strength of columns is checked in accordance with Cl 3.4.5.12 and the design is based on the
provisions in Cl 3.8.4.6.
Main Topic/Sub Topics
BS8110 Compliance

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Reinforcement
The clauses related to reinforcement are as follows:

Minimum Percentages of Reinforcement

Minimum percentages of reinforcement are checked and provided automatically based on the requirements
stated in Cl 3.12.5.3.

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Minimum sizes of bars in side faces of beams to control cracking is

Minimum Sizes of Bars in Side Faces of Beams is provided based on Cl 3.12.5.4.

Maximum Areas of Reinforcement in Beams

Maximum areas of reinforcement in beams is checked in accordance with Cl 3.12.6.1.

Maximum Areas of Reinforcement in Columns

Maximum areas of reinforcement in columns is checked in accordance with Cl 3.12.6.2.

Maximum Areas of Reinforcement in Walls

Maximum areas of reinforcement in walls is checked in accordance with Cl 3.12.6.3.

Links for Containment of Compression Reinforcement of Beams or Columns

Links for containment reinforcement in beams and columns is provided in accordance with Cl 3.12.7.1.
Arrangement of links for containment of beam or column compression reinforcement is performed based on Cl
3.12.7.2.
Containment of compression reinforcement for circular columns is based on Cl 3.12.7.3.

Design Anchorage Bond Stress

Design anchorage bond stress is calculated in accordance with Cl 3.12.8.3 and values for design ultimate
anchorage bond stress are calculated in accordance with Cl 3.12.8.4.

Minimum Laps
Minimum lap lengths are checked in accordance with Cl 3.12.8.11

Design of Tension Laps

Tension laps are designed based on provisions in Cl 3.12.8.13.

Design of Compression Laps

Compression laps are designed based on provisions in Cl 3.12.8.15.

Effective Anchorage Length of a Hook or Bend

Effective anchorage length of hooks or bends is calculated in accordance with Cl 3.12.8.23.

Minimum Radius of Bends

Minimum radius of bends is based on consideration provided in Cl 3.12.8.24.
Main Topic/Sub Topics
BS8110 Compliance

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Curtailment of Reinforcement

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The clauses related to curtailment are as follows:

Beams
The curtailment of beam reinforcement is in accordance with Cl 3.12.10.2 based on figure 3.24.

Slabs
The curtailment of slab reinforcement is in accordance with Cl 3.12.10.3 based on figure 3.25.
Main Topic/Sub Topics
BS8110 Compliance

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Spacing of Reinforcement
The clauses related to spacing of reinforcement are as follows:

Minimum Distance Between Bars

The minimum horizontal distance between the bars is checked in accordance with Cl 3.12.11.1.

Maximum Distance Between Bars

The maximum distance between the bars in tension is checked in accordance with Cl 3.12.11.2.

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Main Topic/Sub Topics

BS8110 Compliance

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