C201 - Construction Estimating & Valuations - July 2019 PDF

Copyright © 2019 by Construction Computer Software (CCS)
This publication is protected by copyright, and permission must be

obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage
in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means,
electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise.
Manual Version: 2019.07 (July 2019)
Information is correct as per the functionality present in

Candy v 2.01e06.4.
C201
Construction
Estimating & Valuations
Table of Contents
Table of Contents.......................................................................................................................... 1
Chapter 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................. 5
1.1 Updating Candy .............................................................................................................................................. 5
Chapter 2. Starting Up................................................................................................................ 7
2.1 Data Path Manager ...................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Company Manager ....................................................................................................................................... 7
2.3 Create a New Company ............................................................................................................................ 8
2.4 Job Manager ..................................................................................................................................................... 9
2.5 Create a New Job .......................................................................................................................................... 9
2.6 Recover a CCS Job ..................................................................................................................................... 10
2.7 System Registration .................................................................................................................................. 12
Chapter 3. Candy User Interface ......................................................................................... 13
3.1 Candy Navigation ........................................................................................................................................ 13
3.2 Document Navigation ............................................................................................................................... 14
3.3 Right-click Menu Functions ................................................................................................................... 16
3.4 Customising the System ........................................................................................................................ 17
3.5 Keystrokes, Icons and Mouse Functions...................................................................................... 21
Chapter 4. Bill Creation ............................................................................................................ 23
4.1 Access “Waste Water Treatment Works” .................................................................................... 24
4.2 Setting up a New Estimate ................................................................................................................... 24
4.3 The Bill Importer Document ................................................................................................................ 25
4.4 Importing a BOQ from an Excel spreadsheet .......................................................................... 26
4.5 The Estimating Document Manager................................................................................................ 33
4.6 Exercise 1 .......................................................................................................................... 35
Chapter 5. Candy Estimating ................................................................................................. 37
5.1 Plug Rate Pricing .......................................................................................................................................... 39
5.2 Split Rate Pricing ......................................................................................................................................... 41
Chapter 6. Pricing using Worksheets ................................................................................ 45
6.1 Price Codes ...................................................................................................................................................... 45
6.2 Trade Code Allocation .............................................................................................................................. 46
6.3 Pricing using Worksheets ....................................................................................................................... 48
Chapter 7. Worksheet Tools and Shortcuts..................................................................... 67
7.1 Applied Factor “#” ...................................................................................................................................... 67
7.2 Local Variables .............................................................................................................................................. 68
7.3 Comments and Headings ....................................................................................................................... 70
7.4 Exercise 2 ......................................................................................................................................................... 71
Chapter 8. Subcontract Adjudicator ................................................................................... 73
8.1 Subcontract Adjudication Manager ................................................................................................. 73
8.2 Subcontract Package ................................................................................................................................ 75
8.3 Importing the Bill Items in the Subcontract Package......................................................... 76
8.4 Entering the Subcontractor Rates .................................................................................................... 77
8.5 Export and Import Subcontract Quote ......................................................................................... 78
1 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Table of contents

8.6 Transferring the Subcontractor Rates to the Bill ................................................................... 82
8.7 Open the Bill to view the Priced Metalworks Items.............................................................. 84
8.8 Exercise 3 ......................................................................................................................................................... 85
Chapter 9. Trade Totals Display & Resource Analysis ................................................ 87
9.1 Trade Totals Display .................................................................................................................................. 87
9.2 Resource Analysis ....................................................................................................................................... 87
Chapter 10. Markup ................................................................................................................... 89
10.1 Markup All Trades...................................................................................................................................... 89
10.2 Trade Markup ............................................................................................................................................... 91
10.3 Individual Markup...................................................................................................................................... 92
10.4 Trade Totals Display ................................................................................................................................ 93
10.5 Exercise 4 ....................................................................................................................................................... 94
Chapter 11. Report Manager ................................................................................................. 95
Chapter 12. Practical Day 1..................................................................................................101
Chapter 13. Masters ................................................................................................................105
13.1 Master Selection ...................................................................................................................................... 105
13.2 Definitions Menu...................................................................................................................................... 108
13.3 Coping Bill Items from a Master ................................................................................................... 109
13.4 Adding an Addendum. ........................................................................................................................ 114
13.5 Using the Master to Price Imported Items ............................................................................ 116
13.6 Exercise 5 .................................................................................................................................................... 121
Chapter 14. Post Tender Control .......................................................................................123
14.1 Selling Rate ................................................................................................................................................ 123
Chapter 15. Value Engineering or Remodelling ..........................................................125
15.1 Tender Value.............................................................................................................................................. 125
15.2 Remodelling ................................................................................................................................................ 126
15.3 Bill of Quantities ...................................................................................................................................... 128
15.4 Exercise 6 .................................................................................................................................................... 129
Chapter 16. Summarising Resources into Cost and Group Codes .......................131
16.1 Defining the Cost and Group Codes ........................................................................................... 131
16.2 Resource List ............................................................................................................................................. 132
16.3 Allocating the Cost and Group Codes to the Resources ............................................... 133
16.4 Resource Analysis Reports ............................................................................................................... 136
Chapter 17. Control Labour and Plant using Task Codes ........................................139
17.1 Defining the Task Codes .................................................................................................................... 139
17.2 Task Code Allocation ............................................................................................................................ 140
17.3 Task Code Analysis ................................................................................................................................ 143
17.4 Task Code Reports ................................................................................................................................. 146

Chapter 18. Valuations...........................................................................................................149
18.1 Valuation Setup ....................................................................................................................................... 149
18.2 Primary Valuations Quantities........................................................................................................ 152
18.3 Copy the Final Quantity from the Bill Quantity .................................................................. 152
18.4 Adjust the Final Quantities ............................................................................................................... 154
18.5 Enter the Valuation Quantities ...................................................................................................... 154
18.6 Valuation Report Manager ................................................................................................................ 156
18.7 Valuation Trade Total Display ........................................................................................................ 160
Chapter 19. Next Valuation Setup .....................................................................................161
19.1 Next Valuation Setup ........................................................................................................................... 161
Chapter 20. Practical Day 2..................................................................................................165
Annexure A. Forecasting the BOQ using Candy Planning .......................................167
Create Program Activities using the Bill of Quantities ................................................................... 170
B.O.Q with Budget Forecast ............................................................................................................................ 174
Resource Usage Forecast .................................................................................................................................. 175
Resource Histogram ............................................................................................................................................. 177
Annexure B. Pricing the remaining Guard House Items..........................................181
Annexure C. Project Control using Candy & BuildSmart .........................................187

Chapter 1. Introduction
1.1 Updating Candy

The Candy software can be updated from within the system or alternatively, from our website.
Do the following steps:
Access the Candy software from your desktop by double-clicking on the Candy icon .
Click Support >Update Candy.
Select Download and install the latest version and click .
Select the applicable Server (closest to you) to download from and click .
5 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Introduction

Click .
Click to install version 2.01xxx.
Note: CCS does not send out any update notifications. It is your responsibility to always
make sure that you have the latest version of Candy. We recommend you update once a
month.
6 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Introduction

Chapter 2. Candy Filing Structure
2.1 Data Path Manager
Access the Candy software from your desktop by double-clicking on the Candy icon .
Complete the User details: Name & surname, Person ID (Initials) and Company name.
This is the top-level menu in the system where unlimited Data Paths can be added (limited
to disk space).
2.2 Company Manager

This is the second level menu in the system where a maximum of 24 companies can be
created, accessed, renamed and deleted by the user. For example, if you are tendering in a
joint venture with another firm, you can create a brand-new company for that bid.
Note: The Company Manager generates a New Header and a New Company automatically.
7 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy Filing Structure

2.3 Create a New Company
Right-click in an empty line and select Add a new company.
Right-click
Change the Company Name to CCS Training Company and click .
Note: You can define a Company Code, set a Password, add a Logo and make some
Notes for this new company.
The CCS Training Company will now display in your list of companies. Click .

2.4 Job Manager
To access the different jobs in this company, click on the specific job and .
Note: The Job Manager generates a New Header and a New Job automatically. You may
create up to 99 jobs within a company. These jobs can be copied, renamed, deleted and
backed-up using the Job menu or using the Right-click menu within this window.
2.5 Create a New Job
Right-click in an empty line.
Right-click
Select New job.

Change the Job name to Waste Water Treatment Works and click .
Note: For each job you can add additional information e.g. Job logo, Client details, Notes,
etc.
To open the job, double-click on the specific job or click .
2.6 Recover a CCS Demo Job
Right-click in an empty line.
Right-click

Select Recover job(s)> from Folder.
Recover the Candy Demonstration Job using the following directory on the Candy flash drive:
Candy flash drive/Candy Demo/Ventshaft_&_Substation_Contract_-_TENDER.
Click .
Click .

Click .
To access the Ventshaft_&_Substation_Contract_-_TENDER click or double-click

on the job.
2.7 System Registration

To use Candy, the system must be registered with CCS. If your system has not been
registered, the system registration dialogue box will be displayed as a broken key.
The registration process is completed telephonically using a set of unlocking codes. If the
system has been registered, the job selector will be displayed. CCS will allow prospective
clients a free trial license to access the software.
Once every 3 months you will be asked to validate your license. Click on the Validate online
button to complete the transaction.
Please visit our website and contact your nearest CCS office:
www.constructioncomputersoftware.com

Chapter 3. Candy User Interface
The Candy User Interface consists of four main sections namely: Title bar, Application Tabs,
Application Menus & Toolbars.
Candy Button Title Bar Application Tab General Menu Candy Version
Application Toolbar Application Menu Master Valuation Title General Toolbar
3.1 Candy Navigation

Candy Button Click to access the Job Manager or right-click to access the recent
Job list, Job, Company and Data Manager, system settings and to
exit the software.
Title Bar Displays the Company and Job you are currently accessing.
Candy Version Displays the software version installed on the computer and click on
displays the system information.
Application Tabs To select the various applications in Candy.
Application Menu Displays the menus of the applications selected.
General Menu Menu for Utilities & Support, license registration, support
information, CCS contact details, a website link to update the Candy
version and Help files.
General Toolbar Displays general tool buttons for use on all applications to access
system settings , close all documents and find a menu tool

button .
Application Toolbar Displays shortcuts specific to the application selected to access the
Document Manager , Valuation bill , Resource List , Setup
next Valuation etc. This tool bar changes when a different

application tab is selected.
Valuation Title Displays the Valuation number, name and date.
Customise Toolbar To select the toolbar buttons displayed on the different toolbars.
Master This drop-down will indicate your currently selected Master and list
your recent Masters.
13 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy User Interface

3.2 Document Navigation
To add the Standard Bill of Quantities Document to the Document Manager click Estimating >
Documents > Estimating Document Manager
Then click and select 1. Bill Pricing > 1.1 Standard Bill of Quantities

Click to open document 1.1 Standard Bill of Quantities.
Document Title Document Menu Document Toolbar Split Screen Buttons
Escape Column
Selector
Select all
records
Record
Selector
Page Navigation Function Buttons

Buttons
Document Title The name of the document.
Split Screen Buttons Resizes the document to the top or bottom half of the screen.
Escape Go back to the previous menu.
Document Menu The menus available for this document.
Document Toolbar Tool buttons for larger or smaller screen fonts, line deletion,
find & replace, export to Excel and print screen.
Function Buttons These buttons relate to the function keys on the keyboard:
Calculate (F12), Worksheet (F11) and Go to Page (F10). NB: If
the rates and heading totals require re-calculation, click the red
calculate button.
Page Navigation Enable the user to scroll between different pages: first page,
Buttons previous page, next page and last page of the bill.

3.3 Right-click Menu Functions
The menu functions in Candy are context sensitive; therefore, specific tasks can be performed
directly on the documents cell, record, or column by right-clicking for additional options.
In a cell:
Right-click
In a record/row selector:

In a selected column:
Right-click
3.4 Customising the System

To customise the system, click the icon or right-click on the Candy desktop.
Desktop
Change the desktop background image or colour, add a calendar and allow multiple monitors.

Fonts
Change the font style and size for various areas of the system. You may find that the display
of a document, for example the Bill of Quantities, is limited and might require some font
adjustments.
Interface
The appearance of the Candy interface can be changed here e.g. Theme and Tab colours.

Documents
Different colours can be selected for cursors, input fields on documents and level headings.
Folders and paths

This sheet holds various folder paths used by Candy. You can manually enter the path or map
the path by using the button.

Tool buttons
Frequently used shortcut keys can be added to or removed from the Utilities Toolbar.
Select Utilities Toolbar Buttons to activate or deactivate the required tool buttons on
screen.

3.5 Keystrokes, Icons and Mouse Functions
Mouse Functions
Note: This table assumes that the mouse buttons are configured for a right-handed user.
Mouse action Function

Left-click On an Active Document - moves the cursor line to and positions the
editing cursor at the mouse pointer.
On an Inactive Document - Turns the document Active and acts as above.
Right-click On an Active Document calls up the context menu.
Double-click Fetch another document, i.e. Double-click on a Net Rate calls up the
Worksheet.
Row Record Select a line of data for Dragging and Dropping.
+Left-click
Row Record Marks the Start and End of a range of records for Dragging and Dropping.
Shift+Left-click
Alt+Left-click Set an Alternate document.
Keystrokes
This is a list of the Editing and Cursor Movement Keystrokes, with a brief explanation of the
function, and the equivalent icon if available.
Note: Normal Windows shortcut keys can be used e.g. Ctrl C – Copy, Ctrl V – Paste etc.
Keystrokes Function
Shift+Esc(ape) Returns to the job selector.
Esc(ape) Returns to the previous menu.
Ctrl+Tab Moves the document currently on top to behind all other

documents.
Ctrl+Insert Inserts a new line at the cursor position.
Ctrl+Del Deletes the current line at the cursor.
Tab Moves the cursor forward to the next Field. Shift+Tab moves the
cursor backwards.
Home Moves the cursor to beginning of the field.
End Moves the cursor to the end of the field.
Ctrl + > Move to the next page.
Ctrl + < Move to the previous page.

Keystrokes Function
Ctrl+Page Up Takes you to the first line of the first page of a document.
Ctrl+Page Down Takes you to the first line of the last page of a document.
Ctrl+Enter Split the line at the cursor position.

Backspace Deletes one character at a time.
Ctrl+Backspace Deletes one word at a time.
Ctrl+Left-arrow Bubble Up - move the current line upwards.
Ctrl+Right-arrow Bubble Down - move the current line downwards.
Ctrl+Up-arrow Collapse level headings (to hide all text under headings).
Ctrl+Down-arrow Expand level headings (to show all text under headings).
Shift+Ctrl+Down- Opens all sub headings within the cursor position heading.
arrow
Shift+Ctrl+Up- Closes all sub headings within the cursor position heading.
arrow
Ctrl+Space Bar Open all headings completely.
Shift+Ctrl+Space Close all headings completely.
Bar
Ctrl+R Pick Up the current Line.
Shift+Ctrl+R Drop (insert) Lines picked up using Ctrl+R at the current line.
(Ctrl+D)
Ctrl+U Turn current line to UPPERCASE letters.
Ctrl+L Turn current line to lowercase letters.
Ctrl+T Turn current word to Sentence case.
Ctrl+K Copy the Field above.
Ctrl+J Copy the Field above and moves cursor down one line.
Alt+Del Close the active document.
Shift+Alt+Del Close All documents.
Ctrl+Z Undo.
Note: As soon as the cursor is moved off the line, the line is
stored, and the Undo button will not function.

Chapter 4. Bill Creation
A Standard Bill of Quantities can be created by:

 Typing it manually.
 Copying items from a previous Bill of Quantities, which is called a “Master”.
 Importing an entire bill from an external file, e.g. Excel, or WinQS, provided by the client or
QS.
We are going to create the Standard Bill of Quantities below by importing these Bill pages
from Microsoft Excel.
23 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Bill Creation

4.1 Access the Waste Water Treatment Works job
Click on to return to the Job Manager.
Double-click on Waste Water Treatment Works to access the job.
4.2 Setting up a new estimate
Click on Bill Prep.
The New Estimate setup dialog appears when accessing the job for the first time. The
Estimate setup dialog is used to select a Master and entering the tender details.
In this instance, there is no previously priced job that can be used as a Master for pricing the
Waste Water Treatment Works job.
Masters
A Master is simply a library; another previous job from which bill items, resources,
definitions and other information may be copied into the current job. Any job may be
used as the Master for the current job. Typically, an estimator will create a special
Master, which will be the source of standard information that can be used in other
jobs. Proper use of a Master will have a major impact on the speed of creating and
pricing an estimate.

Since there are no previous jobs and no Master, ensure that the Master selection checkbox is
not ticked. Click .
Click on Bill Prep, Bill Importing.
4.3 The Bill Importer Document

A Bill Importer document exists in Candy for importing Bills. The Bill Importer document
contains all the tools required to import and format the Bill. There are no bill items at present.

4.4 Importing a BOQ from an Excel spreadsheet
Copying all the Bill data in the Excel spreadsheet to the clipboard
Access the C201- Candy Estimating & Valuations folder on the Candy flash drive. Open the
Waste Water Treatment works Excel file and select all the data excluding the headings.

Right-click on the selected range and Copy (or Ctrl+C) to copy the Excel data to the clipboard.
Pasting the bill from the clipboard
Return to Candy. On the Bill importing document, right-click and paste (or Ctrl+V).
The Column Identifier dialog box appears.

In the Available Columns section, select Item number, Description, Unit and Bill
quantity. Select the item in the list that identifies the column . Then click on
the to allocate the heading.
Once all the columns have been identified click .
Note: Ensure that all punctuation settings are set up correctly.
The Bill Import Status indicates that 18 items were imported.
Note: The Bill quantity hash total should be the same as the sum in the bottom right of
your Excel document. If that is not the case, all items might not have been imported; or your
punctuation settings were set up incorrectly.

The Bill importing document shows the imported items.
Changing comments to section headings
Section headings
In a Candy Bill a hierarchy of headings can be created to simplify navigation of the
Bill, by opening and closing sections and generating summary pages in reports. Level
1-9 heading levels are available were 1 is your highest and 9 is your lowest; a c for
Comments is also available. All non-Bill items (i.e. items without item number, unit
and bill quantity) imported from an external file will be marked as Comments. Many
of these can be converted to meaningful headings to improve the readability of the
Bill.

In the Bill importing document change the EXCAVATION comment to a Level 1 heading
by overwriting the c with the number 1 in the Level column “L” (the first column). As the level
changes, the line colour will change to the colour for that specific level.
Do the same for H.D BOLTS AND MISCELLANEOUS METALWORK.
Paginating the bill

The original Bill contained two pages; our imported bill consists of one long bill page. Page
break marks need to be set in the Paginate column for all the items starting on a new Bill
page.

To set a page break on H.D. BOLTS AND MISCELLANEOUS METALWORK simply type the
number 2 in the New Page No column.
To paginate/repaginate the bill, right-click on the New Page No column header and select
Paginate the Bill.
Right-click

Note: You can insert page breaks after a certain number of bill items, at a certain level
heading or after a specific filtered word. (This will speed up the pagination process; especially
for larger bills).
Click to confirm the repagination.
Click to confirm the acceptance of the pagination process.
The bill has now been imported and the corresponding/required page breaks are set.

4.5 The Estimating Document Manager
The Bill of Quantities can be viewed, edited and priced using various layouts in the Estimating
Document Manager.
Open the Estimating Document Manager by clicking on the icon.
The Document Manager contains a standard set of data and column layouts that may be
copied, customised or renamed. The layouts in the Document Manager are universal to all jobs
in Candy.
Note: Any changes made to a document layout will reflect in all jobs.
Select document 1.1 Standard Bill of Quantities.
To arrange the documents in numerical sequence, ensure that the document that needs to
move is highlighted, in this instance document No 1.1. Hold down your Ctrl key on your
keyboard and strike the left arrow key to move the document upwards. Ctrl right arrow will
move the document downwards.

Note: The bill can now be viewed in Page mode or Normal mode.

4.6 Exercise 1
1. Create a new job in Candy with the name Guard House.
2. On the Candy flash in the C201 Estimation and Valuations Folder open the Practical folder.
3. Open the Guard house Excel file and import all the Guard house items into your new Candy
Job.
4. Change the comments to section level headings.
5. Paginate the bill with a page break for every level heading 2.
Result:
Note: Access the Waste Water Treatment Works job after completing this exercise.

Chapter 5. Candy Estimating
The Bill items can be priced using Plug rates, Split rates, or Worksheets. This chapter will
cover pricing where Plug and Split rates are used. The type of pricing used will show in the
Attributes column. This column should be added to the Bill document.
Open the Estimating Document Manager (Documents > Estimating Document Manager),
select 1.1 Standard Bill of Quantities and click to change the column layout.
Note: The Document Manager contains different layouts of one specific Bill of Quantities, and
not different Bills of Quantities.
The Column Selection dialog box appears.
Columns can be added from the Available Columns list to the Selected Columns list.
Note: The Available Columns are grouped into headings. Double-click on a heading to
expand it.
37 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy Estimating

Open section 2 Bill Items. Select column 2.8 Attributes and use the to move the
column to the Selected Columns list.
The column order can be changed with the and arrows.
Move the Attributes column to display underneath the Unit column and click to
store the new column layout.

5.1 Plug Rate Pricing
Plug rate pricing is done by simply plugging in a rate in the Net Rate column for each item.
In the Estimating Document manager, open 1.1 Standard Bill of Quantities.
Note: The U in the new Attributes column shows that all the bill items are Unpriced.
Price Item 1/A by entering 16.00 in the Net Rate column.
Every bill item will require a Trade code when pricing.
Click . No Trade codes currently exist in this job. Candy will allow the defining of
codes at this stage.
Click to define a trade.

In the New Trade dialog, enter an E for the code and the description as Earthworks and click
to add the trade Earthworks.
Allocate the new Earthworks trade to the Clear site bill item by selecting Earthworks and
.
Note: The PT in the Attributes column indicates that the item has a Plug rate and a Trade
markup.

Note: The Trade codes can be defined in the Definitions menu.
Access the Definitions menu by clicking on the blue hammer on the Candy Toolbar.
Select 1.1 Trades. Take note that the Earthworks trade was added when pricing Item 1/A.
Define the rest of the Trade codes by entering an alphabetic letter as a Trade code and then
a Trade description. A maximum of 52 trades may be defined. (26 upper and 26 lower case).
5.2 Split Rate Pricing
Open the Estimating Document Manager and open 1.6 Split Rate Pricing.
Note: If the document is not displayed it can be found under .

This warning will appear:
The Split Bill of Quantities document cannot display the Net split rates because Resource
types have not been defined yet. Resource types need to be defined. All definitions and
settings for Estimating are to be found in the Definitions and Settings dialog.
Click .
The Resource Types can be defined in the Definitions menu.
Access the Definitions menu by clicking on the blue hammer on the Candy Toolbar.
Define the 1.2 Resource Types below.
Go to the Document Manager again, customise document 1.6 Split Rate Pricing by adding in
the Attributes column as before. Open the document.

Note: The document can now display the newly defined Net split rate columns.
Price Item 1/B using split rates.
Remember to first allocate the Trade code by typing in the trade code “E” in the Trade code
column.
Now enter 6.00 in the Labour split rate column, 8.00 in the Plant split rate column and 4.00
in the Material split rate column.
Note: The ST in the Attributes column indicates that the item has a Split rate and a Trade
markup.

Chapter 6. Pricing using Worksheets
Note: We do not recommend using Plug rate and Split rate pricing because it only generates
financial information for the job. Pricing using Worksheets is the ideal method because it is
priced from first principles using resources. Candy can be used to its full potential to generate
both financial and engineering information.
Price Codes
The Price Code’s function is to deal with the unit price of a bill item. To rate a bill
item, a Price Code is entered against it and the bill item adopts the rate from the
Price Code regardless if it was generated by plug rate, split rates or worksheet.
The Price Code can be up to 8 alpha-numeric characters in length. The first
character of the Price Code must start with a Trade Code letter and the rest of the
code is entirely up to you.
Note that the Price Code has its own Description. The description of the bill item is
totally independent of the Price Code description. Therefore, two items in the bill with
different descriptions can be priced using the same Price Code. Conversely, two items
in the Bill with the same description can be priced using different Price Codes and
therefore have different rates.
6.1 Price Codes
Open the Document Manager and customise document 1.2 Pricing Bill by adding in the
Attributes column, as before but at the end of the layout. Open the document.
This layout contains columns relating to the Price Code.
Candy automatically created the Price Code for the first priced items.
Note: Item 1/A on Bill page 1 has a Price Code E00003 with a rate of 16.00. By allocating
the same Price Code to any other bill item, Candy will price it using this specific Price Code rate
and effectively speeding up the pricing process. Pricing using Worksheets is a lot easier if
Trade codes are initially allocated to the relevant bill items.
45 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Pricing using Worksheets

6.2 Trade Code allocation
Allocate trade codes to individual bill items
In Item 1/C’s Trade code field, right-click and select Allocate Trade Codes.
Right-click
Select Earthworks and
Allocate trade code to a range of bill items
Click on Item 1/D in the Trade code column and shift-click item H in the Trade code
column. This highlights the records in the selected range. Right-click on the selected range in
the Trade code column and select Allocate Trade codes from the menu.
Right-click

Select Earthworks and .
Click on to accept the allocation of the Trade Codes.
The Earthworks Trade code has been allocated to all items on Bill page 1.
Using the same method, allocate Trade code M to the Metalwork bill items on Bill page 2.

6.3 Pricing using Worksheets
Having allocated Trade codes, pricing items are easier using Worksheets. The worksheet
allows for resource-based pricing. The worksheet may contain up to 200 calculations.
Simple Resources
For Worksheet pricing, we need to create some resources. The Resource Types have
already been defined, which categorise Simple Resources. For example, Labour
resources fall under the L resource type and Material resources, such as stone, fall
under the M resource type.
Place the bar cursor on Item 1/C and click .
The worksheet will then be displayed.

Create a resource within a Worksheet
To create a resource, right-click on a blank line in the worksheet. Select Edit/New resource
from the menu.
Right-click
Enter the details for the new resource in the Resource input dialog as shown below.
Click .

The resource description and rate are now displayed on the worksheet. The resource is priced
at 15.75/hr and the bill item is per m3.
Enter the calculation *9hrs/day/1.5m3/day.
Note: The calculation is entered on the worksheet as it would be written on paper (free
format).
Store Worksheet Modes

The worksheet must be stored to reflect the Net rate in the Bill.
To display the different options, click on the or hold down the shift key and click
on button.
The Store modes available are:

 Store & next worksheet – Stores the current worksheets and displays the
next bill items worksheet.
 Store & return to document – Stores the current worksheet and returns to
the bill.
 Store & next unpriced worksheet – Stores the current worksheet and
displays the next unpriced bill items worksheet.

Click on and select the option to Store & return to document.
Store the worksheet by clicking on .
Note: The WT in the Attributes column indicates that the item has a Worksheet and a Trade
markup.
Create a resource directly on the Resource List
Click on the Resource List icon to display the Resource List. Resource Code 200 Unskilled
Labour (All in) was added when pricing Item 1/C.

Go to a blank line and enter a new resource called Charge Hand at 22.5/hr.
Price Item 1/D using a worksheet

Right-click in the Rate column of Item 1/D and select the Display worksheet option.
Right-click
Insert an existing resource in the Resource list using the right-click menu
To open the Resource List, right-click on a blank line in the worksheet and select Resource
list.
Right-click

Select resource 200 Unskilled Labour (All in) and. .
Add resource 210 Charge Hand using the same method. The worksheet now contains the
resources, but no calculation for the rate.
Enter the following calculations against each resource in the worksheet.

The worksheet contains two calculations. To display the total of both calculations, place an
equal sign = on a new line against the left margin and press enter. Notice the total for these
calculations at the end of the line.
Click .
Note: Item 1/D is now priced as WT using a Worksheet and Trade markup.

Complex Resources
It is tedious to select Unskilled Labour and Charge Hand and combine them every
time you price an excavation item in the Bill of Quantities. Similarly, when pricing
concrete, it would be tedious to combine the sand, stone and cement in the correct
portions for each bill item.
Candy allows you to combine these Simple Resources to create a Complex
Resource. When an excavation item needs to be priced, the Excavation team
complex should be added to the worksheet; similarly, when a concrete item needs to
be priced, the Concrete complex resource should be added to the worksheet for the
bill item.
Higher-level complex resources can be created including other complex and simple
resources. Level 9 is a very basic complex resource, which can include only Simple
resources. A Level 8 resource can include Level 9 and Simple resources. A Level 7
resource can include Level 8, Level 9 and Simple resources in a hierarchy of Complex
Resources.
The diagram below explains the principle of the hierarchy of Complex Resources:
Note: Complex resources must be priced using a worksheet.

Enter the new complex resource 220 Hand Excavation Team (1C + 2L) in the resource list.
With the cursor on the 220 Hand Excavation Team (1C + 2L), click on .
Insert a resource into a worksheet by typing in the resource code.
Type in the resource code 200 against the left margin of the worksheet and press enter. Do
the same to insert resource code 210. Enter the following calculations to calculate the daily
cost of the Hand Excavation Team (1C + 2L).

Remember to change the store mode to Store & back to document. Click .
Now the Resource List shows two Simple Resources and one Level 9 Complex Resource.
Insert a resource into a worksheet using the Drag & Drop method
Open the Worksheet for the Item 1/E - Excavate for Pit or Sump by clicking on the
.
To make it easier to perform these operations, move the Bill, Worksheet and Resource List into
the positions as displayed below.
Now click on the anchor in the Worksheet title bar to make the worksheet always appear
in the same position.

Click and hold down the mouse button on the record selector for the Hand Excavation
Team (1C + 2L), in the Resource List and drag & drop the resource onto the worksheet.
Drag & drop
Enter the following calculation to calculate the rate per m3 and click .

Copying Worksheets using the drag & drop method
The next Item 1/F has the same rate as Item 1/E. The worksheet can be copied from Item
1/E into Item 1/F using the drag and drop method.
Open the Worksheet for the Item 1/F - Excavate for retaining wall footings.
From the bill document click on the record selector bar for bill Item 1/E and drag it into the
worksheet for 1/F.
Drag & drop

The worksheet calculations for Bill Item 1/E is copied into Item 1/F worksheet.
Click .
Pricing Items 1/G and 1/H

The last 2 items on page 1 are deep excavations and will therefore require an Excavator.
Open the resource list and create Simple Resources for the Excavator and Diesel.
Remember the Simple Resources must be categorised into the correct Resource Type, i.e.
Excavator into Plant (P) and Diesel into Fuel (F).

Now create the Complex Resource for CAT 215 Excavator (wet). Remember that the
Complex Resource must have a Level number from 1 to 9.
Price the Complex Resource CAT 215 Excavator (wet) by clicking on and
use the following resources and calculations.
Use any one of the methods above to insert resources into the complex worksheet:
Click .

Adding Resource Headings to the Resource List
Note: Resource Headings can be added to your Resource List to organise your resources.
Create the following Resource Headings.
After closing and opening the Resource List, Candy will automatically organise the Resource
List according to the Resource Codes.

Price Item 1/G using a worksheet
Now Item 1/G can be priced from first principles using the complex resource CAT 215
Excavator (wet) and Unskilled Labourers.
Open the worksheet for Item 1/G.
Use the following resources and calculations to price the item.
Click .

Copy worksheets using the Insert a w/s button
Item 1/H is similar to Item 1/G. The only difference is the excavation depth. To save time,
copy the worksheet information from Item 1/G into Item 1/H.
Open the worksheet for Item 1/H.
Click. .
Use the “spinner” up and down arrows to scroll through the available Price Codes. When
Price Code E00009 appears, click to copy the worksheet information.

Adjust the production from 450m3/day to 400m3/day to compensate for the deeper
excavation.
Click .
Click to calculate the Heading Totals.
All the items on page 1 should now be priced and the page total should be 178,780.06.

Chapter 7. Worksheet Tools and Shortcuts
Various tools and shortcuts in the worksheets have been developed to speed up the pricing
process.
7.1 Applied Factor “#”
With the cursor on Item 1/H, click .
Note that many lines of the worksheet share a common production of /400m3/day. Instead
of entering the production on each calculation line, we can introduce an applied factor.
Remove the /400m3/day from the worksheet.
Place the cursor on the top line of the worksheet and insert a line by pressing Ctrl-Insert.
Now type a # sign on the first line. Type =/400m3/day on the last line and press Enter.
67 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Worksheet Tools and Shortcuts

The words APPLIED FACTOR appear. The result remains the same at 21.99.
7.2 Local Variables

Local variables are defined and used on a worksheet using square brackets.
Use Ctrl-Insert to insert a few blank lines at the top of the worksheet for Excavation for
foundations 6-8 m deep.
Enter the following variables.

The Calculated value will appear.
Click .
To display the calculated value of production on the worksheet type ?[P] and press Enter.
Now delete the 400m3 production on the applied factor line.
Replace it with [P].

7.3 Comments and Headings
Worksheets can be documented by leaving one blank space on the left of the worksheet
followed by the relevant comment.
Headings 1 – 9 can also be added, for example entering a 1) for a level heading 1.
Add a Heading for the Local Variables.
Add +15% to the applied factor line.
Type the following comment: 15% for overbreak.
Note: There should always be a space on the left before entering any heading and/or
comment.
Click .
Total for page one should now be 181,131.57.

7.4 Exercise 2
1. Access the Guard House job.
2. Create the Trades as before under the with an aditional trade for Brickwork and Plaster.
3. Create the Resource types as before under the .
4. Create resources as below.
5. Price Item 1/A as follow:

6. Price Item 1/B as below.
7. Price Item 1/C as below.
Result:
The Total for the Guard House job should be 2,435.52.

Chapter 8. Subcontract Adjudicator
The Metalwork items on page 2 will be subcontracted. The Subcontract Adjudicator will be
used to adjudicate and select the most competitive subcontractor.
8.1 Subcontract Adjudication Manager

The Subcontract Adjudication Manager is used to create, delete, copy, rename and backup
the subcontract packages
Click , to access the Subcontract Packages.
73 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Subcontract Adjudicator

Click to create a new package for Metalwork.
Click on . Click .
Subcontract Package codes are allocated to BOQ items to create Subcontract Package bills,
e.g. EXCAV - Excavation subcontract package E Earthworks; CONC - Concrete package C
Concrete, etc.
Trade codes can be allocated to Packages in the Package definition. If the BOQ item does not
have a Price code or Trade code, the Package Trade will be used to make the Price code to
price the item when transferring rates to the BOQ.
The Master
Standard Subcontract packages should be established in the master. These are inherited by
any job created from that master. New packages can be added into the job Package list at any
time.

8.2 Subcontract Package
Double click on the METAL package to open the Subcontract package.
Bill Columns Subcontract Columns
Subcontract Package
The rates of up to twelve subcontractors can be allocated to a range of bill items
representing a package of work. The quotes can be compared and adjudicated. The
cost (net) or selling rates of the selected subcontractor can then be exported to the
bill.
The Bill columns
The first columns on this document identify the items from the bill - Page, Item,
Description, Bill Quantity and Unit. N in the next column indicates if an item has a
note recorded against it.
The Subcontract columns
The remaining columns provide for twelve sets of quotations from subcontractors.
Each set is given a Subcontractor name, a Factor (discount, etc.), and a Currency
code (if applicable). The subcontractor's rates are entered in the Rate or Amount
column. If a subcontractor has included the cost of a certain item in other rates, a
rate of zero should be entered. If he has declined to price an item, the rate column
should be left blank. The Pricing code and Net rate, if applicable, from the bill are
shown in the last two columns.
Linking to the Bill
Items may be imported directly from the bill or typed in manually. For the description
to be displayed and to permit rates to be transferred back to the bill, it is necessary
for the items to be linked. This occurs automatically when items are imported but
must be done individually for items entered manually. The link is created by looking
up the page/item combination in the bill. Once a link is established, changes made to
the Pricing code and Item number on the bill is reflected in the package. Deleting the
item on the bill breaks the link but does not delete the item in the package. Unlinked
items are marked with a U in the Item column.
A calculated amount equal to Rate x Factor x Currency factor x Quantity is displayed
against each rate.

8.3 Importing the Bill Items in the Subcontract Package
Bill items from a section in the Bill may be imported into the Subcontract Package.
Click on Tools > Import > Import bill items by page & trade
Importing may be done using a Page range or Trade.
In Chapter 6 the trade code “M” was allocated to all the Metalwork items. Therefore, check
the option Select Trades to import by trade.
Click .
The Multiple trade selector appears.
Select Metalwork Trade and .

A message appears confirming the number of items imported. Click .
All the Metalwork items have been imported into the Metalwork package.
8.4 Entering the Subcontractor Rates

Enter the Subcontractor names in the Subcontractor name field and then enter the
Subcontractor rates as below.
Note: AR Metalfix has not priced Item 2/E, so leave the rate as blank. A zero rate would
indicate the item has been included.

8.5 Export and Import Subcontract Quote
Click Tools>Export>Export blank bill to Excel
Note: There is an option to export as unprotected which will allow the Subcontractor to
change the descriptions.
Click .
Type the Quote below into the exported excel sheet:

Save the Excel file on your desktop as Smith Metalworks.
Type Smith Metalworks in the Subcontractor name field.
Right-click in the Subcontractor Rate Column and select Import Subcontractor quote.
Right-click
The following message will appear:
Click .

The File Import dialog will appear.
Click on to Browse to the Smith Metalworks quote on your Desktop. Click .
Click .
Smith Metalworks gives a 5% discount therefore, a factor of 0.95 should be entered in the
factor field below the subcontractor’s name. The rates are not discounted; only the amounts.
Note: An i next to the rates, indicates that they were imported from an external file.

To adjudicate the subcontractors, click on .
To compare all three subcontractors, set the slider to 3 and click .
Leave the preferred make-up rate as None and confirm.
Click .
The Subcontract Adjudication will then be displayed.

The Common Total is the total for the subcontractors for those items that have all
been priced. There will be a balance if any of the subcontractors have not priced an
item.
The Maximum Make-up is calculated using the maximum rates from the other
subcontractors who have priced that item.
The Minimum Make-up is calculated using the minimum rates from the other
subcontractors who have priced that item.
Note: AR Metalfix has an un-priced item; therefore, the Common Total is not a fair
comparison.
The adjudication can now be used to make a fair comparison between AR Metalfix’s quote and
the other 2 subcontractors quote using the Maximum totals (worst case scenario) and
Minimum totals (best case scenario).
Click once your preferred subcontractor is selected.
8.6 Transferring the Subcontractor Rates to the Bill

The rates from Smith Metalworks will be used to price the Metalwork bill items on page 2.
Click on to transfer Smith Metalworks Rates to the main bill.
To transfer the rates from the subcontractor adjudicator to the bill item worksheets a simple
resource is required.

Resource code 900 will be populated; press Enter.
Candy will automatically populate the description with Metalwork. Add the Unit as sum and
change the Type to S.
Click .
Click on .
Note: The selected subcontractor will display in Yellow.

8.7 Open the Bill to view the priced Metalworks items
Open document 1.2 Pricing Bill.
Note all the items on page 2 have been priced using Smith Metalworks’ discounted rates.
The total for the job should now be 451,724.83.
Access the worksheet for Item 2/A and note that Resource Code 900 is displayed with the
relevant Subcontract rate from Smith Metalworks.

8.8 Exercise 3
2. Allocate B for Brickwork and P for Plastering to all the Masonry Items (Page 3).
3. Create a Subcontractor Package for the Masonry Items and import the Brickwork and
Plastering items.
4. Export the items to Excel. Create a quote for Subby 1 and 2 using the information in the
C201 - Candy Estimating & Valuations/Practical folder on the Candy flash and store the
quotes on your desktop.

5. Import the Subby 1 and 2 quotes to your Candy Subcontract Adjudicator.
6. Compare the quotes and transfer the best quote to your main bill (Total 47,639.62).
Result:
Total should be 47,576.02.

Chapter 9. Trade Totals Display & Resource Analysis
Now we can reap the rewards of your hard work. On screen a Trade summary and a
Resource analysis can now be viewed by the click of a button.
9.1 Trade Totals Display
To view a Trade Summary, click the icon.
Select the Bill Quantity and Net rates.
The Trade Total Display is shown.
The subcontractor Net Amount of 270,593.25 is the same total as calculated in the
Subcontract Adjudicator for Metalwork when we displayed the Subcontract Adjudicator results.
9.2 Resource Analysis

Resource analysis can be displayed on screen using one of the resource documents that
displays the Bill Quantity Usage & Bill Quantity Usage value columns.
87 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Trade Totals Display & Resource Analysis
Open Resources document 1.4 Utilisation and value – bill quantity from the Resources
Document Manager.
Click to calculate the Usage.
The Bill Usage columns are relative to the Unit of the resource, i.e. 4,588.97 hours of
Unskilled Labour at 15.75/hr or a Total allowable amount of 72,276.26 to spend on this
resource; similarly, there are 444.84 litres of Diesel allowed on the job.
Note: Changing the rates in the resource list will update all related worksheets as well as the
Net rate for each bill item.
88 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Trade Totals Display & Resource Analysis
Chapter 10. Markup
Up to now, the Net Rate for each bill item has been calculated. Markup can now be added to
our job to calculate the Gross Rate.
Gross Rate
Gross Rate = Net Rate + Applied Markup
Markup can be added in various ways:

 Markup ALL Trades
 Trade Markup
 Individual Markup
10.1 Markup All Trades

Mark up the whole job by 10% using the Markup ALL Trades facility.
Open Bill document 1.7 Markup Bill
89 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Markup

Right-click in the Markup % column header and select General markup utilities >
Markup ALL Trades.
Right-click
Enter a 10% Trade markup for all Trades and click .
Click .

10.2 Trade Markup
Markup can be applied to Trades using the Trade markup facility. Apply 5% markup to the
Metalwork Trade.
Right-click in the Markup % column header and select General markup utilities > Trade
markup.
Right-click
Adjust the Metalwork Markup to 5%.

View the 10% and 5% markup now applied in the Markup Bill.
10.3 Individual Markup
Return to the Bill and adjust the markup for Item 1/A to 20% Markup.
The Markup Type column now indicates what type of markup has been applied.

10.4 Trade Totals Display
Create a Trade Summary based on the Gross Rates.
The Gross amount is displayed with the Net split amounts for Labour, Plant, etc.
The last column represents Total Markup amount.
Note: These values can also be viewed as percentages and the data can be displayed in a bar
graph.

10.5 Exercise 4
2. Apply a Markup to all trades of 15 %.
3. Change the Trade markup for Brickwork and Plaster to 10%.
Result:
Profit should be 4,879.28.

Chapter 11. Report Manager
All reporting in Candy is done through the Report Manager. A selection of pre-defined reports
is available which can be customised to suit your specific requirements.
The Report Manager consists of two tabs:
 Job Reports - These reports are only available to the current Job and will be included
when making a Job backup.
 Global Reports - These reports are available to all the jobs on your computer and will not
be included in the Job backup.
Click on the to open the Report Manager and access the Job reports.
Click on Tools >Backup/Recover>Recover and overwrite this Estimating Report

Manager>from file
95 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Report Manager

From the C201 - Estimation and Valuations folder on the flash recover the Course Estimating
Template reports file.
Click .
Click .

The required reports will now be recovered:
BOQ Continuous Listing Net
Note: This report will print without any page breaks.

BOQ - Continuous Listing - Gross
BOQ - Listing with Worksheets - Net

Resource List
Resource analysis by Trades and Types
Value Analysis 80/20

Pricing Check (55)
Right-click on Pricing Check (55) report and select Customise report.
Right-click
Select Plug and split mode.
Click .
Preview the report.

Chapter 12. Practical Day 1
1. In your Waste Water Treatment Works job import the Concrete addendum excel file
from the C201 Estimating and Valuations folder into the Pricing Bill.
2. Change the comments to heading levels where needed.
3. Create the resources below:
4. Price the complex resource 230 Concrete Gang (1C+6L.).
101 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Practical Day 1

5. Price Item 4/A 20 MPa Concrete in foundation.
6. Price Item 4/B - 25 MPa Concrete in walls.
7. Price Item 4/C - 25 MPa Concrete in surface beds.

Result:
Items should now be priced, and the Job totals should be 801,689.83.
Note: Candy recognises the syntax %waste on a worksheet only if there are no spaces
between the +5%waste. The system will generate a wastage report.

Chapter 13. Masters
Any previous job in Candy can be used as a Master from which Bill items, Worksheets and
Resources can be copied. Typically, an Estimator will create a library job. The effective use of
masters can have a major impact on the speed of both input and pricing of an estimate.
In this Chapter, we will create a new job called New City Industrial Development and then
use Waste Water Treatment works as a Master from where we will copy information into
New City Industrial Development.
Rules of a Master
Only one master at a time can be used.
You cannot edit the Master from the Job.
Info flows from the Master to the Job.
The job’s information will always be preferred.
13.1 Master selection
Click on the to return to the Company & Job Manager.
Create a new job called New City Industrial Development.
Double click on New City Industrial Development and open the Bill by clicking on the
icon in Estimating.
105 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Masters

The New Estimate setup dialog will appear.
Click to browse for available masters.
Click to browse for Jobs in the Company & Job Manager.

Double-click on Waste Water Treatment Works.
Click .
Ensure that Master selection is ticked and click .

Note that the selected Master is now displayed in the toolbar.
13.2 Definitions Menu

If a Master is selected when creating a job, certain standard information is automatically
copied from the Master. The Trades and Resource Types were defined in the Master and
have been copied to the new job’s Definitions.
Open the Definitions & Settings container with the blue hammer in the toolbar.
Select 1.1 Trades and 1.2 Resource Types and note that all the defined codes and
descriptions were copied from the Master.

13.3 Coping bill items from a Master
Drag and drop
Create Level 1 Heading New City Industrial Development and Level 2 Heading
EXCAVATIONS.
Hold the Shift key down and click the to display the Master Pricing Bill. Note that Master
documents will always display in blue.
Arrange the two documents by using the Size to top half and Size to bottom half buttons
.
Then drag & drop Item 1/A - Clear site record selector from the Master into the Bill.
Drag & drop
A new Bill item has been generated including its Quantity and Rate.

Drag & drop many Bill items simultaneously
Ctrl-click in the record button for Item 1/B and 1/D in the Master.
Now click on the blue selected area and drag the items into the bill, as before.
Drag & drop
Item 1/B and 1/D have now both been added and display as Item 1/B and 1/C.

Copy & Paste (Ctrl+C & Ctrl+V)
Right-click on the record button of Item 1/E in the Master document and select Copy.
Right-click
Then, on a new blank line in the Bill, right-click and select Paste.
Right-click
Item 1/E has now been added and will display as Item 1/D.

Copy multiple bill items
Multiple bill items can be copied from the Master by selecting a range of items using Shift-
click.
Open the Master Bill and use Shift-click on Items 1/F to 1/H to select the range.
Right-click and select Copy.
Right-click
Open the bill, right-click and select Paste.
Right-click

All 3 items have been added and will display as Item E, F and G.
Resource list
Note: All the resources that had been copied from the Master will display.
Bill options
Click on Tools > Bill Options on your Pricing Bill.

Here you can change the settings for Data dropping, Heading totals, Pricing, Item
numbering styles and Lock All bill items.
Click .
13.4 Adding an Addendum.
On the Candy Flash in the C201 folder open the New City Industrial Development
Concrete addendum Excel file.
Copy the selected items below.
Right-click

In Candy click and double click on New Page.
Double-click
Right-click on page 2 and select Paste.
Right-click
Identify the columns as before and click .

Click . Close the Import status document.
Change the Comment to a Heading Level 2. The Concrete items will now be imported.
13.5 Using the Master to Price Imported Items

In most instances, the Bill of quantities will be received in an electronic format that can be
imported into Candy. Once imported into Candy, the bill items can be priced from a Master
using the following methods.
Type the price code manually

In the Pricing Code column next to Item 2/A type C00021 to price 20MPa Concrete in strip
footing.

Insert a w/s (worksheet)
Open the worksheet for Item 2/B and allocate Trade C for Concrete.
Click . Click on .
Select Master as the source, scroll through the Code and select C00022 – 25 MPa
Concrete in walls.

Click and change the productions to 10m3/day and the waste to 10% to
accommodate for columns instead of walls.
Click .
Note: next to is used to insert last stored worksheet.
Item 2/B will now be priced.
Right-click menu in the pricing code column

Right-click in the Pricing Code column for Item 2/C an select Allocate Price codes.
Right-click

From the Master Price Codes select the code for 25 MPa Concrete in walls and click .
Item 2/C will now be priced.
Double-click in the pricing code column

The same list of Master Price Codes can be accessed when you double click in the Pricing Code
column.
Double click in the Pricing Code column for Item 2/D.
Double-click

Select price code C00023 – 25MPA Concrete in surface beds.
Click .
All the Concrete items should now be priced.
Note: Total for New City should be 391,546.02
Shortcuts
Shift - Opens the Master Price Code List
Shift - Opens the Master Bill
Shift - Opens the Master Resource List
The drop-down arrow on the toolbar will list all recent masters:
A Master can be changed by using the Change master button. .

13.6 Exercise 5
1. Access your Guard House job.
2. Using the select Ventshaft & Substation Contract – TENDER as your master.
3. Copy the Trades, Resource Types and Global Variables from the Definitions menu .
4. Price Item 2/A – 2/E using your master.
Result: The total for the Guard House job should now be 66,378.25.
Note: Access the Waste Water Treatment Works job.

Chapter 14. Post Tender Control
It has been established that Net Rate + Applied Markup = Gross Rate.
There is a third rate available in Candy called Selling Rate. This is an independent rate and
any changes made to the Net Rate or Applied Markup Rate will not affect the Selling Rate.
14.1 Selling Rate
Click on and select document 1.8 Selling bill of quantities.
123 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Post Tender Control

Note: The Selling Rate column is on the right side of the document. Having priced a job and
applied markup, selling rates can be established by copying the gross rate.
Right-click in the Selling Rate column and select Copy selling rate from gross.
Right-click
Select the option to Lock selling rates after copy.
Click .
Click .
The selling rates will now be transferred.
124 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Post Tender Control

Chapter 15. Value Engineering or Remodelling
The site team can now re-visit each of the worksheets and adjust the productions to what they
believe will be achieved on site. Alternatively, they may not even use the resources the
estimator originally envisaged using and should therefore adjust the worksheets to reflect how
they intend completing the job. They may obtain cheaper resource and subcontract rates. Let
us assume the site team will purchase diesel for 13.50/ litre instead of 16.00/ litre.
15.1 Tender Value
Click , access Resourses and open 1.4 Utilisation and value - bill quantity.
Click and view curent utilisation. Note: Diesel amount of 7,117.50.
125 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Value Engineering or Remodelling

Click on to do a Trade total display.
Note: Earthworks amount of 181,131.57.
15.2 Remodelling
Click on . Access Resourses and open 1.4 Utilisation and value - bill quantity.

Change the Diesel rate to 13.50.
Click .
Note: The Diesel allowable decreases from 7117.50 to 6005.39 representing a buying
saving of 1 112.11.
Click on to do a Trade total display.
Note: The Earthworks allowable decreases from 181,131.57 to 180,019.46 representing a

buying saving of 1 112.11.

15.3 Bill of Quantities
Click on . Access Estimating Bills and select document 1.8 Selling bill of quantities.
Note: The Net and Gross Rates for Items G and H have been reduced as these items use
the cheaper diesel in their worksheets. The Selling Rates remained fixed and the calculated
markup has increased in relation to the Selling Rate.

15.4 Exercise 6
1. Access your Guard House job.
2. Refer to Chapter 14 to Transfer and Lock your Selling rates.
3. Refer to Chapter 15 and change the following Resource rates.

4. View the effect on the Utilisation.
Original
New
Result:
Selling vs Gross

Chapter 16. Cost and Group codes
The Quantity Surveyor will require the total amount of money spent against each accounting
cost code to reconcile against the budget to-date generated in Candy. The Candy Cost Code
must therefore be the same as the Accounting/ledger code.
Similarly, the estimator would require the total amount of money to be spent with a particular
supplier to negotiate the best possible bulk discount. The resources can be allocated to specific
suppliers using the Candy Group Code to summarise the value to be spent against each
supplier.
16.1 Defining the Cost and Group codes
Click on the to access the definitions and enter the following Cost and Group codes.
Select 4.1 Cost codes (Ledger code) and define the Cost codes below:
131 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Cost and Group codes

Select 4.2 Group codes and define the Group codes below:
Click .
16.2 Resource list

The Resource Group and Cost code columns should be displayed to allocate the codes to
the resources.
Click on , access Resources and select 1.7 Resource Group and Cost code
allocation.

Resource Group and Cost code allocation:
16.3 Allocating the Cost and Group Codes to Resources

Allocate the Cost and Group codes to the various resources. Cost and Group codes should only
be applied to Simple resources (resources defined with a letter in the Resource Type column
i.e. M for Material, P for Plant).
Applying a Cost code to a Complex resource such as 310, Cat 215 Excavator (Wet) would be
incorrect as the cost would be captured against Cost codes 360 and 401 representing the Cost
codes for Plant and Fuel respectively.
Filter simple resources

To make it easier to allocate Cost and Group codes to Simple resources, use the Filter
facility.
Click View>Filter>Resources that are simples

Allocate codes using the Right-click menu
Use Ctrl + click to highlight both Resource codes 200 and 210.
Right-click in the Cost code column and select Allocate Cost codes.
Right-click
Select 250 Labour and click .
Allocate the remaining Cost codes.

Allocate codes using Double-click
Double-click in the Group code column for Resource code 510 - 20/19 MPA RMC.
Double-click
Select ABC Concrete Suppliers and click .
Do the same for Resource code 520 - 25/19 MPA RMC
Abandon the Filter.
Click .

16.4 Resource Analysis Reports
Click .
Resource List Cost Code Summary

Resource List Group Code Summary
Analysis by Group/Cost (15)

Tracer report (62)
The Tracer report will list all the bill items that contribute to a particular code.
Preview the Tracer report and select Cost codes in the Tracer Selector and confirm .
Select Bill Quantity and confirm .
Type in the Cost code 401 and click .

Chapter 17. Control Labour and Plant using Task Codes
The Cost code provides resource-based control for managing fixed resources such as Materials.
The Cost code will provide limited control to productive resources such as Plant and Labour.
The engineering site staff will require the Labour and Plant allowable in more detail, typically
the allowable per task on site.
Candy provides a simple method of summarising the Bill items into Tasks. The allowable for
each bill item is broken down into the various Resource Types, so we immediately have the
Labour and Plant allowable for each Task; the exact information required to control the
productive resources.
The Task code is used to implement functional control on the Job and summarises bill items
into categories of Function or Activity. The key is to summarise items with similar production,
e.g. bulk earthworks items would be summarised separately to hand excavation. We would use
machines for bulk earthworks and labour for hand excavation. By summarising items with
similar production, we are summarising items with similar resources and therefore similar cost
sensitivity. If our machine is not being used effectively, it is costing a lot more than if our
labour is not being productive. We would have different controls on our plant versus our
labour.
17.1 Defining the Task Codes

The Task codes must be defined before allocating them to the Bill items.
Access the Definitions and define the following Task codes under 2.1 Task codes
(Activity code).
Task codes may be summarised into Task code headings. The level column represents the
heading level from Level 1 to Level 9. Therefore, the Earthworks tasks (Clear site, Hand
Excavation and Bulk Excavation) may be summarised into the Level 1 heading Earthworks.
The Task code accumulates the amount of money and quantity; therefore, each Task code
must have a unit.
Note: The m2 quantity of Clear site must be factorised by 0.10 to convert the task m2 to the
heading m3 quantity.
139 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Control Labour and Plant using Task codes
17.2 Task Code Allocation
Click and access Estimating Bills. Right-click on 1.10 Bill with Codes and Factors and
select Duplicate Documet.
Right-click on the copy and rename it to 1.10a Bill with Task Codes and Factors.
Click .
Adjust the columns as below.
Click .
Open document 1.10a Bill with Task Codes and Factors and allocate the following task
codes to the bill items.
Page 1
Page 2
Page 3
The Task code accumulates the amount of Money and Quantity, the Task Factor column is
used to determine the quantity that will be added together for each Task code. If the unit of
the Bill item is the same as the Task code, then a factor of one is used. There may be
instances where the unit of measure of the bill item may be different to the unit of measure of
the Task code.
For example, we may have a Bill item measured in linear metres of formwork, yet the bill item
has a Task code with a unit of measurement of m2, so we apply a Task factor to factorise the
Lm to m2.
By using a Task factor of 0 the money will be included but not the quantity, for example we
may wish to add the cost of Wood Float Finish to Task code Concrete in Ground Slabs, but we
only require the quantity of the Concrete in Ground Slabs and not the quantity of the Wood
Float Finish.
17.3 Task Code Analysis

Price Plug rate to at least a Split rate
In order to calculate the Task code summary no Plug rate items may exist in the job. Item 1/A
Clear site was priced as a Plug rate, so we must convert the Plug rate to at least a Split rate.
Open document 1.6 Split Rate Pricing. Enter 6 in the Labour resource type column and 10
in the Plant resource type column for Item 1/A to convert the pricing of this item from a Plug
rate to a Split rate.
Click .
On-screen Task code analysis
To do an On-screen Task analysis, click Finalisation > Job analysis II
The Job Analysis Document Manager will open.
Select document 1.1 Split amounts summary.
Note: The Total Quantity, Amount and Average rate is calculated for each Task code. When
finalising a tender and the Average rate is much lower or higher compared to previous tenders,
the relevant items can be investigated for possible errors in the pricing worksheets.
The Total allowable for Labour is calculated for each Task code, i.e. the Labour allowable for
placing concrete in Foundations is 8,424. Once progress quantities have been entered for each
bill item, the total Labour allowable amount for each Task code is calculated and should be
reconciled back to the total Labour cost for each Task code.
Now let’s look at the Split rates against these Task codes.
To view the split rate summary right-click on Labour and select Show split rates.
Right-click
Split amounts summary
Note: The Labour rate (to place 1m3 of concrete in Foundations) is 42.12 per m3; if the
Concrete team on site has poured 10m3 then you should not have spent more than
10 x 42.12 = 421.20 on the Labour team.
The site clerk will allocate the Labour team’s cost to the relevant Task codes which should be
reconciled to the Labour allowable based on the work that has been completed on site.
A similar approach should be followed to control Plant.
Totals for Task code headings may be displayed by placing the cursor on the heading and
pressing Ctrl-Up and Down Arrow.
17.4 Task Code Reports
Click .
Project Codes Report
Page 1 & 2 List the bill items in Task code order
Page 3 Shows the Task code summary
Project Codes Quantity Summary
Resource analysis by Project codes
Chapter 18. Valuations
The Candy Valuations is used for the post tender stage of a project. The Bill of Quantities
created in Candy Estimating is available in the Candy Valuations application tab. The difference
between Estimating and Valuations is the extra Valuation quantity columns, Valuation layouts
and the Valuation reports.
18.1 Valuation Setup

The initial Valuation and every Valuation thereafter should be based on the Valuation Setup
process listed below:
 Step 1: Duplicate & Rename the Job
 Step 2: Valuation Setup
Step 1: Duplicate and Rename the job.

It is good practice to copy the job before entering the new monthly valuation quantities.
Eventually the Q.S will have an electronic copy for each Valuation in Candy, and if required,
can refer to previous valuations.
Click on , right-click on Waste Water Treatment Works and select Duplicate job.
Right-click
Right-click on the duplicated job and rename it to Waste Water Treatment Works –
Valuation No.1.
149 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Valuations

Step 2: Valuation Setup
Access Waste Water Treatment Works – Valuation No.1.
Select Valuations and click on the Main menu option. The Initial Valuation setup window
will appear.
Change the Current quantity date and the Valuation Title as below.
Click .
Valuation Document
Access . Right-click on document 2.2 Primary Valuation Entry and select Duplicate
Document.
Right-click

Rename 2.2 Primary Valuation Entry (Copy) to 2.2a Standard Primary Valuation Entry.
Click and change the columns as indicated below using either Double-click or
to add and to remove.
Note: Drag and drop can also be used.
Click .

Select 2.2a Standard Primary Valuation Entry
18.2 Primary Valuations Quantities

This document contains the three primary progress quantities available in the system:
 Current Actual Quantity - This quantity is used to record how much work had
actually been done against the Bill items. Think of it as an Internal quantity.
 Current Claimed Quantity - This quantity is used to record how much you are
claiming in an application for payment. Think of it as an External quantity.
 Current Paid Quantity- This quantity is used to record how much the client has
paid you.
18.3 Copy the Final Quantity from the Bill Quantity

The Bill quantity will normally be used for the first Final Value projection and as a starting
point can be copied to the Final quantity column. This should be done before entering any
valuation quantities.
Right-click on the Final Quantity column header and select Copy from selected quantity.
Right-click

Select the Bill Quantity as the source quantity.
Click .
Click
Click .

18.4 Adjust the Final Quantities
The Final quantity can be adjusted to suit the new final without affecting the Billed quantity.
Increase the final quantity for Item A to E on Page 1.
18.5 Enter the Valuation Quantities
Page 1:
Entering the Actual Quantity automatically updates the Claimed and Paid Quantity columns.
The Claimed Quantity can be updated to reflect over claims.
Note: Candy uses your Actual for Claimed and Paid by default represented by the yellow
highlighted quantity values. The percentages are updated as the quantities are entered.

Page 2:
Progress all Metalwork items on page 2 as 20% complete using the Actual % Final column.
Note: The Quantities populate using the % progressed.
Page 2:
Adjust the claimed quantities by typing in the quantities in the Claimed Quantity column.
Note: Paid Quantity now reflects Claimed Quantity, as highlighted in yellow.

Page 3:
Progress the concrete items.
18.6 Valuation Report Manager
Click on to access the Valuations Job Manager.

Click on Tools Backup/Recover>Recover and overwrite this Valuation Report
Manager>from file.
From the C201 - Estimation and Valuations folder on the flash recover the Course
Valuation Template Reports.
Click .
Click .

The required reports will now be recovered.
Continuous Valuation Bill – Selling
Trade Totals – Net

Trade Totals – Selling
Value Analysis (68) - 80/20 on bill items
Resource Percentage (74) - Identify Key resources
Resource List

18.7 Valuation Trade Total Display
Trade summary can be based on any Valuation Quantity and Rate.
Click on the tool button . Select Actual Quantity and select Net rate.

Chapter 19. Next Valuation Setup
In Valuations we can track Previous, Months and To-Date Quantities. Next Valuation Setup
will copy all the to-date quantities into the previous quantities. Therefore, Next Valuation
Setup is required before entering any new valuation quantities.
19.1 Next Valuation Setup
Step 1 - Backup or Copy the job

It is good practice to backup each valuation job before entering the next monthly valuation
quantities. Eventually the Q.S will have an electronic copy for each Valuation in Candy and if
required can refer to previous valuations. We are going to copy and rename the job.
Click on .
Right-click on Waste Water Treatment Works Valuation No.1 and select Duplicate job.
Right-click
Right-click on the duplicated job and rename it to Waste Water Treatment Works –
Valuation No.2.
161 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Next Valuation Setup

Step 2 – Setup next valuation
Select Main > Valuation setup manager
Click the .
Click .
Enter the Current quantity date and change the Valuation Title.
Click .

Valuation No. 2 has now been set up:
The Bill is now ready for Valuation 2.

Chapter 20. Practical Day 2
1. Duplicate your Guard House job and rename it to Guard House Valuation No. 1
2. Copy your Bill quantities to Final quantities.
3. Progress Page 1 as indicated below:

6. Use the Valuations Report Manager to print your Resource list.
a) What is the Actual Quantity usage for Unskilled Labour? _________________
7. Print the Continuous Valuation Bill – Selling.
a) What is the total for Claim 1? ________________

Annexure A. Forecasting the BOQ using Candy Planning
Bill items in the Bill of Quantities can be linked to the activities in a program. Once the link is
established, a time-based forecast of cost, value, resources or quantities from the Candy
Estimating application can be analysed using the facilities in the Candy Planning application.
The Bill of Quantities can be linked to the program using the following methods:
 Creating a program from the estimate. This is not the best but quick and fairly accurate
forecast as a Bill of Quantities is not an indication of work should be done (automatic
linking).
 Creating an independent Bill of Quantities and program and then linking the two. This is
the most time-consuming method but most accurate (manual linking required).
 Pricing your program where you create price codes for activities (automatic linking).
The simplest approach to link the bill to the program is to use the Bill of Quantities when
creating the program. The Bill section headings are imported as activities into the Candy
Planning application and the Bill items in the section are linked to these activities.
A well-structured Bill of Quantities provides a good platform to create the program. After the
creation stage, it is a normal program and it can be adjusted as required.
167 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Annexure A

Candy Planning Program Manager
Many programs can exist in one Candy job. The Program Manager is used to easily structure
and manage your programs. The Program Manager makes it easy to create new programs and
is the entry point for existing programs. Programs can also be copied, customised, backed up
or recovered.
Click on and go back to the Job Manager.
Open Waste Water Treatment Works and change the application tab to Planning.
Click on Main in the Application Menu.
Create New Program
Click and enter the following information. Click .

Select the Tender program and click .

Create Program Activities using the Bill of Quantities
Click on and open 1.1 Standard Barchart.
This layout shows the Activity number, Activity description, Duration and the Barchart.
Click Estimate> Import estimate bill

We will create activities using section headings as in the Bill of Quantities. A typical bill has too
much detail for each bill item to be an activity so rather import the headings above bill items.
Click .
A program is created with the headings and default duration of 5 days.
To re-arrange the activities and create the logic, click on Activity A020 CONCRETE, move it
above Activity A010 H.D BOLTS AND MISCELLANEOUS METALWORK by holding down
Ctrl + Left-arrow once.

Draw your Program
Change the durations as below.
Now move the bars to achieve the following:
 Activity A020 CONCRETE must have a start lead of 32 days on Activity A000
Excavation
 Activity A010 H.D BOLTS AND MISCELLANEOUS METALWORK must have a start
lead of 12 days on Activity A020 CONCRETE

Adjust the % Offsets
Change the application tab to Link & Forecast
Click on to open the Forecasting Document Manager. Open document 3.2 Activities with
BOQ Allocations. Each activity is displayed with the Bill of Quantities item that has been
allocated to the activity. The yellow bar within the red bar demonstrates the spread of the Bill
items (financial and usage information) over the activity.
Offset the spread of the Bill items on Page 1 over activity A000 Excavation by changing the
end and start offset as below.

BOQ with Budget Forecast
Click on to open the Forecasting Document Manager and select document 4.1 BOQ
with Budget Forecast. The Forecast Net Amounts are displayed across the program time
Page 1
Page 2
Page 3

Resource Usage Forecast
The Resource Usage Forecast document is available as a template document.
Click on to open the Forecasting Document Manager and select document 4.3 BOQ
Resource Usage Forecast.
Page 1
Page 2
Page 3
The resource forecast per bill item is shown is this document. Item 1/A and 1/B have been
priced using split rates and therefore do not have any resource usage forecast information.

Cost Code Budget
A Budget forecast can be analysed against Cost codes. The Cost Code Budget document is
available as a template document.
Click on to open the Forecasting Document Manager and select document 5.2 Cost Code
Budget.
Click to view the totals and click .
Forecast on Cost codes can now be viewed.

Resource Histogram
Click on to open the Forecasting Document Manager and select document 2.1 Standard
Barchart.
Click on Histogram > Estimate resources.
Open the Labour heading. Select 200 Unskilled Labour (All in) using the .
Click .
The Unskilled Labour histogram is displayed.

Move Activity A020 CONCRETE to have an end to start relationship with Activity A000
Excavation and calculate the program. Then redo the Unskilled Labour histogram.
Note: The result is a level resourse usage. The histogram type can be changed to show daily
or cumulative values.
Select Histogram > Histogram options from the document menu.
Select Plot cumulative values and confirm. Click .

The Cumulative histogram is displayed.
Place your cursor at the end of the curve and the total usage of 5,848.97 Hours for the
Unskilled Labour is shown on the bottom left of the document.
In Valuations, customise document 1.4 Utilisation and value - bill quantity under
Resources to show final quantities and compare with the histogram above.
Unskilled Labour usage 5,848.97 hours.

Annexure B. Pricing the remaining Guard House Items
1. Create an additional Resource type for Profit and Attendance.
2. Create an additional Trade for Tiling.
181 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Annexure B

3. Create the following Resources:
4. Price Item 4/A.
5. Price Item 5/A.

6. Type 5% in Profit and attendance using 0.05 as Quantity for All PC Sum Items.
7. Price Item 6/A.

8. Price Item 6/B.
9. Price Item 6/C.

10. Price the remaining PC sums.
Note: The Total Net Amount for Guard House should now be 259,570.83.

Annexure C. Project Control using Candy & BuildSmart
The flow diagram below demonstrates how you can manage and control projects using the
Complete Solution which includes the Candy and BuildSmart software.
187 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Annexure C

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Manual Version: 2019.07 (July 2019)

Information is correct as per the functionality present in

1 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Table of contents

2 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Table of contents

3 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Table of contents

1.1 Updating Candy

Do the following steps:

Click Support >Update Candy.

Select Download and install the latest version and click .

5 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Introduction

Click to install version 2.01xxx.

6 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Introduction

2.1 Data Path Manager

Do the following steps:

2.2 Company Manager

7 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy Filing Structure

Do the following steps:

Right-click in an empty line and select Add a new company.

Change the Company Name to CCS Training Company and click .

8 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy Filing Structure

2.5 Create a New Job

Do the following steps:

Right-click in an empty line.

Select New job.

9 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy Filing Structure

To open the job, double-click on the specific job or click .

2.6 Recover a CCS Demo Job

Do the following steps:

Right-click in an empty line.

10 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy Filing Structure

11 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy Filing Structure

To access the Ventshaft_&_Substation_Contract_-_TENDER click or double-click

2.7 System Registration

12 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy Filing Structure

Application Toolbar Application Menu Master Valuation Title General Toolbar

3.1 Candy Navigation

system settings , close all documents and find a menu tool

Document Manager , Valuation bill , Resource List , Setup

next Valuation etc. This tool bar changes when a different

13 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy User Interface

Do the following steps:

14 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy User Interface

Document Title Document Menu Document Toolbar Split Screen Buttons

Page Navigation Function Buttons

Document Title The name of the document.

Escape Go back to the previous menu.

Document Menu The menus available for this document.

15 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy User Interface

16 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy User Interface

3.4 Customising the System

17 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy User Interface

18 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy User Interface

Folders and paths

the path by using the button.

19 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy User Interface

Do the following steps:

20 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy User Interface

Mouse action Function

Esc(ape) Returns to the previous menu.

Ctrl+Tab Moves the document currently on top to behind all other

21 | Construction Estimating and Valuations - Candy User Interface