RESEARCH WORK:

How do social networks and media influence what teenagers see and think?

Santiago Sarmiento Sastoque

LILIANA CARVAJAL CALDERON
Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles
RESEARCH
2019
 CHAPTER I

1. INVESTIGATION PROBLEM

1.1. Problem-thinking.
The advances of technological knowledge in recent decades have changed the world of thinking of
human beings and even more so for adolescents in an accelerated way, among the most important
means of computer algorithms are social networks that have been turned the most real and pleasant
means of communication into record time as a dynamic exchange between people, groups and
institutions in situations of complexity. These networks aim to retain the audience on platforms such as
YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, Twitter and WhatsApp among others, creating dependency.

According to the Dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy. The Internet has a profound impact on
work, leisure and knowledge globally. Thanks to the web, millions of people have easy and immediate
access to a wide and diverse amount of online information. According to the author Castells (2001), he
states that the "Internet has reached a large part of households and businesses in rich countries, in this
respect a digital divide has been opened with poor countries, in which internet penetration and new
technologies are more limited for individuals."

The algorithm that has had the greatest influence on teenagers in WhatsApp in a very significant
way, since with this network they can communicate from anywhere in the world without having to be
close to friends and family with a communication through the chat without the physical presence, both
the sender and the receiver, in a virtual way, through chats, video conferences, text messages among
others. Another point case, of these algorithms is allows the individual to talk about current issues
(Avengers, wars and everything that becomes a controversy). This causes many people to be forced to
talk about content so they can bring the audience somewhere.
Social networks have facilitated the process of knowledge, both academic and social, which has
allowed to exchange beliefs and cultures, giving great power to man over the world and over himself for
beneficial purposes and also as a risk of causing macro-damage irreversible to the world and to the
human being itself. All this produces cultural uncertainty due to the rarer of customs, which are at the
mercy of technological developments in the Knowledge Society, with their respective risks. However,
scientific and technological developments penetrate the moral and cultural values of society to the
marife and destabilize its security (Cely, 2004).

However, Ron, Alvarez & Núñez (2013), propose that the use of the internet, especially social
networks are the spaces of interaction most crowded by users but that in the case of adolescents and
young students the implications about time they spend navigating the web, it is limiting academic work
with repercussions also from the physical point of view.

According to the Statista Research Department report (2019), the 21st century has brought with it
not only a revolution in social canons, but also new ways of interacting largely linked to the
development of the Internet and communication technologies. New ways to establish social
relationships, find a partner or resume contact with old friends little or nothing have to do with those of
yesteryear. A new user profile, eager for global relationships, roams a territory hitherto superficially
explored: social media. It is estimated that by 2020 around 3 billion active users coming from much of
the Americas and Asian countries. The great expansion of them in these geographical areas is reflected
not only in penetration, but also in the hours dedicated to their use.

According to the Ministry of Information and Communications Technologies (Law 1341), Colombia is
one of the countries with the most users on social networks in the region in recent years has recorded
an exponential growth in terms of the number of users are registered on social media. Networks such as
Facebook and Twitter are the most popular among Colombians, to the point that on Facebook,
Colombia ranks 14th worldwide with more than 15 million users, while Bogota is the ninth city in the
world with a figure close to 6.5 million. In the case of Twitter, although the microblog network does not
disclose official data, the industry estimates that nearly 6 million Colombians use the popular service,
which has become the favorite channel by media, political campaigns, athletes, government characters,
among others. This figure puts Colombia above the number of users over countries such as France and
Germany.
Likewise, the Census Bureau, Colombia has a population of 49.6 million people, where the number
of mobile subscribers over passes to the population by 16%, achieving the value of 57.5 million, is an
incredible amount and is one of the few countries where the number of s mobile enrollers is above the
population. Colombia currently has about 34 million users on the Internet, where that same amount is
also an active user on social media and only 31 million of those users enter from mobile devices.

Algorithm, software, etc. can become a political and social body with the capacity to interfere in
reality. For example, millions of users on You tube choose which video to watch using an algorithm that
seeks to learn. At the same time, the goal of it is not to help the user find something useful and positive
for their lives, but to stay longer and longer on the platform (i.e., it seeks to retain audience). Virtual
social networks have become predominant technologies in our global society to the extent that they are
marking approaches, procedures, relationships, habits or styles of consumption.

Despite blaming the platform for this obligation to upload certain specific content, actually the one
that has controlled the algorithm have been the same users. Each time the algorithm fails to retain
audience, it logs and evaluates its error to correct its error. Therefore, if there are videos with fraudulent
content, lies, etc., you will be able to observe a facet of the same society, of the users. Hate and
pleasure makes teens stay on social media. Social media chooses what you're seeing so you can
continue to see advertising while still acquiring information about you.

What generates interaction and interest the most is the most seen (which is basically inflammatory,
controversial and noisy news). Since 2014 it has been shown that facebook has the ability to alter the
emotional states of its users, as this hatred causes people to have a negative attitude first and foremost
that they observe in order to get collective approval (through likes , monetization, hearts, etc.).
Facebook knows when its teen users are depressed, which they see as useful information. It can even
change the ideologies of individuals by imposing specific opinions (such as irritating posts of opposing
opinions) on feeds that provoke fights.

Therefore, teenagers in grades 9 and 10 of the Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles, are no stranger to
this situation that has been presented on social networks, it is evidenced through the observation and
informal interviews that have been conducted some companions manifest themselves in a cage where it
is not known how these algorithms change friendships, emotional states, or ideologies. For its part, it is
necessary to remember that all this is pleasant, and therefore makes it work).) Leaders, reporters,
journalists, scientists and all kinds of people live in a world where more and more users are only locked
in their tastes and opinions. At the same time, all individuals specifically young people in this world
where every day there are more infants are being educated by these algorithms, because this one is the
one who chooses friends, tastes, etc., through the content they observe.

1.2. Formulation of the problem.

Once the problem has been described and explained, it is appropriate to ask the following
questions, which will give the path to follow the objectives to be set in the research under study.
• How do social media and media influence what teens see and think?
1.3. Research Objectives.
1.3.1. General Objective.
• Discuss the influence of social media on the lives of teens in grades 9 and 10 of the Gimnasio
Campestre Los Laureles
1.3.2. Specific Objectives.
• Identify the types of social networks that influence what teens in grades 9 and 10 of the Gimnasio
Campestre Los Laureles see and think,
• Describe the risks of social media on display by teens in grades 9 and 10 of the Gimnasio
Campestre Los Laureles
• Establish the influence of social media on young people in the face of truthfulness in what
teenagers in grades 9 and 10 of the Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles see and think.

1.4. Justification.
This research will focus on analyzing the impact of current management of social networks by
adolescents, due to the increase of young people in the mass use of them. At the same time, this work
will allow to expose in depth how the media change the perspectives in the choice of topics of interest
in the adolescent, in addition to of course, manipulating what they see them. Therefore, this research is
justified from the theoretical, because it reinforces the study on social networks, serving as a reference
to support theoretical elements and guidelines to mitigate the risks that these lead to adolescents about
all in grades 9 and 10 of the Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles.

From the practice, this study will contribute to the Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles, so that it
enriches other researchers when they refer to the aforementioned study variable. From the
methodological degree, this study will support other research on the different mechanisms used for the
analysis of research problems. It will also serve as a consultation on the background and theoretical
basis for future research projects in this context, which will enable the objectives set with respect to the
study to be achieved. From the social, it will contribute to many teenagers of the Gimnasio Campestre
los Laureles and the community at large serving as a challenge and challenge to the study posed in the
research, allowing other teens to join forces to improve and take relevant actions on the reality of social
media.

1.5. Importance and scope of the investigation.

This problem needs to be analyzed from the influence of social media in the 9th and 10th grades of
the Colegio Gimnasio campestre los Laureles. Because, the vast distribution of social networks like
whatSapp, Twitter, Facebook among others are examples of the media that are available to teenagers
and to which they visit daily. It is there that many of these young people become addicted to this type of
networks, do not fulfill their obligations, becoming uncomfortable with their families and schoolers.
Therefore, teenagers of these aforementioned grades are increasingly interested in social networks,
forgetting that they have duties to fulfill in the social environment that they perform. Considering that
there are some applications that are of great importance as long as you have the relevant guidance from
both parents and teachers, so it is important to carry out this study on social networks to see that both
influence what teenagers in grades 8, 9 and 10 of the Colegio Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles see and
think.

1.6. Limitation of Investigation.

Considering that social media for teens tends to address entertainment and relationships with
friends, one of the limitations that could be considered is that they neglect the academic side to the
detriment of other educational options which is risky not to have adequate knowledge about the pros
and counters of using the internet or social media.

CHAPTER II

2. THEORETICAL MARK.

This chapter presents theories, researches and backgrounds that can be considered reliable where
the object of study is conceptualized. It is important to note the theoretical basis and determine the
analysis, the vision of the problem that it assumes in the research from the coordinated and coherent
analysis and explanation of concepts that allow to address the problem taking into account the research
Previous. Therefore, the theoretical framework is the product of the documentary review, bibliographic
and consists of a collection of ideas, positions of authors, concepts and definitions that serve as the
basis for the research to be carried out (Arias, 2016).

2.1. BACKGROUND OF THE INVESTIGATION.

For Supo (2015) "Research backgrounds are studies developed within our line of research, located at
or below the same research level." (p.29). It makes a comparison with the Cartesian plane and states
that the vertical line called the research line intersects the horizontal line called the research level and is
at this point where the study is developed. Therefore, every study must be conducted from the point of
our line of research, this is where the first gaps of your knowledge are presented, this we can detect
when we conduct the exhaustive search of investigative background in order to contribute to the line of
research.

This research will take into account the studies carried out by the author Gómez (2014), with his
study using virtual social networks in young university students which is part of a broader project
entitled "Youth and digital culture. New scenarios of social interaction" which began in 2013, lasts for 3
years and was approved in 2012 by the Basic Science program of the National Council of Science and
Technology (CONACYT). It was also interinstitutional in that it involved academics from the following
universities: National Autonomous University of Mexico (project headquarters), National Pedagogical
University, Metropolitan Autonomous University and Universidad Veracruz.

Likewise, the importance and interest of analyzing the use of virtual social networks (RSV) among
young university students arises from the observation and speculation that has been made around this
topic. It has been assumed that all young people use them, who use them for leisure time and that many
include them for their academic activities, but for sure we do not know. This is why it has been decided
to conduct this study and, in some way, contribute to provide knowledge with solid foundations about
young university students and how they use these platforms.

This particular project analyzed the use of young university students on virtual social networks, both
socially and academically. To do this, a questionnaire was applied to various students of the University
of Veracruz (UV), taking into account a bachelor's degree for each academic area of UV knowledge
(Humanities, Agricultural Biological Sciences, Arts, Health Sciences, Economic University Higher
Technician) in order to cover the student diversity of the University, whose type of research is through a
quantitative approach of exploratory-descriptive type. This research will be non-experimental since the
phenomenon that we want to study was in a natural way, that is, without having any intervention with
the study subjects (only one questionnaire was addressed).

Within this questionnaire were three categories that were initially achieved to be analyzed:
expression, interaction and social activism. In addition to this and in order to fulfill the objectives that
have been set out in this research work has been added one more category that is related to the
academic use that university students make of virtual social networks. The research assumptions that
were intended to be corroborated in the macro project were: • Young people have appropriated
digitization by deploying it in their daily cultural practices from which they become protagonists of a
change that seemingly disjointed and spontaneously puts pressure on the social system.

With this, the attempt was made to investigate what new practices are being generated and how
this participation is being given within the public sphere, as well as to know what their limits and scopes
are. Young people are developing various types of activism supported by digital resources, which is a
reality that represents a challenge for society because adults must broaden their understanding on this
issue. Today's youth as a generation are moving from a stage of apathy to one of activism supported by
digital resources.

This assertion may be risky to make, but rebutting or contrasting it is important for macro-project
purposes as a majority of the studies that have been reviewed describe youth as "apathetic" and this
apathy moves to digital environments, this is why we want to identify that these new practices that are
developing within the networks also generate an attitude that is developing in them cognitive skills that
are different from the generation that precedes them and this can be a potential for new forms of
literacy, new dynamics of interaction and uses in the educational field.
In this macro project, youth is understood as a broader concept than is used in statistical
institutions, including the age range that has been considered corresponds to a concept that has been
referred to as an "elongated youth" ranging from 16 to 30 years because youth are not considered to
correspond to an age range, but rather the practices that characterize this group of people given
socioeconomic conditions and social dynamics in general.
 This research was of a great significant contribution since it has similarity with the study variable in
terms of the theoretical framework, breaking down in detail some very significant theoretical aspects to
be able to address and discover the relationship of the problem with the existing one. In the same way,
the methodological framework guides and specifies specific aspects such as the facts and relationships
established in the investigation of the procedure, they performed which made it more accurately specify
what they are Chasing after.

Another very significant contribution is the study of the author Mejía (2015), with research analysis
of the influence of social networks in the formation of young people from the schools of the canton of
Yaguachi to obtain the title of Bachelor of Social Communication, whose main objective was to apply
training talks to students of the different schools of Canton Yaguachi so that both teenagers and
teachers have a clear knowledge of what is the correct use of social networks inside and outside classes.
The influence of social media on students is a social problem that has grown rapidly both in our country
and around the world.

The influence of social media on students is a social problem in our country that is increasing every
day. In the Yaguachi Canton there is a high rate of students who have a low school performance, no
attendance at classes, due to the dominance that social networks are having in their studies, so it is
necessary to analyze what were the factors that triggered this problem. In order to publicize What are
social networks? How do social media influence the study? Surveys and tests were applied to students
of the Rosaura Maridueña schools and July 21 of the Canton Yaguachi, in turn the presentation of
results, analysis and interpretation of data obtained performs the presentation of results, analysis and
interpretation of the data obtained by generating from this the conclusions and recommendations of
which give sustainability to this work.

This work was developed with the aim of establishing the influence that social networks have on the
training of young people through analysis, to demonstrate the extent to which these cyberspaces affect
the students of the two schools of the Canton Yaguachi. Likewise, propose training talks, and the
development of an educational program within the schools of Canton Yaguachi so that adolescents have
a clear knowledge about the correct use of social networks within schools In the present topic of
different techniques will be applied, including field research, observation, the model of a survey which
are important factors in reaching reliable results on the subject to be developed.

In this way, a comprehensive study on the problems that in this case is determined by social
networks and their influence on the education of secondary education youth was obtained as a survey
of them and thus give to know in a more feasible way its possible consequences, the results of which
were indicated According to the surveys conducted, the interview and the test. The influence of social
media on students is due to the public's use of social media as an easily accessed medium and the little
or almost zero information filter makes them easy prey for negative situations such as poor academic
performance if there is a g guidance or guidance from both parents and teachers.

This research was of great value, since it proposes a very clear methodology which allows you to
have a clearer view of the process of type of study, design and level of depth as the study is addressed,
describes the population and the sample , the data collection tools as well as the tabulation and analysis
plan of the information collected, which can give a clearer view to the research under study.

Finally, there is the background of the article written by the authors Flores et.al (2017), with the title
the influence of social media on university students, bearing in mind that its primary objective was the
objective of this article is to determine the level of influence of social networks on students of the
Technical University of Cotopaxi, analyzing whether they absorb student time in the academic field, to
know whether the use of social networks are favorable or destructive for the student, and so to be able
to raise awareness among young people about the pros and cons of social media, the types of risk that
are exposed daily when using the internet, when it provides private information to strangers, orienting
teachers at the Technical University of Cotopaxi.

This scientific study had a qualitative approach. Qualitative because it allows to make use of the
observation and application of a structured survey as a technique of information collection and obtain a
criterion regarding the influence of social networks on the students of the Technical University of
Cotopaxi. The qualitative approach can study and analyze the reality of the context, since this research
encompasses a part of the reality of the place where the research was conducted. Quantitative because
the data obtained by mathematical calculations are analyzed and interpreted, which allow to find the
best alternative to test the hypothesis of the research.
 The modality was field and bibliographic, because the research was carried out in the place of the
facts, that is at the Technical University of Cotopaxi, that is why the research has a direct contact with
the object of study, where a respective object is carried out recognition of the facts given, through the
preparation of a survey, which helps to collect truthful information from the identified needs for
research and literature because books, magazines were used to collect the Information.

The level of research is exploratory in light of the approach to the problem, it was realized that there
was no research similar to the subject of the article. With a descriptive level because it allows to identify
the object of study and the characteristics, properties and more elements involved in the subject of
research, taking into account that the objective is to solve the problem of the research to be carried out.
The results of the research were analyzed through the survey the students of the last Career syllains of
engineering in Computer Science and Computational Systems of the Technical University of Cotopaxi
year 2016; of the 10-question survey, 3 relevant questions answered by the students were taken, which
will help draw the project's conclusions.

It could be concluded, the influence of social networks on university students is a great difficulty
facing society, so that the danger of young people grows ever more and more by exposing their entire
private lives to public knowledge. This research work was developed with the aim of proposing talks for
students on the risks to which they are exposed on social networks, as well as the development of an
educational program within the Technical University of Cotopaxi, so that students have a correct use of
social networks, helping to train young people with criteria and thus be able to reduce their addiction to
them.

Just as social networks influence mainly students, because of the misinterpretation why it was
created, because of a single purpose, joining distances and bringing people closer together, but rather
they are uniting distant people, and driving away those close. That's why sometimes there are bad
comments about social media. Social media affects a person's behavior because they help those who are
afraid to express themselves in public to meet people and make friends; the downside is that they can
be deceived and extorted and even suffer from virtual love disappointments that cause them depression
and even lead them to suicide.
 This research, made a very fundamental contribution in terms of the methodological process, which
frames it to a clear design and above all that the researcher must take into account, what or to whom he
will study, taking into account the population of his sample universe for the purpose of d and obtain
accurate information that characterizes the collective or the entire population studies.

2.2. Theoretical foundation.

The topic selected will be based on Analyzing the influence of social media on the lives of
adolescents in grades 9 and 10 of the Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles. The purpose is to make known
why these networks capture the almost immediate attention of students thus causing them to lose full
control of what they were doing. Therefore, it will be described by describing some contributions such
as the types of social networks that influence what teenagers see and think, the risks of social media
that teens are exposed to and what is the influence of social media on young fr truthfulness in what 9th
and 10th gradeers of the Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles see and think.

2.2.1. Human behavior.

The strong impact of social media has so profoundly had a great impact on the adolescent
population that a new model of relationship has been implemented. This has led to the adoption of a
new virtual communication model where physical presence is not necessary. Social networks have
become an instant and effective means of communication through which the participation of the
population increases in a social, civic and political way (García, Seco and Del Hoyo, 2013). In this sense,
adolescents are affected by the use of the internet in all areas of our lives. Given this effect, his study
has been incorporated into the many branches of knowledge as well as the influence of social media on
young people against the truthfulness of what they possess before what they see and think.

That is why it is important to maintain that the strong impact The strong impact of social networks
has so profoundly had a great impact on the adolescent population that a new model of relationship has
been implemented. This has led to the adoption of a new virtual communication model where physical
presence is not necessary. Social networks have become an instant and effective means of
communication, through which the participation of the population increases in a social, civic and
political way (García, Seco and Del Hoyo, 2013).
 It is very common that when talking about what adolescents see or feel, it is necessary to talk about
emotions and feelings, since these terms are closely related and produce a similar response in the young
people who experience them. Emotions are associated with the temperament, personality and
motivation of people, they influence in different ways some subjects and others, promoting one type of
response or another.
Emotions according to The Dictionary of the Royal Spanish Academy of Language, in its first sense,
considers that an emotion not only contains a bodily response, but is an "intense and transient mood,
pleasant or painful, which is accompanied by a certain somatic concussion" (RAE, 2017). Emotions
constitute the human motivational system, determining and organizing behavior, and can have
favorable or unfavorable effects on human health (Garrido, 2006).

2.2.2. Origins of social networks.

The origin of social media studies dates back to the 1930s and 1940s and has to this day received
various influences from scientific fields such as anthropology, psychology, sociology and mathematics.
Initially, the studies in this subject were linked as a structural methodology in their macro
approximation, although the knowledge they have managed to generate has been due to their study in
micro relationships and the relationships between their macro and micro approaches.

In the 1980s, with the application of mathematical formalism (Barnes and Haray, 1983) there were
various advances in the methodological and conceptual field, as well as a greater openness towards new
frameworks of reference in sociological theory and the incorporation of a transactional approach and
rational choice theory. Under this theoretical approach a shift in focus from attribute to relationship is
made, and quantitative perspectives offered by statistics and social study by categories evolve to a
relational model. Macro-social orientation is addressed as we move from studying the mere relationship
between actors to studying the link between different social positions (Galaskiewicz and Wasserman,
1993). Macro-social vision also gives way to the micro-social approach and addresses studies of
correlation between ordered pair or diadic attributes.

2.2.3. definition of social media

 The term social network is directly related to the integration of technologies, technologies that are
present in our life and that accompany us at all times, as we have become the main actors/consumers of
this opportunity emerged within the Internet. It thus becomes a scenario that can sometimes create
risks for a generation that is in a stage of personal, emotional and social growth. In this sense, it is
necessary to build the right tools to be able to navigate this fabric that can present risks, especially
among the younger population. Flames and Payer, (2014).

In a broad sense, social networks can be defined "as a social structure formed by people or entities
connected and united by some kind of relationship or common interest" (Ponce, 2012, 2). At present,
exchange information is becoming commonplace, society is undergoing accelerated changes, partly due
to the great advancement of Information and Communication Technologies and globalization (De Haro,
2010). Thus, we are defined and accompanied, already forming a fundamental part of our lives, seeing
how we often find unimaginable the fact that we do not have a smartphone in our pocket.

This has resulted in us relying on them to the extent that we use them out of obligation and
necessity rather than entertainment in free time, becoming true dependent on them, influencing these
even in our well-being. It is so important to individuals that those who do not belong to some social
network or lack them, do not really feel part of society, that is, they are not fully integrated, since they
are not in contact with other people in a virtual way , they don't know about their lives and, above all,
they can't show the way they really want to be seen. De Haro, (2010).

In this sense, information is the most long-desired raw material, especially when it comes to the
adolescent collective. Social networks encourage their users to display as much information as possible
as well as add as many contacts as possible. At the same time all the information we add in our profiles
or spaces can help to attract new participants. This network of information, contact, also proposes the
authors that could be compared with a web in which information is captured that is useful for the
platform and that is getting bigger and bigger (Calls and Payer, 2014).

2.3. Types of social media

According to Celaya (2008), there are three main social media classifications:
1. Professional networks (e.g. LinkedIn, Xing, Viadeo)
 2. General networks (e.g. MySpace, Facebook, WhatsApp, Tuenti, Hi5, among others.
3. Specialized networks (e.g. Ediciona, eBuga, CinemaVIP, 11870) Although many other types of
networks are likely to be left, these are those that obey a more general grouping and are the ones that
have the highest level of visits, according to official records. For example, according to the global source
of market intelligence "ComScore", Facebook managed to outperform My Space in June 2007 by 52
million views, and although My Space by then recorded 117 million users, its growth had stagnated
during the 3 per cent in years (Watts, 2003). In the meantime, professional social networks have had a
more homogeneous growth and a similar user profile, according to the report from the same source,
even though their list of members is substantially smaller. In fact, networking has been the driving force
behind professional networks, which explains that they are substantially lower in number than social
networks.

2.3.1. Professional social networks.

Such networks have helped to promote the concept of "networking" between SMEs and middle
managers for larger companies. Its added value is that they allow to develop a wide list of professional
contacts, both for commercial exchanges and for interaction and searches of opportunities between
people. Typically, users who enter these networks include a description of their resume, which is the
starting point for their subsequent interactions.
In that order of ideas, all these platforms have an internal search engine that allows you to track the
contact base by the name of the person we are looking for or by the name of the company or university.
Users in turn can integrate with each other according to their expectations, tastes and preferences. Also
called Vertical Social Networks: here is something different. Users search for or have common allocated
points, and these social networks serve one or more specific purposes at the professional level:
employment, networking, travel, etc. Here comes the type of social networks like LinkedIn, TripAdvisor,
Soundcloud, Spotify, Vimeo, etc...

2.3.2. Generalist social networks

This type of spaces has profiles of users very similar to the previous ones, but with different growth
rates, marked by generation of contacts, who enter in order to contact people close and not so close, to
communicate, or to share music, videos, photographs and personal information. For example, Tenuti
gained 2,843,000 visitors in 2007, Hi5 registered 2,279,000, while Myspace and Facebook recorded
about 1,200,000 unique visitors per month (Watts, 2003).

For its part, "unlike the LinkedIn and Xing model, where the authenticity of published profiles
predominates, generalist networks have countless fictional profiles and almost zero control over them",
says Celaya (2008). This type of permissibility has created mistrust in some users and fear in others, so
there has been increased pressure regarding the security measures that these sites must take.

Likewise, as with the phenomenon of blogs, the use of social networks has tended to decline,
although this distantly would mean that there is some trend of disappearance of these. Because of the
above, these types of spaces have been trying to avoid the desertion of their users, for which they have
been more cautious regarding the published content and the rules of conduct for their affiliates.
"However, these new rules of control and monitoring of user behavior can condition the future growth
of generalist social networks, as many of them only participate in these networks through fictitious
profiles," he says. Celaya (2008).
According to the same author, the model of financial income generated by this type of network is
based on advertising, which has tended to be affected by the scant attention provided by internet users.
However, new models are emerging, through which financial transactions are being executed, which
have been an alternative to energize such virtual platforms. Because of the above, they will quickly
become nodes of vertical communities, offering highly specialized content and events to promote
greater fidelity of their different audiences, based on very specific behavior and affinities, comments the
author. In addition to it, you can also call it horizontal: they are the type of general social networks,
where any type of user can enter and participate in them, without having a priori common features.
They are, for example, Facebook, Instagram or Twitter.

2.3.3. The rise of specialized social media

In recent years, social networks specialized in a certain social or economic activity, sport or subject
matter have been recorded. This allows to satisfy an inherent need of the human being to be part of
groups with common characteristics and interests, which depending on the scale of needs of Maslow or
Maslow pyramid, would obey the need for belonging or affiliation. An example of such spaces is the
Flixster network, which is a social network of film lovers, or SkiSpace, which specializes in snow sports,
and which have managed to attract social groups interested in these topics, as well as, have captured
the attention of advertisers according to each segment.

In the general way of conclusion, the fact of the case is that social networks have had a huge
acceptance, since they have provided an extraordinary way to communicate in a public or private way,
without prior restrictions or censorship, at a very low cost and with the possibility of having a virtually
guaranteed interaction with all members of the individual's virtual environment. Also, a relevant aspect
is that these types of spaces were so successful that the same organizations have considered it
necessary to create their own profiles to interact with their diverse audiences.
3. The risks of social media

Information and Communication Technologies have been installed naturally and daily in the
socialization processes of adolescents and young people, so that we do not conceived our day to day
without internet, social networks, WhatsApp, n or being aware of the potential risks posed by the
inappropriate use of these networks. We live in the digital age, so the students of the current
Compulsory Secondary Education and the Baccalaureate, have to acquire a high digital competence,
because they will live in an info technological world loaded with risks (Del Barrio and Fe Nanández,
2016).

As some authors show, "these networks, are the best exponent of the so-called extimity, the
opposite of intimacy, it seems that now it is necessary to make itself known, to tell what is done, to be
at the center of the relationship and attention. Young people perceive that the one who is not in the net
" does not exist". And this may involve its risks for adolescents" (Del Barrio and Ferrer, 2016, p. 573).
Today social networks have become a vehicle of direct and dynamic communication, while providing the
possibility of being in contact with strangers, which can sometimes prove a risk, especially if it is
teenagers.

Therefore, they establish one of the main sources of leisure for adolescents, who have found in
these media spaces in which to share information, establish relationships, communicate, young people
sometimes prefer this means of communicating that (Farber, Shafron, Hamadani, Wald, Nitzburg, 2012).
Some of the risks posed by misuse of the Internet is that there are people who seek to take advantage of
others, there is inappropriate content for children and young people, not everything that is said on the
Internet is true, not everyone is who claims to be , in fact it is not usually.

As the authors Ruido, Castro & Pérez argue, "it is precisely in this framework of virtuality,
characterized by the generalization of the use of mobile telephony, instant messaging or social networks
where new practices of virtual and real risk arise" (2015, p. 58). Cyberbullying, grooming, sexting, are
terms that are currently being used due to misuse of the network. In this sense, a recent study carried
out at the University of Navarra, on the habits of use and risky behaviors on the Internet in tweens
shows us that some risky behaviors are related to being with strangers, giving personal data or send
photos and videos.

Also, behaviors related to "cyberbullying" were found (Fernández, Peñalva and Irazabal, 2015). This
same data also shows this in the report carried out within the Net Children Go Mobile Project,
developing in Spain within the framework of the project "Innovation Uses and risks of the network for
minors. The Impact of Mobile Technologies" (CSO2013-47304-R) funded by the Ministry of Economy and
Competitiveness (2016).

Aware that both the use and management of social networks has become a new environment not
only of socialization, but in a space to build their own social identity with their peers (Bernal-Bravo and
Angulo, 2013), we consider that the role of the parents in this regard is critical. This leads to the need to
raise awareness of the potential risks of the Internet, as well as the importance of monitoring children,
including more technology-sharing times.
As evidenced in some studies, training on the responsible use of social media is needed through a
holistic perspective on adolescent life skills, as well as in the teaching group and in families (Noise,
Castro, Fernández, & Carrera 2015). The younger people use the internet, the more opportunities they
will be able to enjoy, but also more risky experiences will be exposed.

4. The influence of social media on young people.

After knowing a concept about what social media is, it is also essential to know the proposals
around the reason for their magno scope. Some authors, such as the one mentioned below, consider
the rise of social media to be the result of a need that was seen coming for today's society. This need is
based on unifying photos, messaging, videos, information that were previously dispersed. It was an
evolutionary need, that networks are created in the face of approaching borders, which with the
internet collapsed much earlier.
The ease of being in touch with others in your neighborhood, city, or even from other countries has
resulted in social media currently being the Internet boom. And it was expected that it would happen,
because there was a need to gather messaging, photos, videos that were previously separated or did not
come to combine all the elements in the same website so that the user can have all the tools in one, and
it is in that moment when social media appear, which arose, as we observed, from a palpable need.
(Fernánez [2010], 9).

Another aspect that motivated social networks in the rise has more to do with the economic than
the social. These networks are also offered as a space for free advertising for small businesses or
businesses. In addition, for large transnationals or power companies, social media has been proposed as
a new form of advertising that reaches a giant number of people much faster than before, and with
higher positive results. The networking is a business that is mainly profited from by the operator of the
platform. The user pays for access with their personal data (user profile), produces for free (collaborates
by sending photos and videos) and generates audience for the sale of advertising. It is therefore a triple
payment: affiliation economy, collaboration economy and attention economy. (Campos, 2013).

Because of this, large international companies have set their sights on social media to advertise and
sell their products and services. Social networks are shown as an ideal space for large communication
groups as it encompasses a large group of people, making more immediate the reach of their advertising
and increasing, by such a virtue, sales. In the following map of Campos, we can see a series of economic
transactions carried out around social networks by large international groups.

At the moment networks are basic social communication systems, based both on the philosophy of
affiliation and participation and on the economics of collaboration and attention. But that, however,
they have become the main strategic focus of all major communication groups in recent years: Murdoch
News Corporation bought Myspace in 2005 for $850 million; Microsoft paid $240 million for a Facebook
stake, valued at $15 billion, in October 2007; and AOL, an Internet subsidiary of Time Warner, acquired
Bebo for 850 million euros in March 2008. (Fields, 2013) In the world of the large network that is the
Internet, you can find a myriad of social networks, however, there are some that have made a massive
impact reaching millions of people and communicating to almost every country in the world. This is due
to certain characteristics of each social network, which make it attractive to the younger masses.

Without a doubt, Facebook is currently the most widely used social network. By April 2009, this
network had 200 million accounts, many of which are not even active. The resounding success of this
social network is its great interactivity that brings people without borders together. With Facebook "we
can upload images, videos, create groups, use its various applications, among other aspects that make
this platform, the most successful" (Flores, Morán, & Rodríguez, 2013). All of these apps help fulfill the
main mission of the page: to bring people together.

But, around social networks with visual tendency, the one that has caused the most worldwide
shock is Instagram, perhaps because of the ease with which you can share photos with different filters
that make them more pleasant. This social network is an application that has already positioned itself as
one of the strongest and consists basically of sharing photos. As the following authors point out, it is
only necessary to take the photo, apply some of the filters that it has and upload it to the application.
This facility, together with the image seems to be the success of this social network.

How it works is very simple, a photo is taken, one of the many filters available and is uploaded to the
application. Instagram has all the virtues of a social network and allows you to share photos with all
previously added contacts. Its feed system with the latest photos uploaded, and the possibility to click a
<> or comment on photos, enhance participation in this small community of photography addicts. (Free
[Liberate], 2013, 437). These three social networks are listed as the most attractive for younger
generations. And this responds to a simple reason, which is precisely that sector for which they are
designed. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter and many others were born to younger people. For this reason,
adults handle the false conception that they are counterproductive for minors.

However, young people are responsible for the use of social media, adults believe they are not, but
because they cannot understand youth and where it has been taken by technology, which is not
negative. The following quotation clearly shows us that young people are prudent and responsible in the
use of social media. Although there are exceptions, and they should be educated to be accountable in
their actions. The vast majority of young people use social media in a very sensible way. For example,
strangers are not usually admitted to Twenty as friends. The bad fame that social media has among
adults can be considered a reaction caused by ignorance of a technology they don't understand. It also
doesn't help to see in the news the social media profile of every child under the age of 18 who suffers or
causes a tragedy. (García & Ramos, 2003).

However, on this concern on the issue of social media should be focused, for a vulnerable person it
can become a problem. There are groups of people for whom social media presents itself as an
alternative to obviating its reality, reaching addiction. This is a problem in adolescence and youth, and
that social networks can be offered as a space in which guys who don't actually have much contact with
their family or don't have friends, can fantasize a virtual reality.

In short, a subject with a vulnerable personality, weak family cohesion and poor social relations is at
great risk of becoming addicted if he has a habit of immediate rewards, has the object of addiction to
hand, feels pressured by the group and is under stress (school failure, affective frustrations or
competitiveness) or existential vacuum (social isolation or lack of objectives). In this way, rather than a
profile of addicted to new technologies, we must talk about people prone to addiction. (Echeburúa & de
Corral, 2012)

But, knowing how to educate children on the subject of social media, there is no reason to worry,
and rather, you should look to these virtual worlds as tools that can be used for different purposes. One
of these purposes may be pedagogical. Education is linked to new generations, which is why it must
always be up to date in the interests of children. From this perspective, social networks can be used at
the educational level, taking advantage of the great interest that students of all levels have. For
education, social media brings many advantages such as the "Explanation of the activities that are
carried out in class to engage the parents of the activities" or "Share resources as links related to the
subjects being studied." (from Haro, 2013), among other advantages that this new technology gives us.

CHAPTER III METHOD

With regard to the methodological framework, classified and detailed information is presented,
corresponding to the type of research, design, population and study sample, instrument for data
collection, which aims to coordinate in a way the factors involved, focused in a clear, precise and
objective way. Methodological design involves deciding their procedures, strategies and operationality
to achieve research objectives.

3.1. hypothesis

Hypothesis 1: Adolescents of grade 9, and 10 who regularly turn to social networks such as YouTube,
Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, etc., will be ideologically affected by improper use of them. This will in the
future lead to the creation of a dogmatic individual, who will only consider his answer to be unique and
true.

Hypothesis 2: Grade 9 and 10 teens who frequently turn to social networks such as Facebook,
Twitter, YouTube, Instagram etc. will be more likely to have a life influenced by the media. In this way,
those actions that are taken on social networks will have their reciprocal effects on reality.
Hypothesis 3: Grade 9 and 10 teens who constantly make use of social networks like Facebook
Twitter YouTube Instagram etc. will be more likely to be monitored by algorithms that predict a possible
taste to subsequently seek consumption in the individual.

3.2. Type of research.

Taking into account the purpose of research concerning technological albabetism as a strategy of
permanence in aspiring students of the system engineering career and in spite of the specific objectives
set out, the this subject-matter of study is incorporated into the type of descriptive research, because
work was made on the reality of the facts as posed by Tamayo and Tamayo (2010).

In this regard, Supo (2015) states that a descriptive study underpins its proposal on a single variable.
The above arguments support defining this investigation as descriptive. Depending on the type of data
to be collected for research, the study is typified as field. In this sense, it is possible to categorize field
designs according to Sabino (2014), as the primary and interesting data that are collected directly from
reality through the concrete work of the researcher and his team.

In the author's view, descriptive studies are intended to analyze situations or events, that is, it
describes how it is and how a particular phenomenon manifests itself. It can then be said that
descriptive research develops fundamentally, a phenomenon or situation through its study, in a given
temporal and spatial circumstance. For his part, Chávez (2010) points out that descriptive research is
"studies aimed at collecting information with the real state of people, objects situations or phenomena,
as presented at the time of collection".

3.3. Research design

A non-experimental design will be raised in the research, in the field, to be observed in it the
phenomena as presented in reality, and then analyzed, that is, no situation is built, but that already
existing situations are observed, without being intentionally provoked. In this regard, Hernández and
others (2014) explain that non-experimental designs "are made without intentionally manipulating
variables, the phenomenon is observed as it is presented in its natural context and then analyzed, being
closer to reality studied, which has less rigorous control than experimental control."

The same author proposes that the research design is "studies that are carried out without the
deliberate manipulation of variables and in which only phenomena are observed in their natural
environment and then analyzed". Viewed in this way, the researchers stayed out of the phenomena and
set out only to record what they observed, as raised, without omitting or adding any aspects. Therefore,
this study in mention is field because the data were collected directly at the place where the facts
happen with the investigated subjects was considered as a fieldwork and not experimental.

3.4. Population

In general, population means the total, finite or infinite set of elements or observation units to be
considered in a study, that is, that is the universe of research, on which it will be intended to generalize
the studies to which it takes place. In this order of ideas, Arias (2010) notes that "the population is all
subjects directly linked to the study".

In this same order of ideas, Hernandez et al. (2014) indicate that the population "is the whole
phenomenon to be studied, where the units have characteristics in common, which are studied and give
rise to research data". It also defines the population under study as the whole phenomenon to be
studied where population units have a common characteristic, which is studied and gives rise to
research data, for this case the population will be made up of the 9, and 10 thy/high Gimnasio
Campestre Los Laureles located in the municipality of Cajica which represent the entire population
universe of students who are considered for this study as the key informant subjects who will answer
the instrument's questions responsibly.
Colegio Gimnasio Number of Number of students
Campestre Los Laureles classrooms
Bilingüe.
1 2 48
Total 48

Own source (2019).

3.5. Information collection techniques and tools.

There are different techniques, some of which are frequently used in the economic, administrative
and accounting sciences, the techniques and data collection tools according to Chávez (2010), "are the
means that the researcher uses to say how behavior or attributes of variables." Likewise, Fidias (2016),
expresses that data collection techniques are the different ways or means of obtaining information such
as direct observation, the survey in its modalities: oral or written (questionnaire) interview, analysis
documentary and content.
The collection of information in this research will be done through the survey, in accordance with
the concepts referred to above, in the same way a questionnaire will be selected as instruments. For the
application of the survey technique, a self-administered questionnaire shall be taken into account as an
instrument; which will apply to students of 9, 10 thy/c. of the Colegio Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles
Bilingual located in the municipality of Cajica. See Table 1.

Table 1. Categorization of the response

ALTERNATIVES OF
WEIGHING MEANING
ANSWER
S 1 FOREVER
CS 2 ALMOST ALWAYS
AV 3 SOMETIMES
CN 4 RARELY
N 5 NEVER
Source: own elaboration (2019)
 Chapter IV: Analysis of Results.

This chapter of research is where the data found throughout the research process are intertwined
with the theoretical bases exposed by the authors who underpinned the variables under study such as
social networks in the lives of adolescents grades 9 and 10 of the Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles and
the background consulted that were relevant to that study. In correspondence with the above, some
authors refer that the results of an investigation "is the part of it that will allow the person who does it
to draw the conclusions of it" Hernandez and others (2014). Thus, the discussion of the results takes
place when explaining the data obtained and comparing it with other research, i.e. a critical assessment
of the findings from the perspective of the researcher taking into account the work of other researchers
and the Own.

To respond to the overall objective and the specific ones, a data collection instrument was
developed, which yielded results that were easy to qualify and quantify from a statistical study of them,
an analysis of each item that make up the study variable: social media. In this order, the instrument was
applied to the population under study of the Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles because they are easily
accessible. Through the application of the instruments, descriptive statistical treatment was applied, in
which results representation tables were used by their frequency of descriptive statistical selection, in
which tables of representation of results by their selection frequency (Absolute Frequency (Fa)), and
their representative portion (Relative Frequency (Fr)).

Similarly, the results were represented in tables according to each of the tabulated data. Finally, the
presentation was carried out, first considering the indicators, then dimensions of the variables, and
finally the analysis and interpretation of the results, where the set of aspects and properties that are
specified they configure the problem studied, in correspondence with the variable and the dimensions
that have been established in the research, determining the significance and scope of them.
 4.1. Analysis 1

Once, the data were obtained, the respective analysis of the same were carried out which were
discussed with the theorists set out in Chapter II, which underpin each of the items in the development
scheme where the researchers from there, determined if contrasted, they claim, disagree, they have
similarity or contradict the results with theorists and the perception of the researchers with respect to
the findings found during the analysis process.

Variable: social media

Dimension: social media types
Specific objectives: Identify the types of social networks that influence what teenagers in grades 9
and 10 of the Gimnasio Campestre Los Laureles see and think.
Table 1: Results of the types of social networks dimension
Dimensión Indicador Siempre Casi Alguna Casi
Nunca Media Desviación
nunca
siempre
veces
Fa % Fa % Fa % Fa %
Fa %
Tipos de redes
Sociales Redes sociales
Profesionales. 13 46,4 15 53,6 0 0,0 0 0,0
0 0,0 4,5 0,5
Redes sociales
Generalistas. 10 35,7 14 50 3 10,7 0 0
1 3,6 4,1 0,9
Redes sociales
Especializadas 7 25 14 50 6 21,4 1 3,6
0 0,0 4,0 0,8
Promedio 10 35,7 14 51,2 3 10,7 0 1,2

0 1,2 4,2 0,7

Note. Source: self-made.

The analysis from the professional social media types indicator, 53.6% responded that almost always
and 46.4% responded always, taking into account that this is all of the informants, noting that for the
most part the most of the most representative was almost always (53.6%) indicating that these activities
are being carried out with moderate weaknesses in relation to the indicator in order to obtain a
response according to the proposed objective. Similarly, the mean is 4, 5 with a dispersion of 0.5
evidences a trend in the low dispersion of data, demonstrating a weak development in the study of the
indicator types of social networks.

In view of the above, the social media types indicator has a moderate relationship with what Celaya
(2008) states that the types of social networks, these are those that obey a more general grouping and
are those that have a higher level of visits’, according to official records. The goal of these types of
networks is to seek an opportunity to make themselves known professionally, and more in these times
of crisis and unemployment to find a job or find professional collaborators.

Next, generalist social networks as seen in Table 1 50% answer almost always, 35% always, 10%
sometimes, 0% almost never and 3.6% never, taking into account that key informants had a greater
impact on the response almost always develop the activities in a moderate way, indicating that social
networks have now become a vehicle of direct communication to provide the possibility of being in
contact with unknown people and also, those who enter this type of d and networks do so in order to
contact people close and not so close, to communicate, or to share music, videos, photographs and
personal information.

Similarly, the mean is 4.1 that located in the scale category is high, showing that the dispersion was 0.9
understanding that there is a high dispersion considering that the greater the standard deviation, the
greater the dispersion of the indicates this that specific values tend to move away from the average in a
data distribution. In this sense, they have a rapprochement with what the author Celaya (2008) has,
when he states that the general isalists have countless fictional profiles and almost zero control over
them".

Therefore, for the Specialized Social Networks indicator as ours in the table, 50% answer almost always,
25% always, 21.4% sometimes, 3.6% almost always. In the same order it can be seen that the highest
incidence among responses was almost always indicating that within the category of the scale is
moderately high which means that the activities are carried out but with moderate weaknesses with
ratio to what the indicator shows. In this same order, the mean of this indicator is 4.0 located in the high
category indicated by the scale, and the deviation was 0.8 the dispersion understanding that the higher
the standard deviation, the greater the dispersion of the population, taking into account how much tend
to move specific values away from set values.

According to the statistical data of this indicator Specialized Social Networks shows that it has an
approach with what the author Celaya (2008) has raised, in which he states that social networks have
had a huge acceptance, since they have facilitated a way extraordinary to communicate in a public or
private way, without prior restrictions or censorship, at a very low cost and with the possibility of having
a virtually guaranteed interaction with all members of the virtual environment of the individual. Also, a
relevant aspect is that these types of spaces were so successful that the same organizations have
considered it necessary to create their own profiles to interact with their diverse audiences.

4.2. Analysis 2
Variable: Social media
Dimensioning: The risks of social media
Specific objective: Describe the risks of social media on display by adolescents in grades 9 and 10 of the
Colegio Gimnasio campestre los Laureles.
Table 2: Results of the dimension The risks of social networks
Dimensión Indicador Siempre Casi Algunas Casi
Nunca Media Desviación
siempre veces nunca

Fa % Fa % Fa % Fa %
Fa %

Los riesgos de las redes

Sociales
Existencias de las redes
sociales 9 32,1 10 35,7 2 7,1 7 25,0
0 0,0 3,8 1,2
Riesgos de las redes
sociales 14 50 5 17,9 5 17,9 4 14,3 0
0,0 4,0 1,1
Redes sociales como
vinculo de
comunicación 8 28,6 11 39,3 8 28,6 1 3,6
0 0,0 3,9 1,0
Redes sociales como
Ocio 6 21,4 6 21,4 6 21,4 1 3,6
9 32,1 3,0 1,6
Promedio 9 33,0 8 28,6 5 18,7 3 11,6
2 8,0 3,7 1,2

Note. Source: Adapted own elaboration.

The results presented in Table 2, from Social Media Stocks, are observed for the analysis indicator of social

media stocks, it can be observed that 35.7% answer almost always, 32.1% always, 7.1% sometimes, 25.0%

almost always, having a greater scope on the response scale almost always with the responses given by

key informants indicating that activities are moderately high, young people perceive that the non-network

"does not exist". And this may involve its risks for adolescents" (Del Barrio and Ferrer, 2016, p. 573).

Similarly, the mean of this was 3.8 ranking in the Moderately high category, indicating that activities are

carried out moderately with a deviation of 1.2 understanding that there is dispersion in the data provided

which can be said to the greater the standard deviation, the greater the dispersion of the responses

provided by the key informants.

From this perception, we then proceed to carry out the analysis of the Social Media Risks indicator
taking into account the results yielded by key informants, as seen in Table 2 50% of respondents resp
they always said that 17.9% responded almost always, 17.9% at the time, 14.3% almost never, bearing in
mind that the most relevant response that social networks have become a direct and dynamic
communication vehicle, while providing the the possibility of being in contact with unknown people,
which can sometimes be a risk, especially if they are adolescents. On the other hand, the mean was 4.0
indicating that it is moderately high, meaning that the development of activities is carried out with
moderate weaknesses relative to the study variable.

According to the indicator, Social networks as a link of communication, the results were those expressed
by the informants where 39.3% responded almost always, 28.65% some times, 28.6% always responded,
3.6% almost never, taking into account that the responses with a greater impact on the responses
provided by key informants was almost always indicating that these activities are performed moderately
high, which means that they carry out activities but with moderate weaknesses with relative to the
variable.

Therefore, the mean of this indicator is 3.9 placing in the category Moderately high in attention to the
scale, indicating that the activities are carried out moderately with a deviation of 1.0 understanding that
there is dispersion in the data provided by informants, from what can be said that the greater the
standard deviation, the greater the dispersion of the supplied data of the variable under study.

Finally, the indicator Social networks as Leisure 32.1% i answer never, 21.4% of the respondents always
answered, 21.4% almost always, 21.4 times and 3.6% almost never and noting that the answer with the
highest incidence was never. On the other hand, the mean is 3.0 which is shown that this activity is very
low according to the scale and the deviation of 1.6 showing a high dispersion of the responses given by
the key informants. In this order, it is noted that the mean of this dimension was 3.7 which means that it
is high with a dispersion of 1.2 showing that it is high showing that the higher the standard deviation,
the greater the dispersion of the supplied responses by the pollsters.

In this sense, these deductions differ from the premise brought by the authors Ruido, Castro, Fernández,
& Carrera (2015), where they argue, that network edify has brought with it a variation in the notions of
time and space, and today, the leisure experiences are settled under a space of flows, constant change
and a time that has become timeless.

4.3. Analysis 3
Variable: Social media
Dimension: The influence of social media on young people.
Specific objective: Establish the influence of social media on young people versus veracity in what 9th
and 10th graders see and think of the Colegio Gimnasio campestre los Laureles.

Table 3: Results of the dimension The influence of social networks.

Dimensión Indicador Siempre Casi Algunas Casi
Nunca Media Desviación
siempre veces nunca

Fa % Fa % Fa % Fa %
Fa %

los medios sociales 5 17,9 9 32,1 5 17,9 5 17,9

4 14,3 3,2 1,3
La influencia
de las
redes sociales
El auge de las
redes sociales 12 42,9 9 32,1 2 7,1 5 17,9
0 0,0 4,0 1,1

las redes sociales

fruto de una necesidad 6 21,4 9 32,1 10 35,7 2 7,1
1 3,6 3,6 1,0

Promedio 8 28,6 10 34,3 6 22,1 3 10,7

1 4,3 3,7 1,1

Note. Source: self made.

The results presented in Table 3, of the social media indicator, indicate that 32.1% of respondents
responded almost always, 17.9% in their answer ingrifies always answered, 17.9% sometimes, 7.9%
almost never and 14.3% never. It is evident that the most advocacy response was almost always
meaning that the rise of social networks is the result of a need that was seen coming for today's society,
that networks are created in terms of bringing the borders.. According to the above, the mean of this
indicator is 3.2 and the deviation of 1.3 which means that the activities concerning the variable with a
high deviation are carried out, bearing in mind that the higher the deviation the greater the dispersion
of the da supplied by the variable under study.

Once, analyzed the data it can be said that this has quite a rapprochement with what was raised by the
author Fernánez (2010), where he states that the ease of being in contact with other people has
produced that social networks are currently the internet boom with the need to gather messaging,
photos, videos that were previously separated or didn't come to combine all the elements on a single
website so that the user can have all the tools in one, and that's when social networks appear , which
arose, as we observed, from a palpable need.

In the second indicator the rise of social networks, it can be interpreted that 42.9% always answer,
32.1% almost always, 7.1% Sometimes, 17.9% almost nape, having a higher impact always on the
responses provided by key informants, wanting the rise of social media has more to do with economic
than social. These networks are also offered as a space for free advertising for the population.
Therefore, the mean is 4.0 indicating that the activities are carried out from concerning the variable and
the deviation of 1.1 being understood to be high in regard to the scale. In this way, it can be observed
that the greater the standard deviation, the greater the dispersion of the population.

From this analysis, it must be said that there is an approach to the author Campos, (2013), where he
states that the user pays for access with his personal data (user profile), produces for free (collaborates
by sending photos and videos) and generates audience for the sale of Advertising. It is therefore a triple
payment: affiliation economy, collaboration economy and attention economy.

For the indicator, social networks resulting from a need 35.7% of respondents responded a few times,
32.1% replied that almost always, 21.4% always, 7.1% almost never and 3.6% never, noticing that the
greatest approach in the responses provided was sometimes, taking into account that this activity is
carried out on average, developing this indicator with weaknesses. In that same idea, it is observed that
the mean is 3.6 meaning according to the scale that there are weaknesses in this indicator in relation to
the variable, and the deviation is 1.0 meaning that there is a high dispersion, which manifests that there
is no homogeneity in responses provided by key informants.

For the researcher, social networks have an impact on the social evolution of the 9th and 10th graders
of the Colegio Gimnasio campestre los Laureles, which is a topic that has generated interaction with
their colleagues on Facebook and WhatsApp and have sometimes used the networks professional social
media to take advantage of better travel opportunities, considering that today social networks have
become a direct communication vehicle to provide the possibility of being in contact with people.
Despite the above it is not denied that there is a level of influence of social media on students and
consequently social media not everyone is who it claims to be, in fact it is not usually so, recognizing
that its overuse as anything , can create dependence and ultimately addiction, which bring
consequences like any addiction.

Chapter IV

5.1. Conclusions: Administrative aspects

The following conclusions are derived from the methodological procedure developed throughout the
investigation and were generated from each of the proposed specific objectives which contributed to
the achievement of the overall objective. Hence this is the order followed for your presentation.
About Specific Goal No. 1 Identify the types of social networks that influence what teenagers in grades 9
and 10 of the Gimnasio Campestre del Laureles see and think, in which social networks are tools for
power connect, share with people music, videos, photographs and personal information in which they
use significant time in which they do not present excessive use and do not have it as a leisure. Share
As for the second goal Describe the risks of social networks on display to adolescents in grades 9 and 10
of the Colegio Gimnasio campestre los Laureles. Behaviors that can potentially be at risk on social media
involve a variety of circumstances, such as information that may be disclosed to third parties. Although
there were limits to answering the questionnaire it can be said that 50% of teens who talk to strangers
online are more likely to be victims of harassment than teenagers who share personal information on
the Network.
In the same way, in the objective Establish the influence of social networks on young people against
truthfulness in what teenagers in the 9th and 10th grades of the Colegio Gimnasio campestre los
Laureles see and think, many of the young people stated that they are responsible it is their actions, but
there are young people with a vulnerable personality, weak family cohesion and poor social relations at
great risk of becoming addicted if it has a habit of immediate rewards, has the object of addiction at
hand, it is feeling pressured by the group and undergoing circumstances of stress (school failure,
affective frustrations or competitiveness) or existential vacuum (social isolation or lack of objectives). In
this way, rather than a profile of addicted to new technologies, we must talk about people prone to
addiction. (Echeburúa & de Corral, 2012)

5.2. Schedule.

1. Schedule of activities

ETAPA/ MES 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Elaboración del proyecto de investigación

Presentación, socialización y sensibilización del proyecto.

Recolección de información
Presentación de avances
Elaboración de instrumento
Aplicación de instrumento
Organización de los resultados
Análisis de los resultados
Presentación de avances
Realización y presentación de artículo científico

Elaboración y presentación de informe

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