Tugas Bahasa Inggris Semester 1

Disusun oleh:

Amin Nugroho

FAKULTAS PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM

UNIVERSITAS NAHDATUL ULAMA
Tahun pelajaran
2019/2020

1. Mencari atau membuat text kemudian di analisi menggunakan context clue

a. Semicolon (“;”) dan comma (“,”) biasanya memberikan kita arti lain dari
sebuah kalimat atau kata, seperti contoh dibawah ini:

Nadia is a scrooge; she does not want to spend money on anything if she can get it free.

Beberapa dari kita mungkin tidak familiar dengan kata scrooge. Tapi jika kamu membaca
kalimat setelah tanda baca semicolon she does not want to spend money on anything if she
 can get it free (dia tidak mau mengeluarkan uang untuk sesuatu yang bisa ia dapatkan secara
gratis), kamu pasti akan tahu bahwa scrooge berarti pelit.

b. I removed the __________ from the shelf and began to read.

Saat melihat kata shelf (rak) dan read (membaca), otak kita mungkin sudah bisa
menebak kata apa yang seharusnya diisikan ke dalam kalimat, yaitu buku atau
sejenisnya.

2. Menemukan jenis stems dan affixs dari text

In English grammar and morphology, an affix is a word element that can be attached to
a base or root to form a new word or new form of the word, usually occurring as either a prefix
or suffix. Put simply, an affix is a group of letters that are generally added to the beginning or the
end of a root word that can change the word's meaning.

As their names would entail, prefixes like pre-, re-, and trans- are attached to the beginnings
of words such as predict, reactivate, and transaction, while suffixes like -ism, -ate, and -ish are
attached to the ends of words such as socialism, eradicate, and childish. In rare cases, an affix
may be added to the middle of a word and is therefore called an infix, which occurs in such words
as cupsful and passersby, where the additional "-s-" affix pluralizes the words cupful and
passerby, thus changing their form.

What Is a Prefix?

A prefix is a letter or group of letters attached to the beginning of a word that partly indicates
its meaning, including such as examples as "anti-" to mean against, "co-" to mean with, "mis-" to
mean wrong or bad, and "trans-" to mean across.

The most common prefixes in English are those that express negation like "a-" in the word
asexual, "in-" in the word incapable, and "un-" in the word unhappy. These negations immediately
alter the meaning of the words they are added to, but some prefixes merely change the form. The
word prefix itself contains the prefix pre-, which means before, and the root word fix, which
means to fasten or place. Thus, the word itself means "to place before."

Prefixes are bound morphemes, which means they can't stand alone. Generally, if a group of
letters is a prefix, it can't also be a word. However, prefixation, or the process of adding a prefix to
a word, is a common way of forming new words in English.

What Is a Suffix?

A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word or root—its base form—
serving to form a new word or functioning as an inflectional ending. The word suffix comes
from the Latin, "to fasten underneath."

There are two primary types of suffixes in English:

 Derivational, such as the addition of "-ly" to an adjective to form an adverb,

indicating what type of word it is.
  Inflectional, such as the addition of "-s" to a noun to form a plural telling something
about the word's grammatical behavior.

Difference Between Affixes and Compound Words

Affixes are bound morphemes, which means that they can't stand alone. If a group of letters is
an affix, it usually can't also be a word. However, Michael Quinion's 2002 book, "Ologies and
Isms: Word Beginnings and Endings," explains the importance of these affixes to the English
language and its ever-evolving usage.

Although quite similar to compounds—which combine two words with separate meanings to
form a new word with a new meaning—affixes must be attached to other words in order to have
meaning in and of themselves, says Quinion.

Still, affixes can often be stacked together in clusters to create complex words much more easily
than com pounds can, as David Crystal explains in his 2006 book, "How Language Works." He
uses the example of nation, which can become national as well as nationalize, nationalization,
or denationalization.

3. Membuat Sentence synthesis masing-masing 3 kalimat

a. Berdasarkan Kata Kerja Utama Suatu Kalimat
Berdasarkan kata kerja utama suatu kalimat, kalimat dibagi menjadi menjadi kalimat verbal
dan kalimat nominal.

Kalimat verbal
Kalimat verbal adalah kalimat yang predikatnya adalah kata kerja.

contoh:

 I go to school.

 The play football.

 She reads a book.

Kalimat nominal
Kalimat nominal adalah kalimat yang predikatnya bukan kata kerja, melainkan bentuk be (am,
is, are, was, were)

contoh:

 She is beautiful.

 They are strong.

Berdasarkan Bentuknya
Berdasarkan bentuknya, kalimat dibedakan menjadi 4, yaitu

Statement
Statement merupakan bentuk kalimat pernyataan.

contoh:

 Emily likes apple.

 Emily doesn’t like mango.

Question
Question merupakan bentuk kalimat tanya.

contoh:

 Do you like pizza?

 Where do you live?

Imperative
Imperative merupakan kalimat perintah, larangan, atau ajakan.

contoh:

 Be quiet!

 Don’t do that!

 Let’s go!

Exclamatory
Exclamatory merupakan kalimat seruan (strong feeling).

contoh:

 How happy you are!

Berdasarkan Jumlah dan Penyusun Klausa

Berdasarkan jumlah dan penyusun klausanya

Simple Sentence
Simple Sentence atau kalimat sederhana. Cirinya:

 Emily eats pizza.

S V O

Compound Sentence
Compound sentence atau kalimat majemuk setara.

 Charles was rich but Clark was poor.

S V CC S V

 Emily often went to Claire’s home when Emily was sad.

S V complex conj S V
MC SC

 I am explaining and you are listening when a lizard falls.

S V comp.conj S V complex conj S V

4. Clause and Phrase

a. . He order something when he need.

b. He order something = independent clause

c. when he need = dependent clause

d. . She has talk to her mother who she missed so much.

e. She has talk to her mother = independent clause

f. who she missed so much = dependent clause

5. Perbedaan Reguler Verb dan Irreguler Verb

Bahasa Inggris memiliki dua jenis kata kerja, yakni regular dan irregular verbs.
Untuk dapat membedakan keduanya sebenarnya cukup mudah. Anda dapat melihat
bentuk simple past dan past participle dari kata kerja tersebut.

Regular dan irregular verbs tidak memiliki bentuk yang berbeda pada simple
present, present participle, dan infinitive. Sedangkan untuk simple past dan past
participle-nya, biasanya memiliki bentuk yang berbeda dari kata dasar (infinitive).

REGULAR VERBS, seperti namanya, adalah kata kerja reguler atau biasa. Kata
kerja ini mudah diprediksi dan bentuk simple past serta past participle-nya cukup
diberi akhiran -ed pada infinitif untuk membentuk kata kerja reguler tersebut.

 Bila kata kerja berakhiran -e, maka cukup tambahkan -d.

  Bila kata kerja berakhiran -y, maka hilangkan -y dan gantikan dengan -ied.

 Bila kata kerja berakhiran dengan huruf vokal dan konsonan, konsonan
tersebut digandakan dan ditambahi dengan -ed.

IRREGULAR VERBS adalah kebalikan dari regular verbs, yakni kata kerja yang tidak
beraturan. Ciri-cirinya adalah tidak mudah diprediksi dan tidak memiliki akhiran -ed di
belakang infinitifnya. Bentuk simple past dan past participle-nya harus dipelajari dan
dihafalkan agar dapat menggunakannya dengan leluasa dalam berbagai struktur
kalimat Bahasa Inggris.