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Industrial
Advanced industrial
filtration equipments
for oils, fuels and
Aviation solvents. Electrical Utility
Worlds largest Proven cost effective
supplier of Jet fuel systems for ensuring
Filtration equipments. clean and dry
transformer,circuit
breaker, switch gear
and turbine oil.
Appointed by Velcon Filters in 2002
Fluid
Decontamination
Power Transformers Sales and Services, Specialists
cooling purposes.
➢ Moisture in the insulation significantly accelerates the
aging process. The insulation system of power
transformers consists of oil and cellulose.
➢ Among factors contributing mostly to the degradation
of transformer insulation, moisture plays an important
role.
➢ Presence of water in solid part of the insulation, even
in small concentrations-
✓ increases its aging rate
✓ increases the risk of bubble formation
✓ reduces the dielectric strength of transformer oil
Contaminants resulting from assembly sand, dust ,crumb of clay; calx(A powdery
in field- (Dress and test dirt) metallic oxide formed when an ore or mineral has
been heated), welding slag
Operating passive-mode contaminants:
Oil aging sludge particles ("polymeric" in nature)
Wear cellulose Cellulose fibers
Peeling off of the paint Polymer films, paint
Crumb of sorbent
Operating active-mode contaminants
Overheating of metals Soot, coke (films and three dimensional
The carbon particles produced in the structures)
OLTC Wear metals: copper or bronze, iron, aluminum
wear of bearings of the pumps peeling Weld residue or arc debris (Organic and Metallic)
off metals (from coolers)
SOME IMPORTANT POINTS ON CONTAMINATION
-
OIL-IMPREGNATED CELLULOSIC INSULATION
- -
---CELLULOSE DEGRADATION---
---CELLULOSE DEGRADATION---
CHEMICAL DEGRADATION
(acids, peroxides, O2, H2O, etc.)
INSULATION FAILURE
The Chemistry of Oil Deterioration: --
• Water and oxygen are the most common contaminants always present
in the oil. In the presence of catalysts, oxidation of mineral transformer
oil comprises a whole series of separate chemical reactions, some of
which have little if any relation to the actual sludge precipitation.
Sludge formation is usually looked upon as a secondary reaction
involving condensation or polymerization of previously formed
oxidation products.
• Moisture can enter the insulation system externally via oil, as leak or
as condensation; or internally through the chemical process of
oxidation. In addition to metals, water is also a catalyst in oil
oxidation. All forms of water contain oxygen.
There are 5 processes practiced to achieve the complete drying of wet Power
1. VAPOUR PHASE SYSTEM (OFF LINE)
• CAN BE USED IN WORKSHOP ENVIRONMENT ONLY.
• LOT OF PIPING, GASCUTTING AND BOLTING WORKS REQUIRED.
• REQUIRED TO DISMENTLE THE TRANSFORMER, TRANSPORTING TO WORKSHOP FROM SITE AND BACK
TO SITE FOR RE ERECTION.
• DOWN TIME AND INTERRUPTION.
• MANPOWER REQUIRED.
2. CONVENTIONAL OFF LINE DRY OUT SYSTEM (STREAM LINE FILTER)
• INTERRUPTION REQUIRED.
• LONG TIME MULTIPLE CIRCULATIONS WITH HIGH TEMPERATURE AND VACUUM WILL REMOVE THE
AROMATIC FRACTIONS FROM THE TRANSFORMER OIL (i.e.) NATURAL OXIDITATION INHIBITORS.
• WINDING SHRINKAGE.
• REDUCTION OF WINDING COMPRESSION PRESSURE AFTER MULTICIRCULATIONS.
• FOR MANY TRANSFORMERS JACKING OF WINDING AT SITE POSES CERTAIN RISKS.
• MANPOWER REQUIRED.
• IR & TANDELTA OF INSLUATION CANNOT BE ACHIEVED TO THE DESIRED LEVEL.
3. LOW FREQUENCY HEATING (OFFLINE DRY OUT)
• SERVICE INTERRUPTION.
• WINDING SHRINKAGE.
• CUMBERSOME PROCESS
• MANPOWER REQUIRED.
4. OVEN HEATING DRY OUT
• THIS OPTION INCLUDES SHIPPING AND UN-TANKING.
• DRYING CORE AND COIL IN VACUUM OVEN.
• INSULATION MAY BE IN THE END OF ITS USEFUL LIFE.
• OVER DRYING IN OVEN WOULD CAUSE THE INSULATION TO BECOME MORE BRITTLE. • INCREASE THE
RISK OF INSULATION DAMAGE DURING RE-TANKING.
5. HEATING THE WINDING BY CIRCULATING CURRENT (SHORT CIRCUITING SECONDARY WINDING)
• APPLICABLE ONLY FOR SMALL TRANSFORMERS.
• 1/3 OF NAME PLATE KVA AND IMPEDENCE VOLTAGE IS REQUIRED AT SITE.
• NOT SUITABLE FOR EHV TRANSFORMERS
Fluid
Decontamination
System
1. SYSTEM STATUS
4. INLET PPM
5. OUTLET PPM
6. OIL TEMPERATURE
7. WATER ACTIVITY/RS
8. %M/DWi
Application
New distribution and EHV transformers are typically oil-filled under vaccum. If
the insulating oil has a high total water content, it is also processed through a
heat and vaccum system. Superdri catridges can be used instead of heat and
vaccum to dry the oil.
Repaired transformers are often oil filled under vaccum. Flowing the oil through
Superdri catridges eliminates the need to vaccum process the oil.
Insulating oil in storage tanks, and tankers of oil that have accumulated a high
level of dissolved water can be recirculated and dried to less than 10ppm total
water using Superdri catridges.
Superdri catridges are used for processing oil in other high voltage apparatus
that is sensitive to dissolved water.
Superdri catridges are used to meet processing specifications where dissolved
water sensitive dielectric breakdown voltage test ASTM D-1816 is used, or
required.
•Benefits of the Energized processing with the
Online TDS:-
•Transformer remains in service
•No switching scheduling or costs.
•No transformer downtime.
•No auxiliary power equipment needed.
•Reduced transformer drying expense.
•Less costly compared to heat and vacuum.
•Minimal energy consumption.
•Unattended operation saves labor expense.
•Improved Transformer Condition
•Insulation Tan Delta/IR/PI values improvement after drying.
•Increased BDV/Oil dielectric strength.
•Increased protection from hot spot damage.
•Increased safety margin for higher transformer loading.
•Oil power factor, Sp. Resistivity, IFT and acidity improvement.
•Removing moisture retards insulation degradation.
•Transformer Life extended.
•Oil life extended.
MOISTURE IN SOLID INSULATION
Result
Castrographic failure of Tap changer and in turn transformer
also.
On line On load Tap changer
Filtration System
FO 718 PL 1/2
Removes carbon only.
OLTC oil filtration results using
PTss_Velcon Filters SD-718P3
SITE DETAILS BEFORE AFTER
PPM/BDV PPM/BDV
PGCIL, Jalandhar ICT-2, B-Phase 29.0KV 53.9KV
CO2/CO > 4
High CO2 with low CO – lack of Cooling /general
overheating
Adsorbent Media catridges - Fuller’s Earth
and Activated Alumina
For Gums, Acids and Oxidation products
Function
Application
http://copperindia.org/distribution-transformers/