The world is facing a major problem of Global warming, climate change majorly the increase in

temperature. Many researchers have documented factors like greenhouse gas emission through the burning
of fossil fuels for transportation, building heating and ventilation, industries, etc., which is contributing to
incline in temperature. Among all, the building is consuming a major part of energy produced by Co2e
producing resources, but not building by itself producing Co2e, embodied CO2 is the concern.
To minimize the operating cost, many measures have been taken over to maintain thermal comfort and
visual comfort in indoor environments like Lighting, heating/ cooling, and Ventilation purposes. Most of
the research suggests high reflective envelope, light-colored, high SRI (Solar Reflective Index) materials
to reduce operating cost, but while doing so, the Outdoor environment been given least importance or
Neglected.
As solar radiation, which is reflected from highly reflective surfaces from the building envelop, is playing
a major role in altering the micro climatic condition in an outdoor environment. Most of the building
envelop being of low SHGC ( Solar Heat Gain Coefficient), which means Heat is reflected back to the
environment ( ECBC 2017), in other way , Total heat gain to environment will be 1 – SHGC of the building
envelop. Which means whatever heat not transmitted into the building, is reflected to the outdoor
environment. Which in turn increase the outdoor temperature.
As the outdoor temperature increase, the air film in envelopes will get changed due to change in chemistry
of air. As per the law of thermodynamics, the hot air in open environment tends to move towards the
envelope similarly controlled air tries to escape through the envelope in which more energy is consumed to
maintain the thermal equilibrium.
There is delimited research conjoining the fields of spatial science, building information management, and
Building science. For accurate assessments, site-specific features need to be encompassed within whole
building energy simulations to accurately assess their influence on building operation and vice versa. Other
studies are interaction-based, using occupant’s behaviors to adjust building energy systems.

“Many research concede the impact of exterior climatic and site condition on building, but
practically all fail the impact of buildings on outdoor site condition and its alteration to the
bioclimatic features such as Solar energy, Heat reflectance, thermal emittance, Rise in
temperature near and on surface of building enclosure system, change in chemical and physical
properties of Air around the building and its movement, etc.”.
Before adding mediations into the building and microclimate system for cooling/heating, it is
crucial to have a clear understanding of the heat exchange and transfer between buildings and
surrounding environments. The energy balance in the cities have been revealed by Oke (2002),
and the thermal exchanges between the building and outside environment have also been presented
(La Roche, Quiros, Bravo, Gonzalez, & Machado, 2001). the model for heat exchange and transfer
between buildings and surrounding environments to be studied with the following factors
Direct Solar Radiation, Diffuse solar radiation, Ground reflected solar radiation, envelop heat
conduction, Roof/wall long-wave heat eminence, Occupants and machine heat contribution, waste
heat from electric/light/vehicles/Mechanical Appliances, Heat reflected from building envelop,
façade long-wave heat emittance, stored heat in building and environment.
And Building geometry, shape, Orientation, Material, Location to be studied to mitigate micro-
climate warming.