Unit 11

Dictionary

Adam Khan
A: Antivirus- is a computer program used to prevent, detect, and remove malware.
Access point- is a networking hardware device that allows other Wi-Fi devices to
connect to a wired network. The AP usually connects to a router as a standalone
device, but it can also be an integral component of the router itself.

B: Bluetooth- This is a wireless technology for giving data over a short distance.
Bus topology- is a topology for a Local Area Network (LAN) in which all the nodes
are connected to a single cable. The cable to which the nodes connect is called a
"backbone". If the backbone is broken, the entire segment fails.

C: Computer network- is a set of computers connected together for the purpose of

sharing resources. The most common resource shared today is connection to the
Internet. Other shared resources can include a printer or a file server. The Internet
itself can be considered a computer network.
Central processing unit- is the electronic circuitry within a computer that executes
instructions that make up a computer program. The CPU performs basic arithmetic,
logic, controlling, and input/output operations specified by the instructions.

D: Data packet- is a unit of data made into a single package that travels along a
given network path. Data packets are used in Internet Protocol (IP) transmissions for
data that navigates the Web, and in other kinds of networks.

E: Email- is a method of exchanging messages between people using electronic

devices.
Ethernet- is a family of computer networking technologies commonly used in local
area networks, metropolitan area networks and wide area networks.

F: Firewire- is a method of transferring information between digital devices,

especially audio and video equipment.
Firewall- is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and
outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. A firewall typically
establishes a barrier between a trusted internal network and an untrusted external
network, such as the Internet.
G: Google- is online advertising technologies, search engine, cloud computing,
software, and hardware. It is considered one of the Big Four technology companies,
alongside Amazon, Apple, and Facebook.
Google drive- is a file storage and synchronization service developed by Google. It
allows users to store files on their servers, synchronize files across devices, and
share files.

H: Hub- A HUB connects loads of ethernet cables making them act as a single
segment.
Hotspot- is a physical location where people may obtain Internet access. , typically
using Wi-Fi technology, via a wireless local-area network (WLAN) using a router
connected to an Internet service provider.

I: Internet- is a global computer network providing a variety of information and

communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardised
communication protocols.

J:

K:

L: Local area network- is a computer network that connects computers within a

limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office
building.
Logical topology- is the arrangement of devices on a computer network and how
they communicate with one another. Logical topologies describe how signals act on
the network.

M: Metropolitan area network- is a computer network that connects users with

computer resources in a geographic region of a size of MAN.
Mesh network- is a local network topology in which the infrastructure nodes (i.e.
bridges, switches, and other infrastructure devices) connect directly, dynamically and
non-hierarchically to as many other nodes as possible and cooperate with one
another to efficiently route data from/to clients.
N: Network interface card-is a hardware component typically a circuit board or chip,
which is installed on a computer so that it can connect to a network. Network
interface controllers were commonly implemented on expansion cards that is
plugged into a computer bus.
A NIC has an ethernet cable for connecting to a computer to a wired network. A NIC
can provide a faster and more secure connection than a network card.

O: Operating system- is the most important software that runs on a computer. It

manages the computer's memory and processes, as well as all of its software and
hardware. It also allows you to communicate with the computer without knowing how
to speak the computer's language.

P: Personal area network is a computer network for connecting to devices centered

on an individual workspace. PAN provides data among devices such as computers,
phones, tablets.
Point to point topology- is the simplest topology that connects two nodes directly
together with a common link. The entire bandwidth of the common link is reserved
for transmission between those two nodes.
Physical topology- is the way you physically lay out the network and the logical
topology is the way the information flows on the network. Usually, the physical and
logical topology is the same, but sometimes they can differ, such as in a physical
star/logical ring topology. A physical topology describes how network devices are
physically connected - in other words, how devices are actually plugged into each
other. We're talking about cables, wireless connectivity, and more.

Q:

R: Router- A router has a lot more capabilities than other network devices, such as
hub, switch that are only able to perform basic network functions. For example, a
hub is often used to transfer data between computers or network devices, but does
not analyze or do anything with the data it is transferring. Routers can analyse the
data being sent over a network.
Ring topology- is a network configuration in which device connections create a
circular data path. Each networked device is connected to two others, like points on
a circle. Together, devices in a ring topology are referred to as a ring network.
S: Switch- is a hardware that connects on a computer network by using packet
switching to receive data to a certain point.
Star topology- is a topology for a Local Area Network (LAN) in which all nodes are
individually connected to a central connection point, like a hub or a switch. A star
takes more cable than e.g. a bus, but the benefit is that if a cable fails, only one node
will be brought down.

T: Topology- is the arrangement of the elements (links, nodes,) of a

communication network. A wide variety of physical topologies have been used in
LANs, including ring, bus, mesh and star. Conversely, mapping the data flow
between the components determines the logical topology of the network.
Token rings- is a local area network (LAN) in which all computers are connected in a
ring or star topology and pass one or more logical tokens from host to host. Only a
host that holds a token can send data, and tokens are released when receipt of the
data is confirmed.
Tree topology- is a special type of structure in which many connected elements are
arranged like the branches of a tree. For example, tree topologies are frequently
used to organize the computers in a corporate network, or the information in a
database.

U:

V:

W: A wireless network is a type of a computer network that uses data connections

between network devices. Wireless network is a method by which homes may use to
get a connection. It is used by radio system and by that it is easier to connect from
just by using a password.
Wide area network- is a telecommunications network that may expand over large
geographical area for the primary purpose of computer networking. WAN are with
leased circuits. WAN could be expensive due to connecting to different area
networks. All of the other networks connect with MAN to make it wide.
Wired network- It's a common type of wired arrangement, so by using the ethernet
cable to transfer data between PCs or computer devices. In small networks a single
router can connect to all computers.In a small wired network, a single router may be
used to connect all the computers. Larger networks often involve multiple routers or
switches that connect to each other.
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Y:

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