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Software Description
3.1 Introduction to Software:
We are using Arduino for generating PWM signal to control our switching circuit. Here is a
slight intro about Arduino and PWM signal.
It is an open source controller hardware and software integrated. Arduino can perform many
functions by reading the input. We can use our board to make various outputs by using the
micro-controller programming language. Algorithm depends upon your approach and the wiring
you used. To use it we have to use IDE software.
Arduino is used by students, professionals and others to perform various functions for their
projects daily which includes simple and complex instructions as well.
Arduino was born at the Ivrea Interaction Design Institute as an easy tool for fast prototyping.
All Arduino boards are completely open-source, providing its user the ability to fulfill a set of
instructions according to their needs and adapt accordingly. This is open source and hence used
widely over all the world.
PWM works with progression of DC square wave with zero to one ratio. The on time of PWM can be
very somewhere in 0 to 100%.Now, the varied power is transferred to the load, if it is passed through
the filter the given voltage would be proportional to PWM.
Figure 1: PWM Duty Cycle
Arduino IDE is software that carries a text editor for writing code and a series of toolbars to help
refine our code. The codes written in IDE are called as sketches. The sketches are typed in text
editor. Message area gives feedback as to what is happening, it can display errors. The screen
displays text form output by Arduino IDE, including error messages and other related
information. The toolbar buttons permit us to confirm and upload programs or create and save
sketches, and open the serial monitor for further details. Arduino IDE provides software library
from wiring project which give many procedures of common input and output. [9]
Figure 2: Software Interface
Open the Arduino software. This shows the menu bar with file, functions, open, save and setting
options.
Resistive power control circuit is not power efficient so mostly PWM controller circuits are used.
If a PWM signal is passed through a filter, the resultant output is the dc voltage which varies
proportionally with the duty cycle of the PWM.The Arduino is working here for producing for
control signals for driver circuitry. We have two square waves and two level PWM at 180
degrees which are out of phase. For controller to give the desired output it has to be
programmed. This is a simple concept implemented with Arduino. For instance, we have 50Hz
sinusoid with unity magnitude and it is multiplied by impulse train of 5000Hz so we have
complete cycle of sinusoid contains 100 impulses 5000Hz can be produce in the same fashion. [4]