P525/2

CHEMISTRY
Paper 2
Apr. 2019
21/2 hours

Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education

S.5 Promotional Examinations 2 of 7

CHEMISTRY

Paper 2

2 hours 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

Answer all the questions.

Begin each question on a fresh page.
Mathematical tables and graph papers are provided.
Non-programmable scientific electronic calculators may be used.
Use equations where necessary to illustrate your answers.
(Where necessary use H = 1; C = 12; O = 16; Na = 23).

⃝2019
c Chemistry Dept Turn Over
1. Carbon, silicon, tin and lead belong to Group IV of the Periodic Table.
(a) Explain the trend in
(i) electropositivity of the elements. (31/2 marks)
(ii) stability of oxidation states. (21/2 marks)
(b) Describe the reactions of the elements with water. (06 marks)
(c) Describe the reaction of the chlorides with water. (05 marks)
(d) Write equation for the reaction between
(i) lead(IV) oxide and concentrated hydrochloric acid. (11/2 marks)
(ii) lead(IV) oxide and hot concentrated hydrochloric acid. (11/2 marks)
2. Potassium manganate(VII) is not used as a primary standard in volumetric
analysis and has to be standardized.
(a) (i) What is meant by the term primary standard? (02 marks)
(ii) State three characteristics of a primary standard. (03 marks)
(iii) Explain why potassium manganate(VII) is not used as a primary
standard. (02 marks)
(iv) Name one substance which can be used as a primary standard for
potassium manganate(VII). (01 mark )
(b) Explain why hydrochloric acid is not usually used to acidify solution of
manganate(VII). (02 marks)
(c) 21.4g of hydrated sodium carbonate, Na2 CO3 .nH2 O, was dissolved in
water to make one litre of solution. 25.0cm3 of this solution required
18.7cm3 of 0.2M standard hydrochloric acid solution for complete
neutralisation. Calculate the value of n. (06 marks)
(d) Substance X dissolved in water to form a yellow solution.
When aqueous sodium hydroxide was added drop-wise to the solution,
a brown solid insoluble in excess alkali was formed.
(i) Identify the cation in X. (01 mark )
(ii) Name one reagent that can be used to confirm the cation you have
identified in (d)(i) and state what would be observed if a solution
of X is reacted with the reagent. (02 marks)
(iii) Write an ionic equation for the reaction leading to the formation
of the brown solid. (01 mark )

2
3. Complete the following equations and in each case outline a mechanism for
the reaction.
EtO– /EtOH
(a) CH3 CH2 CH2 Cl . (02 marks)
Heat
OH
conc.H2 SO4
(b) CH3 C..HCH3 . (04 marks)
Heat
H+ /H2 O
(c) CH3 CH−CH2 . (04 marks)
Br2 /CCl4
(d) CH3 CH−CH2 . (03 marks)
Cl2 /KI(aq)
(e) CH3 CH−CHCH3 . (03 marks)
Cl2 /H2 O
(f) CH3 CH2 CH−CH2 . (04 marks)
4. (a) (i) State what is meant by the term colligative property. (02 marks)
(ii) State the colligative properties of a solution. (04 marks)
(b) Explain the meaning of the term mole fraction. (02 marks)
(c) 2g of a compound Z, C10 H8 in 25g of a solvent forms a solution with
vapour pressures.

Vapour pressure (Nm−2 ) 1400 1100 800 500

Mole fraction of Z in the solution 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

(i) Plot a graph of vapour pressure against mole fraction of the

compound. (04 marks)
(ii) From the graph determine the vapour pressure of the pure
solvent. (01 mark )
(d) (i) What is meant by the term relative lowering of vapour
pressure? (02 marks)
(ii) State Raoult’s law of relative lowering of vapour pressure . (02 marks)
(iii) The vapour pressure of water is 14200Pa at 100◦C. The vapour
pressure of 1% solution of sucrose is 14150Pa. Calculate the relative
molecular mass of the sucrose. (03 marks)

3 Turn Over
5. 12cm3 of a gaseous hydrocarbon W (formula mass = 42 )were exploded
with excess oxygen and after cooling to the original temperature, 72cm3 of
gas remained. The volume was reduced to 36cm3 on shaking the gas with
potassium hydroxide solution.
(a) Determine the molecular formula of W. (02 marks)
(b) Write the structural formulae and I.U.P.A.C names of all the possible
isomers of W. (03 marks)
(c) W turns brown bromine solution in tetrachloromethane colourless.
Identify W. (01 mark )
(d) Discuss the reaction of W with
(i) hydrogen bromide. (04 marks)
(ii) concentrated sulphuric acid. (04 marks)
(iii) water. (02 marks)
(e) Write equations to show how W may be converted to
CH3 (CH2 )4 CH2 Cl. (04 marks)

4 END