ALVIN JOHN J.

DE LACRUZ BSIS-1B January 14, 2020

ASSIGNMENT #1

1. How is data different from information?

Ans. Data is raw, unorganized facts that need to be processed. It can be something simple
and seemingly random and useless until it is organized. While, information is when data is
processed, organized, structured or presented in a given context so as to make it useful.

2. Identify and briefly define six characteristics that describe the quality of data.

Ans. Accuracy - data should be sufficiently accurate for the intended use and should be
captured only once, although it may have multiple uses.
Validity - data should be recorded and used in compliance with relevant requirements,
including the correct application of any rules or definitions. This will ensure consistency
between periods and with similar organizations, measuring what is intended to be measured.
Reliability - data should reflect stable and consistent data collection processes across
collection points and over time. Progress toward performance targets should reflect real
changes rather than variations in data collection approaches or methods.
Timeliness - data should be captured as quickly as possible after the event or activity and must
be available for the intended use within a reasonable time period. Data must be available
quickly and frequently enough to support information needs and to influence service or
management decisions.
Relevance - data captured should be relevant to the purposes for which it is to be used. This
will require a periodic review of requirements to reflect changing needs.
Completeness - data requirements should be clearly specified based on the information needs
of the organization and data collection processes matched to these requirements.

3. Identify components of computer system and briefly define each.

Ans. Input Units - Input unit is used for transfers’ raw Data and control signals into
the information processing system by the user before processing and computation. All the
input unit devices provide the instructions and data are transformed into binary codes that is
the primary memory acceptable format.
Memory or Storage unit - is used for storing Data during before and after processing. The
capacity of storage is expressed in terms of Bytes.
Output Unit - receives information from the CPU and then delivers it the external storage or
device in the soft or hard processed form. The devices which are used to display output to the
user are called output devices. The Monitor or printer is common output device.
Central Processing Unit - the main chip in a computer is the microprocessor chip, which is also
known as the CPU (central processing unit). The CPU is mounted on a printed circuit board
called the main board or mother board. This chip is considered to be the controlling chip of a
computer system since it controls the activities of other chips as well as outside devices
connected to the computer, such as monitor and printer.
4. What is the difference between information technology from information systems?

Ans. Information systems have been in existence since pre-mechanical era in form of books,
drawings, etc. Information systems have undergone great deal of evolution, i.e. from manual
record keeping to the current cloud storage system. Businesses have been using information
systems for example in form of manual books of accounts to modern tally. The mode of
communication has also gone under big change, for example, from a letter to email. However,
information technology is mostly associated with invention of computers. It is seeing constant
changes with evermore faster processor and constantly shrinking size of storage devices.
Information technology has helped drive efficiency across organization with improved
productivity and precision manufacturing.

5. What is operating system? Give examples.

Ans. An operating system (OS), in its most general sense, is software that allows a user to run
other applications on a computing device. While it is possible for a software application to
interface directly with hardware, the vast majority of applications are written for an OS, which
allows them to take advantage of common libraries and not worry about specific hardware
details.
Examples of Operating System
 DOS - Disk Operating System
 Windows - The Windows operating system
 MacOS – Macintosh
 Unix - Linux (the PC version of Unix)
 Google’s android OS
 Apple iOS

6. What is application software? Give examples.

Ans. Application software is a program or group of programs designed for end users.
Examples of Application Software

 MS Word, WordPad and Notepad

 Firefox, Safari, and Chrome
 Microsoft Power Point, Keynotes
 Auto CAD
 MySQL, Oracle, MS Access
 Apple Numbers, Microsoft Excel