V.

Transition Words
EASTERN BACOOR NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL  These are phrases or words used to
Aisle St. Queensrow Central, City of Bacoor, Cavite connect one idea to the next.
 It also shows the relationship within a
4TH QUARTER REVIEWER paragraph (or within a sentence)
(ENGLISH 10) between the main idea and the support
I. Sources of Information the author gives for those ideas.
TYPE FUNCTION
Primary Source Secondary Source Under To denote position or condition (preposition)
(Second-hand information or an account Meanwhile To present condition
(First- hand happened in the past and which is Beside To show emphasis
information and already processed by means of analysis First To give order
accounts) and evaluation ) Once upon To begin a story narration and show time
a time element in a story
e.g. letters, e.g. dictionary, history textbooks and
As a result To give result or effect
diaries and encyclopaedias.
artifacts While To signal conflict (adversative transition)
Than To show comparison
Terminology Definition
Through To denote position or condition (preposition)
PRELIMINARIES It has essential parts such as table of
contents, abstract and title page. Reading Passage:
It is the major part of the research Once upon a time, there lived a family of
INTRODUCTION report that contains background bears in a lovely wooded area. Their home was
information about the subject matter under some trees beside a small stream. One
and explains the purpose of dealing day, while the bears were not at home, a little girl
with that study. came to the house. First, she knocked on the
It is a list of references which includes door. Even though no one answered her knock,
BIBLIOGRAPHY entries that serve as acknowledgement she entered the house. Then, she ate some of the
for other people and their works bears' food, and she napped on one of their beds.
AUTHOR’S This part should be considered first in Meanwhile, the bears returned home. They were
SURNAME writing a single-author bibliography. surprised to see their door open. Their roars woke
This is use to separate more than 7 up the girl, and she fearfully ran from the house
COMMA(,) entries for an author. through the woods, and back to her own home.
As a result of her experiences, she never again
It gives the summary of the report and
went into the woods alone.
ABSTRACT it is usually limited to 100-150 or 150-
250 words. VI. Vocabulary Development
II. Technical Terms in Research TERMINOLOGY DEFINITION
PERPLEXED (Adj.) Causes to be puzzled
Terminology Definition
TAME (Verb) No longer wild
This is a set of rules of behavior that we
ETHICS follow to be morally good and upright. BURROW (Noun) A hole dug as a living
space by small animals
This is the process of copying the work of
RITE (Noun) A ceremonial act
PLAGIARISM another person without giving him/her
credit. ESSENTIAL (Adj.) Necessary; important

RESPONSIBLE A situation when discriminating a group EMBARRASS (Verb) To cause to feel self-
consciousness
SPEAKING of individuals when publicly speaking
should not be done.
NEGLECT (Verb) to fail to give the proper
care or attention
MAIL This is one of the examples of a job title SIGH (Verb) To take a deep audible
COURIER which is responsibly termed and breath
(Mailman) politically correct. Reading Literature
This is the most important component or The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupery
CREDIBILITY requirement of the ethics as an effective
public speaker The story begins with a pilot who has just crash
landed in the Sahara Desert, as he is working on his plane
III. Delivering Campaign Speeches
he is interrupted by what appears to be a child with unruly
blonde hair who has appeared out of nowhere. The Little
IV. Identify the Qualities of a Good Literature Prince as he is referred to, asks the pilot for a drawing of a
Review Matrix sheep. The pilot is somewhat hesitant having explained that
Labeling- the names of the first authors of each study when he was a child he had been discouraged by adults to
appear across the top of the matrix. pursue drawing but rather focus on serious things like
Comparison- this gives you a bird’s- eye view of how the History. Eventually he grants the Little Prince’s request and
authors’ ideas relate to other authors’ ideas. they become friends in the eight days that they are together.
Limitation – this limits the amount of information you He eventually comes to Earth where he ventures upon a
have to work with to write your paper. rose garden, he is surprised to find that his rose isn’t the only
rose around as she had claimed. This encounter only makes
Note-taking- As you read the research, make brief notes
him long for his rose more. He also encounters a fox, who
in the blank cells about ideas that address your research
gives the Little Prince wise lessons about humans and life.
question.
Than he comes upon a poisonous snake that assures him
(Location)- You will create a reference list as you read that he can help get him back home. The story ends with the
the articles Little Prince deciding to return to his home planet with the
aide of the poisonous snake. As he prepares to be bitten by
the snake he tells the sadden pilot that the stars will always
serve to be a reminder of him. The stars will appear to be
laughing at him, a reminder of the Little Prince’s laughter.
 Antoine de Saint-Exupery

 A French writer and aviator. He was born in Lyon

and educated at the University of Fribourg. He VII. Figures of Speech
joined the French Air Force in 1921 and became  We use figures of speech in "figurative
a commercial pilot in1926. language" to add color and interest, and to
awaken the imagination of the readers.
2 Types of Characters in Fictional and Non-  It helps to explain abstract ideas by creating
Fictional Literature comparisons or other relationships between
the abstraction and concrete realities.
Round or Dynamic- A persona who changes
over time, usually as a result of resolving TYPE DEFINITION EXAMPLE
a central conflict or facing a major crisis. Repetition of an “Peter Piper
Static- A persona who does not change over Alliteration initial consonant picked a pickled
sound pepper.”
time; his or her personality does not
Paradox It appears to “Ï am nobody”
transform nor evolve through time. contradict itself
It substitutes to
A Martian Sends a Postcard Home by Craig Raine an object and to Will you give me a
Metonymy what the speaker hand?
Understanding of the speaker and audience of this is trying to say.
poem is critical in grasping its meaning. It is written from the Its meaning is
perspective of an alien on Earth sending a message back to contradicted by Oh great! Now
its home planet, so everyday occurrences are described in Irony the appearance you have broken
strange ways. Raine describes books, fog, cars, clocks, or presentation of my new camera
phones, bathrooms, and sleeping throughout the poem in the idea or to
unconventional ways. The “Caxton” pertains to books express sarcasm.
particularly to literary writer named William Caxton. He It makes a
reference to a Guess! who is the
compares them to “birds with many wings” because of their
Allusion place, person, or Newton in this
pages and because of the way they “perch on the hand.” It something that school?
also highlighted the way Raine describes clocks and time. happened.
He says it’s “tied to the wrist...ticking with impatience.” This The rise of
is the way many people treat time: as something to be kept poverty will unlock
and measured. Time almost has a negative connotation, the Pandora’s box
which the alien doesn’t understand. On the other hand, it of crimes.
describes Raine’s depiction of sleep and dreams. He says: It has an
“at night, when all the colors die, they hide in pairs and read understatement
about themselves—in color, with their eyelids shut.” It in which an It was not a
relates back to the beginning of the poem when he Litotes affirmative is terrible trip
compares dreaming to reading, but he also contrasts the expressed by
lack of color in the rest of the world to the color that exists in negating its
our minds while we dream. opposite.
Two opposite I need the original
terms or words copy of this
Oxymoron are combined to document by
Craig Raine create a tomorrow
contrasting idea.
 He was educated at Oxford. He is a poet, a Just as a sword is
A logical the weapon of a
novelist, and recently the poetry editor of Faber Analogy argument. warrior, a pen is
and Faber, and an academic at New College, the weapon of a
Oxford, where he is now Professor Emeritus. In writer.
addition, his first collection of poetry was The use of the The sun quietly
Imagery body senses to settles down at
published in 1978. describe the Manila Bay
something.

POETIC LINE OBJECT/IMAGE

At night, when all the colors die, Sight
they hide in pairs
and read about themselves –
Sleeping Couple
in color, with their eyelids shut.
Only the young are allowed to suffer
openly. Adults go to a punishment room
IMAGERY
Comfort Room
with water but nothing to eat.
They lock the door and suffer the noises Hearing Why is using Touch
sensory details
But time is tied to the wrist Clock/Watch important in your
or kept in a box, ticking with impatience.
writing?
Model T is a room with the lock inside – Car
a key is turned to free the world
Simply because
Caxtons are mechanical birds with many
it engages the
wings and some are treasured for their
markings – they cause the eyes to melt
Books reader itself.
or the body to shriek without pain.
In homes, a haunted apparatus sleeps,
that snores when you pick it up.
Telephone Smell Taste
If the ghost cries, they carry it
to their lips and soothe it to sleep
e.g.
1. “Gregory’s eye turned next to the window,
and the overcast sky- one could hear
raindrops beating on the window gutter-
made him quite melancholy.”, What sensory
imagery does Franz Kafka use in this
passage from his short story, The
‘Metamorphosis’?
Answer: Sight and Hearing (Sound)
2. ‘No doubt I now grew very pale- but I
talked more fluently, and with heightened
voice. Yet the sound increases- and what
could I do? It was low, dull, quick sound-
much such a sound as a watch make when
enveloped in cotton. I gasped for breath – yet
the officers heard it not,’ –What imagery does
Edgar Allan Poe use in this extract from the
story, ‘The Tell Tale Heart’?
Answer: Auditory (Sound) and
Metaphor
(*Since comparison is given and visible but
there is an absence of ‘like’ ’and ‘as’
therefore it is a metaphor)
3. ‘He was not interested in the snow, when
he got off the freight, one early evening
during the depression; Sergeant never even
noticed the snow. But he must have felt it
seeping on his neck, cold, wet, sopping in
his shoes.’ – What imagery does Langston
Hughes use in this excerpt from his short
story, ‘On the Road’?
Answer: Sense of Touch (Touch
To Argue 4. The presidential candidates for this
coming National Election should not buy the
votes of the people. In fact, it has been recorded
by the PPCRV (Parish Pastoral Council for
Responsible Voting) that vote buying is actually
rampant every election whether it is local or
national.
VIII. The Development of Literature
a. Setting: Hogwarts
b. Notable Characters: Ron and Hermione
c. Conflict: The Dark Lord spreads fear
and death.
a. Setting: Erandel (Kingdom of Erandel)
b. Notable Characters: Anna and Elsa
c. Conflict: The whole land is frozen.
a. Setting: Far Far Away
b. Notable Characters: Fiona and Shrek
c. Conflict: The fairy godmother plans to
overturn the kingdom.
a. Setting: Narnia
b. Notable Character: Pevensies
c. Conflict: The evil white witch rules
over it.
a. Setting: Notre Dame
b. Notable Character: Esmeralda
c. Conflict: The social upheaval is about
to rise.

To To To To
INFORM PERSUADE ENTERTAIN ARGUE ----------00----------00----End-----00----------00------
It aims to It aims to let It aims to It aims to
provide the readers expose a present a
relevant be convinced certain topic claim for
and clear & make an which is a certain
ideas. action out of entertaining. issue.
it.

e.g.
To Entertain1. Bathed in the sunlight of the
morning that made the waters of the river sparkle
and the breezes rustle in the bending bamboo on
its banks, there she goes with her white silhouette
throwing out great clouds of smoke – the Ship of
State, so the joke runs, also has the vice of
smoking.

To Inform 2. Three soldiers died in an encounter

with rebels in the secluded town of Parang in
Maguindanao early morning Tuesday.

To Persuade 3. The youth shall vote the rightful

presidential candidate who has the ability not only
to rule the people but also to rule the Filipino
character.