Multiple Choice Questions

(MCQ’s)
On
ENGINEERING
METROLOGY

CERTIFICATE COURSE IN
CNC MILLING (CCCM)
AND
CERTIFICATE COURSE IN
CNC TURNING (CCCT)

Submitted By:
Jaskaran Singh
Teaching Assistant
Central Tool Room, Ludhiana
1. The degree of closeness of the measured value of a certain quantity with its true value is
known as
a. Accuracy b. Precision c. Standard d. Sensitivity

2. Error of measurement =
a. True value – Measured value b. Precision – True value
c. Measured value – Precision d. None of the above

3. The following is an internationally recognized and accepted unit system

a. MKS b. FPS c. SI d. All of the above

4. The following is a line standard of measurement

a. Measuring tape b. Slip gauge c. Micrometer d. End bars

5. _____ is equal to the differences of the two limits of size of the part
a. Tolerance b. Low limit c. High limit d. Design size

6. To check external diameter of hole, we use

a. Plug gauge b. Ring gauge
c. Slip gauge d. Standard screw pitch gauge

7. ‘GO’ and ‘NO GO’ gauge is a type of

a. Plug gauge b. Slip gauge c. Ring gauge d. Limit gauge

8. The following is not used to measure angles

a. Bevel protector’s b. Calibrated levels
c. Clinometers d. Optical flats

9. The study of scientific metrology deals with

a. Accuracy and methods of measurement
b. Standard specifications
c. Theories related to nature
d. All of the above

10. Which of the following is not a type of direct measuring instrument?

a. Micrometer b. Vernier caliper c. Divider d. All of the above

11. A micrometer screw gauge is precise to ________?

a. 0.005 mm b. 0.1 mm c. 0.05 mm d. 0.01 mm

12. In a micrometer screw gauge, the ratchet is used to

a. Turn the circular scale wrong b. Lock the spindle
c. Correct the zero error d. Apply the correct pressure

13. When the length is measured as the distance between two parallel lines, this standard is
called _______.
 a. Line Standard b. End Standard
c. Wave Standard d. None of these

14. When the distance is measured as a separation of two parallel surfaces, then this is called
_______.
a. Line Standard b. End Standard
c. Wave Standard d. None of these

15. The result of every measurement is denoted in

a. Unit b. Gauge c. Magnitude

16. The maximum amount by which the result differs from the True Value is called ____.
a. Correction b. Discrepancy
c. Error d. Accuracy

17. The number of Slip Gauges in a set are

a. 87 b. 31 c. 45 d. All of these sets are available

18. Circular Scale on the micrometer is marked on

a. Anvil b. Barrel c. Ratched d. Thumble

19. Constant measuring pressure in micrometer is ensured by

a. Lock Nut b. Barrel & Thimble
c. Spindle d. Ratched

20. The Slip Gauge was introduced by __________ engineer.

a. Swedish b. German
c. British d. American

21. The Slip Gauge is example of ________ of length.

a. Line Standard b. End Standard
c. Wave Standard d. None of these

22. For angular measurement, the ________ are used with Sine bar.
a. Slip Gauge b. Calipers
c. Scale d. Micrometer

23. The NPL gauge interferometer is designed & used for

a. Absolute measurement of length of slip gauges.
b. Judging features of surface
c. Comparing height with a standard reference
d. Measurement of fringe displacement.
24. Which of the following is true for uses of comparators?
a) Can’t be used in mass production
b) Not suitable for inspection purposes
c) Can be used as working gauge
d) Slow rate of working

25. From which category ‘Sigma comparator’ belongs?

a) Optical comparator
b) Mechanical comparator
c) Mechanical-optical comparator
d) Pneumatic comparator

26. What is the advantage of mechanical comparator over others?

a) Less moving parts
b) No need of external supply
c) No error due to parallax
d) Large range of instrument

27. Which of the following option is correct regarding characteristics of comparators?

a) Minimum inertia
b) Minimum compensation for temperature effect
c) High measuring pressure
d) Minimum versatility

28. Which of the following is not correct for pneumatic comparator?

a) Independent of operator skill
b) Loss of accuracy due to gauge wear
c) Speedy operation
d) Total life cost is less

29. Which of the following is not correct for pneumatic comparator?

a) Independent of operator skill
b) Loss of accuracy due to gauge wear
c) Speedy operation
d) Total life cost is less

30. In Back pressure type pneumatic gauge, there are two orifices. What is the relationship
between upstream pressure of first orifice and pressure between two orifices?
a) Depends upon the distance between two orifice
b) Depends upon relative size of orifice
c) Only on geometric area of first orifice
d) Distance between pressure source and first orifice
31. Function of transducer is to convert
a. Electrical signal into non electrical quantity
b. Non electrical quantity into electrical signal
c. Electrical signal into mechanical quantity
d. All of these

32. Potentiometer transducers are used for the measurement of

a. Pressure
b. Displacement
c. Humidity
d. Both (a) and (b)

33. Thermistor is a transducer. Its temperature coefficient is

a. Negative
b. Positive
c. Zero
d. None of these

34. The transducer used for the measurements is/are

a. Resistance temperature detectors
b. Thermistors
c. Ultrasonic
d. All of these

35. For the measurement of pressure the instruments used can be

a. Mechanical
b. Electro-mechanical
c. Electronic
d. All of these

36. What is the difference between CMM and UMM?

a) UMM can’t inspect geometrical features while CMM does it
b) CMM is more accurate than UMM but can’t inspect geometrical features
c) UMM is more accurate than CMM and can inspect geometrical features
d) CMM is more accurate than UMM but can’t inspect geometrical features

37. Which type of standard is UMM for calibration of hole location gauges?
a) Primary standard
b) Secondary standard
c) Basic standard
d) Reference standard
38. Which of the following is used to locate awkward shaped work pieces in UMM?
a) Swinging table
b) Tilt table
c) Rotary table
d) Angular table

39. Which of the following is used to measure macro-circuit components in UMM?

a) Telescope
b) Microscope
c) Probe tip
d) Capstan

40. Which of the following are the foundations of mechanical accuracy in UMM?
a) Geometry and length
b) Roundness, geometry and length
c) Geometry, division of circle and length
d) Roundness, geometry, division of circle and length

41. Which of the following option is true for given statements about UMM?
Statement 1: Measurement on CMM is faster than UMM.
Statement 2: UMM can resolve the exact nature of error of features of all parts.
a) T, T b) F, T c) T, F d) F, F

42. Which of the following is not true for UMM?

a) Less skilled operator is needed
b) It is a slow machine
c) Used as a special purpose machine in metrology laboratories
d) A valuable machine for comparing master gauges and length standards

43. Which of the following is a foundation of all geometrical accuracy?

a) Vertical plane
b) Flat plane
c) Rough plane
d) Oblique plane

44. Which of the following instrument is of the highest accuracy?

a) Digital length gauge
b) Inside micrometer
c) Universal measuring instrument
d) Universal height micrometer

45. Which of the following option is incorrect about universal measuring instrument?
a) Twin digital display is present
b) Highly skilled operator is required
 c) Computation capabilities
d) Automatically sense diameter of bores

46. What is the permissible measuring speed in universal measuring instrument for error free
reading?
a) 1 m/sec
b) 1 mm/sec
c) 1 cm/sec
d) 2 cm/sec

47. What precise movement does CMM have?

a) Precise movement in x coordinate
b) Precise movement in x and y coordinates
c) Precise movement in y and z coordinates
d) Precise movement in x, y and z coordinates

48. Which type of CMM is most suited for large heavy workpieces?
a) Cantilever type
b) Bridge type
c) Horizontal boring mill type
d) Floating bridge type

49. Which direction is sensed by linear measurement transducer used in CMM?

a) Positive direction only
b) Negative direction only
c) Both positive and negative direction
d) Not used to sense directions

50. What is the accuracy of present day co-ordinate measuring machine?

a) 10 microns
b) 5 microns
c) 2 microns
d) 1 micron

51. Which of the following is caused by careless handling?

a) Systematic error
b) Gross error
c) Random error
d) None of the mentioned

52. ‘A system will be error free if we remove all systematic error’. Is this statement true or
false?
a) True b) False
53. Which of the following is not a fundamental quantity?
a) Length
b) Angle
c) Time
d) Luminous intensity

54. Which of the following error is caused by poor calibration of instrument?

a) Random error
b) Gross error
c) Systematic error
d) Precision error

55. How systematic errors are eliminated?

a) Frequent measurement
b) Replacement of instrument
c) Finding mean of reading
d) Finding variance of reading

56. ‘Zero error is an indication of instrumental error’. Is the statement true or false?
a) True b) False

57. The systematic errors of an instrument can be reduced by making

a. The sensitivity of instrument to environmental input as low as possible
b. The sensitivity of instrument to environmental input as high as possible
c. Systematic errors does not depend on the sensitivity of instrument
d. None of these

58. Suitable method for the reduction of systematic errors is/are

a. Instrument must be designed carefully
b. By introducing an equal and opposite environmental input for compensating the effect
of environmental input in a measurement system
c. By adding high gain feedback to measurement system
d. All of these

59. If the instrument is used in wrong manner while application, then it will results in
a. Systematic error
b. Instrument error
c. Random error
d. Environmental error

60. Random errors in a measurement system are due to

a. Environmental changes
b. Use of uncalibrated instrument
 c. Poor cabling practices
d. Unpredictable effects

61. In a measurement system,

a. A single measurement components may have both random errors and systematic errors
b. A measurement system consists of several components with each component having
separate errors
c. Both the statement (a) & (b) are true
d. Neither statement (a) nor statement (b) are true

62. Error that occurs due to equally affected measurements is called

a. random error
b. systematic error
c. frequent error
d. precision

63. Error that occurs during measurement of quantities is

a. random error
b. systematic error
c. frequent error
d. both a and b

64. Systematic error occurred due to poor calibration of instrument that can be corrected by
a. taking several readings
b. replacing instruments
c. taking mean of values
d. taking median of values

65. Who gave the fundamental principle of straightness measurement?

a) Bryan
b) Moire
c) Euler
d) Amedeo

66. Which of the following represents the quality of straightness in precision engineering?
a) Spirit level
b) Straight edge
c) Autocollimator
d) Dial indicator

67. What is the tolerance of the straightness of a line?

a) Maximum deviation from the straight line joining two extremities
b) Maximum deviation from the middle point of straight line joining two extremities
 c) Minimum deviation from the straight line joining two extremities
d) Minimum deviation from the middle point of straight line joining two extremities

68. Which of the following is true for measurement of surface roughness?

a) 3 dimensional geometry can be easily measured
b) Direction of measurement is perpendicular to the lay
c) Direction of measurement is parallel to the lay
d) Direction of measurement is parallel to the direction of the predominant surface
marking

69. Which of the following parameter is important for specifying surface roughness?
a) Size of irregularity
b) Spacing of irregularity
c) Height of irregularities
d) Height, spacing and form of irregularities

70. What is meant by roughness?

a) Minute succession of hills of different height
b) Minute succession of valleys and hills of different height and varied spacing
c) Minute succession of valleys and hills of same height and same gap
d) Minute succession of valleys of different depth

71. Flank is a __________

a) line
b) point
c) distance
d) surface

72. For acme thread the angle between the two flanks is ____
a) 55 degrees
b) 47.5 degrees
c) 29 degrees
d) 45 degrees

73. According to Taylor's principle which type of gauge checks both size and geometric
features?
a. Go gauge
b. No go gauge
c. Both a. and b.
d. None of the above

74. What is used to measure the major diameter of an external thread?

a. Bench micrometer
b. Thread micrometer
 c. One wire method
d. All of the above

75. Which type of threads is used to transmit power in one direction?

a. Square threads
b. Buttress threads
c. Both a. and b.
d. None of the above

76. The amount by which the actual size of a shaft is less than the actual size of mating hole
in an assembly
a. Clearance
b. Interference
c. Allowance
d. None of the above

77. A positive allowance will always result in a _____ fit.

a. Clearance
b. Interference
c. both ‘a’ and ‘b’
d. Any of the above

78. A negative allowance will always result in a _____ fit.

a. Clearance
b. Interference
c. Transition
d. Any of the above

79. ‘GO’ and ‘NO GO’ gauge is a type of

a. plug gauge
b. slip gauge
c. ring gauge
d. limit gauge

80. The following is not used to measure angles

a. Bevel protectors
b. Calibrated levels
c. Clinometers
d. Optical flats

81. The following is not a method to find effective thread diameter

a. Thread micrometer
b. Two wire method
c. Three wire method
 d. The v-piece method

82. What type of thread is formed on female screw gauge?

a) External thread
b) Internal thread
c) Both internal and external
d) Major screw thread

83. Which of the following is not a name of major diameter of external thread?
a) Outside diameter
b) Crest diameter
c) Full diameter
d) Cone diameter

84. What is the alternative name of functional diameter?

a) Cone diameter
b) Virtual diameter
c) Root diameter
d) Inside diameter

85. What is thread per inch in screw thread?

a) Pitch in inches
b) Axial distance moved by threaded part
c) Reciprocal of pitch in inches
d) Radial distance moved by threaded part

86. Which of the following is not true about effective diameter?

a) Also known as pitch diameter
b) It decides quality of fit between nut and screw
c) This is the diameter of minor cylinder
d) It is a very important dimension for screw threads

87. Flanks of the threads connect the crest with the roots.
a) True
b) False

88. The gears are used to connect two parallel shafts except
a. Spur gear
b. Helical gear
c. Double helical gears
d. Bevel gears

89. The gears used to connect non-parallel and non-intersecting shafts is

a. Straight bevel gears
 b. Spiral bevel gears
c. Spiral gears
d. Double helical gears

90. To connect two intersecting shafts we use

a. Spur gear
b. Helical gear
c. Worm and wheel
d. Bevel gears

91. The gear used to convert rotary motion into translating motion is
a. Worm and wheel
b. Crown gear
c. Rack and pinion
d. Spiral Bevel gear

92. Which of the following type of gear has inclined teeth?

a. Spur gear
b. Helical gear
c. Spiral gear
d. All of the above

93. The point of contact of two pitch circles of mating gears is called
a. Pressure point
b. Pitch point
c. Module
d. Contact point

94. The circular pitch of a gear is given by

a. πd/t
b. πd/2t
c. 2πd/t
d. πd/3t
Where d=diameter of pitch circle
t=number of teeth

95. The module of a gear is given by

a. d/t
b. 2d/t
c. d/2t
d. d/3t
Where d=diameter of pitch circle
t=number of teeth

96. The clearance in toothed gear is kept as

 a. 1.50 module
b. 1.57 module
c. 1.60 module
d. 1.67 module

97. Which of the following pressure angle (in degrees) is commonly used for gears?
a. 15
b. 20
c. 25
d. 30

98. The minimum number of teeth on pinion to avoid interference in rack and pinion is
a. 15
b. 18
c. 21
d. 24
99. Diameter of pitch cylinder is known as
a) Pitch cylinders
b) Pitch diameter
c) Pitch circle
d) Pitch point

100. Two different pitch circles generally meet at

a) Pitch cylinders
b) Pitch diameter
c) Pitch circle
d) Pitch point

101. Line passing through center of rotation of two meeting gear is known as
a) Pitch line
b) Rack
c) Pinion
d) Line of centre

102. Driving gear of two mating gear which is generally small is known as
a) Pitch line
b) Rack
c) Pinion
d) Line of centre

103. Gear wheel of infinite diameter is also known as

a) Pitch line
b) Rack
 c) Pinion
d) Line of centre

104. Spur gears can be used only when the two shafts are parallel.
a) True
b) False

105. Gear drive doesn’t require precise alignment of shafts.

a) True
b) False

106. The teeth of the helical gears are cut parallel to the shaft axis.
a) True
b) False

107. The number of teeth per unit length of the pitch circle diameter is called __________.
a) diametral pitch
b) module
c) clearance
d) gear ratio

108. The ratio of the number of teeth on the gear to the number of teeth on the pinion is called
________.
a) velocity ratio
b) module
c) gear ratio
d) pitch point
109. The ratio of pitch diameter to the number of teeth is called _________
a) module
b) addendum
c) dedendum
d) backlash

110. The circle passing through the upper tips of the teeth is called ___________
a) pitch circle
b) circular pitch
c) dedendum circle
d) addendum circle

111. The radial height of a tooth above the pitch circle is called __________
a) addendum
b) dedendum
c) rack
d) line of centres
112. The circle passing through the roots of the teeth is called _____________
a) addendum
b) addendum circle
c) dedendum circle
d) rack

113. The radial depth of a tooth below the pitch circle is called _____________
a) dedendum
b) addendum
c) rack
d) line of centres

114. The radial difference between the addendum and the dedendum of the tooth is called
__________
a) Clearance
b) rack
c) line of action
d) line of centres

115. What does N, P and L mean in N.P.L. Gauge interferometer?

a) Nikon pulsed laser
b) Nuclear plasma laboratory
c) National Physics Laboratory
d) Nuclear physics laboratory

116. At which angle does a glass plate reflector set in N.P.L. interferometer?
a) 30°
b) 45°
c) 60°
d) 90°

117. Which among the following is used to create fringes in N.P.L. interferometer?
a) Condensing lens
b) Collimating lens
c) Optical flat
d) All of the above
118. In Airy Points, which of the following equation describes their location in a system with
two supports:
a) s = L/√3
b) s = L/√2
c) s= 2L/√3
d) s= 2L/√2
where, s : Distance separating the supports, L : Length of the bar
119. Bessel Points can be calculated using the following formula.
a) s=0.556L
b) s=0.557L
c) s=0.558L
d) s=0.559L

120. International yard is an example of ________ standard.

a) Line
b) End
c) Wavelength
d) None of these

121. International Protypr mete is at a temperature of ______ °C.

a) -5
b) 0
c) 10
d) 15

122. A monochromic light consists of rays of _____ wavelength

a) Same
b) Different
c) Double
d) Half

123. Interference phenomenon can be observerd with ________ source of light

a. Coherent
b. Incoherent
c. Both
d. None of these

124. Flatness is the ________ distance between two planes that cover all irregularities of the
surface under examination.
a) Equal
b) Maximum
c) Minimum

125. Optical flats are made of ______ or ______

a) Glass or Quartz
b) Diamond or Graphite
c) Pearl or Gem
d) Marble or Stones

126. Select the most appropriate answer from the following alternatives.
 Engineer’s rule is
 a. End measurement device
b. Line measurement device
c. Angle measurement Device
d. Flatness measurement device

127. A surface gauge is used mainly for

a) Scribing line perpendicular to a datum surface
b) Scribing line parallel to a datum surface
c) Scribing circle and arcs
d) Checking surface finish ready for making

128. The airy points are used to support ___________

a) Length bars
b) Cylinder
c) Sphere
d) None of these

129. Mechanical comparators generally have _______ as sensing element.

a) Plunger
b) Gauge
c) Cam
d) None of these

130. Comparators are generally sensitive to changes of the order of ______ or less.
a) 0.002mm
b) 0.01mm
c) 0.001mm
d) 0.02mm

131. Eden-Rolt comparators uses optical and _______ system of magnifications.

a) Electronic
b) Electrical
c) Mechanical
d) Computer

132. Eden-Rolt comparators uses _______ strip hinge,

a) Cross
b) Bevel
c) Pivot
d) None of these

133. Sine bars are used in conjunction with

a) Slip gauge
b) Angle gauge
 c) DTI
d) Precision block level

134. What should be the difference in heights of the two rollers to check an angle of 30 using
100 mm sine bar?
a) 20 mm
b) 30 mm
c) 40 mm
d) 50 mm

135. An autocollimator works on

a) Optical principle
b) Mechanical principle
c) Pneumatic principle
d) Electrical principle

136. The helix angle α for a screw is given by α = tan -1 _______

a)
b)
c)
d) None of these

137. The angle of ISO metric thread is _______ degree,

a) 30
b) 45
c) 60
d) 90

138. The major diameter of a screw thread is measured on a ________

a) Bench micrometer
b) Vernier caliper
c) Feeler gauge
d) Radius gauge

139. The minor diameter of a screw thread is measured on _______ machine.

a) Floating carriage diameter measuring
b) Gauge pipe diameter
c) Calipers
d) Micrometer

140. Thread micrometer can measure the ________ diameter if the thread is perfect.
a) Effective
b) Ineffective
 c) Invalid
d) Weak

141. Choose correct words/symbols/terms with reference to gear metrology.

Involute φ = (______φ ) ____
a) Sin φ
b) Cos φ
c) Tan φ
d) None of these

142. Choose correct words/symbols/terms with reference to gear metrology.

Module m = x _____
a) Circular pitch
b) Diameter pitch
c) Addendum
d) Dedendum

143. Choose correct words/symbols/terms with reference to gear metrology.

π = Pc x _______
a) Circular pitch
b) Diameter pitch
c) Addendum
d) Dedendum

144. Standard pressure angles are _______ and _______ degree.

a) 10 1/2; 15
b) 12 1/2; 15
c) 14 1/2; 20
d) 15 1/2; 20

145. Base pitch Pb = ________ x circular pitch

a) Sin φ
b) Cos φ
c) Tan φ
d) None of these

146. If two surfaces are 90° to each other they are said to be
a) Parallel
b) Intersecting
c) Perpendicular
d) None of these

147. Flatness is the extent to which the surface of component

 a) Deviates from a true plane
b) Deviates from a datum plane

148. A lobed figure has a _________ diameter

a) Constant
b) Irregular
c) Different
d) None of these

149. A squareness comparators measure the deviation from the perpendicular in ________
a) Decimal fraction of a millimeter
b) Decimal fraction of a centimeter
c) Decimal fraction of a decimeter
d) Decimal fraction of a meter

150. A lobed figure is not a _______ figure

a) Square
b) Round
c) Pentagon
d) None of these