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Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Submitted
In Partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master Business Administration
(Session 2018-20)
In any organization, the two important financial statements are the Balance Sheet and
Profit & Loss Account of the business. Balance Sheet is a statement of financial position
of an enterprise at a particular point of time. Profit & Loss account shows the net profit or
net loss of a company for a specified period of time. When these statements of the last
few year of any organization are studied and analyzed, significant conclusions may be
arrived regarding the changes in the financial position, the important policies followed
and trends in profit and loss etc.
Analysis and interpretation of financial statement has now become an important
technique of credit appraisal. The investors, financial experts, management executives
and the bankers all analyze these statements. Analysis of financial statements is necessary
because it helps in depicting the financial position on the basis of past and current
records. Analysis of financial statements helps in making the future decisions and
strategies.
Therefore it is very necessary for every organization whether it is a financial or
manufacturing, to make financial statement and to analyze it.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
With the deep sense of gratitude, I wish to place on record my profound thanks to all
those who supported and encouraged me to come out with this project work successfully.
I express my sincere thanks to my project guide Ms Geeta Saini for valuable guidance,
time and continuous efforts for completion of my project.
Dr. Vandana and the entire faculty of department, Seth Jai Prakash Mukand Lal Institute
of Management And Technology and teachers of department for providing me with
opportunity to avail the excellent facilities and infrastructure.
Last but not the least; I am very thankful to my friends who continuously support me
during my project.
I declared that the project entitled “Financial Performance Analysis of the ICICI
Bank” submitted by me in the partial fulfillment of the degree of Master of Business
Administration is a record of the original project done by me and data provided in the
study is authentic to the best of my knowledge.
I further declare that this project report has not been submitted to any other university/
institution of any degree.
Figure 5.3 Profit and loss A/c showing net profit trend
Figure 5.4 Deposit, advances and net profit plot (base year 2015)
Figure 5.7 Dividend per share bar graph from Mar’15 to Mar’19
Figure 5.8 Return on net worth (%) bar graph from Mar’15 to Mar’19
Figure 5.10 Capital adequacy ratio bar graph from Mar’15 to Mar’19
Table 5.2 Percentage figures for deposits, advances and net profits
Introduction To
Industry
Introduction
The origin of the word bank is shrouded in mystery. According to one view point the
Italian business house carrying on crude from of banking were called banchibancheri"
According to another viewpoint banking is derived from German word "Branck" which
mean heap or mound. In England, the issue of paper money by the government was
referred to as a raising a bank.
Without a sound and effective banking system in India it cannot have a healthy
economy.The banking system of India should not only be hassle free but it should be able
to meet new challenges posed by the technology and any other external and internal
factors.
For the past three decades India's banking system has several outstanding achievements
to its credit. The most striking is its extensive reach. It is no longer confined to only
metropolitans or cosmopolitans in India. In fact, Indian banking system has reached even
to the remote corners of the country. This is one of the main reasons of India's growth
process.
Banking in India has its origin as early or Vedic period. It is believed that the transitions
from many lending to banking must have occurred even before Manu, the great Hindu
furriest, who has devoted a section of his work to deposit and advances and laid down
rules relating to the rate of interest. During the mogul period, the indigenous banker
played a very important role in lending money and financing foreign trade and
commerce.
During the days of the East India Company it was the turn of agency house to carry on
the banking business. The General Bank of India was the first joint stock bank to be
established in the year 1786. The other which followed was the Bank of Hindustan and
Bengal Bank. The Bank of Hindustan is reported to have continued till 1906. While other
two failed in the meantime. In the first half of the 19th century the East India Company
established there banks, The bank of Bengal in 1809, the Bank of Bombay in 1840 and
the Bank of Bombay in1843. These three banks also known as the Presidency banks were
the independent units and functioned well. These three banks were amalgamated in 1920
and new bank, the Imperial Bank of India was established on 27th January, 1921.
With the passing of the State Bank of India Act in 1955 the undertaking of the Imperial
Bank of India was taken over by the newly constituted SBI. The Reserve Bank of India
(RBI) which is the Central bank was established in April, 1935 by passing Reserve bank
of India act 1935. The Central office of RBI is in Mumbai and it controls all the other
banks in the country.
In the wake of Swadeshi Movement, number of banks with the Indian management were
established in the country namely, Punjab National Bank Ltd., Bank of India Ltd., Bank
of Baroda Ltd., Canara Bank. Ltd. on 19th July 1969, 14 major banks of the country were
nationalized and on 15th April 1980, 6 more commercial private sector banks were taken
over by the government.
New phase of Indian Banking System with the advent of Indian Financial & Banking
Sector Reforms after 1991.
Phase I
The General Bank of India was set up in the year 1786. Next came Bank of Hindustan
and Bengal Bank. The East India Company established Bank of Bengal (1809), Bank of
Bombay (1840) and Bank of Madras (1843) as independent units and called it Presidency
Banks.
These three banks were amalgamated in 1920 and Imperial Bank of India was established
which started as private shareholders banks, mostly Europeans shareholders.
In 1865 Allahabad Bank was established and first time exclusively by Indians, Punjab
National Bank Ltd. was set up in 1894 with headquarters at Lahore. Between 1906 and
1913, Bank of India, Central Bank of India, Bank of Baroda, Canara Bank, Indian Bank,
and Bank of Mysore were set up. Reserve Bank of India came in 1935.
Phase II
Government took major steps in this Indian Banking Sector Reform after independence.
In1955, it nationalized Imperial Bank of India with extensive banking facilities on a large
scale especially in rural and semi-urban areas. It formed State Bank of India to act as the
principal agent of RBI and to handle banking transactions of the Union and State
Governments all over the country.
Seven banks forming subsidiary of State Bank of India was nationalized in 1960 on 19th
July,1969, major process of nationalization was carried out. It was the effort of the then
Prime Minister of India, Mrs. Indira Gandhi. 14 major commercial banks in the country
was nationalized.
Second phase of nationalization Indian Banking Sector Reform was carried out in 1980
with seven more banks. This step brought 80% of the banking segment in India under
Government ownership.
Phase III
This phase has introduced many more products and facilities in the banking sector in its
reforms measure. In 1991, under the chairmanship of M Narasimham, a committee was
set up by his name which worked for the liberalization of banking practices.
The country is flooded with foreign banks and their ATM stations. Efforts are being put
to give a satisfactory service to customers. Phone banking and net banking is introduced.
The financial system of India has shown a great deal of resilience. It is sheltered from any
crisis triggered by any external macroeconomics shock as other East Asian Countries
suffered. This is all due to a flexible exchange rate regime, the foreign reserves are high,
the capital account is not yet fully convertible, and banks and their customers have
limited foreign exchange exposure.
1.4Banks in India
In India the banks are being segregated in different groups. Each group has their own
benefits and limitations in operating in India. Each has their own dedicated target market.
Few of them only work in rural sector while others in both rural as well as urban. Many
even are only catering in cities. Some are of Indian origin and some are foreign players.
All these details and many more is discussed over here. The banks and its relation with
the customers, their mode of operation, the names of banks under different groups and
other such useful information’s are talked about.
One more section has been taken note of is the upcoming foreign banks in India. The RBI
has shown certain interest to involve more of foreign banks than the existing one
recently. This step has paved a way for few more foreign banks to start business in India.
Scheduled banks fulfill the condition that the paid up capital and collected funds of banks
should not be less than ₹ 5 lakh. Any activity in the bank will not adversely affect the
interest of deposit.
A scheduled bank is eligible for obtaining loans/debts on bank rate from RBI
1.5.3Commercial banks
A commercial bank is a type of bank that provides services such as accepting deposits,
making business loans, and offering basic investment products that is operated as a
business for profit.
It can also refer to a bank, or a division of a large bank, which deals with corporations or
large/middle-sized business to differentiate it from a retail bank and an investment bank.
Private banking in India was practiced since the beginning of banking system in India. It is one of
the fastest growing Bank Private Sector Banks in India. IDBI ranks the tenth largest development
bank in the world as Private Banks in India and has promoted world class institutions in India.
1.5.3.2 PSU banks
Public sector banks are those banks which are owned by the Government. The Govt. runs
these Banks. In India 14 banks were nationalized in 1969 & in 1980 another 6 banks were
also nationalized. Therefore in 1980 the number of nationalized bank were 20.
Since then merger of these bank has taken several times as of SBI and its associates
banks from time to time and government is planning for merger of more banks.
Being merged
There are two ways of presence of foreign banks in India. First is the branch form of the
presence which means that the foreign bank has its physical branch in India. Second is
the presence through representative office in India which is actually not a branch. Like
Australia and new Zealand banking group, The Bank of Tokyo- Mitsubishi UFJ, Ltd
Qatar National Banketc
1.7 NABARD
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) is a development
bank in the sector of Regional Rural Banks in India. It provides and regulates credit and
gives service for the promotion and development of rural sectors mainly agriculture,
small scale industries, cottage and village industries, handicrafts. It also finance rural
crafts and other allied rural economic activities to promote integrated rural development.
It helps in securing rural prosperity and its connected matters.
1.8 Indian banking industry
The Indian banking market is growing at an astonishing rate, with deposits to reach US$
1,781.12 billion. An expanding economy, middleclass, and technological innovations are
all contributing to this growth.
The country’s middle class accounts for over 320 million People. In correlation with the
growth of the economy, rising income levels, increased standard of living, and
affordability of banking products are promising factors for continued expansion.
Figure 1.2 Growth in deposit over past few years (us $ billion)
Source India brand equity foundation, New Delhi
During FY07–18, deposits grew at a CAGR of 11.66 per cent and reached US$ 1.6
trillion by FY17.
Strong growth in savings amid rising disposable income levels are the major factors
influencing deposit growth.
Access to banking system has also improved over the years due to persistent
government efforts to promote banking-technology
Deposits under Pradhan Mantri Jan DhanYojana (PMJDY), have also increased
to₹80,674.82 crore (US$ 12.03 billion) were deposited and 32.25 million accounts
were opened in India.
Introduction To
Company
Company’s Profile
ICICI Bank is one of the Big Four banks of India. The bank has subsidiaries in the United
Kingdom and Canada; branches in United States, Singapore, Bahrain, Hong Kong, Sri
Lanka, Qatar, Oman, Dubai International Finance Centre, China and South Africa; and
representative offices in United Arab Emirates, Bangladesh, Malaysia and Indonesia.
2.2 History of ICICI bank
ICICI Bank was established by the Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of
India (ICICI), an Indian financial institution, as a wholly owned subsidiary in 1994. The
parent company was formed in 1955 as a joint-venture of the World Bank, India's public-
sector banks and public-sector insurance companies to provide project financing to Indian
industry.
The bank was founded as the Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Bank,
before it changed its name to the abbreviated ICICI Bank. The parent company was later
merged with the bank.
ICICI Bank launched internet banking operations in 1998.
In the 1990s, ICICI transformed its business from a development financial institution
offering only project finance to a diversified financial services group, offering a wide
variety of products and services, both directly and through a number of subsidiaries and
affiliates like ICICI Bank. In 1999, ICICI become the first Indian company and the first
bank or financial institution from non-Japan Asia to be listed on the NYSE.
In October 2001, the Boards of Directors of ICICI and ICICI Bank approved the merger
of ICICI and two of its wholly owned retail finance subsidiaries, ICICI Personal
Financial Services Limited and ICICI Capital Services Limited, with ICICI Bank. The
merger was approved by shareholders of ICICI and ICICI Bank in January 2002, by
the High Court of Gujarat at Ahmedabad in March 2002 and by the High Court of
Judicature at Mumbai and the Reserve Bank of India in April 2002.
In 2008, following the 2008 financial crisis, customers rushed to ICICI ATMs and
branches in some locations due to rumours of an adverse financial position of ICICI
Bank. The Reserve Bank of India issued a clarification on the financial strength of ICICI
Bank to dispel the rumours.
Acquisitions
Vision
To be the trusted financial services provider of choice for our customers, thereby creating
sustainable value for our stakeholders.
Mission
ICICI Bank is a leading private sector bank in India. The Bank’s consolidated total assets
stood at Rs.12.50 trillion at June 30, 2019. ICICI Bank currently has a network of 4,874
branches and 14,987 ATMs across India.
ICICI Bank offers a wide range of banking products and financial services to corporate
and retail customers through a variety of delivery channels and through its group
companies.
Key subsidiaries
Domestic
International
ICICI Bank has focused on being a future-ready organization and has consistently
evolved its capabilities to ensure agility and value creation in its businesses. This focus is
integral to the Bank’s strategy and underscores the several pioneering initiatives taken by
the Bank.
Digital initiatives have played a key role in driving growth and efficiency in the retail
business. These initiatives have improved the efficiency of branches. The Bank is now
able to serve more customers at its existing branches and has enabled employees to
perform more value-added activities.
The Bank believes that a key driver of India’s growth is the rural economy which has
distinct financial needs. The Bank’s rural banking operation caters to the complete
financial requirements of customers in rural and semi-urban locations, primarily engaged
in agriculture and agro-related value chain activities. The Bank’s reach in rural areas is
supported by a network of branches, on-field staff and business correspondents providing
last-mile access in remote areas.
The segments include farmers, rural salaried customers, commodity traders, seed and
farm input dealers and processors. The key focus for the business is to build banking
habits and to help in creating wealth for rural customers.
During fiscal 2019, several digital products were launched for SMEs to meet their
business and transaction banking requirements and add better operational efficiencies
Following the significant challenges faced by the Bank in its corporate portfolio, the
Bank put in place specific measures with a focus on lending to higher-rated,
well-established corporates, enhancing the quality of the existing corporate portfolio and
reducing concentration risk. The Bank made significant progress towards these
objectives.
2.6.6 International business
ICICI Bank’s international footprint consists of branches in the United States, Singapore,
Bahrain, Hong Kong, Sri Lanka, Dubai International Finance Centre, South Africa,
China, Offshore Banking Unit (OBU) and IFSC (International Financial Services Centre)
Banking Unit (IBU) and representative offices in the United Arab Emirates, Bangladesh,
Malaysia and Indonesia.
Customer service is an important pillar of banking and the Bank makes continuous efforts
towards improving customer experience and operational efficiency. A rapidly changing
economic and technological landscape has created new dimensions in customer
expectations from banks. Speed and convenience are two key drivers in meeting these
expectations. To keep up with evolving customer expectations, the Bank is increasing its
focus on customer delight and advocacy. This is being measured through the Net
Promoter Score, Transaction Experience and Customer Satisfaction metrics.
The Bank follows a 4D framework to map the entire customer journey across products,
processes and channels.
Introduction to
Financial Analysis
Financial Analysis
Meaning
The term financial analysis is also known as ‘analysis and interpretation of financial
statements’ refers to the process of determining financial strength and weakness of the
firm by establishing strategic relationship between the items of the Balance Sheet, Profit
and Loss account and other operative data.
The first task of financial analysis is to select the information relevant to the decision
under consideration to the total information contained in the financial statement. The
second step is to arrange the information in a way to highlight significant relationship.
The final step is interpretation and drawing of inference and conclusions. Financial
statement is the process of selection, relation and evaluation.
To classify the items contained in the financial statement in convenient and rational
groups.
They provide some extremely useful information to the extent that balance Sheet mirrors
the financial position on a particular date in terms of the structure of assets, liabilities and
owners’ equity, and so on and the Profit And Loss account shows the results of
operations during a certain period of time in terms of the revenues obtained and the cost
incurred during the year. Thus the financial statement provides a summarized view of
financial positions and operations of a firm.
The following procedure is adopted for the analysis and interpretation of financial
statements
The analyst should acquaint himself with principles and postulated of accounting. He
should know the plans and policies of the management so that he may be able to find
out whether these plans are properly executed or not.
The extent of analysis should be determined so that the sphere of work may be
decided. If the aim is find out. Earning capacity of the enterprise then analysis of
income statement will be undertaken. On the other hand, if financial position is to be
studied then balance sheet analysis will be necessary.
The financial data be given in statement should be recognized and rearranged. It will
involve the grouping similar data under same heads. Breaking down of individual
components of statement according to nature. The data is reduced to a standard form.
A relationship is established among financial statements with the help of tools &
techniques of analysis such as ratios, trends, common size, fund flow etc.
The conclusions drawn from interpretation are presented to the management in the
form of reports.
Among these two types of analysis, horizontal analysis is more useful because it
brings out more clearly the trends of working of a firm. This gives us more concrete
bases for future planning.
a) Internal Analysis
This analysis is based on the information available to the business firm only
.Hence internal analysis is made by the management. Internal analysis is more
reliable and helpful for financial decisions.
b) External Analysis
This analysis is made on the basis of published statements,reports and
information’s. This analysis is made by external parties such as creditors,
Investors,banks,financial analysis etc. external analysis is less reliable in
comparison to internal analysis because of limited and often incomplete
information.
a) Accounting Analysis
Accounting analysis is analysis of past financial performance and involves
examining
How generally accepted accounting principles and conventions have been
applied in
arriving at the values of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses.
b) Prospective Analysis
Prospective analysis involves developing forecasted financial statements
keeping in view the changes that are likely to shape and affect the business
given the assumptions about these changes and the limitation of the forecasting
technique used. This is quite complicated analysis.
To simplify data
To make inter period/inter-firm comparison
To indicate the trends
To enable forecasting
To indicate the strengths and weaknesses of the firm
To compare the performance
To analyse expenses
To analyse profits
Comparative financial statement is a tool of financial analysis that depicts change in each
item of the financial statement in both absolute amount and percentage term, taking the
item in preceding accounting period as base.
Comparison and analysis of financial statements may be carried out using the following
tools
Comparative Balance Sheet
The comparative balance sheet shows increase and decrease in absolute terms as well as
percentages, in various assets, liabilities and capital. A comparative analysis of balance
sheets of two periods provides information regarding progress of the business firm.
The main purpose of comparative balance sheet is to measure the short- term and long-
term solvency position of the business.
Presenting the change in various items in relation to total assets or total liabilities
or net sales.
Establishing a relationship.
Providing a common base for comparison.
Trend Analysis
Trend percentage are very useful is making comparative study of the financial statements
for a number of years. These indicate the direction of movement over a long time and
help an analyst of financial statements to form an opinion as to whether favorable or
unfavorable tendencies have developed. This helps in future forecasts of various items.
For calculating trend percentages any year may be taken as the ‘base year’. Each item of
base year is assumed to be equal to 100 and on that basis the percentage of item of each
year calculated.
Ratio Analysis
Meaning
Absolute figures expressed in financial statements by themselves are meaningfulness.
These figures often do not convey much meaning unless expressed in relation to other
figures. Thus, it can be say that the relationship between two figures, expressed in
arithmetical terms is called a ratio.
Classification of ratios
In view of the financial management or according to the tests satisfied, various ratios
have been classified as below:
Liquidity Ratios
These are the ratios which measure the short-term solvency or financial position of a
firm. These ratios are calculated to comment upon the short-term paying capacity of a
concern or the firm’s ability to meet its current obligations.
Activity Ratios
Activity ratios are calculated to measure the efficiency with which the resource of a firm
have been employed. These ratios are also called turnover ratios because they indicate the
speed with which assets are being turned over into sales e.g. debtors turnover ratio.
Profitability Ratios
These ratios measure the results of business operations or overall performance and
effective of the firm e.g. gross profit ratio, operating ratio or capital employed. Generally,
two types of profitability ratios are calculated.
1. In relation to Sales, and
2. In relation in Investment
Literature Review
Literature Review
Conceptual literature is that which relates with concepts and theories. Help from different
book is taken for different concepts and theories.
Empirical literature consist of study made by other in the same field. The published data
in newspaper, books, annual reports and magazines available for discussion with people
of organization.
Cooper (2000)
1) He conducted a study on Financial Intermediation on which he observed that the
quantitative behavior of business-cycle models in which the intermediation process
acts either as a source of fluctuations or as a propagator of real shocks. In neither case
do we find convincing evidence that the intermediation process is an important
element of aggregate fluctuations. For an economy driven by intermediation shocks,
consumption is not smoother than output, investment is negatively correlated with
output, variations in the capital stock are quite large, and interest rates are procyclical.
The model economy thus fails to match unconditional moments for the U.S.
economy. We also structurally estimate parameters of a model economy in which
intermediation and productivity shocks are present, allowing for the intermediation
process to propagate the real shock. The unconditional correlations are closer to those
observed only when the intermediation shock is relatively unimportant.
2) Munya Mtetwa (2010)
In this article he short propose that about the fixed asset. He define that fixed assets
are assets that are used in production or supply of goods or services and they are to be
used within the business for more than one financial year. Consequently, fixed assets
represent the company's long term income generating assets and they can either be
tangible or non tangible. It includes land and buildings, plant and equipment, golf
courses, casinos, football players, machinery and hotels depending on the nature of
the business under consideration. Fixed asset turnover = Sales / Net fixed asset.
3) Manish Mittal and Vyas (2017) Investors have certain cognitive and emotional
weakness which comes in the way of their investment decisions. Over the past few
years, behavioural finance researchers have scientifically shown that investors do not
always act rationally.
Research Methodology
Research Methodology
Introduction to research
The procedure adopted for conducting the research requires a lot of attention as it has
direct bearing on accuracy, reliability and adequacy of results obtained. It is due to this
reason that research methodology, which we used at the time of conducting the research,
needs to be elaborated upon. It may be understood as a science of studying how research
is done scientifically.
Therefore the research methodology not only talks about the research methods but also
considers the logic behind the method used in the context of the research study. Research
Methodology is a way to systematically study and solve the research problems. If a
researcher wants to claim his study as a good study, he must clearly state the
methodology adapted in conducting the research the research so that it may be judged by
the reader whether the methodology of work done is sound or not.
Meaning of Research.
Research Problem
Objective of Research
Research Design.
Limitation of study
Research is a systematic, formal, rigorous and precise process employed to gain solutions
to problems or to discover and interpret new facts and relationships.
According to Waltz and Bansell (1981)
Research problem
The first step while conducting research is careful definition of Research Problem. “To
ERR IS THE HUMAN” is a proverb which indicates that no one is perfect in this world.
Every researcher has to face many problems which conducting any research that’s why
problem statement is defined to know which type of problems a researcher has to face
while conducting any study it is said that
Research design
A research designs is the arrangement of conditions for collection and analysis data in a
manner that aims to combine relevance to the research purpose with economy in
procedure. Research Design is the conceptual structure with in which research in
conducted. It constitutes the blueprint for the collection measurement and analysis of
data. Research Design includes and outline of what the researcher will do form writing
the hypothesis and it operational implication to the final analysis of data.
A research design is a framework for the study and is used as guide in collection and
analyzing the data. It is a strategy specifying which approach will be used for gathering
and analyzing the data. It also include the time and cost budget since most studies are
done under these two cost budget since most studies are done under theses tow
constraints. The design is such studies must be rigid and not flexible and most focus
attention on the following
Diagnostic Research Design It determines the frequency with which something occurs
or its association with something else.
Primary Data
It is first hand data, which is collected by researcher itself. Primary data is collected by
various approaches so as to get a precise, accurate, realistic and relevant data. The main
tool in gathering primary data was investigation and observation. It was achieved by a
direct approach and observation from the officials of the company.
Secondary Data
It is the data which is already collected by someone else. Researcher has to analyze the
data and interprets the results. It has always been important for the completion of any
report. It provides reliable, suitable, adequate and specific knowledge.
The data used in the study is ‘secondary data’.
The required data for the study are basically secondary in nature and the data
arecollected from
Horizontal analysis
Vertical analysis
External analysis
Intra-firm analysis
Accounting analysis
Chapter-6
Data Analysis
And Interpretation
Methods/Tools applied to the research
These indicate the direction of movement over a long time and help an analyst of
financial statements to form an opinion as to whether favorable or unfavorable tendencies
have developed. This helps in future forecasts of various items. For calculating trend
percentages any year may be taken as the ‘base year’. Each item of base year is assumed
to be equal to 100 and on that basis the percentage of item of each year calculated.
For this research project curved is traced for
Deposits
Deposits are liability to banks, which need money to lend. It is the amount that any
citizen (resident or no-resident) keep with the bank subject to some regulatory
compliance. In turn, banks pay interest on deposits. It is considered the safest form of
investment. Deposits are of two types current and savings deposits (CASA) as well as
term deposits.
Advances
Advance is the amount that banks lend to individuals and companies. They charge
interest on loans. Interest rates vary depending on the terms and conditions of such credit.
Banks raise money to lend through different sources like deposits, money market and so
on.
Net profits
Net profit is the result after all expenses have been subtracted from revenues. This
figure is the aggregate result of all operating and financing activities of an
organization.
The various figures for the deposits, advances and net profits are obtained for the five
financial years from FY 2015 to FY 2019 respectively from the bank standalone balance
sheet and profits and loss statement.
Figure 5.1 Balance sheet part showing deposits for five years.
Figure 5.2 Balance sheet part showing advances for five years.
Figure 5.3 Profit and loss account part showing net profits for five years.
Complete standalone balance sheet and profit and loss account statement is provided in
Appendix I and Appendix II respectively
Following table is obtained from the account statement and the profit and ‘loss’ account
statement.
In order to plot the trend of the deposits advances and the net profits following steps are
followed
The above figures are converted into percentage by taking 2015 as the base year.
Value for the base year 2015 is taken as 100 and rest values are measured with
reference to the base year
Following table is obtained.
120.00
100.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
FINANCIAL YEAR
0.00
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Deposits 100 117 135 155 181
Advances 100 112 120 132 151
Net Profits 100 87 88 61 30
Figure 5.4 Deposits,Advances,Net Profits plot with previous year (base year 2015)
Interpretation
There is increase in the deposits and advances monotonically.
Net profit first decreases for FY2016 after it increases slightly with subsequent
decrease in profit after FY 2017.
Ratio analysis
Current Ratio
Year Mar’15 Mar’16 Mar’17 Mar’18 Mar’19
Current 0.78 1.66 1.83 2.38 2.16
ratio
1.5
0.5
0
Mar’15 Mar’16 Mar’17 Mar’18 Mar’19
Financial Year
Liquid ratio
Year Mar’15 Mar’16 Mar’17 Mar’18 Mar’19
Quick ratio 13.81 14.97 16.31 20.44 18.66
20
15
10
0
Mar’15 Mar’16 Mar’17 Mar’18 Mar’19
Financial Year
Interpretation
Quick ratio increase up to year Mar’18 and then decreases for Mar’19.
High quick ratio indicates that company is capable of meeting short term financial
liabilities.
5.5.4 Dividend per share
It is investment valuation ratio.The amount a firm pays out in dividends directly
translates to income for the shareholder.
It is expressed by dividing dividend paid to equity shareholders by no. of equity shares. This
shows the per share dividend given to equity shareholders. It is very helpful for potential
investors to know the dividend paying capacity of the company.
Dividend per share = Dividend paid to equity shareholders/ No. of equity shares
0
Mar’15 Mar’16 Mar’17 Mar’18 Mar’19
Financial Year
Figure 5.7 Dividend per share bar graph from Mar’15 to Mar’19
Interpretation
There is decrease in the dividend per share. The decrease may be due to
reinvestment in a firm's operations, debt reduction, and poor earnings.
A decrease in DPS can cause investors to sell their stake in the company, thus
driving the market value of ICICI bank Ltd down.
5.5.5 Return on net worth
It is profitability ratio and can be used for inter firm comparison. It measures the
profitability of the business in view of the shareholders. It judges the earning capacity of
the company and the adequacy of return on proprietor’s funds. Shareholders and potential
investors are interested in this ratio.
It is used know firm’s profitability from the perspective of the shareholders and also it
explains efficiency of shareholder capital to generate profit.
Return on Net Worth = Net profit after interest and tax x 100
Shareholder’s funds
Financial Year
Figure 5.8 Return on net worth (%) bar graph from Mar’15 to Mar’19
Interpretation
There is continuous decline on return on net worth.
It has reduced to almost 50% from Mar’18 to Mar’19.
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
Mar’15 Mar’16 Mar’17 Mar’18 Mar’19
Financial Year
15
10
0
Mar’15 Mar’16 Mar’17 Mar’18 Mar’19
Financial Year
Figure 5.10 Capital adequacy ratio bar graph from Mar’15 to Mar’19
Interpretation
CAR remains almost constant with highest value in Mar’18.
The moderate value shows that the bank is not prone to risk and at same time
doing enough business from its assets.
5.5.8 Cash flow statement
A cash – flow statement is a statement showing inflows (receipts) and outflows
(payments) of cash during a particular period. In other words, it is a summary of sources
and applications of each during a particular span of time.
Interpretation
Net profit before tax has reduced from Mar’15 to Mar’19
Variation is also observed in Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents.
Chapter-7
Finding, Conclusion
And Suggestion
Findings
Balance sheet indicates that there is continuous increase in the deposits and
advances made to the bank.
Profit and loss account indicates that the net profit has reduced significantly form
Mar’15 to Mar’19 and it has dropped to almost 50% in Mar’19 in comparison to
Mar’18.
Current ratio and quick ratio indicates good liquidity position of the bank with
improvement from Mar’15 with highest being Mar’18.
Dividend per share has reduced significantly which shows that there is high
chance that the market value of the bank share may decline.
Past trend of total assets turnover ratio indicates good management of the
resources.
Return on net worth from the perspective of investor’s shows decline in it
therefore earning of shareholders is reducing.
CAR remains almost constant with highest value in Mar’18.The moderate value
shows that the bank is not prone to risk and at same time doing enough business
from its assets.
Suggestions
Bank should adopt strategy to increase net profit.
The bank must adopt strategy to increase the earning of the shareholders.
Bank must focus on the financial inclusion so that assets of the bank can be
improved further.
Further improvement in the digital banking to cover maximum services by
providing fast convenient and safe banking services.
Though the bank has been successful in increasing its deposits but to further
improve upon such situation it can introduce some new and attractive schemes for
public. Such schemes can be in the form of higher rate of interest and shorter
maturity period for FD’s etc.
Bank can also think for improving its day-to -day service to its clients. Such
service can be improved by providing prompt service and showing an attitude of
co-operation to its clients. It will help to give a kind of confidence to the public
and build a better public image.
Conclusion
On the basis of various techniques applied for the financial analysis of ICICI Bank we
can arrive at a conclusion that the financial position and overall performance of the bank
is satisfactory. Though the net profit of the bank has over the period but not in the same
pace as of expenses. But the bank has succeeded in maintaining a reasonable profitability
position.
The bank has succeeded in increasing its share capital also which has increased around
50% in the last 5 years. Individuals are the major shareholders. The major achievement of
the bank has been a tremendous increase in its deposits, which has always been its main
objective. Fixed and current deposits have also shown an increasing trend.
Equity shareholders are also enjoying an increasing trend in the return on their capital.
Though current assets and liabilities (current liquidity) of the bank is not so satisfactory
but bank has succeeded in maintaining a stable solvency position over the years. As far as
the ratio of external and internal equity is concerned, it is clear that bank has been using
more amount of external equity in the form of loans and borrowings than owner’s equity.
Bank’s investments are also showing an increasing trend. Due to increase in advances,
the interest received by the bank from such advances is proving to be the major source of
income for the bank.
Bibliography
Analysis of the financial statements second edition by Pamela P.Peterson, Frank
J.Fabozzi from wiley finance.
Financial management theory and practices eighth edition by Shashi K. Gupta and
R.K Sharma
https://www.icicibank.com/
https://www.icicibank.com/aboutus/annual.page
https://www.moneycontrol.com/financials/icicibank/
https://www.ibef.org/
Appendix-I
Consolidated Balance sheet
PRINT
APPENDIX-II
Profit and loss account
ICICI
Previous Years »
Bank
Standalone Profit & Loss
------------------- in Rs. Cr. -------------------
account
Mar '19 Mar '18 Mar '17 Mar '16 Mar '15
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
Income
Interest Earned 63,401.19 54,965.89 54,156.28 52,739.43 49,091.14
Other Income 14,512.16 17,419.63 19,504.48 15,323.05 12,176.13
Total Income 77,913.35 72,385.52 73,660.76 68,062.48 61,267.27
Expenditure
Interest expended 36,386.40 31,940.05 32,418.96 31,515.39 30,051.53
Employee Cost 6,808.24 5,913.95 5,733.71 3,012.69 4,749.88
Selling, Admin & Misc Expenses 30,578.51 26,973.36 24,949.36 23,109.60 14,631.56
Depreciation 776.91 780.74 757.65 698.51 658.95
Operating Expenses 18,089.06 15,703.94 14,755.06 12,683.55 11,495.83
Provisions & Contingencies 20,074.60 17,964.11 16,685.66 14,137.25 8,544.56
Total Expenses 74,550.06 65,608.10 63,859.68 58,336.19 50,091.92
Mar '19 Mar '18 Mar '17 Mar '16 Mar '15
12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths 12 mths
Net Profit for the Year 3,363.30 6,777.42 9,801.09 9,726.29 11,175.35
Profit brought forward 18,495.26 18,744.94 17,132.19 17,261.42 13,318.59
Total 21,858.56 25,522.36 26,933.28 26,987.71 24,493.94
Equity Dividend 965.13 1,457.46 0.95 2,907.52 2,898.81
Corporate Dividend Tax 0.00 8.73 -7.19 279.37 271.15
Per share data (annualised)
Earning Per Share (Rs) 5.22 10.54 16.83 16.73 19.28
Equity Dividend (%) 50.00 75.00 125.00 250.00 250.00
Book Value (Rs) 163.38 158.91 166.37 149.47 138.72
Appropriations
Transfer to Statutory Reserves 3,013.86 5,560.91 8,194.58 6,668.62 4,062.57
Transfer to Other Reserves 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00
Proposed Dividend/Transfer to
965.13 1,466.19 -6.24 3,186.89 3,169.96
Govt
Balance c/f to Balance Sheet 17,879.57 18,495.26 18,744.94 17,132.19 17,261.42
Total 21,858.56 25,522.37 26,933.28 26,987.71 24,493.95
APPENDIX-III
Ratio
ICICI
Previous Years »
Bank
Key Financial Ratios
Mar
Mar '18 Mar '17 Mar '16 Mar '15
'19
Investment Valuation Ratios
Face Value 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
Dividend Per Share 1.00 1.50 2.50 5.00 5.00
Operating Profit Per Share (Rs) 15.05 12.61 13.29 15.89 14.15
Net Operating Profit Per Share
98.35 85.51 92.98 90.70 84.68
(Rs)
Free Reserves Per Share (Rs) -- -- -- -- --
Bonus in Equity Capital 9.04 9.06 -- -- --
Profitability Ratios
Interest Spread 6.36 6.43 6.58 6.83 7.04
Adjusted Cash Margin(%) 5.31 10.44 14.33 15.31 19.31
Net Profit Margin 5.30 12.33 18.09 18.44 22.76
Return on Long Term Fund(%) 38.13 38.54 45.09 50.29 57.03
Return on Net Worth(%) 3.19 6.63 10.11 11.19 13.89
Adjusted Return on Net Worth(%) 3.19 6.63 10.11 11.19 13.89
Return on Assets Excluding
163.38 158.91 166.37 149.47 138.72
Revaluations
Return on Assets Including
168.10 163.59 171.59 154.31 138.72
Revaluations
Management Efficiency Ratios
Interest Income / Total Funds 6.90 6.68 7.29 7.73 7.91
Net Interest Income / Total Funds 2.94 2.80 2.92 3.11 3.07
Non Interest Income / Total Funds 1.58 2.12 2.62 2.25 1.96
Interest Expended / Total Funds 3.96 3.88 4.36 4.62 4.84
Operating Expense / Total Funds 1.88 1.81 1.88 1.76 1.75
Profit Before Provisions / Total
2.55 3.01 3.56 3.50 3.18
Funds
Net Profit / Total Funds 0.37 0.82 1.32 1.43 1.80
Loans Turnover 0.12 0.11 0.12 0.13 0.14
Total Income / Capital
8.48 8.80 9.91 9.98 9.88
Employed(%)
Interest Expended / Capital
3.96 3.88 4.36 4.62 4.84
Employed(%)
Total Assets Turnover Ratios 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08
Asset Turnover Ratio 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.08
Profit And Loss Account Ratios
Interest Expended / Interest
57.39 58.11 59.86 59.76 61.22
Earned
Other Income / Total Income 18.63 24.07 26.48 22.51 19.87
Operating Expense / Total Income 22.22 20.62 19.00 17.61 17.69
Selling Distribution Cost
1.14 0.73 0.53 0.40 --
Composition
Balance Sheet Ratios
Capital Adequacy Ratio 16.89 18.42 17.39 16.64 17.02
Advances / Loans Funds(%) 75.11 74.18 75.25 77.02 75.94
Debt Coverage Ratios
Credit Deposit Ratio 90.54 92.92 98.69 105.08 104.72
Investment Deposit Ratio 33.84 34.68 35.32 44.32 52.43
Cash Deposit Ratio 5.85 6.17 6.45 6.74 6.85
Total Debt to Owners Fund 7.77 7.28 6.58 6.86 6.64
Financial Charges Coverage Ratio 1.67 1.80 1.84 1.78 1.68
Financial Charges Coverage Ratio
1.11 1.24 1.33 1.33 1.39
Post Tax
Leverage Ratios
Current Ratio 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.06
Quick Ratio 18.66 20.44 16.31 14.97 13.81
Cash Flow Indicator Ratios
Dividend Payout Ratio Net Profit 28.69 21.50 -- 29.89 25.93
Dividend Payout Ratio Cash
23.31 19.28 -- 27.89 24.49
Profit
Earning Retention Ratio 71.31 78.50 100.00 70.11 74.07
Cash Earning Retention Ratio 76.69 80.72 100.00 72.11 75.51
Adjusted Cash Flow Times 157.70 74.22 46.41 40.43 30.55
Mar
Mar '18 Mar '17 Mar '16 Mar '15
'19
Earnings Per Share 5.22 10.54 16.83 16.73 19.28
Book Value 163.38 158.91 166.37 149.47 138.72