A Research Proposal Presented to the

Faculty of Institute of Computing Engineering

Learning the Significance of Vault Trends

in the Different Extreme Machines

JERIC L. ARASAIN
RAFIL M. WHOD

December 20, 2019

 Chapter I

Introduction

Vault is designed to be a general-purpose…secrets management solution.…It supports

arbitrary secrets with Key/Value stores,…and other, more specialized secrets.…In each case
Vault writes, updates, reads,…and deletes secrets from storage back ends.…It authenticates
access to the secrets,…and controls permissions to those secrets.…Reading, writing, and deleting
data…to a secured location in a system may sound familiar.

If this sounds like a file system, there's a good reason.…Vault uses a virtual file system
paradigm…to provide access to secrets starting with paths.…Vault mounts a secrets engine,
somewhat like a hard drive,…to a path when it is enable.…Some secrets engines are enabled by
default…when a new Vault server is initialized.…The others must be enabled by an
administrator…before they can be used.…Here are some additional examples of paths.…The
first section of these paths…are secrets engines that are mounted to a Vault server.

An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert one form of energy into mechanical
energy. Heat engines, like the internal combustion engine, burn a fuel to create heat which is
then used to do work. Electric motors convert electrical energy into mechanical motion,
pneumatic motors use compressed air, and clockwork motors in wind-up toys use elastic energy.
In biological systems, molecular motors, like myosins in muscles, use chemical energy to create
forces and ultimately motion.

Significance of the Study

The results of the study will be of great benefit to the following:

Institute of Computing Engineering. Data given will provide the dean with information
on the significance of vault trend in the different extreme machines. The results will enable the
dean to improve the scheduling and different academic subjects. Data gathered will help the dean
initiate collaboration among faculty and chairpersons to help plan the advancement of BITM, in
relation to the new curriculum.
 Clinical Instructors. The results of the study will help the clinical instructors evaluate
the quality education. Results would also develop the clinical instructor’s teaching-learning and
evaluating strategies in enhancing knowledge, skills and attitude to the students in the time frame
given.
Students. This study will provide information regarding which time arrangement is
effective: 8-hr of clinical internship from the 5-hr clinical internship with additional academic
classes. This study will evaluate the academic performance, the attitude and approach and
the skills learned in the clinical area the given time frame. Data gathered will also help the
students improve both academic and clinical performance.
DORSU. This study will improve the school in the development of BITM education.
This study will foster new ways of enhancing knowledge, skills and attitude, thus preparing
globally-competitive skilled workers in the future. This study will also help in the advancement
of school management, clinical leadership and teaching-evaluation approach.
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Machining and Machinery Industry

The machining and machinery industry is the first stage of the manufacturing process.
This industry manufactures metal parts that are used to make machines, tools, and other machine
parts; that is, it creates metal machines that make other machines, and also produces parts for
such items as engines, tools, and other machinery.

Careers in this industry include professionals involved in the development process such
as research engineers, and in some cases industrial designers, who analyze market needs and
decide what new products are in demand. Often, other members of this team include marketing
specialists, production personnel, sales representatives, manufacturing experts, and design
engineers and technicians. Manufacturing engineers design the machines or the configuration of
equipment that construct the product, industrial engineers devise efficient processes that use
machines and workers together, and mechanical engineers develop the specifications for
machines and tools.

Many types of workers are involved in all aspects of the machining and machinery
industry. Workers such as general maintenance mechanics operate and repair machines and
mechanical equipment. Complex power-generating equipment in industrial plants is operated and
maintained by stationary engineers, who receive specialized training for their jobs. Other
workers, like boilermakers and millwrights, install huge pieces of machinery. Precision
machinists construct machines, layout workers and job setters prepare workpieces and machines
for operation.

Instrument makers design the electrical equipment that measures and regulates machine
operation, numerical control tool programmers write the computer instructions to run machines.
Precision metalworkers, such as tool and die makers and mold makers, design and produce dies
and molds that manufacture products with machines. Fluid power technicians install and
maintain component parts of machines. The field of nondestructive testing employs industrial
radiographers and laser technicians who apply techniques to determine the quality of products
made by machines and components that will be used in machines.
 The machining and machinery industry is closely tied to economic conditions. An
economic downturn usually translates into slowdowns in this industry, and as the economy
improves there typically are delays before machine tool shipments and employment trends reflect
the improvement.

U.S. Department of Labor projections indicate that job opportunities in this industry
should be good in the coming decade due to the increased numbers of automated production
processes that require the supervision of skilled machinists and a relative lack of candidates
entering training programs. Even if production levels fall, machinists will be needed to repair,
monitor, and control expensive automated equipment. For this reason, skilled machine workers
will be in modest demand for the foreseeable future. Workers with the best potential for
employment are those who become skilled at what they do and pursue advanced training or
education

Machine

A machine (or mechanical device) is a mechanical structure that uses power to apply
forces and control movement to perform an intended action. Machines can be driven by animals
and people, by natural forces such as wind and water, and by chemical, thermal, or electrical
power, and include a system of mechanisms that shape the actuator input to achieve a specific
application of output forces and movement. They can also include computers and sensors that
monitor performance and plan movement, often called mechanical systems.

Engine or Motor

An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert one form

of energy into mechanical energy.Heat engines, like the internal combustion engine, burn
a fuel to create heat which is then used to do work. Electric motors convert electrical energy
into mechanical motion, pneumatic motors use compressed air, and clockwork motors in wind-
up toys use elastic energy. In biological systems, molecular motors, like myosins in muscles,
use chemical energy to create forces and ultimately motion.
 The Watt steam engine was the first type of steam engine to make use of steam at a
pressure just above atmospheric to drive the piston helped by a partial vacuum. Improving on the
design of the 1712 Newcomen steam engine, the Watt steam engine, developed sporadically
from 1763 to 1775, was a great step in the development of the steam engine. Offering a dramatic
increase in fuel efficiency, James Watt's design became synonymous with steam engines, due in
no small part to his business partner, Matthew Boulton. It enabled rapid development of efficient
semi-automated factories on a previously unimaginable scale in places where waterpower was
not available. Later development led to steam locomotivesand great expansion of railway
transportation.

As for internal combustion piston engines, these were tested in France in 1807 by de
Rivaz and independently, by the Niépce brothers. They were theoretically advanced by Carnot in
1824.[citation needed]
In 1853–57 Eugenio Barsanti and Felice Matteucci invented and patented an
engine using the free-piston principle that was possibly the first 4-cycle engine.[13]

The invention of an internal combustion engine which was later commercially successful was
made during 1860 by Etienne Lenoir.[14]

In 1877 the Otto cycle was capable of giving a far higher power to weight ratio than steam
engines and worked much better for many transportation applications such as cars and aircraft.

The first commercially successful automobile, created by Karl Benz, added to the interest
in light and powerful engines. The lightweight petrol internal combustion engine, operating on a
four-stroke Otto cycle, has been the most successful for light automobiles, while the more
efficient Diesel engine is used for trucks and buses. However, in recent years, turbo Diesel
engines have become increasingly popular, especially outside of the United States, even for quite
small cars.

Earlier automobile engine development produced a much larger range of engines than is
in common use today. Engines have ranged from 1- to 16-cylinder designs with corresponding
differences in overall size, weight, engine displacement, and cylinder bores. Four cylinders and
power ratings from 19 to 120 hp (14 to 90 kW) were followed in a majority of the models.
Several three-cylinder, two-stroke-cycle models were built while most engines had straight or in-
line cylinders. There were several V-type models and horizontally opposed two- and four-
cylinder makes too. Overhead camshafts were frequently employed. The smaller engines were
commonly air-cooled and located at the rear of the vehicle; compression ratios were relatively
low. The 1970s and 1980s saw an increased interest in improved fuel economy, which caused a
return to smaller V-6 and four-cylinder layouts, with as many as five valves per cylinder to
improve efficiency. The Bugatti Veyron 16.4 operates with a W16 engine, meaning that
two V8 cylinder layouts are positioned next to each other to create the W shape sharing the same
crankshaft.

The largest internal combustion engine ever built is the Wärtsilä-Sulzer RTA96-C, a 14-
cylinder, 2-stroke turbocharged diesel engine that was designed to power the Emma Mærsk, the
largest container ship in the world when launched in 2006. This engine has a mass of 2,300
tonnes, and when running at 102 RPM (1.7 Hz) produces over 80 MW, and can use up to 250
tonnes of fuel per day.

Types

Heat engine is a system that converts heat or thermal energy—and chemical energy—
to mechanical energy, which can then be used to do mechanical work.[1][2] It does this by
bringing a working substance from a higher state temperature to a lower state temperature. A
heat source generates thermal energy that brings the working substance to the high temperature
state. The working substance generates work in the working body of the engine
while transferring heat to the colder sink until it reaches a low temperature state. During this
process some of the thermal energy is converted into work by exploiting the properties of the
working substance. The working substance can be any system with a non-zero heat capacity, but
it usually is a gas or liquid. During this process, some heat is normally lost to the surroundings
and is not converted to work. Also, some energy is unusable because of friction and drag.

Combustion engines are heat engines driven by the heat of a combustion process.

The internal combustion engine is an engine in which the combustion of a fuel

(generally, fossil fuel) occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber. In an
internal combustion engine the expansion of the high temperature and high pressure gases, which
are produced by the combustion, directly applies force to components of the engine, such as
the pistons or turbine blades or a nozzle, and by moving it over a distance, generates
mechanical work.

An external combustion engine (EC engine) is a heat engine where an internal

working fluid is heated by combustion of an external source, through the engine wall or a heat
exchanger. The fluid then, by expanding and acting on the mechanism of the engine produces
motion and usable work.[20] The fluid is then cooled, compressed and reused (closed cycle), or
(less commonly) dumped, and cool fluid pulled in (open cycle air engine).

"Combustion" refers to burning fuel with an oxidizer, to supply the heat. Engines of similar (or
even identical) configuration and operation may use a supply of heat from other sources such as
nuclear, solar, geothermal or exothermic reactions not involving combustion; but are not then
strictly classed as external combustion engines, but as external thermal engines.

The working fluid can be a gas as in a Stirling engine, or steam as in a steam engine or an
organic liquid such as n-pentane in an Organic Rankine cycle. The fluid can be of any
composition; gas is by far the most common, although even single-phase liquid is sometimes
used. In the case of the steam engine, the fluid changes phases between liquid and gas.

Air-breathing combustion engines are combustion engines that use the oxygen in
atmospheric air to oxidise ('burn') the fuel, rather than carrying an oxidiser, as in a rocket.
Theoretically, this should result in a better specific impulse than for rocket engines.

A continuous stream of air flows through the air-breathing engine. This air is
compressed, mixed with fuel, ignited and expelled as the exhaust gas.

Extreme Engines

Extreme Engineering, Ltd. engages in developing, engineering, and manufacturing of

mud pulse and electromagnetic tools. The company offers mud pulse telemetry systems that offer
inclination/azimuth, full MWD, and gamma-ray logging for performance drilling applications;
and electromagnetic telemetry systems for inclination/azimuth, full MWD, gamma-ray logging,
and bore/annular pressure while drilling. It also provides XHOP, which enables integration
between rotary steerable and MWD systems for real time display of the rotary steerable system
parameters; and DynamX, a shock and RPM sensor package. Extreme Engineering, Ltd. was
incorporated in 2001 and is headquartered in Calgary, Canada. It has operations in Calgary,
Canada; Fort Worth, Texas; Minot, North Dakota; Commerce City, Colorado; Morgantown,
West Virginia; and Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. As of June 24, 2008, Extreme Engineering, Ltd.
operates as a subsidiary of Schlumberger Canada Limited
 References
https://www.lynda.com/Vault-tutorials/Introduction-Vault-secrets-engines/724796/789443-
4.html

https://www.bing.com/search?q=engine&qs=n&form=QBRE&sp=-1&pq=engine&sc=8-
6&sk=&cvid=63B4EF5C865143929C21A9574B40D61B

https://www.vault.com/industries-professions/industries/machining-and-machinery

https://www.bing.com/search?q=MACHINE&qs=n&form=QBRE&sp=-1&pq=machine&sc=8-
7&sk=&cvid=95D4D19FC7FA4A6BBBEC4A425BA85CFF

https://www.bing.com/search?q=extreme+engineering+mwd&qs=AS&pq=extreme+engine&sk=
HS1AS5&sc=8-14&cvid=602FA897E76D4AC9AE02DA3D877DBAC5&FORM=QBRE&sp=7

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engine