DESIGN OF COUNTERFORT TYPE RETAINING WALL-LS3

INPUT DATA: 11.92

HEIGHT OF THE WALL (ABOVE G.L.)= 15.346 m
SAFE BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL(P) = 35 t/sqm
ANGLE OF internal friction = 28 0

WEIGHT OF SOIL(W) = 2.1 t/cum

SPACING OF COUNTERFORTS(L) = 3.00 m
CONCRETE WEIGHT = 2.5 t/cum
GRADE OF CONCRETE = M30
(FOR GIVEN GRADE OF CONCRETE) Q1 = 14.349
j= 0.893
t = 1900 t/sqcm
0
SURCHARGE ANGLE= 0
Ka= 0.361

Depth of Foundation = 2.172 say 1.500 m

Thickness of the base slab = 101.076 say 150 cm

Thickness of the upright slab = 28.66 say 60 cm

Base width range = 10.1076 m 11.7922 m say 12.50 m

Toe projection = 3.125 m say 4.000 m

0.60

4 7.900
1.50
1.50

12.50

23.52
28.39 26.84
3.31 3.08
p1 = 28.39 t/sqm
p2 = 23.52 t/sqm
DESIGN OF UPRIGHT SLAB:
Area of steel required = 9.184 sqcm
Provide 16 mm bars @ 210 mm c/c
Steel provided= 9.58 sqcm O.K
Distribution steel per face metre run= 4.5 sqcm
Provide 12 mm bars @ 250 mm c/c
Steel provided= 4.53 sqcm O.K
DESIGN OF TOE SLAB:
Area of steel required = 77.29 sqcm
Provide 32 mm bars @ 100 mm c/c
Steel provided= 80.46 sqcm O.K
Distribution steel per face metre run= 11.25 sqcm
Provide 16 mm bars @ 170 mm c/c
Steel provided= 11.83 sqcm O.K
DESIGN OF HEEL SLAB:
Area of steel required = 18.000 sqcm
Provide 20 mm bars @ 170 mm c/c top and bottom
Steel provided= 18.49 sqcm O.K
DESIGN OF COUNTERFORT:
Counterfort top width = 0.60 m
Counterfort thickness = 60 cm
Area of steel required = 107.62 sqcm
Provide 22 Nos of 25 Dia. Bars
Steel provided = 108.04 sqcm O.K
Curtailment of bars:
Let h1 be the depth at which 6 bars can be curtailed, then
h1= 13.09 m say 13.00 m from the top.
Let h2 be the depth at which 5 bars can be curtailed, then
h2= 10.85 m say 10.00 m from the top.
Let h3 be the depth at which 6 bars can be curtailed, then
h3= 7.32 m say 7.00 m from the top.
Connection between counterfort and the upright slab :
Steel reqired per face per metre height = 7.348 sqcm
Provide 12 mm dia two legged links 150 mm c/c
Steel provided = 7.54 sqcm O.K
Connection between counterfort and the heel slab :
Steel reqired per face per metre height = 15.731 sqcm
Provide 12 mm dia two legged links 140 mm c/c
Steel provided = 16.16 sqcm O.K

F.O.S. (O.T.)= O.K.

F.O.S. (sliding)= O.K.

Counterfort_Design
 SECTION '3-3'
INPUT DATA:
HEIGHT OF THE WALL = 15.346 m
SAFE BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL(P) = 35 t/sqm
ANGLE OF REPOSE(ø) = 28
UNIT WEIGHT OF SOIL(r) = 2.1 t/cum
SPACING OF COUNTERFORTS(L) = 3.00 m
CONCRETE WEIGHT = 2.5 t/cum
GRADE OF CONCRETE = M30
(FOR GIVEN GRADE OF CONCRETE) Q1 = 14.349
j= 0.893
t = 1900 t/sqcm
DESIGN CALCULATIONS:
Active earth pressure coefficient (Ka) = 0.361

Depth of Foundation = P/W((1-SINø)/(1+SINø))^2 = 2.17 m

Say 1.500 m
Total height of the wall (H) = 15.346 + 1.500 = 16.846 m

BASE SLAB:
Thickness of the base slab shall be nearly greater of the following
1). 4.17 * L * H^0.5 = 51.35 cm
2).2 * L * H = 101.076 cm
Let us provide 150 cm overall for the base slab

BASE SLAB WIDTH:

This will be kept from 0.6 to 0.7 H i.e., 10.1076 m to 11.79 m
Let us provide a base width of 12.50 m

UPRIGHT SLAB:
Actual height of the upright slab = 16.846 - 1.5 = 15.346 m

Pressure intensity at the bottom of the upright slab(P1) =Ka* r *H* 11.63 t/sqm
=

Max.B.M for the upright slab @ bottom (M) = P1*L^2/12 = 8.726 t-m

Effective depth reqired =((M*10^5)/(Q1*100))^0.5 = 24.66 cm

Assuming effective cover of 4 cm

Overall depth = 24.66 + 4 28.66 cm
=

The thickness of the upright slab will be kept uniformly as 60 cm

TOE PROJECTION: This will be kept at about 1/4 of the width of the base.
Toe projection = 3.125 m
Let us provide a toe projection of 4m
 Ph
w1

0.60
w3
4.0 7.900
1.50
1.50 w2 A

12.50
SECTION OF COUNTERFORT RETAINING WALL

23.52
28.39 26.84
3.31 3.08

PRESSURE DIAGRAM

STABILITY CALCULATIONS:
Taking moments about "A"
Particulars Load L.A Moment
in t in m t-m
w1= 0.60 15.346 2.50 23.02 8.20 188.76
w2= 12.50 1.50 2.50 46.88 6.25 292.97
w3= 7.90 15.346 2.10 254.6 3.95 1005.63
ph= ( Ka * r * h^3 ) / 6 107.58 5.62 604.10

324.48 2091.45
Total length of wall= 5m
Total Load= 1622.42
L.A = Moment/Load = 6.45 m

Eccentricity = L.A - B/2 = 0.195 m

Stress(p) = Load/Base width(1 + or - (6*e)/b)

p1 = 28.394 t/sqm R= 324.48

p2 = 23.523 t/sqm e=0.20m
6.05 6.45
A
28.394
23.523
6.25 6.25

Factor of safety against over turning = 1487.36 / 604.10

= 2.46 > 2
O.K.
Factor of safety against sliding = µ∑V/∑H
(µ = 0.5 )
= 1.508 > 1.5
O.K.
DESIGN OF UPRIGHT SLAB:

Maximum B.M per metre run of the wall = 8.73 t - m = 872616 kg - cm

Overall thickness = 60 cm
Effctive depth = 56 cm
Area of steel required = B.M / ( t * j * d ) = 9.18 sqcm
Provide 16 mm bars @ 210 mm c/c
Steel provided= 9.58 sqcm > 9.18 sqcm O.K
Distribution steel per metre run = 0.15% * 100 * D = 9 sqcm
Distribution steel per face metre run= 4.5 sqcm
Provide 12 mm bars @ 250 mm c/c
Steel provided= 4.53 sqcm > 4.500 sqcm O.K

DESIGN OF TOE SLAB:

Consider one metre run of wall.

Particulars Load L.A Moment
in t in m t-m
u1= 26.84 4.00 107.34 2.00 214.68
u2= 0.5 4.00 1.56 3.12 1.33 4.16

Self wt.of
Toe slab 4.00 1.50 2.50 -15.00 2.00 -30.00
95.46 188.84

Maximum B.M per metre run of the wall = 188.84 t-m 18884088.5 kg-cm
Overall thickness = 150 cm
Effctive depth = 144 cm
Area of steel required = B.M/t*j*d = 77.29 sqcm
Provide 32 mm bars @ 100 mm c/c
Steel provided= 80.46 sqcm > 77.29 sqcm O.K
Distribution steel per metre run = 0.15% * 100 * D = 22.5 sqcm
Distribution steel per face metre run = 11.25 sqcm
Provide 16 mm bars @ 170 mm c/c
Steel provided= 11.83 sqcm > 11.25 sqcm O.K

DESIGN OF HEEL SLAB:

Consider one metre wide strip of heel slab near the end of heel.
Particulars Load in t/sqm
Wt. of soil on the strip 15.346 2.10 32.23
Self wt.of Heel slab 1.50 2.50 3.75
Upward pressure -23.5
12.45

Spacing of Counterforts = 3 m
Maximum B.M per metre run of the wall = 9.34 t-m 934006.08 kg-cm
Overall thickness = 150 cm
Effctive depth = 144 cm
Area of steel required = B.M /( t * j * d )= 3.82 sqcm
Min. steel = 0.12 x 150 = 18 sqcm
100
Provide 20 mm bars @ 170 mm c/c
Steel provided= 18.49 sqcm > 18.00 sqcm O.K
DESIGN OF COUNTERFORTS:
It is proposed to provide for the counterfort a top width of 0.60
The thickness of the counterfort may be kept as 60
Total lateral earth pressure transferred to one counterfort above the level of the base slab ( Ph )
Ph = Ka*r*(h^2)/2*l = 267.82 t
Maxi. B.M for the counterfort = Ph * h / 3= 1370.0 t-m 137000566 kg-cm
Overall width of counterfort at the base = 8.5 m = 850 cm

Effective depth available = 844 cm

effective depth required = 137000566 = 398.91 cm
14.349 x 60.00

Depth available : Sin x = 0.430

Cos x = 0.903
Perpendicular distance from heel-stem junction to slope of counterfort is
16.607 * Sin x = 7.134 m
d= 713 - 10
= 703 cm > 399 cm
OK

Inclination of the main steel with the vertical is given by = 0.4757

Area of steel required = B.M/t*j*d*Secb= 107.62 sqcm
Provide 22 nos of 25 mm dia. bars
Steel provided = 108.04 sqcm > 107.62 sqcm O.K

Curtailment of bars:
Let h1 be the depth at which 6 bars can be curtailed, then
22 - 6 = h1^2
22 H^2
h1= 13.09 m say 13.00 m from the top.

Let h2 be the depth at which 5 bars can be curtailed, then

22 - 11 = h2^2
22 H^2
h2= 10.85 m say 10 m from the top.

Let h3 be the depth at which 6 bars can be curtailed, then

22 - 17 = h3^2
22 H^2
h3= 7.32 m say 7 m from the top.

Connection between counterfort and the upright slab :

consider the bottom 1 m height of the upright slab.
The pressure on this strip is = 11.63 t/sqm
Lateral earth pressure transferred to the counfort for 1m height = 27.92 t
Steel reqired per 1m height = 14.70 sqcm
Since the reinforcement is provided in the form of horizontal links of two legs each ,
Face per metre height = 14.70 / 2 = 7.35 sqcm
Provide 12 mm dia two legged links 150 mm c/c
Steel provided = 7.54 sqcm > 7.35 sqcm o.k

Connection between counterfort and the heel slab :

Consider one metre wide strip of heel slab near the end of heel.
Pressure on this strip is = 12.45 t/sqm
Tension transferred to m width of the counfort near the heel end = 29.89 t
Steel reqired per 1m width = 15.73 sqcm
Provide 12 mm dia two legged links 140 mm c/c
Steel provided = 16.16 sqcm > 15.73 sqcm o.k