ARELLANO UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF LAW

CONSTITUTIONAL LAW I COURSE OUTLINE First Sem 2019

ATTY ROBERTO A. DEMIGILLO

Objective : By end of semester, the student should have attained incisive knowledge of
The doctrines, principles, concepts,. Laws and jurisprudence on the subject.

TOPICS CASES, LAWS and READINGS

a. Introduction

1. Treaty of Paris
2. President McKinley’s Instruction to the Second Philippine
Commission
3. The Philippine Bill of 1902 Javellana v. Executive Secretary, 50 SCRA 30
4. The Philippine Autonomy Act of 1916 (1973)
5. Tydings-McDuffie Law of 1935 Planas vs. Comelec, 49 SCRA 105 (1973)
6. 1935 Constitution Sanidad vs. Comelec 73 SCRA 333 (1976
7. 1973 Constitution Occena vs. Comelec 104 SCRA 1 (1981)
8. The Freedom Constitution (Proclamation No. 3, 1986)
9. The 1987 Constitution MANILA PRINCE HOTEL V GSIS, 267 SCRA 408
 The Constitutional Commission of 1986 CHUA
 Proclamation No. 58 (Feb. 11, 1987)
 Ratification MARBURY V MADISON, 5 US 137 CLAUDIO
10. Interpretation of the Constitution ANGARA V ELECTORAL COMMISSION.. 63 PHIL 139
11. Supremacy of the Constitution CLEOFAS
MARIA CAROLINA ARAULLO VS BENIGNO SIMEON
AQUINO III, GR 209287 DAIS
RULES OF INTERPRETATION FRANCISCO V. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, GR
160261 NOV. 10, 2003 DY KRISTEL

b. Preamble

1. Purpose and effect of the Preamble Aglipay v. Ruiz, 64 Phil 201, 206 ESGUERRA
2. The Difference between the Preamble in the 1935
Constitution and the 1973 and 1987 Constitutions

c. The National Territory (Article I)

1. The need to define territorial limits of the country. Administrative Order 29 Sept 5, 2012 naming
2. It is not the Constitution that definitely fixes the extent of West Phil Seas
Philippine Territory.
3. National Territory under the 1935 Constitution; four Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case, UK v Norway,
reference points ICJ 1951 ESTOYA
a. Treaty of Paris of December 10, 1898
b. Treaty of Washington of November 7, 1900 READ
c. Treaty between Great Britain and the United States of
January 2, 1930
Protecting the Nation’s Marine Wealth in the
d. “All territory over which the present Government
West Philippine Sea. By Justice Antonio Carpio,
exercises jurisdiction”
March 2014
4. Baselines
a. Republic Act 3046 (1961)
The Rule of Law in the West Philippine Sea
b. Republic Act 5446 (1968)
Dispute by Justice Antonio Carpio, August 29,
c. Republic Act 9522 (2009)
2013
d. National Territory in the 1973 Constitution
a. Three groups
Professor Merlin Magalona v Eduardo Ermita
i. The Philippine archipelago ; definition
GR 187167, July 16, 2011
ii. Other territories belonging to the Philippines by
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historic right and by legal title.

iii. Philippine waters, air-space and submarine The National Territory of the Philippines, A Brief
areas Study by Maria Reymunda Carmen Balasbas
o Territorial Sea ; right of innocent
passage PROVINCE OF NORTH COTABATO V GRP PEACE
PANEL ON ANCESTRAL DOMAIN, 568 SCRA 402
b. 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea FABREGAS
(LOS)
a. Archipelagic State
Arbitral Decision of the Permanent Court or
b. Archipelago
Arbitration - Philippines and China
c. Territorial Sea
d. Baselines ; two ways of drawing baseline FERNANDEZ
e. Sovereignty over territorial waters
f. Archipelagic waters
g. Insular shelf
h. National Territory in the 1987 Constitution
a. “All other territories over which the Philippines
has sovereignty or jurisdiction”
b. “its terrestrial, fluvial and aerial domains,
including the territorial sea, the seabed,
the subsoil, the insular shelves, and other
submarine areas thereof.”

d. Declaration of Principles and State Policies (Article II)

1. The Title of the Article

2. State Collection of Internal Revenue v. Campos Rueda
a. Definition and Elements of State 42 SCRA 23 (1971) GACHO
3. People
a. Definition
b. Roles (as provided in the 1987 Constitution)
i. Inhabitants – Art. II, Sec. 15 & 16 ; Art. III, Sec.
1&2
ii. Voters – Art. VII, Sec. 4 ; Art. XVI, Sec 2 ; Art.
XVIII, Sec. 25
iii. Citizens – Art. II, Sec. 1 & 4; Art. III, Sec. 7. Reagan vs. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, 30
4. Territory
SCRA 968, 973-975 GANO
a. Defined in Article I
5. Government People v. Gozo, 53 SCRA 476 GARCES
a. Definition
Administrative Code of 1987 (Executive Order US v. Dorr, 2 Phil. 332 HERNANDEZ
292) Sec 2 (1) Bacani v. Nacoco, 100 Phil 468, 471
b. Constituent / Ministrant Functions LLENARESAS
c. De Jure / De Facto Government People vs. SB, GR. No. 14591, August 12, 2003
d. Sovereignty MIAA vs, Court of Appeals, GR. No. 155650, July
i. Definition
ii. Meaning of Rule of Law 20, 2006 MADLANGBAYAN
e. Democratic and Republican State ACCFA v. CUGCO, 30 SCRA 649
Republican form of Government –defined Valmonte vs. Belmonte, 170 SCRA 256
Co Kim Chan v. Valdez Tan Keh, 75 Phil 113
f. State Immunity MAMAOAG
Difference between Suability and Liability Lawyer’s League v. Aquino, GR No. 73748, May
22, 1986 MANAOG
Harvey v. Commission, 162 SCRA 840 MUROS

State Immunity
Municipality of Hagonoy Bulacan v Hon. Simeon
Dumdum Jr. GR 168289, March 22, 2010
NOCEDA

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Air Transportation Office v. David, Feb 23, 2011,

SUIT AGAINST FOREIGN STATES GR 159402 PARAS
China National Machinery & Equipment Corp. v
Hon Cesar Santamaria, GR 185572, Feb 7, 2012
RAGILES
Metran v. Paredes, 79 Phil 819 RAMIREZ
Angat River Irrigation System v. Angat River
Worker’s Union, 102 Phil 789 REYES
Bureau of Printing v Bureau of Printing
Employees’ Assn., 1 SCRA 340 SABILLO
Mobil Phils, v. Customs Arrastre Service, 18 SCRA
1120 SALVADOR
Syquia v. Almeda Lopez, 84 Phil 312 SAN
PEDRO
Ruiz v. Cabahug, 102 Phil, 110 SENORES
Festejo v. Fernando, 94 Phil 504 SINLAO
Manila Hotel Employees Assn. v. Manila Hotel, 73
Phil 374 TORRES
Republic v. Villasor, 54 SCRA 83
Providence Washington Insurance Co. v. Republic
of the Philippines, 29 SCRA 598
Republic v. Purisima, 78 SCRA 470
Veterans Manpower and Protective Services, Inc. v.
CA, 214 SCRA 286 VILLAJIN
Calub and Valencia v. Court of Appeals, GR
115634, April 27, 2000 BALDOVICIO
Ministerio v. CFI, 40 SCRA 464 DE LA CRUZ

Baer v. Tizon, 57 SCRA 1 GUEVARA

Suzette Nicolas v, Romulo, et al, GR 175888,
February 11, 2009 GUIEB
Traders Royal Bank v. IAC, 192 SCRA 305
Delos Santos v. IAC, 223 SCRA 11Santiago v.
Republic, 87 SCRA 294
Republic v. Sandoval, 220 SCRA 124
Merritt v. Government of the Philippine Islands, 34
Phil. 311

DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE V NLRC,

227 SCRA 693 MEDINA
PHIL. AGILA SATELLITE V LICHAUCO, GR
134887 PINEDA
AMADO LANSANG V CA, GR102667, FEB 23,
2000 RED
REPUBLIC V SANDOVAL 220 SCRA
RODRIGUEZ
REPUBLIC V ALBIOS 707 SCRA 584 TAN
UP BOR V CA, GR134629 TAWAY
COTESCUP V SEC OF EDUCATION, GR
216930, OCT 2018 TEMPLONUEVO
UNIVERSITY OF SAN AGUSTIN V CA 230
SCRA 761 TORIO
SSS EMPLOYEES ASSO V CA, 175 SCRA 686
TUAZON
ARIGO V SWIFT, GR 206510 (2014)
VILLAMAR
THE HOLY SEE V ROSARIO (Dec. 17, 1994)
VILLAMOR

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6. Section 2 Renunciation of war, Adoption of International
Law, Adherence to policy of peace, equality, justice, freedom
, cooperation , amity with all nations.
a. UN Charter
b. Defensive wars
c. International Law; Doctrine of transformation;
Doctrine of incorporation
d. Doctrine of Immunity from suit of a foreign state
7. Section 3, Civilian Supremacy
a. Role of the armed forces – Art. VII, Sec. 18 ; Art.
XVI, Sec. 5 (4) ; Art. XVI Sec. 5
(2)
b. Protector of the people
8. Section 4, Protection of the People and State
9. Section 5, Peace and order, General welfare
d.1 State Policies
1. Section 7 Independent Foreign Policy and Section 8,
Freedom from nuclear weapons
2. Section 9, Promotion of social order and Section 10,
Promotion of Social Justice
a. Article XIII. Section 1-2
3. Section 11, Personal dignity and human rights
a. Article XIII, Sections 17-19
4. Section 12, Family as basic and social institution
a. Art. XV (The Family); Article II, Section 13; Family
Code, Article I.
b. Protection of the life of the mother and the unborn
from conception
c. Natural right and duty of parents
5. Section 13, Role of the youth
6. Section 14, Fundamental equality of women and men
7. Section 15, Right to health ; Section 16, Balanced and
healthful ecology
a. Article XIII, Sections 11 to 13 on Health
8. Section 17, Education, science and technology, arts, culture
and sports
a. Article XIV, Section 2
9. Section 18, Protection of Labor
a. Article XIII, Section 3; Art III, Sec. 8; Art. IX-B.
Section 2(5)
10. Sections 19 and 20, Nationalist Economy and Private
Initiative
a. Article XII.
11. Section 21, Agrarian Reform
a. Article XIII, Sections 4-8
12. Section 22, Indigenous cultural communities
a. Article VI, Section 5 (2); Article XII, Section 5;
Article XIII, Section 6;
Article XIV, Section 17; Article XVI, Section 12
13. Section 23, Community based private organizations ,
Volunteerism and participation of non-
government organizations
USA V RUIZ, 136 SCRA 487 CHUA
MINUCHER V CA GR 76609 (1990)
CLAUDIO
REP. OF INDONESIA V VINZON, GR 154705
DAIS
DFA V NLRC, GR 113191, (1997) DY
ATCI V ECHIN, GR 178551, OCT 11, 2010
ESGUERRA
Declaration of Principles
Mejoff v. Director of Prisons . 90 Phil 70
ESTOYA
Kuroda v. Jalandoni , 83 Phil 171 (1949)
Doctrine of Immunity from suit of a foreign state
Raquiza v. Bradford 75 Phil 50 FABREGAS
People v. Manayao, 78 Phil. 721, 727
MAQUILING V COMELEC, GR 195649
DEUTSCHE BANK AG MANILA BRANCH V
CIR, 704 SCRA 216 FERNANDEZ
REPUBLIC V MANALO, GR 221029 GACHO
State Policies
Calalang vs. Williams, 70 Phil. 726 GANO
Astudillo vs. Secretary, GR 139285, December 21,
2007 GARCES
Danan v. CA , GR 132759, October 25, 2005
Luz Farms v. Secretary of Agrarian Reform, GR
86889, December 4, 1990
Santos v. Land Bank, GR 137431, September 7,
2000 HERNANDEZ
Del Rosario v Bengzon, GR 88265, December 21,
1989
CHR Employees v. CHR, GR 155336, July
21,2006LLENARESAS
Simon v. Human Rights Commission, 229 SCRA
117
Carino v. CHR, GR 96681, December 2, 1991
Vinuya v. Exec Secretary, GR 182230, April 28,
2010 MADLANGBAYAN
Roe v. Wade 410 U.S. 113
Angeles v. Judge Sison, 112 SCRA 26
MAMAOAG
Cabanas v. Pilapil, 58 SCRA 94
PASEI v. Drilon, 163 SCRA 386 MANAOG
Oposa v. Factoran Jr. 224 SCRA 792 MUROS
Laguna Lake Development Authority v. Court of
Appeals, 231 SCRA 292
LLDA v. Court of Appeals, G.R. Nos. 120865-71,
December 7, 1995 NOCEDA
Province of Rizal v. Executive Secretary, G.R.
129546 December 13, 2005
SSS Employees Assn. v. CA, 175 SCRA 686
PARAS
Tanada v. Angara, G.R. 118295, May 2, 1997
Manila Prince Hotel v. GSIS, GR 122156,
February 3, 1997
Cruz v. DENR secretary, GR No. 135385,
December 6, 2000 RAGILES
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a. Article XIII, Sections 15-16

14. Section 24, Communications
a. Article XVI, Sections 10-11; Article XVIII, Section
23
15. Section 25, Local Autonomy
a. Article X; Local Government Code of 1991, (RA
7160)
16. Section 26, Political dynasties
17. Section 27 and 28, Honesty and integrity in public service ;
Full public disclosure
a. Article XI, Accountability of Public Officers
b. Article XI, Sections 4, 5,6 (Ombudsman)
c. Article XI, Section 17, (SALN)
d. Article VII, Section 12 (President’s health)
e. Article VII, Section 20 (publication of loan
applications)
f. Article XII, Section 21 (making public, foreign loans)
g. Article XII, Section 2 (5) (contracts with foreign
groups)
h. Article VII, Sections 12, 20
i. Article IX-D, Section 4 (COA Annual report)
j. Article III, Section 7 (Right to Information)
Right to Health
Tondo Medical Center Employees v CA,
GR 167324, July 17, 2007 RAMIREZ
Phil Health Care Providers v Commissioner of
Internal Revenue, GR 16733O, Sept 18, 2009
PLDT v. NTC, G.R. No. 88404. October 18, 1990
Limbonas v. Mangelin, 170 SCRA 786 REYES
Basco v Pagcor, 197 SCRA 52
Disomangcop v DPWH Secretary, GR 149848,
November 25, 2004 SALVADOR
Aquilino Pimentel Jr. v Executive Secretary GR
195770, July 17, 2012SAN PEDRO
Province of North Cotabato v. GRP Peace Panel
on Ancestral domain, G.R. 183591, October 14,
2008 SENORES
Legaspi v. CSC, 150 SCRA 530 SINLAO

e. Citizenship (Article IV)

1. Citizens at the time of the adoption of the 1987 Constitution Lee v. Director of Lands, G.G. No. 128195,
a. Citizenship October 3, 2001 TORRES
b. Definition Republic v. Chule Lim, G.R. No. 153883, January
c. 3 modes of acquiring citizenship 13, 2004 VILLAJIN
2. Citizens under the 1935 Constitution CALILANG V DATUMANONG GR 160869
3. Citizens at the time of the adoption of 1973 Constitution BALDIVICIO
4. Children of Filipino fathers or mothers Tecson v. Comelec, GR. No. 161434, March 3,
5. Citizens by election 2004 DE LA CRUZ
6. Naturalization Bengzon v. HRET, G.R. 142840, May 7, 2001
a. By Judicial Proceeding GUEVARA
b. By Administrative Proceeding (RA No. 9138) Coquilla v. Comelec, GR No. 151914, July 31,
c. By Direct Act of Congress 2002 GUIEB
d. Denaturalization Tabasa v. Court of Appeals, GR No. 125793,
7. Natural Born Citizens August 29, 2006 MEDINA
8. Loss of citizenship Altarejos v. Comelec, GR. No. 163256, Nov. 10,
9. Reacquisition of citizen 2004 PINEDA
10. Marriage to an alien spouse De Guzman v. Comelec GR No. 180048, June 19,
11. Dual citizenship : Republic Act No. 9225 (September 17, 2009 RED
2003) Valles v. Comelec, GR No. 137000, August 9, 2000
12. Dual Allegiance RODRIGUEZ

REPUBLIC V NORA SAGUN, GR 187567 TAN

IN RE CHING, BAR MATTER 914 (1999)
TAWAY
CO V HRET, 199 SCRA 692 TEMPLONUEVO
SO V RP, 513 SCRA 267 TORINO
DAVID V AGBAY, GR 1991113 MAR 18, 2015
TORIO
AZNAR V COMELEC, GR 83820 TUAZON
POE V COMELEC, GR 221697 (2016)
VILLAMAR

f. Suffrage (Article V)

1. Suffrage as a right and duty Romualdez v. Regional Trial Court, 226 SCRA 408
2. Citizenship qualification VILLAMOR

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3. Age qualification
4. Residence qualification
5. Absentee Voting
6. Prohibited qualifications
 Literacy test
 Property
7. Requirement of registration.
Gallego v Verra 73 Phil 453, 455-456
BALDOVICIO
Faypon v Quirino, 96 Phil 294, 299-300 CHUA
Nicolas Lewis v Comelec GR 162759, August 4,
2006 DE LA CRUZ
Velasco v Comelec, GR 180051, December 24, 2008
CLAUDIO
Yra v Abano, 52 Phil 380 GUEVARA
People v Corral, 62 Phil 948 CLEOFAS
Cristobal v Labrador, 71 Phil 38 GUIEB
Akbayan v Comelec, GR 147066, March 26, 2001
DAIS