REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON REPUBLIQUE DU CAMEROUN

Peace – Work – Fatherland Paix – Travail - Patrie

MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION MINISTERE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR

THE UNIVERSITY OF BAMENDA L’UNIVERSITE DE BAMENDA

P.O. Box 39, Bambili B.P. 39, Bambili
Fax (237) 233 366 030 - Website: www.uniba-edu.cm Fax (237) 233 366 030 - Website: www.uniba-edu.cm

National Higher Polytechnic Institute Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique

(School of Engineering) (Ecoled’Ingénieurs)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS

ENGINEERING
MICROCONTROLLERS AND APPLICATIONS

DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-

OVER SYSTEM FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER
CAMPUS BLOCK

PRESENTED BY GROUP 2

NAME MATRICULE
NANYEM NJOUSSI YTEL YVAN UBa17E0061
NGONGBI BORIS SIWOOM UBa17E0062
TAAH PATIENCE TIFUH UBa17E0063
AWANGUM NOEL NKWA UBa17E0064
DJITSA MARSHAL GALILEE UBa17E0065
FOZO FRU ALFRED UBa17E0066
MUKORO SAMUEL TINYA N UBa17E0067
AMBE CLOVIS NGWA UBa17E0070
NEBA ELVIS NGWA UBa19E3051

COURSE INSTRUCTOR:
MR. TCHASSO SERGE
DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-OVER SYSTEM
FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER CAMPUS BLOCK
 DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-OVER SYSTEM
FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER CAMPUS BLOCK

Table of Contents
Table of figures 1
INTRODUCTION 2
BLOCK DIGRAM OF THE SYSTEM 2
Figure 1: Block Diagram 2
Power supply Unit: 3
Input Unit: 3
Control Unit: 3
Figure 2: Control Unit 3
Relay Unit: 3
Figure 3: Relay Unit 4
Contactor Unit: 4
Display Unit: 4
FUNCTIONING 4
FLOW CHART 5
Figure 4: Flowchart 5
SIMULATION DIAGRAM 6
Figure 5: Simulation Diagram 6
PCB BOARD 7
Figure 6: PCB Board 8
PROGRAM CODE 9

Table of figures
Figure 1: Block Diagram
Figure 2: Control Unit
Figure 3: Relay Unit
Figure 4: Flowchart
Figure 5: Simulation Diagram
Figure 6: PCB Board
 DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-OVER SYSTEM
FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER CAMPUS BLOCK

INTRODUCTION
This project presents an automatic changeover system to be used in controlling power in
NAHPI/FED administrative block. This project is aimed at facilitating the switching of power between the
three different sources. This block is currently powered from the AC mains and two backup generators
that are manually started when the AC mains fails. These three sources of power are interconnected
with the help of a manual changeover switch. In this project we have designed an automatic changeover
switch which will ensure that switching between the three power supplies is done automatically.

BLOCK DIGRAM OF THE SYSTEM

Power
Supply Unit

Control Relay Contactor Load

Input Unit Unit Unit
Unit

Display
Unit

Figure 1: Block Diagram

 DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-OVER SYSTEM
FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER CAMPUS BLOCK

Power supply Unit:

This unit is made up of power supply from the AC Mains and the two backup generators of NAHPI and
FED.

Input Unit:
This unit is made up of three 5V power supplies from the three different powers sources. This unit
enables the control unit to know which power source is available. The schematic diagram of this unit is
shown in figure 2.

Control Unit:
This unit is the heart of this project. The control unit receives signals from the input unit and then
controls the switching of power between the three sources by sending signals to the relay unit. This unit
is designed with a PIC16F84A microcontroller. Below is a schematic diagram of this unit.

Figure 2: Control Unit

Relay Unit:
The relay unit receives signals from the control unit, and sends signals to the contactor unit. This unit is
made up of three 5V relays and three BC547 transistors, used for switching the relay. The schematic
diagram of this unit is shown below.
 DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-OVER SYSTEM
FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER CAMPUS BLOCK

Figure 3: Relay Unit

Contactor Unit:
This unit receives signals from the relay unit and then switches power to the load. It is comprised of
three contactors, one for each power supply.

Display Unit:
This unit comprises of three LEDs used to indicate the available power supply

FUNCTIONING
This automatic change over system is made up of three power supplies which are the AC mains (ENEO),
NAHPI Generator and FED Generator. When the AC Mains is available, the system automatically
connects all loads to the AC mains. When there is power failure from the AC Mains, the system
automatically connects all loads to the first generator that is started. When the power from AC Mains is
restored, the system again automatically switches all loads to the AC Mains.
 DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-OVER SYSTEM
FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER CAMPUS BLOCK

FLOW CHART

Figure 4: Flowchart
 DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-OVER SYSTEM
FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER CAMPUS BLOCK

SIMULATION DIAGRAM

Figure 5: Simulation Diagram

 DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-OVER SYSTEM
FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER CAMPUS BLOCK

PCB BOARD
DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-OVER SYSTEM
FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER CAMPUS BLOCK

Figure 6: PCB Board

 DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-OVER SYSTEM
FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER CAMPUS BLOCK

PROGRAM CODE
const int del =1;

void main() {

TRISA = 0x1F;

TRISB = 0x00;

PORTB = 0x00;

while(1){

if(PORTA.F0==1){

PORTB.F0=1;

PORTB.F1=0;

PORTB.F2=0;

while(PORTA.F0);

PORTB.F0=0;

if(PORTA.F0==0){

if(PORTA.F1){

PORTB.F0=0;

PORTB.F1=1;

PORTB.F2=0;

while((PORTA.F0==0)&&(PORTA.F1));

PORTB.F1=0;
 DESIGN AND REALIZATION OF AN AUTOMATIC CHANGE-OVER SYSTEM
FOR NAHPI AND FED OFFICES IN LOWER CAMPUS BLOCK

}}

if((PORTA.F0==0)&&(PORTA.F1==0)){

if(PORTA.F2){

PORTB.F1=0;

PORTB.F0=0;

PORTB.F2=1;

while((PORTA.F0==0) && (PORTA.F1==0)&&(PORTA.F2));

PORTB.F2=0;

}}