Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Financial Accounting
Version: 1.0
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 1 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
FICO-GLA
Document Information
Document Status
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 2 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
INDEX
Contents
1 General information about the scenario .................................................................................... 5
1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................ 5
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 3 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
6 Process Linkages/Integration points ....................................................................................... 20
6.1 MM Module Integration ........................................................................................................ 20
12 Interface/Developments ............................................................................................................. 24
13 Conversions ............................................................................................................................... 24
14 Signoff ......................................................................................................................................... 24
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 4 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
1.1 Background
H-pack packaging industry LLC undertakes manufacturing, marketing and distribution of different
varieties of food packaging materials and related products. They manufacture high quality disposable
packaging materials and related materials, paper and protection and hygiene products through its
different manufacturing facilities in UK. Managed by a team of highly qualified and experienced
professionals, it has adopted policies for developing and enriching the potential of each of its
employees who serves the business. With a view to further expand operations and also to adopt
world class business practices, the management has decided to implement S/4 HANA ERP product
from SAP and they would like to derive the maximum benefits out of it.
H-pack plans to implement the following modules available in SAP S/4 HANA ERP:-
FI Financial Accounting
CO Controlling
SD Sales and Distribution
PP Production Planning & Controlling
MM Materials Management
HR Human Resources
To implement SAP S/4 HANA standard business processes, adhere to business basics and use
SAP as a model for best business practices.
Integrate business processes and functions across the organization.
Improve H-pack’s capacity to close its books quickly at the month end on a global and
consolidated basis.
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 5 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
H-pack expects the general ledger module in SAP to be a comprehensive financial management
solution that dramatically enhances financials controls, data collection, information access and
financial reporting through the organization. It should be the central repository of all the accounting
information of the organization. The module shall provide specific functions of passing journal entries
(Manual, Provisional, Recurring and Reversal Journals) and its subsequent postings.
General ledger should serve as a complete record of all business transactions of a client. It should be
possible to check actual individual transactions at any time in by displaying the original documents,
line items, and transaction figures at various levels such as:
Transaction Information
Journal
General Ledger – Line Item
Trial Balance / Account Balance
Profit & Loss and Balance Sheet evaluations
Apart from the above, it should also serve the following purposes:-
Compliance – Statutory & Legal requirements
Periodic financials for different purposes
Facilitate GL account wise planning and generation of cash flow reports
Integration with other modules
Internal controls and audit of information systems
Eliminate data redundancy
Automation of transactions to improve cycle time
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 6 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
4 Organizational Consideration
4.1.1 Company
A company is an organizational unit in accounting which represents a business organization
according to the requirements of commercial law in a particular country. You store basic data for each
company in company definition. You only specify particular functions when you customize in Financial
Accounting. Here company Hotpack Holdings and Investments (HPHI) has been mapped as company
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 7 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
has been mapped as company code under company HPHI. All manufacturing, trading and logistics
entities under HPUK Company code will be configured as plants.
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 8 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
5 Solutions in SAP
General ledger functionality in the FI module of SAP offers a comprehensive framework for
addressing requirements raised by H-pack during BBP discussions. Explanation of different features
available in GL module and how H-pack can use them to address their needs is described in sections
below.
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 9 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 10 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
Need for
Creation of GL
Select Tcode
FS00
Enter GL A/c
Number &
Company Code
Select Account
group
Select the
Account type-B/
s or P&L
GL Account
Name
Currency
Tax Category
(not necessary)
Reconciliation
Account
Field Status
Group
Save
While creating a GL accounts, data needs to be maintained for the following segments in it:-
Chart of accounts segment
Company code segment
Controlling area segment
Chart of accounts segment
In this segment, specifications that apply to the entire G/L account master record are captured. These
include:
The G/L account number and G/L account name
Whether the account is a Balance sheet account or an Income statement Account
Data that controls the creation of a master record in a company code, such as the account group
Company code segment
This information, which is specific to a particular Company, is maintained in the Company code
segment of the General Ledger Master record. This data controls how one enters and processes
business transaction data in the appropriate account as well as how the account is managed within a
company code.
The following are some of the specifications which will be made for each G/L account:
Currency - account currency
Reconciliation Account for Account Type - to specify the control accounts for the sub ledgers
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 11 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
Open Item Management - will be maintained for accounts that required open item management. –
Ex. Bank sub-accounts, GR/IR Clearing account, etc., are maintained as Open Item Managed
accounts.
Line Item Display - will be retained for accounts for which line items are to be stored separately.
Ex: Bank main accounts, all expense accounts, all balance sheet accounts, excepting accounts
which are of the nature of reconciliation accounts.
Field Status Group - Used to control the status of the field at the time of posting whether it is
mandatory or optional or display or suppressed
Post Automatically – Controls the posting to the GL Account whether it is automatic or manual.
Controlling area segment
Some G/L account master data is relevant only for a specific controlling area. This includes the
following settings:
Cost Element Category - This is a classification of primary and secondary cost elements. It
determines the transactions with which you can use the cost element, such as internal settlement
or allocation.
Record Quantity - This checkbox defines whether a message is issued in case no quantity or
quantity unit is specified for commitments or actual postings. The checkbox has no effect on
quantity updates.
Internal Unit of Measurement - This indicator determines which unit of measurement is recorded.
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 12 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
START
END
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 13 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 14 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
Invoice to customer A from plant A with profit centre 1000 for an amount 2000 GBP
Invoice to customer A from plant B with profit centre 2000 for amount 2000 GBP
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 15 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
Assume that we are receiving a payment of 4000 GBP from customer A as payment against both
these invoices and this is used to clear both invoices of the customer. Without activating document
splitting, this would have generated a single clearing line for 4000 GBP. But with document splitting
on a profit centre level, the SAP system will generate additional clearing lines as below:-
Dr./Cr. Account Profit centre Amount
Dr. Bank Account 1000 2000
Dr. Bank Account 2000 2000
Cr. Customer G/L 1000 2000
Cr. Customer G/L 2000 2000
By doing this way, it is ensured that the revenue is distributed to both plants thereby affecting plant
wise profitability statements.
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 16 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
START
If Change is
required
No
Yes
END
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 17 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
Financial Statement Version (FSV) is the format for creating balance sheet and profit & loss
statements. FSV can be designed to the reporting requirement, the FSV. Since SAP is online system,
whenever business transactions have financial entries, FSV is updated immediately. Hence, updated
balance sheet and profit & loss statements are available at any given time. Financial Statement
Versions – HPIS (Statement of Comprehensive Income) & HPBS (Statement of Financial Position)
would be created for HPUK.
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 18 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
The closing operations are to be performed on a monthly or quarterly or yearly basis which will be
discussed in detail in the operational manual of user. Some of the closing procedures are mentioned
below:
Foreign currency valuation for open items
Accruals and reversal of provisions
Calculate & post Interest on loans
Depreciation posting
Closing & opening of posting periods
Fiscal year change
Balance carried forward
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 19 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
Integration in SAP is the pivotal role and involves lot of updating with other modules. The following is
a list of some of the integrations.
6.1.2 Material
Material type
Material Master
Raw Materials,Spares,Consumables
Movement type
Transaction Keys
GL accounts
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 20 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
6.1.3 Services
GL Accounts
Material Master
Valuation Class
Transaction Event
GL Accounts Movement Type Keys
(GR,GI,Scrapping)
Scrapping
Withdrawal
FI Entry
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 21 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
Account assignment
Chart of accounts Sales Organization Account Key
Group
Revenue Freight
Customer Master Material Master
account
GL accounts
FI entries
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 22 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
Employee Master
Symbolic Accounts
Debit and Credit
Indicator
Basic Salary Bonus
Housing
GL accounts
Posting to FI
7 Functional Deficits
H-pack wants to do G/L wise financial planning and generation of projected financial statements.
Even though this functionality was available in ECC, the same has been deprecated in S/4 HANA
and hence this is not possible without implementing additional products from SAP
H-pack wants the GL account numbers to be generated automatically based on the series
assigned for the selected group. This functionality is not supported by SAP
It is advised by SAP that the customer should implement Business Planning and Consolidation
(BPC) for planning activities. BPC is another product from SAP and it is integrated with S/4
HANA. Even though the functionality that was available in ECC could be retrofitted through some
SAP notes, they do not strongly recommend implementation of these corrections for S/4 HANA.
Hence it is suggested to have a discussion with SAP to check whether H-pack can use BPC and
its licensing implications. Implementation of BPC, if required, needs to be treated as a separate
project.
For automatic GL number generation, check for availability of suitable user-exits. This
functionality can be met through ABAP development only if a suitable exit method is found.
GL accounting provides a comprehensive picture for external accounting and accounts. Since it is
tightly integrated with all other sub modules, it always provides a picture that is accurate and
complete. Users will also have facility for checking actual individual transactions any time.
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 23 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
Detailed authorization matrix need to be prepared during project execution phase based on functional
roles and responsibilities.
Table below shows some of the available standard reports for GL Accounting:-
Sl.No. Transaction code Description
12 Interface/Developments
Nil
13 Conversions
Nil
14 Signoff
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 24 of 25
General Ledger Accounting
HP Revolution
Hotpack-SAP S/4 HANA Implementation Project
BBP_HP_FICO_GLA.doc Page 25 of 25