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1 Introduction
1.1 Feature Attribute
1.2 Related Feature List and License Control
1.3 Correlation with Other Feature
2 Function Description
2.1 General Introduction
2.1.1 ZLF34-00-003 Downlink Intra-eNodeB CoMP (Coordinated Scheduling)
2.1.2 ZLF34-00-012 Uplink Intra-eNB CoMP (Joint Reception)
2.1.3 ZLF34-00-026 Uplink inter-eNB CoMP (Joint Reception)
2.1.4 ZLF34-00-040 Inter-eNB JR based on relax transmission delay
2.1.5 ZLF34-00-044 Intra-eNB JR between Macro and Micro
2.1.6 ZLF34-00-045 Inter-eNB JR between Macro and Micro
2.2 Networking for CoMP
3 Technical Description
3.1 Definitions
3.2 Basic Principle
3.2.1 Downlink CoMP
3.2.2 Uplink CoMP
3.3 CoMP Categories
3.3.1 DL CoMP/UL CoMP
3.3.2 Intra-board CoMP/ inter-board CoMP/ Inter- eNodeB CoMP
3.3.3 Inter-eNodeB CoMP Limitation
3.4 Combination of CoMP and CA
3.5 Selection Principle for CoMP Coordinated Neighbor Cell
3.6 Self Configuration for CoMP Neighbor Cell
3.7 Inter-board CoMP with/without CR0
3.8 CoMP between Macro and Micro
3.8.1 Types of CoMP between Macro and Micro
3.8.2 Definitions of Macro and Micro Cells
3.8.3 Site Types of Macro and Micro Cell
3.8.4 Decision of CoMP between Macro and Micro
3.9 Inter-eNB JR Based on Relax Transmission Delay
3.9.1 Concept of Relax Transmission Delay
3.9.2 The Technical Principle for Uplink JR Relax Transmission Delay
3.10 The Cloud IRC of Inter-eNodeB
3.11 CR0 and CC with the Same Port and IP
4 Engineering Guide
4.1 Related parameters
4.2 Related Counters, KPI and Alarms
4.2.1 Related Counters
4.2.2 Related KPI
4.2.3 Related Alarm
4.3 Application Scenarios
4.3.1 Hardware Requirements
4.3.2 EPC Requirements
4.3.3 Frequency Band, Frequency and Bandwidth Requirements of Frequency
Carrier
4.3.4 UE Requirement
4.3.5 Transmission Bandwidth Requirements
4.4 Parameter Configuration Procedure
4.4.1 Enabling the Feature
4.4.2 Data Synchronization
4.4.3 Deactivate feature
6 Function Validation
6.1 DL CoMP Test
6.1.1 Topology
6.1.2 Fixed Location Test
6.1.3 Mobile Test
6.2 UL CoMP
6.2.1 Topology
6.2.2 Intra-eNodeB UL CoMP Fixed Location Test
6.2.3 UL CoMP Mobile Test
6.3 Intra-eNB JR between Macro and Micro Test
6.3.1 Topology
6.3.2 Test Specification
6.3.3 Test Result
6.4 Inter-eNB JR between Macro and Micro Test
6.4.1 Topology
6.4.2 Test Specification
6.4.3 Test Result
6.5 Inter-eNB JR Based on Relax Transmission delay Test
6.5.1 Topology
6.5.2 Test Specification
6.5.3 Test Result
7 Abbreviations
8 Restrictions
FIGURES
TABLES
The parameters, alarms and counters in this document are the same as those of
the latest software version when this document is released. To obtain the MO,
parameters, alarms, and KPIs of the existing software version, please refer to the
product manuals of the existing software version.
This document is applicable to LTE FDD mode. "LTE" and "eNodeB" mentioned in
this document respectively refer to "LTE FDD" and "LTE FDD–based eNodeB".
EMS: V12.15. 30
OMMB: V12.15.30
Note:
Note:
*-: Not involved
*√: involved
1.2 Related Feature List and License Control
Layer Support
ZLF31-13-005
TTI bundling
2 Function Description
The challenge that the LTE mobile communication system is facing is the inter-cell
interference from same frequency network. On the one hand, the users of different
cell on cell edges may interfere with each other. On the other, the throughput of
users on cell edges determines the throughput of the entire network and the user
experience. Therefore, how to improve the QoS for users on cell edges without
more frequency resources is a problem that troubles all operators and
manufacturers.
ZTE's Cloud Radio solution covers a series of products and solution that provide
optimal wireless performance for various transmission scenarios (the transmission
resources available to a carrier). With the exchanging of coordinate information
between cells or between base stations, the interference of neighboring cells can
be mitigated or avoided, and the throughput and the user experience of users on
cell edge can be improved.
Figure 2-1 Cloud Radio
One of the key technologies used by the Cloud Radio solution is Coordinated
Multipoint transmission/reception (CoMP). This technology is used for processing
interference between cells or between base stations to improve UE’s SINR and
throughput at the cell edge.
COMP is an implementation solution and it does not have influence on air interface
protocols, and it has no special requirements for terminals. Therefore, it is
completely compatible with terminals of R8 or below R8. From the perspective of
terminal, it does not know the eNodeB uses COMP solution.
2.1.1 ZLF34-00-003 Downlink Intra-eNodeB CoMP (Coordinated Scheduling)
This feature mitigates inter-cell downlink interference and improves the UE’s
downlink SINR and throughput at the cell edge.
This feature supports Coordinated Scheduling (CS) for DL CoMP, and mitigates
inter-cell downlink interference through multi-cell downlink coordinated scheduling.
Only the serving cell sends data, and cooperative cells do not use the same
physical resources to send service data based on the scheduling information of the
serving cell.
This feature supports only intra-eNodeB downlink CS, meaning that the serving cell
and cooperative cells must belong to the same eNodeB.
This feature improves the UE’s uplink demodulation performance and throughput at
the cell edge.
Multiple cooperative cells can jointly receive and process the data from the same
UE to obtain the gain, thus improving uplink coverage and throughput.
This feature supports only intra-eNodeB uplink JR, meaning that the serving cell
and cooperative cells must belong to the same eNodeB.
Multiple cooperative cells can jointly receive and process the data from the same
UE to obtain the gain, thus improve uplink coverage and throughput.
This feature supports only inter-eNodeB uplink JR, meaning that the serving cell
and cooperative cells must belong to different eNodeBs.
Help to mitigate the interference between macro and micro in the uplink, and also
improve edge user throughput.
The macro cell and the micro cell in one BBU can jointly receive and process the
data from the same UE to obtain the gain, thus improving uplink coverage and
throughput.
This feature supports only intra-eNodeB uplink JR, meaning that the serving cell
and cooperative cells must belong to the same eNodeB.
Help to mitigate the interference between macro and micro in the uplink, and also
improve edge user throughput.
The macro cell and the micro cell in different BBU can jointly receive and process
the data from the same UE to obtain the gain, thus improving uplink coverage and
throughput.
2. BBU centralized networking: interconnection and interworking among BBUs are achieved
by means of single switcher or direct optical fiber connection (as shown in the figure below
eNodeB A-B)
3.1 Definitions
Term Definition
CoMP Coordinated multi-point operation .This technology is used to mitigate
inter-cell interference, improve the UE’s SINR and throughput at the
cell edge.
Serving cell Cell to which a UE is connected.
Coordinated This cell may overlap the serving cell. This cell and the serving cell
cell can operate as the neighbor cells for CoMP
Channel If the received signal of a BS is Y, the sent signal of a UE is X, the
estimate stimulus response of the channel is H, and the interference is S, then
Y = HX + S. The estimation of H on the BS means channel
estimation.
Channel If the received signal of a BS is Y, the sent signal of a UE is X, the
equalization stimulus response of the channel is H, and the interference is S, then
Y = HX + S. The procedure for calculating S is referred to as channel
equalization.
Soft If the received signal of a BS is Y, the sent signal of a UE is X, the
information stimulus response of the channel is H, and the interference is S, then
Y = HX + S. X calculated on the BS is the soft information, or soft bit.
Soft The BS obtains the weight of each channel in accordance with the
information SINR of the soft information of each channel. It then sums the
combination weighted signals of all channels. This procedure is called soft
information combination.
Multiuser Y = HX + S. Where each item is a matrix and each dimension
joint indicates a user. The BS resolves the matrix to obtain the information
processing of each user. This process is called multiuser joint processing.
ZTE defined interface for CloudRadio coordination information
XC interface
interaction between eNodeBs. It is also called X2+ interface.
The CoMP function is scheduled on the eNodeB side and is irrelevant to the UE
type. The UE cannot know whether or not it enters a CoMP scheduling procedure.
The downlink CoMP and uplink CoMP use totally different scheduling technologies.
The technical principles are respectively described as follows.
3.2.1 Downlink CoMP
The DL CoMP uses multipoint joint transmission technology, which means that
downlink data is jointly transmitted among multiple cells or eNodeBs so as to
decrease the interference and improve the channel quality of cell edge users, and
increase the downlink throughput in cell edges. The DL CoMP demonstrates the
application of the MIMO technology in multiple cells.
3.2.1.1 DL CoMP CS
1. Cell 1 and Cell 2 are two coordinated cells of Cloud Radio, and UE1 and UE2 are in the
overlapped coverage of these two cells. UE1 is the cell edge user who initiates a call and
camps on Cell 1, and UE2 is the cell edge user who initiates a call and camps on Cell 2.
2. At the specified TTI (Transmission Time Interval) n hour, Cell1 allocates frequency-domain
RB resources (highlighted in blue) to UE1, and informs coordinated Cell2 through the XC
interface. Cell2 keeps the frequency-domain RB resources idle instead of allocating them
to other UEs. There is no overlapped RB resource in these two cells, thus decreasing intra-
interference of UE1.
3. Similarly, at the specified TTI (Transmission Time Interval) n+1 hour, Cell2 allocates
frequency-domain RB resources (highlighted in red) to UE2, and informs coordinated Cell1
through the XC interface. Cell1 keeps the frequency-domain RB resources idle instead of
allocating them to other UEs. There is no overlapped RB resource in these two cells, thus
decreasing intra-interference of UE2.
Joint Reception (JR) based UL CoMP receives and processes the signals of a
user from multiple coordinated cells to obtain the diversity processing gain and
power gain to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signals and the
demodulation capability of the base station and improve uplink throughput of cell
edge users.
1. Cell 1 and Cell 2 are two coordinated cells of Cloud Radio. UE1 accesses serving cell Cell1
and camps on the overlapped areas of Cell1 and Cell2.
2. Cell1 and Cell2 receive and pre-process the uplink signals of UE1 respectively
3. The coordinated cells send the processed signals to the serving cell through the XC
interface. The serving cell jointly processes and combines the received signals to acquire
diversity reception gains.
4. Through RX diversity, the uplink SINR is improved and the uplink throughput is increased.
Based on coordinated cell distribution on BBU, CoMP can be classified into the
following categories:
Intra-board CoMP: two CoMP cells are distributed in the same baseband board, intra-
eNodeB CoMP;
Inter-board CoMP: two CoMP cells are distributed in the different base band boards of
one BBU
Inter-eNodeB CoMP: Two CoMP cells are distributed in the different BBU cabinets.
1. When Cell1, Cell2 and Cell3 are configured to coordinated cells, they can form intra-board
CoMP.
2. When Cell1 and Cell4 are configured to coordinated cells, they can form inter-board CoMP.
3. When Cell1 and Cell7 are configured to coordinated cells, they can form inter-eNodeB
CoMP
1. The coordinated cells of CoMP need to exchange information with each other. For inter-
board and inter-eNodeB CoMPs, CR0 board is required to exchange information between
the coordinated cells.
The coordinated cells of CoMP need to exchange information with each other.
Because the coordinated cells of inter-eNodeB CoMP are located in two different
eNodeBs, the clock synchronization mode, transmission delay and bandwidth of
these eNodeBs are under limitation
Transmission delay refers to the one-way directional transmission delay from one
eNodeB to another. The maximum transmission delay for DL CoMP and UL CoMP
coordinated cells are listed in the following table:
If the transmission delay between inter-eNodeB CoMP cells exceeds this value, the
CoMP does not take effect and there is no gain.
Carrier Aggregation (CA) and CoMP can be enabled at the same time. For the
same UE, the UE can perform CA with inter-frequency neighbor cell and CoMP
with intra-frequency neighbor cell.
Due to software memory limitation, when CA and CoMP are enabled at the same
time, for one serving cell, the total number of CA SCells and CoMP coordinated
neighbor cells is no more than 6.
1. Before enabling the CoMP function, CoMP coordinated neighbor cells should be configured
on EMS. The principle for selecting a CoMP coordinated neighbor cell is the same with the
rules used to select a handover neighbor cell.
2. The number of CoMP coordinated neighbor cells is limited to 6. Therefore, not all handover
neighbor cells can be configured to coordinated neighbor cells. Only the cells with the
physically overlapped areas can be selected and configured to coordinated neighboring
cells.
3. A CoMP serving cell can be configured with 6 coordinated neighbor cells. According to the
A3 measurement, the serving cell can automatically select a neighbor cell with the
strongest interference as coordinated neighbor cell to perform CoMP so as to avoid
interference.
The CoMP neighbor cell list can be manually configured through the coordinated
cell configuration tool on EMS. However, in commercial scenarios, the list is
required to be configured automatically. Adding a CoMP neighbor cell automatically
can reduce the configuration work load and guarantee accuracy.
The self configuration for a CoMP neighbor cell is implemented through SON. After
the self configuration is enabled, the system automatically determines and adds
CoMP neighbor cells according to the handover times and delay and other factors.
Currently, the maximum number of CoMP neighbor cells is 6.
Note:
1. This function is only applied in the scenario that two baseband boards are in Slot 3 and Slot
8. Other slots do not support this function. The baseband board can be two BPLs or two
BPNs. The hybrid configuration scenario of BPL and BPN is not supported in this version
2. When two baseband boards are inserted in slots 3 and Slot 8, two methods can be adopted
for interaction:
Do not insert the CR0 board in Slot 4. Two baseband boards directly exchange
information through the backplane.
Insert the CR0 board in Slot 4 and configure it to Common mode rather than
CloudRadio Mode. Two baseband boards can exchange information through the
CR0 board
3.8 CoMP between Macro and Micro
CoMP between Macro and Micro means that the CoMP can be performed between macro
cell and micro cell. The version supports uplink and downlink CoMP between Macro and
micro cells.
The cell with lower transmit power is defined as micro cell and the cell with higher transmit
power is defined as macro cell.
When the difference of E-RS (power of reference signal) of two cells is more than 6dBm,
the cell with higher transmit power is regarded as macro cell, and the other cell is
micro cell;
When the difference of E-RS of two cells is less than or equal to 6dBm, there is no micro
cell, and two cells are regarded as normal macro cells.
Macro and micro cells can be of intra-eNodeB and inter-eNodeB. For inter-eNodeB, the
micro cell is limited to the site type of Macro BBU + Micro RRU excluding BS8922 and 8901
integrated base station because integrated micro station has no CR0 board, so the inter-
eNodeB data exchange cannot be supported. But for two micro cells of integrated base
station, intra-eNodeB COMP can be supported.
The technical principle for CoMP between macro and micro is the same as that of CoMP
between ordinary cells. For uplink CoMP between macro and micro, one step is added, that
is, add Path loss judgment when judging whether UE meets the CoMP conditions:
When UE’s path loss in the serving cell is higher than the defined threshold, judge UE is in
the cell edge, and meet CoMP condition. Then the macro and micro cells perform joint
receiving to the UE.
3.9 Inter-eNB JR Based on Relax Transmission Delay
Usually, the transmission delay of uplink Joint Reception (JR) is within 0.3ms in order to
meet the combination requirement of physical layer and achieve gain. But the value of
0.3ms is too strict for inter-eNodeB delay requirement, and even distributed BBU cannot
meet this demand. Therefore, relax transmission delay is introduced for uplink inter-eNodeB
JR: that is, uplink inter-eNodeB transmission delay is controlled within 4ms.
Based on uplink JR, TTIB is introduced. When performing uplink CoMP, enable
TTIB. The coordinated cells can delay 4ms to return the coordination information to
the serving cell and the serving cell performs soft information combination.
Therefore, when performing uplink inter-eNodeB JR, the requirements for inter-
eNodeB transmission delay increase from tolerating 0.3ms to tolerating 4ms.
Cloud IRC means that the coordinated cell sends the scheduling information
(primarily RB resource information) of UEs to the serving cells. In this way, the
serving cells know the RB resource that may generate interference. The serving
cells use the IRC algorithm based on the scheduling information from the
coordinated cell to eliminate the interference from the UE in neighboring cells using
the same frequency. For the Cloud IRC procedure, see Figure 3-8.
Figure 3-8 Cloud IRC Procedure
In the Cloud IRC procedure, because message exchange between the serving cell
and coordinated cells is reduced, the requirement for transmission delay is
reduced. This policy is only suitable for CoMP between base stations. The gain
obtained by using Cloud IRC is less than that obtained by using JR.
When inter-eNodeB CoMP is configured, two eNodeBs with coordinating cell will
transmit coordinating information by CR0 board. The coordinating information is
transmitted on XC interface which is newly added. Therefore, CR0 needs to be
configured standalone IP address that is different to IP address of CC board, and
CR0 needs to occupy a standalone transmission port.
Figure 3-9 CR0 standalone IP address and standalone transmission port
In order to save the resource of IP address and transmission port, CR0 and CC
with the same port and same IP is developed. CR0 is configured the same IP
address with CC instead of the standalone IP address. CR0 is linked to
transmission equipment from the port of CC instead of the standalone port. This
function needs CCE which is a new type of CC instead of CC16.
Figure 3-10 CR0 and CC with the same port and same IP
4 Engineering Guide
Parame Paramet
S ter er U Default
Parameter name Range value
N panel explanat nit value
name ion
The
paramete
The r
switch indicates
PhyChannel.srsEnabl enum(Close,Op N/
1 of SRS the Close[0]
e en) A
Configur switch of
ation SRS
Configur
ation.
Srs
bandwidt
h
configura
tion is
correlatio
n with
uplink
bandwidt
h (TS
SRS 36.211
Bandwi table
PhyChannel.srsBWCf N/
2 dth 5.5.3.2). [0..7] 0[0]
g A
Configur Max srs
ation bandwidt
h must
smaller
than
pusch
bandwidt
h,
N_RB^U
L-
N_RB^P
UCCH
Parame Paramet
S ter er U Default
Parameter name Range value
N panel explanat nit value
name ion
The
paramete
r is initial
bandwidt
h when
UE is
attached
to cell.
The
paramete
r is
correlatio
n with srs
bandwidt
SRS
h
Initial 0:0{0},1:1{1},2: N/
3 PhyChannel.srsIniBW configura 2[2]
Bandwi 2{2},3:3{3} A
tion. The
dth
initial
bandwidt
h must
smaller
than max
srs
bandwidt
h
accordin
g to srs
bandwidt
h
configura
tion.
Parame Paramet
S ter er U Default
Parameter name Range value
N panel explanat nit value
name ion
The
paramete
r
indicates
the
The number
Number of SRS
of SRS resource
Resourc over the
PhyChannel.srsLarge e Over threshold N/ 2[2];1[1
4 [0..24]
PowResource the of SRS A ];1[1]
Thresho PL for
ld of UE. It is
SRS PL one-
for UE dimensio
nal
vector
including
three
elements
Note: For FDD UL CoMP, the parameter of The switch of SRS Configuration must
be open. For SRS parameters configuration, see Section 4.4.1.5.
None
None
No special requirements
4.3.4 UE Requirement
No special requirements
4.3.5 Transmission Bandwidth Requirements
-Intra-Board CoMP: the selected CoMP serving cell and cooperation cell belong
to the same Baseband board.
Based on network planning, the serving cells and the neighbor cells must use the
same frequency and bandwidth. See the figure below.
The function of Inter-eNodeB CoMP need to configure CR0 board and X2+IP, but
the function of Inter-Board CoMP just needs CR0.
Objective
Adding CR0 board is to realize the SRIO exchange of baseband data between the
BP boards.
Note:
The CR0 board is usually inserted in 3# or 4# slot. If the CR0 board is inserted in 3# or 4# slot, the air
outlet of the slot will not be any BP board. For example, if the CR0 board is inserted in the 3# slot, the BP
board cannot be in the 7# slot; or if the CR0 board is inserted in the 4# slot, the BP board cannot be in the
8# slot.
Preparation
The CR0 board has been inserted in the corresponding slot according to the plan
of slot.
Process
1. According to the plan of CR0 board slot, in the window of Physical View, click the right
button in the blank place in the slot, choose Add Board. See the figure below.
Figure 4-3 Add CR0 board
2. In the pop-up dialog box of [add board]. [Board type] is configured to CR0; [Board standard]
is configured to ALL; [Board function mode] is configured to LTE-FDD CloudRadio, see
the figure below.
Note:
If you want to enable the Inter-eNodeB/Inter-Board CoMP, the board function mode
of CR0 board must be configured to LTE-FDD CloudRadio.
Figure 4-4 Configure the parameters of CR0 board
3. Click the button to complete the creation of the CR0 board, see the figure
below.
4. CR0’s Port Working Mode: The function of Inter-eNodeB UL CoMP suggests using
the optical module of 10Gbps, and configuration the Port Working Mode is
10Gbps. Otherwise it will affect the performance of UL CoMP. The function of
DL CoMP has no special requirements. See the figure below.
Objective
Configuration of X2+IP of the local BBU and peer BBU for three-layer IP
communications between the BP boards.
Preparation
CR0 board has been configured, and the [Board function mode] is configured to
LTE-FDD CloudRadio.
Process
2. Click the new button , open the configuration interface of [X2+IP Configuration (FDD)-
List]. In the configuration interface of [X2+ IP Configuration (FDD)], [Used X2+ Port]
defaults to XC:CR0 (1.1.X):0 of the system’s association.
Note:
3. Click save button to complete the configuration of[X2+IP configuration (FDD)], see
the figure below.
1. If the configuration case is that inter-eNodeB does not share Physical Layer, it needs to
continue configuration Co-eNodeB X2+ Port IP Link, click [Radio Parameter->LTE
FDD->Resource Interface Configuration->Co-eNodeB X2+ Port IP Link Table], double-
click to open the configuration interface of [Co-eNodeB X2+Port IP Link Table], see the
figure below.
Figure 4-10 Complete the local eNodeB [Co-eNodeB X2+Port IP Link Table] configuration
6. Configuring the Co-eNodeB’s [Co-eNodeB X2+Port IP Link Table], see the figure
below.
Figure 4-12 Complete the Co- eNodeB’s [Co-eNodeB X2+Port IP Link Table] configuration
Objective
Process
combinations to add neighbor relation, then click button add neighbor relation, see the
figure below.
Figure 4-13 Open Configuration Interface of Neighbor Cell Management
2. Complete the configurationof two cell’s neighbor relation, see the figure below.
Objective
2. Select the target SubNetwork ID, click Query button as shown in the figure below.
Figure 4-16 Query Cell
4. Click Group, then Neighbor Cell List dialog box is displayed, tips for choosing which cells
and the main cell of the CoMP coordination. See the figure below.
Figure 4-18 Neighbor Cell List dialog box
6. Click OK, group CoMP Configuration is complete, see the figure below.
Figure 4-20 Complete CoMP configuration
Objective
If UL CoMP is enabled, the board type of BPL1’s cell mode must be Mode 0[0]
,that is Three Cells Eight Ants, and the BPN board need to configure this
parameter based on the fact RRU ants. SRS function needs to open.
Process
2. Click [Radio Parameter->LTE FDD->E-UTRAN FDD Cell->PUCH and PDCH], double click
to open the configuration interface of [PUCH and PDCH List], click the modify button
,enter [PUCH and PDCH] configuration interface,see the figure below.
Figure 4-22 Modify the Switch of SRS Configuration to open
3. click the save button ,complete the configuration of cell mode and SRS.
4. After enabling the SRS, it need to confirm the resouce configuration of SRS. There are
three parameters: SRS Bandwidth Configuration, SRS Initial Bandwidth and The Number
of SRS Resource Over the Threshold of SRS PL for UE. See the figure below.
Figure 4-23 SRS Bandwidth Configuration
Figure 4-24 SRS Initial Bandwidth Configuration
Figure 4-25 Number of SRS Resource Over the Threshold of SRS PL for UE
Note:
Intra-board CoMP does not need to configure FS5C board, but the Inter-board
CoMP needs to configure FS5C,and the Inter-eNodeB COMP needs to configure
X2+IP and co-eNodeB X2+IP link list.
Objective
Adding FS5C board is to realize the exchange of baseband data between the BPL
boards.
Process
1. According to the plan of FS5C board slot, in the window of [Physical View], click the right
button in the blank place in the slot, choose [Add Board], see the figure below.
Figure 4-26 Add FS5C board
2. In the pop-up dialog box of [add board], [Board type] is configured to FS, [Board standard]
is configured to LTE FDD[16], Board function mode is configured to LTE-FDD
CloudRadio[5], Physical Board name is configured to FS5C. See the figure below.
3. Click OK button, complete the FS5C configuration. See the figure below.
Figure 4-28 Complete the FS5C configuration
5. Click the add button , configure the IP Address, Network Mask, Gateway IP. See the
figure below.
Figure 4-30 Complete X2+ IP configuration
7. Click the add button , configure the Co-eNodeB X2+Port IP Link Table. See the figure
below.
Figure 4-32 Complete the Co-eNodeB X2+Port IP Configuration
Objective
Process
3. Click the add button . In the pop-up dialog box, Service Type is configured to CoMP.
Service Switch is configured to Open. See the figure below.
Figure 4-35 CoMP Control Switch Configuration
4. Click OK.
5. Select the CoMP Policy, click button to send SON Policy.See the figure below.
Figure 4-37 Send FDD SON Control Policy
8. Click the add button , CoMP Self Configure Switch is configured to Open, Cooperative
Relationship Type is configured to UL+ DL CoMP Support, Grade for CoMP Statistic is
configured to Week. See the figure below.
Figure 4-39 FDD CoMP Policy Configuration
Note:
Grade for CoMP Statistic is optional, if the parameter is configured to week, the
start time is Monday every week. If the parameter is configured to month, the start
time is 1st every month.
9. Click OK, complete FDD CoMP Policy. See the figure below.
Note:
The following parameters are not to be modified for this function. In general, for
CoMP test, the default parameters can meet the requirements. If you want to
change, please contact the network optimization personnel.
Objective
Process
Objective
Process
Objective
Process
1. Select Radio Parameter->LTE FDD->E-UTRAN FDD Cell], double click to open PUCH
and PDCH.
2. In the configuration interface of PUCH and PDCH, enter the configuration interface, modify
The PBR satisfaction Threshold for UE Entering DL CoMP and The MAX Request RB
Number for Each DL CoMP Neighbor Cell. See the figure below.
Figure 4-47 Modify the PBR Satisfaction Threshold for UE Entering DL CoMP
The default value of the parameter The PBR Satisfaction Threshold for UE
Entering DL CoMP is 0.8, which means 0.8 times the value of the PBR rate, that is,
the UEs which do not meet 0.8 times PBR can Enter DL CoMP.
Note: The bigger the value is, the easier it is to get into the DL CoMP.
Figure 4-48 Modify the MAX Request RB Number for Each DLCoMP Neighbor Cell
The default value of the parameter The MAX Request RB Number for Each DL
CoMP Neighbor Cell is 0, which means the max request RB num is adaptive result.
If the parameter is not 0, the parameter is the MAX request RB number (the sum of
all UE's) for each DL CoMP neighbor cell.
Note: The greater the value is, the more RB numbers Request cooperation will be.
But the maximum value cannot exceed the bandwidth.
Objective
When one of the comp related eNodeB is Micro and another one is macro, you
must open the Comp for Micro and Macro Switch. Other features of UL CoMP
function such as Neighbor Relation Configuration,Cell Coordination Management
Configuration,Cell Mode and SRS parameters can follow the Chapter
4.4.1.3~4.4.1.5.
Process
2. In the configuration interface of Global Switch, enter the configuration interface, open
Comp for Micro and Macro Switch. See the figure below.
Objective
The X2 delay between the enodeBs is very large , use this switch to control the
Comp function. Other features of UL CoMP functions such as Neighbor Relation
Configuration,Cell Coordination Management Configuration,Cell Mode and SRS
parameters can follow the Chapter 4.4.1.3~4.4.1.5.
Note:
This function only supports UL Inter-eNodeB JR, but BPL1 does not support this
function. For this function, you must open ULComp Selected Merge Switch and
Switch of TTIB Bundling at the same time.
Typically, this function is applied to the scenario that X2 delay is greater than 2ms
less than or equal to 4ms. And enable the ULComp selected Merge Switch and
Switch of TTIB Bundling.
Process
2. In the configuration interface of Global Switch, enter the configuration interface, open
ULComp Selected Merge Switch. See the figure below.
Objective
Note:
This function only supports Inter-eNodeB. Typically, this function is applied to the
scenario that X2 delay is greater than 0.3ms less than or equal to 4ms.
Process
2. In the configuration interface of Global Switch, enter the configuration interface, open
ULComp CloudIrc Switch. See the figure below.
Figure 4-52 Open UL Comp CloudIrc Switch
After configuring the initial data (including CoMP Configuration), and checking the
configuration correct, click Data Synchronization button.
In the interface of SON Management, select the FDD SON Control Template ,click Modify
button, modify the Service Swtich from Open to Close.Then re-send SON Policy .See the
figure below.
None
When this feature is enabled, the signal quality (SINR) of the cell edge UE will become
better, and the throughput of the cell edge users will increase and user experience will
be improved. In terms of KPI, E-RAB call drop will decrease and spectrum efficiency
will be promoted. (spectrum efficiency of cell edge= throughput of cell edge users/PRB
number of cell edge user)
After DL CoMP is enabled, cell throughput may be decrease a bit because the
cell needs some RB resources for neighbor cell coordination.
6 Function Validation
6.1.1 Topology
When DL CoMP function is configured, the test UEs must be on the fixed point of
cell edge, so the effect of DL CoMP could be reflected. The condition of test
location is neighbor cell’s RSRP-serving cell’s RSRP>-3dBm.
UE is connected to drive test software in field test. The RSRP can be seen on drive
test software. The test location should be satisfied below condition:
1. There is only one neighbor cell that UE can be measured, or there are more neighbor cells
but the strongest neighbor cell’s RSRP is more than other neighbor cell.
2. The RSRP of strongest neighbor cell is fundamentally the same as the serving cell, with a
difference of 3dBm. The signal is steady relatively.
Figure 6-2 and Figure 6-3 had shown the fixed test location selection on CXT tool.
Figure 6-2 Fixed Test Location Selection under Single Neighbor Cell
Figure 6-3 Fixed Test Location Selection under Multi Neighbor Cells
The test mobile route is selected according to RSRP and SINR that measured by
drive test tool. The main principle is that there are as many test locations on the
mobile route belong to cell edge location as possible. Select the best CoMP
neighbor cell for the serving cell according to the RSRP of neighbor cell.
Figure 6-4 and 5 had shown the RSRP and SINR distribution on CXT tool.
Test Step 1 Place UE1 to the overlapped of cell 1 and cell 2, and UE2 to the
center of cell 2. Start downlink service.
2 Disable downlink CoMP function and make sure the RSRP of UE1
measured in cell1 is the same as cell2 as possible.
3 Record downlink MCS,RB number and throughput of UE1.
4 Enable downlink CoMP function, and record downlink MCS,RB
number and throughput of UE1.
5 Record and save the test data and log of UE and eNodeB side.
Test Data UE side: GPS information, DL RSRP, DL SINR, DL MCS, DL RB
number, DL throughput;
eNodeB side: DL throughput, MCS, RB number.
Data Compare the throughput of target UE before and after CoMP enabled.
Analysis
Expected After CoMP function is enabled, the target UE’s throughput can
result increased.
Test UE does downlink traffic for 5 minutes and record the average RSRP, RB
number, SINR, MCS, and throughput. The test data is shown in Table 6-2.
Stronges Spectru
Serving Mean m
t Mea Mea Mean
334- Cell RB
Neighbor n n Throughpu Efficienc
E1 RSRP(dBm Numbe
Cell SINR MCS t (Mbps) y
) r
RSRP (bit/s/Hz)
Norma
-94~-98 -94~-96 3.6
l 10.1 5.8 0.459 0.46
CoMP
-94~-99 -95~-98 6.6
On 5.2 15.9 1.09 2.12
Compare results of the throughput, spectrum efficiency, RB and MCS before and
after CoMP enabled are shown in Figure 6-6.
Figure 6-6 Compare Results of Throughput, Spectrum Efficiency, RB and MCS
1. When CoMP function is enabled, the performance is more enhanced than CoMP function is
disabled, no matter JT, CS or JT&CS adaption.
3. The ratio of throughput less than 2Mbps is decreased from 8% to 1% with inter-eNodeB
CoMP function. The ratio of throughput less than 4Mbps is decreased from 20% to 8%.
4. The worst throughput which occupied 5% ratio is improved with 300% growing rate; the
worst throughput which occupied 10% ratio is improved with 100% growing rate.
6. The worst throughput improved by JT is larger than CS. Because the PCI of serving cell
and coordinated cell mod 3 is different when UE is coordinated in the case of inter-eNodeB
or intra-eNodeB. In this case, the performance loss of JT is larger than CS. The test result
is fitted to simulation result.
7. CS and JT have the preferential usage scenario respectively. JT&CS adaption technology can
obtain the best effect, which can adapt to parameter and optimize further.
6.2 UL CoMP
6.2.1 Topology
When UL CoMP function is configured, the test UEs must on the fixed point of cell
edge, so the effect of UL CoMP could be reflected. The condition of test location is
neighbor cell’s RSRP-serving cell’s RSRP>-6dBm.
UE is connected to drive test software in field test. The RSRP can be seen on drive
test software. The test location should be satisfied below condition:
1. There is only one neighbor cell that UE can be measured, or there are more neighbor
cells can be measured but the strongest neighbor cell’s RSRP is more than other
neighbor cells.
2. The RSRP of strongest neighbor cell is fundamentally the same as the serving cell,
with a difference of 6dBm. The signal is steady relatively.
Figure 6-8 had shown the fixed test location selection on CXT tool in the case of
two neighbor cells. The RSRP of PCI 41 is -96dBm, and the RSRP of PCI 39 is
-98dBm, which is satisfied the condition of fixed test location.
Figure 6-8 Fixed Test Location Selection under Single Neighbor Cell in UL CoMP
Fixed test location selection under multi neighbor cells is shown below. The RSRP of
PCI189 is -107dBm, the RSRP of PCI190 is -107, and there are two other neighbor cells
which RSRP is less than PCI189 and PCI190.
Figure 6-9 Fixed Test Location Selection under Multi Neighbor Cells in UL CoMP
The test mobile route is selected according to RSRP and SINR that measured by
drive test tool. The main principle is that there are as many test locations on the
mobile route belong to cell edge location as possible. Select the best CoMP
neighbor cell for the serving cell according to the RSRP of neighbor cell.
Figure 6-10 and Figure 6-4 had shown the RSRP and SINR distribution on CXT
tool.
Test Step 1 Place UE1 to the overlapped of cell 1 and cell 2, and UE2 to the
center of cell 2. Start uplink service.
2 Disable uplink CoMP function and make sure the RSRP of UE1
measured in cell1 is the same as cell2 as possible.
3 Record uplink MCS,RB number and throughput of UE1.
4 Enable uplink CoMP function, and record uplink MCS,RB number
and throughput of UE1.
5 Record and save the test data and log of UE and eNodeB side.
Test Data UE side: GPS information, DL RSRP, DL SINR, UL MCS, UL RB
number, UL throughput;
eNodeB side: UL throughput, MCS, RB number.
Data Compare the throughput of target UE before and after CoMP enabled.
Analysis
Expected After CoMP function is enabled, the target UE’s throughput can
result increased.
Test UE does uplink service for 5 minutes and record the average RSRP, RB
number, SINR, MCS, and throughput. Calculate the gain of throughput with the
below formula:
Strongest
Servin Mean
CoMP Neighbor Mean Throughp
g Cell RB Mean Mean
ON/OF Cell Throughp ut
RSRP Numb SINR MCS
F RSRP ut (Mbps) Gain
(dBm) er
(dBm)
normal -96.69 -100.67 81.24 12.87 10.79 15.68 -
CoMP
ON
-96.33 -98.50 84.12 13.09 16.86 27.81 77.35%
Compare results of the throughput, SINR, RB and MCS before and after CoMP
enabled are shown in Figure 6-12.
Figure 6-12 Compare UL CoMP ON or OFF Results of Throughput, SINR, RB and MCS
1. The throughput of UE in center edge is increased observably; the uplink throughput gain is
77.35% when UL CoMP function is enabled.
2. The mean MCS and SINR of UE in center edge are increased observably when UL CoMP
function is enabled, which proved the channel signal condition getting better and so the
throughput was increased.
Table 6-7 shows the test result under UL CoMP ON and OFF.
Servi Stronge
ng Mean Mea Mea Mean
UE CoMP st
UE RB n n Through
PCI Locati ON/O Cell Neighb
NO. Numb SIN MC put
on FF RSRP or Cell
er R S (Mbps)
(dBm) RSRP
middle 15.8 15.9
Off -76.53 -92.67 79.00 25.23
point 3 5
UE1 11
15.8 16.3
Middle On -73.58 -94.04 81.14 26.36
0 8
point
Middle 14.6 11.2
Off -91.56 -99.58 58.48 12.60
point 1 6
UE2 9
Middle 15.6
On -92.06 -106.02 50.48 9.80 11.31
point 9
Middle
Off -98.48 -112.16 26.74 9.01 6.52 2.07
point
UE3 39
Middle 10.5
On -96.15 -107.27 28.13 5.67 2.15
point 7
UE4 41 Middle 12.4
Off -99.09 -119.77 12.63 6.14 1.33
point 5
Middle On -97.97 -117.22 19.69 14.4 6.17 2.14
Servi Stronge
ng Mean Mea Mea Mean
UE CoMP st
UE RB n n Through
PCI Locati ON/O Cell Neighb
NO. Numb SIN MC put
on FF RSRP or Cell
er R S (Mbps)
(dBm) RSRP
point 2
Middle 17.9 16.6
Off -89.61 -100.50 90.76 30.23
point 4 3
UE5 16
Middle 18.6 15.9
On -89.44 -102.15 90.09 28.61
point 6 2
Middle 18.4 17.6
Off -79.80 -96.06 78.57 20.14
point 1 7
UE6 17
Middle 20.3 18.1
On -76.61 -93.72 89.70 29.01
point 5 0
-
Middle 13.0
Off 101.1 -116.06 67.07 7.79 9.31
point 3
UE7 14 0
Middle 15.6
On -99.08 -113.52 43.87 6.75 5.32
point 1
middle 15.4 20.9
Off -77.08 73.34 32.42
point 2 2
UE8 70
Middle 16.4 20.4
On -76.93 -83.18 77.25 33.79
point 2 7
Middle 12.3
Off -97.45 -113.55 39.48 7.20 4.95
point 1
UE9 125
Middle 12.2
On -95.84 -113.75 55.21 7.27 7.39
point 8
10.6 15.3
Off -79.96 -87.31 40.44 11.82
UE1 0 4
Mobile UE
0 10.8 15.4
On -79.05 -84.54 41.06 12.09
3 0
The total throughput off 150.09Mbps
of LTE network on 158.19Mbps
Figure 6-13 shows the throughput CDF of mobile UE before UL CoMP ON and
OFF.
Figure 6-13 Throughput CDF of Mobile UE before UL CoMP ON and OFF
Figure 6-14 shows the MCS CDF of mobile UE before UL CoMP ON and OFF.
Figure 6-15 shows the MCS PDF of mobile UE before UL CoMP ON and OFF.
Figure 6-15 MCS PDF of Mobile UE before UL CoMP ON and OFF
3. The throughput of cell edge is increased after CoMP function is enabled. The red line in
throughput CDF shows that lower throughput ratio is decreased, which means that
throughput of UE in cell edge is increased after CoMP function is enabled obviously. When
UE in cell center, the throughput is higher, the UE is not to regard as a CoMP UE and the
available RB is decreased, so the throughput is lower than CoMP function is disabled.
6.3.1 Topology
The test specification of intra-eNB JR between macro and micro is shown in the
table below.
Table 6-8 Intra-eNB JR between Macro and Micro Test
Open the uplink COMP function, and do uplink FTP service on the UE1. Adjust the
location of UE1 and make sure the uplink COMP function enabled. The uplink
throughput of UE1 is 22.5Mbps, as shown in the figure below.
Close the uplink COMP function, and do uplink FTP service on UE1. Make sure the
UE1 is in the same location of uplink COMP function enabled. The uplink
throughput of UE1 is 12.3Mbps, as shown in the figure below.
Serving Cell UL
CoMP Neighbor Cell RSRP Throughput
RSRP Throughput
Switch (dBm) Gain
(dBm) (Mbps)
Close -103 -102 12.3 -
Open -104 -104 22.5 82%
The uplink throughput of edge UE improved after UL CoMP function enabled, and
the gain is 82%.
6.4.1 Topology
The test specification of inter-eNB JR between macro and micro is shown in the
table below.
Open the uplink COMP function, and do uplink FTP service on the UE1. Adjust the
location of UE1 and make sure the uplink COMP function enabled. The uplink
throughput of UE1 is 6.57Mbps, as shown in the figure below.
Figure 6-19 Uplink Throughput of UE1 after UL COMP Function Enabled in Inter-eNB
Scenario
Figure 6-20 The UL CoMP Coordination RB Number after UL CoMP Enabled in Inter-eNB
Scenario
Close the uplink COMP function, and do uplink FTP service on UE1. Make sure the
UE1 is in the same location of uplink COMP function enabled. The uplink
throughput of UE1 is 5.27Mbps, as shown in the figure below.
Figure 6-21 Uplink Throughput of UE1 after UL COMP Function Disabled in Inter-eNB
Scenario
Table 6-10 The Compared Results between UL COMP Enabled and Disabled in Inter-eNB
Scenario
Serving Cell UL
CoMP Neighbor Cell RSRP Throughput
RSRP Throughput
Switch (dBm) Gain
(dBm) (Mbps)
Close -108 -105 5.27 -
Open -109 -105 6.57 25%
The uplink throughput of edge UE improved after UL CoMP function enabled, and
the gain is 25%.
6.5.1 Topology
The test method is same with 6.2 UL CoMP. Compare the uplink throughput
between UL COMP function enabled and disabled.
1. Click the button in the Diagnosis Test window. The Combination Test dialog box is
displayed. Check the box of X2+ Link Status Query (L) as shown in the figure below.
Then click OK button to wait for the test result.
Figure 6-22 Check the Box of X2+ Link Status Query (L)
2. The transmission delay is shown in the figure below and it is 458 ns (transmission
delay is test in the lab, and it is hard to reach to the relax delay scenario in lab.).
Figure 6-23 Transmission Delay
7 Abbreviations
For the acronyms and abbreviations, see LTE Glossary.
8 Restrictions