Reaction Paper

Course Introduction and Expectation:

Many things or materials that had been used by our teacher during our elementary days and
high school. We have the computers, LCD, projectors, television, Manila paper and others.
Instructional materials provide the information, it can be concrete pictures and the main idea
of our mind. Learning materials, encourage students to participate in the language learning
process, helps teacher to provide effective skills training. Teacher designed their instructional
material or adapt materials from various sources, modify or restructure the materials and use
them during training. It became a common practice for teachers to integrate various learning
objects with the materials. The researcher in the current study has adapted reading and writing
materials from the Test of English as a Foreign Language study materials and integrated a few
learning objects such as YouTube videos, slide share presentation, audio files and avatars to
facilitate student learning. The instructional materials were presented the following features.
They were presented both in textual and digital formats in order to cater to the needs of student
With different learning styles and ability, they were presented in a conversational style so that
the presence of the teacher as felt by the learner, they presented were as a series so that the
learners learnt in the organized manner.

I expect that this subject includes an overview of research – based theories and principles, and
opportunities to apply those principles to the creation of effective instructional communications
for a variety of learners, content areas and contexts. Also to give us knowledge on how and
what instructional materials we should use in the classroom. And also to know the tools use in
instructional activities, which include active learning and assessment and the types of
instructional materials that are suitable inside the classroom.

MARJORIE B. GERVACIO

MARJORIE B. GERVACIO
Reaction Paper

Definition of Instructional materials:

So what are instructional materials? Every teacher needs supplies and resources in order to
have a successful classroom. Writing utensils, paper, and inspirational wall signs are all useful
objects in a classroom, but they are not instructional materials. Instructional materials are the
tools used in educational lessons, which includes active learning and assessment. Basically,
any resources a teacher uses to help him teach his students is an instructional material. There
are many types of instructional material. Teaching materials also known as teaching/ learning
materials, are any collection of materials including animate and inanimate objects and human
and non- human resources that a teacher may use in teaching and learning situation to help
achieve desired learning objectives. Instructional materials may aid a student in concretizing a
learning experience so as to make learning more exciting, interesting and interactive. The great
Soviet encyclopedia defines IM`s as educational resources used to improve student`s
knowledge, abilities, and skills, to monitor their assimilation of information and to contribute
to their overall development and upbringing. These devices can be traditional terms such as
blackboards and flannel boards as well as telescopes and microscopes could also be used as
teaching aids in a given context. Instructional materials may be operationally defined as
especially designed classroom tools which contain instructions to learners and teachers, and
which specify each increment of learning, the content to be learned, the techniques of
presentation, practice and use of that content and the modes of teaching associated with those
techniques.

MARJORIE B. GERVACIO

MARJORIE B. GERVACIO
Reaction Paper

Importance of Instructional material:

Well, we all know that Teachers at all levels utilize a variety of instructional materials such as
textbooks, presentations and handouts to enhance the quality of their lessons. The quality of
those materials directly impacts the quality of teaching. Knowing how to find the best
instructional materials is a valuable skill for a teacher to have. The importance of Instructional
Materials or Educational resources is to help clarify important concepts, to improve student`s
knowledge, abilities, and skills, to monitor their assimilation of information, to contribute to
their overall development and upbringing, the essence of producing instructional materials, is
to facilitate the teaching learning process, while presenting various learning theories, one has
to be sure that a classroom teacher is guided by expert ideas during his production and
utilization of instructional materials, they supply a concrete basis for conception thinking and
reduce meaning less work responses for pupils as it makes learning more permanent, develop
a continuity of thought, this is especially true of motion pictures, as they provide experiences
not,, easily obtained through other materials and contribute to the efficiency, department and
variety of learning. Therefore, the use of instructional materials in teaching/ learning process
exposes the learner to primary experiences and this enriches learning, improve student`s
knowledge, abilities and skills to monitor their assimilation of information, and to contribute
to their overall development and upbringing, design to meet the interest of the interest of the
individual learners. It also clarifies important concepts to arouse and sustain student’s interests,
give all students in a class the opportunity to share experiences necessary for new learning,
help make learning more permanent. Criteria’s for evaluating instructional materials is very
important to make teaching effective and meaningful, here are some criteria’s: Content Aligns
with curriculum and standards, and is current, valid and reliable, with real world examples.
Design to meet the interest of the individual learners from various skills levels. Enhances
conceptual understanding and engages higher order thinking skills. Free from bias. Equity and
Accessibility Materials are durable, easily stored, transported and are universally accessible.
Materials are easily updated and are adaptable and customizable to match the resources of the
school.

MARJORIE B. GERVACIO

MARJORIE B. GERVACIO
Reaction Paper

Different Types of Instructional Materials:

There are different Types of instructional materials: 1. Traditional instructional materials- the
longstanding and traditional source of instructional materials is textbooks. These textbooks are
published by big companies, which offer a peer- reviewed and teacher approved se of
information and a guideline for learning certain topics. 2. Modern instructional materials- in
addition to traditional textbooks, there is increasingly greater demand and consumption of
electronic textbooks. Also, major publication including professional journals offer electronic
access to their studies and research papers. These electronic materials are updated easily and
offer greater ease of access for students. 3. Indigenous materials- conceptual frameworks an
indigenous knowledge system and practices, and indigenous learning system of the learners
and community. The indigenous materials commonly found in our country largely consist of a
variety of timbers, canes, grass, and palms. I also research some of the types of instructional
materials:1. Printed and duplicated materials – it is the written descriptions, includes scientific,
scholarly, reference, and methodological teaching aids, as well as textbooks, books of problem
and exercises, books for recording scientific observation, laboratory manuals, manuals for
production training and programmed textbooks. 2. Non- projected display materials – types of
instructional materials includes such objects and phenomena as minerals, rocks, raw materials,
semi- finished and finished manufactured articles and plant and animal specimens. Among
these materials are reagent s and apparatus for producing chemical and other reactions for
demonstrating and studying such reaction s during laboratory sessions. Such supplies,
instruments, and equipment are wood, metal, plastic, and glass objects, measuring and
monitoring instrument s and equipment, equipment for the assembling and finishing of various
products and machines and machines tools. 3. Still projected display materials – this types of
materials that of representations of actual objects and phenomena, includes three dimension
materials (casting, globes, and experimental models) two- dimensional materials ( chart,
pictures, photographs, maps , diagram and drawings) and audio visual materials ( motion
picture, film scripts, filmstrips, slide sequence, transparencies , record and tape recording , and
radio and television. Audiovisuals materials, including the resources of films, radio, and
television, help acquaint students with the achievement of modern science, technology,
industry, and culture and with phenomena that are inaccessible to direct observation. 4.
Technological instructional media.

MARJORIE B. GERVACIO