BATTERY FOR 150KV SYSTEM

I. GENERAL

Two DC distribution systems and two Inverter systems will be applied at

The nominal voltage shall be 110 VDC and 48 VDC. All systems supplied their own load. Inverter system consist of inverter
will invert 110 VDC input to 230 VAC output, regulating system, and static by pass switch to transfer the load to alternate
source if main source had loss of power. 110 VDC systems supplied their independent load through 110 DC distribution
panel. The main equipments shall be 110 VDC battery chargers, 110 VDC batteries system, and 110 VDC distribution panel.
The 110 VDC system will use for charging all equipment majoring in protection, control, and monitoring system. 48 VDC
systems are used for supplying telecommunication equipment including teleprotection, and PAX equipments. The main
parts will 48 VDC Charger, 48 VDC Battery and 48V distribution board. Inverter system is used for supply emergency load,
the SAS computer equipment.

This document will describe the calculation method of sizing the battery charger,
batteries, and inverter system mention above.

The Load discharge profile is needed for calculating the size of battery to assure it sufficient
to supplythe load in its autonomy times if the charger (main supply) loss of service.

II. REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

- "Switchgear Manual 9th edition", Asea Brown Boveri Pocket Book
- TPG 110V DC BATTERY
- TPG 110V DC CHARGER
- TPG 48V DC BATTERY
- TPG 48V DC CHARGER
- TPG INVERTER

III. DESIGN CONDITIONS

3.1 Operating Temperature
The battery system will be designed to operate in 40 °C ambient temperature according to
technical specification.

3.2 110V DC Batteries (for 150kV consumption)

- Type : NiCd
- Nominal Voltage : 110 VDC
- Voltage per Cell
- Maximum : 1.45 - 170 V/Cell
- Floating : 1.40 - 1.42 V/Cell
- Final after discharge (end Voltage) : 1.2 V/Cell

3.3 48V DC Batteries

- Type : NiCd
- Nominal Voltage : 48 VDC
- Voltage per Cell
- Maximum : 1.45 - 170 V/Cell
- Floating : 1.40 - 1.42 V/Cell
- Final after discharge (end Voltage) : 1.2 V/Cell

3.4 Inverter
- Duty : Heavy Duty
- Supply Voltage : 110 VDC
- Output Voltage and Frequency : 220V AC/ 50Hz

3.5 Designed Operating Duty

Normal/standing loads
The normal / standing load both 110 VDC and 48 VDC system should be supplied by the
batteries for 8 hours autonomy. The normal/standing loads include the general supply for
protection relay, bay control, indicating lamp if any, and inverter load.

Transient and Instantaneous load

Transient and instantaneous loads assumed that at the range of 8 hours autonomy say at
the end of 2 hours, the battery shall have sufficient capacity for:
- Closing operation of all circuit breakers, sequentially.
- Two tripping operation sequentially (assumed as fast tree pole tripping) all circuit breaker.

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 BATTERY FOR 150KV SYSTEM

IV. INVERTER, BATTERY and CHARGER SIZING

The 220VAC Load that needs high reliability in operation is supplied by inverter.
The load item and its capacity are subject to the technical specification by ‘OWNER’ and
as clarified by the vendor. These loads are majoring to be included as
operator workstation (OWS) and SCADA equipment as sown on the Table 1 bellow:

Table 1. 220VAC Inverter Load

DUTY LOAD TOTAL

NO. EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION UNIT P.F I (A) VA
FACTOR (WATT) (WATT)
1 Server 2 0.5 500 500 0.8 2.84 625
2 HMI Workstation 2 0.5 500 500 0.8 2.84 625
3 Gateway 1 1 100 100 0.8 0.57 125
4 Monitor 2 1 60 120 0.8 0.68 150
5 Speaker 4 1 10 40 0.8 0.23 50
6 Laser Colour Printer 1 0.5 300 150 0.8 0.85 187.5
7 Event Printer 1 0.5 300 150 0.8 0.85 187.5
8 Modem/Router 2 1 40 80 0.8 0.45 100
9 Laptop Configurator 1 0.25 60 15 0.8 0.09 18.75
10 Extender 2 1 10 20 0.8 0.11 25
11 GPS Clock 1 1 78.2 78.2 0.8 0.44 97.75
Connected Load 1675 9.40 2068.75
Total ( 2xload (SOGI) ) 3350 18.81 4137.5
Note: Inverter efficiency 0.88

4.1 Inverter Sizing

As shown in Table 1, total inverter standing load is approximately 4137.5 VA with power factor
0.8 lagging. The selected inverter rating minimum is higher than the total load to be supplied to get
more safety margin and future load addition.

Inverter with 5kVA rating (as per BOQ ≥ 4kW) is fulfilled to supply the inverter AC load application with contingency about
100%.

The selected inverter has following characteristic:

- Duty : Heavy Duty
- Input DC : 110V +/- 10%, 8hours
- AC Voltage Out : 220V AC
- Capacity : 5kVA as per BOQ
220V AC by pass Supply : 220V AC

4.2 110V DC Battery and Charger

4.2.1 110V DC Discharge Load

The discharged load is calculated according to the worst possible network condition. This condition will require the
maximum battery’s power, which should be considered in the design stage. The discharged load is classified in two types of
load: standing load and transient load. The normal standing loads of the substation are as follows:

- Transistorised relay protection schemes which constitute the main load

- Miscellaneous load include the Digital I/O burden of management relay that normally
in high state for control and supervision aids
- DC indication lamp (If Any)

Transient load on the DC system can be classified generally as follows:

- Trip and close coils activation when closing and tripping of circuit breakers
- Use of DC for test purposes

The following situations impose the heaviest loads and are transient in nature:
- Closing operation of all circuit breakers
- Simultaneous tripping of the circuit breakers associated with bus bar protection due
to a fault on the bus bar side

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 BATTERY FOR 150KV SYSTEM

Estimated load of 110V DC battery for the specified design conditions are listed in below
Battery Constant Load
150kV
1 OHL Bay Qty : 2 Bay
Description Qty Load (W) Total Load (W) Future : 0 Bay
Main Protection (Distance) 1 15.96 15.96 Total : 259 W
Back Up Protection (OCR) 1 15.96 15.96
Trip Circuit Supervision 6 2.00 12.00
Auxiliary Relay 15 1.25 18.75
Bay Control Unit 1 40.00 40.00
Ethernet Switch 1 22.00 22.00
Digital Meter CL. 0.5 0 5.00 0.00
Local Mimic 1 5.00 5.00
Total Load ( W ) 129.67
2. Transformer Bay Qty : 1 Bay
Description Qty Load (W) Total Load (W) Future : 0 Bay
Main Protection (Distance) 1 15.96 15.96 Total : 181 W
Back Up Protection (OCR) 1 15.96 15.96
Auxiliary Tripping Relay 4 3.00 12.00
Auxiliary Relay 15 1.25 18.75
Trip Circuit Supervision 2 2.00 4.00
AVR 1 25.00 25.00
Bay Control Unit 1 40.00 40.00
Ethernet Switch 2 22.00 44.00
Digital Meter CL. 0.5 0 5.00 0.00
Local Mimic 1 5.00 5.00
Total Load ( W ) 180.67
3. Bus Coupler & Busbar Protection Qty : 1 Bay
Description Qty Load (W) Total Load (W) Future : 0 Bay
Busbar Protection 16 15.96 255.36 Total : 427 W
Over Current Relay 1 15.96 15.96
Auxiliary Relay 15 1.25 18.75
Trip Circuit Supervision 2 2.00 4.00
Bay Control Unit 1 40.00 40.00
Ethernet Switch 4 22.00 88.00
Local Mimic 1 5.00 5.00
Total Load ( W ) 427.07
4. Incoming IBT Bay Qty : 0 Bay
Description Qty Load (W) Total Load (W) Future : 0 Bay
Over Voltage Relay 1 0.00 Total : 0W
Over Current Relay 1 15.96 15.96
Auxiliary Relay 15 1.25 18.75
Trip Circuit Supervision 2 2.00 4.00
Bay Control Unit 1 40.00 40.00
Ethernet Switch 2 22.00 44.00
Digital Meter CL. 0.5 1 5.00 5.00
Local Mimic 1 5.00 5.00
Total Load ( W ) 132.71

5 Common, SAS, Fault Recorder and Metering Panel Qty : 1 Bay

Description Qty Load (W) Total Load (W) Future : 0 Bay
Bay Control Unit 1 40.00 40.00 Total : 266 W
Ethernet Switch 5 22.00 110.00
Digital Meter CL. 0.2s 2 5.00 10.00
Modem 2 3.00 6.00
Spare 1 100.00 100.00
Local Mimic 0 5.00 0.00
Total Load ( W ) 266.00

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 BATTERY FOR 150KV SYSTEM

20kV
6 Incoming & Outgoing Qty : 0 Cell
Description Qty Load (W) Total Load (W) Future : 0 Cell
Over Current Relay 1 15.96 15.96 Total : 0W
Energy Meter 1 15.00 15.00
Digital Meter CL. 0.2s 1 5.00 5.00
Total Load ( W ) 35.96

7 Bus coupler/section Qty : 0 Cell

Description Qty Load (W) Total Load (W) Future : 0 Cell
Over Current Relay 1 15.96 15.96 Total : 0W
Energy Meter 1 15.00 15.00
Total Load ( W ) 30.96

8 Bus VT+LA & RTU+Common Qty : 0 Cell

Description Qty Load (W) Total Load (W) Future : 0 Cell
Digital Meter CL. 0.5 1 5.00 5.00 Total : 0W
Bay Control Unit 2 40.00 80.00
Ethernet Switch 3 22.00 66.00
Total Load ( W ) 151.00

Total Power = 1133 W

Total Ampere = 10.3 A

Battery Instantaneous Load

Tabel 3. 110V DC Battery Instantaneous Load

No. Auxiliary Relay (W) Alarm (W) Master Trip Operation (W)
1 OHL 18.75 OHL 1 OHL 2 OHL = 2 Bay
2 Trafo 18.75 Trafo 1 Trafo 2 Trafo = 1 Bay
3 BC 18.75 BC 1 BC 2 BC = 1 Bay
4 Inc. IBT 0.00 Inc. IBT 0 Inc. IBT 0 Inc IBT = 0 Bay
Total Power 56.25 3 6

No. Trip Coil 1 (W) Trip Coil 2 (W) Master Trip Reset (W)
1 OHL 1020 OHL 1020 OHL 50
2 Trafo 340 Trafo 340 Trafo 50
3 BC 340 BC 340 BC 50
4 Inc. IBT 0 Inc. IBT 0 Inc. IBT 0
Total Power 1700 1700 150

No. Auxiliary Relay (W) Counter Closing CB

1 OHL 12 OHL 2 OHL 1020
2 Trafo 12 Trafo 2 Trafo 340
3 BC 12 BC 2 BC 340
4 Inc. IBT 0 Inc. IBT 0 Inc. IBT 0
Total Power 36 6 1700

First Trip
- OHL = 4223.5 Watt
- Trafo = 751.75 Watt
- BC = 751.75 Watt
- Inc. IBT = 0 Watt
Total Power 5727 Watt
52.06 Ampere at 2 hours + 2 mili second
First Closing
- OHL = 2168 Watt
- Trafo = 404 Watt
- BC = 404 Watt
- Inc. IBT = 0 Watt
Total Power 2976 Watt
27.05 Ampere next 59.6 second
Final Trip
- OHL = 4223.5 Watt
- Trafo = 751.75 Watt
- BC = 751.75 Watt
- Inc. IBT = 0 Watt
Total Power 5727 Watt
52.06 Ampere next 2 mili second

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 BATTERY FOR 150KV SYSTEM

4.2.2 110V DC Discharge Load Profile

Considering the calculated battery constant load is calculated based on the constant and instantaneous load.
10.3 A , the following discharge load profile is

The discharge load profile is follow:

- Continous load for 8 hours : 10.3 A
- Inverter Connected load for 8 hours : 17.3 A
- Instantaneous load (start at 2hours, only in 1 minute)
at 2 hours + 2 mili second : 52.1 A
next 59.6 second : 27.1 A
next 2 mili second : 52.1 A

At Instantaneous load, battery load extreme condition in 60 second for maximum loads 52.1 A
the discharge load profile is shown in chart below:

79.67

Current
(A) 27.60 II

I III

120 121 480

Time
(Minutes)

4.2.3 110V DC Battery Sizing

4.2.4 Battery Capacity

Based on the 110V DC load discharge profile, the required battery size can be calculated by summing the
total area of section I, II, and III.

Battery size = 222 Ah

for ambient temperatur 400C, temperature derating factor shall be 1 then,

final total battery size required: 221.70 X 1 = 222 Ah
we use only one battery bank to covers total load for 8 hours with capacity = 222 Ah

4.2.5 Number Of Cells

Determining the number of cell shall consider allowable minimum and maximum voltage at the
equipment to be supplied by the battery. If the voltage at equipment terminals is too high compared
with their maximum allowable voltage, the equipment may be damage due to over voltage

Number of cells required according to minimum battery voltage,

with, Umin = minimum equipment voltage ( 85% Nominal = 93.5 VDC

Uend volt/Cell = battery end voltage after discharge
Then,
n= 78 Cells
Number of cells required according to maximum battery voltage,

with, Umax = maximum voltage at any equipmentrequired supplied battery (+10%) = 121 VDC
Ufloat = battery floating voltage
Then,
n= 86 Cells (as per calculation)

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 BATTERY FOR 150KV SYSTEM

From the calculation, the 86 Cells battery bank is applicable for GI 150kV BALONGAN.
- Nominal Voltage : 110 V DC
- Maximum Voltage : 1.45 - 170 V/cell
- Floating Voltage : 1.40 - 1.42 V/cell
- End Voltage : 1.2 V/cell
- Number of Cells : 86 cell (BOQ 88 Cells)
- Battery Capacity : 221.70 Ah (BOQ 300Ah)

4.2.6 110V DC Battery Charger Sizing

supply total load connected is : 222 Ah / 8 Hours = 27.71 A

for NiCd battery, with constant current charging, 80% rated capacity will be reached in 8 hours if the charging
current is 0.2 times the rated capacity of battery.

Icharger = 27.71 + (0.2 x 300Ah)

= 87.71 Ampere (as per calculation)
the selected battery charger specification as follow:
- 3 Phase Input AC : 400 ± 5% VAC
- Frequency : 50Hz
- Output Voltage DC : 110V DC
- Charging Capacity : 88 A (BOQ 100A)
- Time required to recharge battery from minimum to 80% : 8 hours

4.3 48V DC Battery and Charger

4.3.1 48V DC Discharge Load

The type of 48 VDC Load can be classified into constant load/standing load with the major equipment
supplied is the part of teletransmission equipment

The 48VDC batteries shall have capacity to supply the 48VDC load for 8 hours autonomy when the
main supply was out of service.

Table 4 showing the equipment load list supplied by 48V DC distribution systems.

Table 4. 48VDC Discharged Load

DUTY LOAD TOTAL

NO. EQUIPMENT DESCRIPTION UNIT P.F I (A)
FACTOR (WATT) (WATT)
1 MUX 1 1 200 200 0.8 5.21
2 Teleprotection 4 1 10 40 0.8 1.04
3 PLC 0 1 80 0 0.8 0.00
4 PABX 1 1 230 230 0.8 5.99
total Load 470 12.24

4.3.2 48V DC Discharge Load Profile

For sizing purpose, the discharged load profile shown in chart below will used:

Current
(A) 12.24

480

Times
(Minutes)

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 BATTERY FOR 150KV SYSTEM

4.3.4 Battery Capacity

4.3.5 Number Of Cells

Based on the 48VDC discharged load profile, the required battery size can be calculated using same method
with 110V DC system,

Battery Size = 12.24 x(480/60)

97.9 Ah

Temperature derating factor for ambient temperature 400C is 1, therefore the battery size should be :
97.92 x 1 97.9 Ah for 8 hours.

4.3.5 Number Of Cells

Determining the number of cell shall consider allowable minimum and maximum voltage at the
equipment to be supplied by the battery. If the voltage at equipment terminals is too high compared
with their maximum allowable voltage, the equipment may be damage due to over voltage

Number of cells required according to minimum battery voltage,

with, Umin = minimum equipment voltage ( 85% Nominal = 40.8 A

Uend volt/Cell = battery end voltage after discharge
Then,
n= 34 Cells
Number of cells required according to maximum battery voltage,

with, Umax = maximum voltage at any equipmentrequired supplied battery (+10%) = 52.8 A
Uend volt/Cell = battery floating voltage
Then,
n= 38 Cells (as per calculation)

From the calculation, the 38 Cells battery bank is applicable for GI 150kV SEMEN INDONESIA.
- Nominal Voltage : 48 V DC
- Maximum Voltage : 1.45 - 170 V/cell
- Floating Voltage : 1.40 - 1.42 V/cell
- End Voltage : 1.2 V/cell
- Number of Cells : 38 cell (as per Calc.) (BOQ 38 Cells)
- Battery Capacity : 97.92 Ah (as per Calc.) (BOQ 100Ah)
- Autonomy : 8 hours

4.3.6 48V DC Battery Charger Sizing

The charger rating can be defined using same method as 110 VDC systems. It shall have sufficient
power to supplying the load and recharging the full discharged 48VDC battery.

The selected battery capacity was assumed that the total load would be served by 48VDC distribution system.
The loading current is 12.24 A
The charger rating shall be at least,
= 12.24 + (0.2 x 100Ah)
= 32.24 Ampere
The selected battery charger specification as follow:
- 3 Phase Input AC : 400 ± 5% VAC
- Frequency : 50Hz
- Output Voltage DC : 48V DC
- Charging Capacity : 32.2 A (as BOQ 50A)
- Time required to recharge battery from minimum to 80% : 8 hours

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 BATTERY FOR 150KV SYSTEM

V. CONCLUSION
A. 110V DC batteries
Total battery bank's specification as follow
- Nominal Voltage : 110 V DC
- Maximum Voltage : 1.45 - 170 V/cell
- Floating Voltage : 1.40 - 1.42 V/cell
- End Voltage : 1.2 V/cell
- Number of Cells : 88 cell (as per calculation 86)
- Battery Capacity : 300 Ah (as per calculation 267.71 Ah)

B. 110V DC Charger
Total charger is specification as follow
- Input AC : 400 ± 5% VAC
- DC Voltage : 110V DC
- Charging Current : 100 A (as per calculation 93.46 Ah)

C. 48V DC Battery
Total battery bank's specification as follow
- Nominal Voltage : 48 V DC
- Maximum Voltage : 1.45 - 170 V/cell
- Floating Voltage : 1.40 - 1.42 V/cell
- End Voltage : 1.2 V/cell
- Number of Cells : 38 cell (as per calculation 38)
- Battery Capacity : 112 Ah (as per calculation 97.92 Ah)
- Autonomy : 8 hours

D. 48V DC Charger
Total charger is specification as follow
- 3 Phase Input AC : 400 ± 5% VAC
- Frequency : 50Hz
- Output Voltage DC : 48V DC
- Charging Capacity : 50 A (as per Calc. 32.24 A)
- Time required to recharge battery from minimum to 80% : 8 hours

E. Inverter
the selected inverter system has following characteristic :
- Input DC : 110V DC +/- 10%
- AC Voltage Out : 220V AC
- Capacity : 5kVA

The selected vendor will provide the detailed characteristic of inverter, battery banks and battery chargers.

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