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1 For its claims against defendants Five Star Gourmet Foods, Inc. (“Five
2 Star”) and Direct Pack, Inc. (“Direct Pack”), Plaintiffs Ready Pac Foods, Inc. and
3 Ready Pac Produce, Inc. (collectively “Ready Pac”), and Plaintiff D6 Inc. (“D6”)
4 allege as follows:
5 NATURE OF THE ACTION
6 1. This is an action for declaratory judgment under the Federal
7 Declaratory Judgment Act, Title 28, United States Code, Sections 2201 and 2202,
8 of non-infringement and invalidity under the Patent Laws of the United States,
9 Title 35, United States Code, of non-infringement of trade dress under Title 15,
10 United States Code, and of no violation of unfair competition law under Cal. Bus
11 & Prof. Code, Section 17200, et seq.
12 PARTIES
13 2. Plaintiff Ready Pac Foods, Inc. is a Delaware corporation with a
14 principal place of business at 4401 Foxdale Avenue, Irwindale, California 91706.
15 3. Plaintiff Ready Pac Produce, Inc. is a California corporation with a
16 principal place of business at 4401 Foxdale Avenue, Irwindale, California 91706.
17 4. Plaintiff D6 Inc. is an Oregon corporation with a principal place of
18 business at 4630 NE 190th Lane, Portland, OR 97230.
19 5. Upon information and belief, Defendant Five Star is a California
20 corporation with a principal place of business at 3880 East Ebony Street, Ontario
21 California 91761.
22 6. Upon information and belief, Defendant Direct Pack is a Delaware
23 corporation with a principal place of business at 1025 West 8th Street, Azusa,
24 California 91702.
25 JURISDICTION
26 7. This Court has exclusive subject matter jurisdiction under 28 U.S.C.
27 §§ 1331 and 1338(a), as well as 28 U.S.C. §§ 2201 and 2202, for Ready Pac’s
28
1 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 4 of 21
1 design patent and trade dress claims arising under 35 U.S.C. § 1, et seq. and 15
2 U.S.C. § 1051, et seq. Because Ready Pac’s unfair competition claim under Cal.
3 Bus & Prof. Code, Section 17200, et seq. substantially relates to its design patent
4 and trade dress claims, this Court also has exclusive subject matter jurisdiction
5 over the unfair competition claim under 28 U.S.C. § 1338(b), as well as 28 U.S.C.
6 §§ 2201 and 2202.
7 8. As described in additional detail below, an actual and justiciable
8 controversy exists between Ready Pac and Defendants as to the alleged
9 infringement, validity, and enforceability of U.S. Design Pat. Nos. 698,665 (“the
10 ’665 Patent”) and 698,666 (“the ’666 Patent”) (collectively the “Disputed
11 Patents”). Ex. A, ’665 Patent; Ex. B, ’666 Patent. Actual and justiciable
12 controversies also exist between Ready Pac and D6 on the one hand, and Five Star
13 on the other hand, over purported trade dress infringement and of unfair
14 competition law violations. This Court has subject matter jurisdiction over this
15 action based on these real and immediate controversies between Ready Pac and
16 Defendants.
17 9. This Court has personal jurisdiction over Five Star because Five Star
18 is a California corporation with a principal place of business in California, and is
19 therefore subject to the jurisdiction of a court of general jurisdiction in California.
20 Upon information and belief, Five Star also conducts regular business in this
21 District.
22 10. This Court has personal jurisdiction over Direct Pack because Direct
23 Pack has a principal place of business in California, and is therefore subject to the
24 jurisdiction of a court of general jurisdiction in California. Upon information and
25 belief, Direct Pack also conducts regular business in this District and operates a
26 manufacturing facility and warehouse within the District located at 340 El Camino
27 Real B#19, Salinas, California 93901.
28
2 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 5 of 21
1 11. This Court further has specific personal jurisdiction over Defendants
2 because they have consented to its jurisdiction with respect to the Disputed Patents.
3 As discussed in additional detail below, Defendants are asserting the Disputed
4 Patents in this District in Five Star Gourmet Foods, Inc. et al. v. Fresh Express,
5 Inc. et al., Case No. 4:19-cv-05611-PJH (Count III).
6 12. This Court further has specific personal jurisdiction over Defendant
7 Five Star because Five Star has consented to jurisdiction in this District with
8 respect to trade dress and unfair competition law claims substantially related to the
9 Disputed Patents. As discussed in additional detail below, Five Star is also
10 asserting similar trade dress infringement and unfair competition claims in this
11 District in Five Star Gourmet Foods, Inc. et al. v. Fresh Express, Inc. et al., Case
12 No. 4:19-cv-05611-PJH (Counts V and VII).
13 VENUE
14 13. Venue is proper in this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1391(b) because
15 a substantial part of the events giving rise to Ready Pac’s declaratory judgment
16 claims occurred in this district, including Defendants’ joint assertion of the
17 Disputed Patents and Five Star’s related assertion of trade dress and unfair
18 competition claims.
19 14. Venue is also proper in this Court pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 1391(b)(1)
20 and (c)(2) because Defendants are subject to personal jurisdiction in this District,
21 including because Defendants have jointly asserted and are jointly asserting
22 infringement of the Disputed Patents in this District.
23 INTRADISTRICT ASSIGNMENT
24 15. For purposes of intradistrict assignment under Civil Local Rules 3-
25 2(c) and 3-5(b), this Intellectual Property Action will be assigned on a district wide
26 basis.
27
28
3 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 6 of 21
1 FACTUAL BACKGROUND
2 16. For over 45 years, Ready Pac has been an industry leader in offering
3 innovative fresh food products to consumers around the world. In particular,
4 Ready Pac specializes in healthy on-the-go salad kits, which it sells under the
5 Bistro® mark. Ready Pac sells a variety of products lines under this mark, such as
6 the original Bistro® Bowl salads, Organic Bistro®, Bistro® Dinner SolutionsTM,
7 Bistro® Grilled Chicken Kits, and Bistro® Gourmet.
8 17. Ready Pac has also been an industry leader in sustainable business
9 practices. Ready Pac has designed 100% recyclable snack trays, salad bowls,
10 ingredient toppers, and shipping containers for its fresh food products. Ready
11 Pac’s innovative salad bowls use 70% post-consumer PET plastic.
12 18. Plaintiff D6 is a leading innovator in plastic packaging design and
13 manufacturing, and is an industry leader in fields including fast-turnaround design-
14 to-shelf packaging manufacturing and precision thermoforming.
15 Five Star Begins Litigation Over Its “Overwrap Assembly” Design
16 19. On November 19, 2018, Five Star filed a lawsuit against Ready Pac in
17 the United States District Court for the Central District of California alleging, inter
18 alia, that Ready Pac infringed U.S. Design Patent No. 769,732 (“the ’732 Patent”).
19 Five Star Gourmet Foods, Inc. v. Ready Pac Foods, Inc. et al., Case No. 5:18-cv-
20 2436-DDP-KK (the “Central District Action”).
21 20. The ’732 Patent is entitled “Container and Overwrap Assembly,”
22 bears an issuance date of Oct. 25, 2016, and identifies only Five Star as the
23 “Applicant” and “Assignee.” The United States Patent and Trademark Office
24 (“USPTO”) Assignment records identify Five Star as the sole owner of the ’732
25 Patent.
26
27
28
4 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 7 of 21
1 21. The ’732 Patent covers a design for a “container and overlap
2 assembly,” and does not protect any design for a “tray” or “bowl and tray unit
3 assembly.”
4 22. Five Star’s initial Complaint and its First Amended Complaint, which
5 was filed on December 28, 2018, allege infringement of only Ready Pac’s
6 “cardboard overlap”.
7 23. The products Five Star accuses of infringing the ’732 Patent are sold
8 through a first retailer.
9 Five Star and Direct Pack Begin Litigation Over Their Container Designs
10 24. Almost a year later, on September 5, 2019, Defendants Five Star and
11 Direct Pack jointly filed a lawsuit against Fresh Express, Inc., Proseal America,
12 Inc., and Plastic Ingenuity, Inc. in the United States District Court for the Northern
13 District of California. Five Star Gourmet Foods, Inc. et al. v. Fresh Express, Inc.
14 et al., Case No. 4:19-cv-05611-PJH (the “Northern District Action”). This lawsuit
15 alleges, inter alia, infringement of the Disputed Patents (the ’665 Patent and the
16 ’666 Patent) by Fresh Express, Inc.’s and Proseal America, Inc.’s plastic
17 packaging. Five Star further alleges trade dress infringement and violation of
18 California’s unfair competition law, also based on Fresh Express, Inc.’s and
19 Proseal America, Inc.’s packaging.
20 25. The ’665 Patent is entitled “Tray,” and bears an issuance date of
21 February 4, 2014. The ’665 Patent identifies Five Star and Direct Pack as both
22 “Applicants” and “Assignees.” The USPTO Assignment records identify Five Star
23 and Direct Pack as co-owners of the ’665 Patent.
24 26. The ’666 Patent is entitled “Bowl and Tray Unit Assembly,” and bears
25 an issuance date of February 4, 2014. The ’666 Patent identifies Five Star and
26 Direct Pack as both “Applicants” and “Assignees.” The USPTO Assignment
27 records identify Five Star and Direct Pack as co-owners of the ’666 Patent.
28
5 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 8 of 21
1 marketing its D6 Premium Salad Bowl design in reliance that Five Star would not
2 assert the ’666 Patent against the D6 Premium Salad Bowl. For nearly two years,
3 until seeking leave to file the Second Amended Complaint against D6’s customer
4 Ready Pac, Five Star took no legal action as to D6.
5 33. The proposed Second Amended Complaint in the Central District
6 Action does not name Direct Pack, the co-owner of the ’655 Patent and ’666
7 Patent, as a co-plaintiff.
8 34. Five Star was granted leave to file its proposed Second Amended
9 Complaint that names only Five Star as a plaintiff. However, as of the filing of
10 this declaratory judgment complaint, Five Star has not filed its proposed Second
11 Amended Complaint alleging infringement of the ’665 and ’666 Patents.
12 35. As of the filing of this Complaint for Declaratory Judgment, Five Star
13 has not sought leave to amend its Complaint to name Direct Pack as a co-plaintiff
14 in the Central District Action, nor has it been granted leave to file an amended
15 complaint that names Direct Pack as a co-plaintiff.
16 36. Five Star lacks standing to assert the Disputed Patents in the Central
17 District Action without Direct Pack. Consequently, that Court lacks subject matter
18 jurisdiction over Five Star’s proposed infringement allegations based on the ’665
19 Patent and ’666 Patent.
20 37. Five Star’s proposed Second Amended Complaint alleges that Ready
21 Pac “produce[s] and distribute[s] premade salads throughout the United States,
22 including California, that infringe Five Star’s duly-issued rights in . . . U.S. Patent
23 No. D698,665 for ‘ornamental design for a tray’ (the ‘’665 Patent’) and U.S. Patent
24 No. D698,666 for ‘Bowl and Tray Assembly Unit’ (the ‘’666 Patent’).” Ex. C, ¶ 3.
25 38. Five Star’s proposed Second Amended Complaint further alleges
26 trade dress infringement by Ready Pac’s plastic packaging, which includes the D6
27
28
7 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 10 of 21
1 Premium Salad Bowl, id. ¶ 40, and violations of California unfair competition law
2 based on that purported trade dress infringement. Id. ¶ 50.
3 39. Five Star’s proposed Second Amended Complaint requests “a
4 preliminary and/or permanent injunction” restraining Ready Pac from
5 “manufacturing, using, marketing, distributing, selling, offering to sell, and
6 importing any product that infringes Five Star’s . . . ’665, or ’666 Patents.” Id.,
7 Prayer for Relief.
8 40. Five Star’s design patent infringement allegations against Ready Pac’s
9 and D6’s products and request for injunctive relief in the Central District Action—
10 along with Five Star’s and Direct Pack’s suit against other competitors—have
11 created a concrete and immediate justiciable controversy between Ready Pac and
12 D6 on the one hand and the Declaratory Judgment Defendants on the other over
13 the ’665 and ’666 Patents. This controversy confers jurisdiction upon this Court
14 pursuant to the Declaratory Judgment Act, 28 U.S.C. §§ 2201 and 2202.
15 41. Similarly, Five Star’s related trade dress infringement allegations
16 against Ready Pac’s products and packaging that include the D6 Premium Salad
17 Bowl and its unfair competition allegations against Ready Pac and its products
18 (which include the D6 Premium Salad Bowl) have created a concrete and
19 immediate justiciable controversy between Ready Pac, D6, and Five Star over Five
20 Star’s potential trade dress and unfair competition claims. This controversy
21 confers jurisdiction upon this Court pursuant to the Declaratory Judgment Act, 28
22 U.S.C. §§ 2201 and 2202.
23 42. Exercising jurisdiction over Ready Pac’s declaratory judgment claims
24 would serve the interests of justice by (i) coordinating the pre-trial litigation about
25 the ’665 and ’666 Patents in a single District, thereby reducing the risk of
26 inconsistent judgments; and (ii) permitting the parties to efficiently resolve their
27 controversies.
28
8 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 11 of 21
1 COUNT I
2 (Declaration of Invalidity of U.S. Pat. No. D698,665)
3 43. Ready Pac and D6 repeat and reallege each and every allegation
4 contained in the foregoing paragraphs as if fully set forth herein.
5 44. An actual controversy exists with respect to the ’665 Patent. Absent a
6 declaration of invalidity and/or non-infringement, Defendants will wrongfully
7 assert the ’665 Patent against Ready Pac’s and D6’s salad bowls, and thereby cause
8 Ready Pac and D6 irreparable injury and damage.
9 45. Pursuant to the Federal Declaratory Judgment Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2201
10 et seq., Ready Pac and D6 request a declaration from the Court that the ’665 Patent
11 is not infringed, invalid, and unenforceable.
12 46. Each claim of the ’665 Patent is invalid because it fails to satisfy one
13 or more conditions for patentability set forth in 35 U.S.C. § 101 et seq., including
14 but not limited to Sections 171, 102, 103, and 112.
15 47. For example, the ’665 Patent is invalid under 35 U.S.C. §§ 102 and/or
16 103 based on at least the following references (each of which is prior art to the
17 ’665 Patent) or combinations thereof:
18 U.S. Patent No. 5,593,062 to Martin (“Martin”);
19 U.S. Patent 4,807,776 to Cortopassi (“Cortopassi”);
20 U.S. Design Patent No. 555,475 to Enriquez & Pho (“Enriquez”);
21 U.S. Design Patent No. 615,821 to Stamper (“Stamper”); and
22 U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0307116 to Fisher
23 (“Fisher”).
24 48. More specifically, as an example, Martin discloses a food tray with
25 five depressions. Like the claimed tray, Martin discloses a food tray that
26 (i) contains a centered circular depression and four identical corner depressions;
27 and (ii) is symmetrical horizontally, vertically, and across both diagonals.
28
9 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 12 of 21
1 different shape and design for the dividing walls between the containers, (iv) have a
2 different location for the salad dressing circular container, (v) have different semi-circular
3 finger notches around the salad dressing circular container, and (vi) have a different indent
4 shape and location along the perimeter of the topper.
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
57. Ready Pac and D6 are entitled to a judgment declaring that they have not and
15
are not infringing, either directly or indirectly, any claim of the ’665 Patent.
16
COUNT III
17
(Declaration of Invalidity of U.S. Pat. No. D698,666)
18
58. Ready Pac and D6 repeat and reallege each and every allegation
19
contained in the foregoing paragraphs as if fully set forth herein.
20
59. An actual controversy exists with respect to the ’666 Patent. Absent a
21
declaration of invalidity and/or non-infringement, Defendants will wrongfully
22
assert the ’666 Patent against Ready Pac’s and D6’s salad bowls, and thereby cause
23
Ready Pac and D6 irreparable injury and damage.
24
60. Pursuant to the Federal Declaratory Judgment Act, 28 U.S.C. § 2201
25
et seq., Ready Pac requests a declaration from the Court that the ’666 Patent is
26
invalid and unenforceable.
27
28
11 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 14 of 21
1 61. Each claim of the ’666 Patent is invalid because it fails to satisfy one
2 or more conditions for patentability set forth in 35 U.S.C. § 101 et seq., including
3 but not limited to Sections 171, 102, 103, and 112.
4 62. For example, the ’666 Patent is invalid under 35 U.S.C. §§ 102 and/or
5 103 based on at least the following references (each of which is prior art to the
6 ’666 Patent) or combinations thereof:
7 U.S. Patent No. 5,593,062 to Martin (“Martin”);
8 U.S. Patent 4,807,776 to Cortopassi (“Cortopassi”);
9 U.S. Design Patent No. 555,475 to Enriquez & Pho (“Enriquez”);
10 U.S. Design Patent No. 615,821 to Stamper (“Stamper”); and
11 U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0307116 to Fisher
12 (“Fisher”).
13 63. More specifically, as an example, Martin discloses a food tray with
14 five depressions. Like the tray portion of the claimed bowl and tray unit assembly,
15 Martin discloses a food tray that (i) contains a centered circular depression and
16 four identical corner depressions; and (ii) is symmetrical horizontally, vertically,
17 and across both diagonals.
18 64. Moreover, Cortopassi discloses a rounded square bowl and tray unit
19 assembly containing a food-tray insert with roughly the same exterior shape as the
20 ’666 Patent’s tray.
21 65. A person of ordinary skill in the art would therefore find the ’666
22 Patent obvious at least based on Martin and Cortopassi.
23 66. A judicial determination of the respective rights of the parties with
24 respect to the invalidity of the claims of the ’666 patent is now necessary and
25 appropriate under 28 U.S.C. § 2201.
26
27
28
12 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 15 of 21
1 COUNT IV
2 (Declaration of Non-Infringement of U.S. Pat. No. D698,666)
3 67. Ready Pac and D6 repeat and reallege each and every allegation
4 contained in the foregoing paragraphs as if fully set forth herein.
5 68. As a result of the acts described in the foregoing paragraphs, there exists an
6 actual and justiciable controversy of sufficient immediacy and reality to warrant the
7 issuance of a declaratory judgment that Ready Pac and D6 have not infringed and do not
8 infringe any claim of the ’666 Patent.
9 69. Ready Pac’s and D6’s salad bowls have not and do not directly or indirectly
10 infringe the ’666 Patent.
11 70. Ready Pac’s and D6’s designs are so plainly dissimilar from the ’666 Patent
12 that Ready Pac and D6 are entitled to judgment as a matter of law, and even disregarding
13 the marked difference in the functional elements of the products, the appearances of the
14 Ready Pac and D6 products are dissimilar enough from the ’666 Patent to conclude that an
15 observer familiar with the prior art would not confuse the products.
16 71. An ordinary observer would immediately observe substantial differences
17 between the patented design and the packaging used by the accused products. For example,
18 and without limitation, Ready Pac’s and D6’s salad bowl toppers (below right), as
19 compared to the ’666 Patent, (i) are not symmetrical about the horizontal and vertical axes,
20 (ii) do not have W-shaped containers in all of the ingredient compartments, (iii) have a
21 different shape and design for the dividing walls between the containers, (iv) have a
22 different location for the salad dressing circular container, (v) have different semi-circular
23 finger notches around the salad dressing circular container, and (vi) have a different indent
24 shape and location along the perimeter of the topper.
25 72. Additionally, for example, and without limitation, Ready Pac’s and D6’s salad
26 bowls (below right), as compared to the ’666 Patent, (i) do not have a rounded-square
27
28
13 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 16 of 21
1 shaped bottom to the salad bowl, (ii) do not have corner protrusions on the top of the salad
2 bowl, and (iii) do not have an opaque salad bowl.
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
73. Ready Pac and D6 are entitled to a judgment declaring that they have not and
19
are not infringing, either directly or indirectly, any claim of the ’666 Patent.
20
COUNT V
21
(Declaration of Non-Infringement of Trade Dress)
22
74. Ready Pac and D6 repeat and reallege each and every allegation
23
contained in the foregoing paragraphs as if fully set forth herein.
24
75. Five Star does not have any registered trade dress rights.
25
76. Five Star purports to assert in the Central District Action that its trade
26
dress rights include the use of squared plastic bowls with rounded corners, bowls
27
28
14 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 17 of 21
1 that taper such that the top of each bowl has a larger perimeter than does the
2 bottom, a clear plastic tray insert that has compartments for ingredients and four
3 openings (or finger inserts), one near each corner, and when the bowl is sold
4 individually rather than in packs of two, there is a clear plastic overwrap that
5 contains the product name, ingredients, and all other marketing and legally
6 required information.
7 77. Five Star cannot meet its burden to prove that these features qualify
8 for unregistered trade dress protection. Five Star cannot meet its burden to prove
9 that its alleged trade dress has acquired secondary meaning. Upon information and
10 belief, consumers do not associate the purported trade dress as belonging to Five
11 Star.
12 78. Five Star cannot meet its burden to prove a likelihood of confusion
13 between its purported trade dress and the product packaging used by Ready Pac,
14 including the D6 Premium Salad Bowl.
15 79. For example, and without limitation, Ready Pac’s and D6’s salad bowl toppers
16 (below right), as compared to Five Star’s products (below left), (i) are not symmetrical
17 about the horizontal and vertical axes, (ii) do not have W-shaped in all of the ingredient
18 compartments, (iii) have a different shape and design for the dividing walls between the
19 containers, (iv) have a different location for the salad dressing circular container, (v) have
20 different semi-circular finger notches around the salad dressing circular container, and
21 (vi) have a different indent shape and location along the perimeter of the topper.
22 80. Additionally, for example, and without limitation, Ready Pac’s and
23 D6’s salad bowls (below right), as compared to Five Star’s products (below left),
24 (i) do not have a rounded-square shaped bottom to the salad bowl, (ii) do not have
25 corner protrusions on the top of the salad bowl, and (iii) do not have an opaque
26 salad bowl.
27
28
15 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 18 of 21
1 81. Further, for example, and without limitation, Ready Pac’s salad bowls
2 (incorporating the D6 Premium Salad Bowl) (below right), as compared to Five
3 Star’s products (below left) display product information directly on the plastic
4 packaging.
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15 82. Five Star cannot meet its burden to prove that its alleged trade dress is
16 non-functional. For example, and without limitation, Five Star’s dividing walls
17 help the food products contained within retain their freshness.
18 83. Ready Pac and D6 are therefore entitled to a judgment declaring that
19 they have not and are not infringing any trade dress of Five Star.
20 COUNT VI
21 (Declaration of No Violation of California Unfair Competition Law)
22 84. Ready Pac and D6 repeat and reallege each and every allegation
23 contained in the foregoing paragraphs as if fully set forth herein.
24 85. Because Ready Pac and D6 do not infringe Defendants’ patents or
25 Five Star’s purported trade dress, as discussed above, they has not engaged in any
26
27
28
16 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 19 of 21
1 unfair and/or fraudulent business practices that would mislead, deceive, or confuse
2 consumers.
3 86. Ready Pac and D6 are therefore entitled to a judgment declaring that
4 they have not and are not violating California’s unfair competition law.
5 PLAINTIFFS’ PRAYER FOR RELIEF
6 Wherefore, Plaintiffs pray for judgment in their favor and against
7 Defendants as follows:
8 A. For judgment in Ready Pac’s and D6’s favor and affirming invalidity and non-
9 infringement of the ‘665 and ‘666 Patents;
10 B. That the Court enter judgment against Defendants and in favor of Ready Pac
11 and D6 and that the Complaint for Declaratory Judgment in this action be granted in its
12 entirety;
13 C. Enter judgment that the ’665 and ’666 Patents are invalid;
14 D. Enter judgment that Plaintiffs’ products do not infringe, directly or indirectly,
15 the ’665 or ’666 Patents;
16 E. Enter judgment that Five Star’s products are not entitled to trade dress
17 protection;
18 F. Enter judgment that Plaintiffs’ products do not infringe any trade dress that
19 might be owned by Five Star;
20 G. Enter judgment that Plaintiffs do not violate California unfair competition
21 law;
22 H. An order awarding Ready Pac and D6 their costs and expenses;
23 I. That the Court deem this an exceptional case under 35 U.S.C. § 285 and award
24 Ready Pac and D6 their costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees; and
25 J. That the Court award Ready Pac and D6 any and all other and further relief
26 that the Court deems just and proper.
27
28
17 COMPLAINT FOR DECLARATORY JUDGMENT;
CASE NO. 20-CV-667
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 20 of 21
Exhibit A
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-1 Filed 01/29/20 Page 2 of 10
111111111111111111111111111111!!!,11
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USOOD698665S
U.S. Patent
Patent Feb. 4, 2014
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Sheet 1 US D698,665 S
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U.S. Patent
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Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-2 Filed 01/29/20 Page 1 of 11
Exhibit B
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-2 Filed 01/29/20 Page 2 of 11
I11111
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III
11111
111111
,11I1,1,!,11
8!1611111
11111
1111111
11111111111
USOOD698666S
(54) ANDTRAY
BOWL AND UNITASSEMBLY
TRAY UNIT ASSEMBLY 4,807,776
4,807,776 A
A ** 2/1989
2/1989 Cortopassi
Cortopassi................. 220/23.83
220, 23.83
D444,058 S * 6/2001 Hampshire et a1. al. D9,761
D9/761
TY D513,979 S * 1/2006
1/2006 Snedden et al. ............... D9/425
(71)
(71) Applicants:Direct
Applicants: Direct Pack,
Pack, Inc., Sun Valley,
Inc., Sun Valley, CA
CA (US);
(US); D514,931
D514,931 S
S ** 2/2006
2/2006 Snedden et
Snedden al. ... ... D9/425
et al. D9.425
Five Star Gourmet
Five Star Gourmet Foods,
Foods, Inc.,
Inc., D517.405
D517,405 S * 3/2006 Snedden et al. ............... D9/425
Ontario, CA (US) D551,091
D551,091 S
S ** 9/2007
9/2007 Shahsavarani .....
Shahsavarani D9,761
D9/761
D597,379 S * 8/2009 Changpan ... D7/542
(72) D607,284 S * 1/2010
1/2010 Ho ................. D7/629
(72) Inventors:
Inventors: Gandhi
Gandhi B. Sifuentes, West Covina, CA
B. Sifuentes, West Covina, CA
(US); Craig R. Snedden, Culver City,
D628,478 S * 12/2010 Snedden et al. ...
D628,478 S * 12/2010 Snedden et al. ... D9/431
D9/431
(US); Craig R. Snedden, Culver City, D628,479
D628,479 S
S ** 12/2010
12/2010 Snedden et
Snedden al. ............... D9/431
et al. D9/431
CA (US); Tal
CA (US); Tal Shoshan,
Shoshan, Alta
Alta Loma, CA
Loma, CA D632,170 S * 2/2011 Lawrence et al. .............. D9/425
(US) D640,129 S * 6/2011
6/2011 Sifuentes et al. ...... ... D9/425 D9.425
D640,544 S * 6/2011
6/2011 Sifuentes et al. ...... ... D9/425 D9.425
(73) TY D642,484 S * 8/2011 Birchmeier et al. ........... D9/760
(73) Assignees:
Assignees: Direct
El
Five
Pack, Inc., Sun Valley, CA (US);
Inc., Fai,
Star Gourmet CA (US);
Foods, Inc., D642,937 S * 8/2011 Birchmeier et al. ........... D9/760
D642,937 S * 8/2011 Birchmeier et al. D9/760
Ive Star yourmet Foods, Inc.,
Ontario,
D646,969 S * 10/2011
10/2011 Snedden et al. ....... ... D9/431
Ontario, CA (US)
CA (US) D646,984 S * 10/2011
10/2011 Moore et al. ....... D9,737
D9/737
D660,147 S * 5/2012 Snedden et al. ... D9/435
D9? 435
(**)
(**) Term: 14 Years D665,663
D665,663 S
S ** 8/2012
8/2012 Krupa
Krupa ................ ... D9/428
D9? 428
D688,126 S * 8/2013 Snedden et al. ............... D9/435
(21)
(21) Appl No.:
Appl. No. 29/438,980
29/438.98O D688,941
D688,941 S
S ** 9/2013
9/2013 Sifuentes
Sifuentes etet al.
al. .............. D9/432
D9,432
y x- - - 9
** cited
cited by
by examiner
(22)
(22) Filed:
Filed: Dec.
Dec. 5, 2012
2012
(51) LOC (10) Cl. ................................................ O9-03
09-03 Primary
Primary Examiner
Examiner -— Mark
Mark Goodwin
Goodwin
(52) U.S. Cl. (74) Attorney,
(74) Attorney, Agent,
Agent, or
or Firm
Firm -— Frost
Frost Brown
Brown Todd
Todd LLC
LLC
USPC ............................... D9/761; D9/425; D9/431
(57) CLAIM
(58)
(58) Field of
Field of Classification
Classification Search (57)
The
CLAIMand tray unit assembly, as
USPC .......... D9/414,
USPC D9/414, 419, 419, 424,
424, 425,
425, 430,
430, 431,
431, 432,
432, The ornamental
ornamental design
design for
for aa bowl
bowl and tray unit assembly, as
shown and described.
D7/601-603, 605,
50,435,761. D7538.540.5so
D9/435, 761; D7/538, 549, 550.1,
629; 229/105, 117.09,
shown and described.
D7/601-603, 605, 629; 229/105,117.09, DESCRIPTION
DESCRIPTION
229/117.26,
229/117.26, 189, 406, 407,902,905,
189,406, 407, 902, 905,
229/915.1;
229/915.1: 220/23.4,
220/23.4, 23.6,
23.6, 266,
266, 281, 315,
281,315, FIG. 11 is a top perspective view of of a bowl and tray unit
220/318, 500, 659, 669, 674, 675,
220/318, 500, 659, 669, 674, 675, 696, 752, 696, 752, assembly, showing
assembly, showing ourour new
new design;
design;
220/760,
220/760, 790, 790, 793, DIG. 12,
793, DIG. 12, FOR.
FOR. 117;
117; FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view thereof;
206/508, 557, 499
See application file
2O67508, 557, 499 FIG. 3 is a front elevation view thereof;
See application file for complete search
for complete search history.
history. FIG. 44 isis aa rear
FIG. rear elevation view thereof;
elevation view thereof.
FIG.
FIG. 55 isis aa left
left elevation view
view thereof;
thereof;
(56) References Cited
FIG.
FIG. 66 isis aa right
right elevation
elevation view
view thereof;
thereof;
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS FIG.
FIG. 77 is
is aa top
top plan
plan view
view thereof;
thereof; and,
and,
FIG.
FIG. 88 isis aa bottom
bottom plan
plan view
view thereof.
thereof.
3,070,275
3,070,275 A ** 12/1962
12, 1962 Bostrom
Bostrom ........................ 229/4.5
229.45
D292.887
D292,887 S ** 11/1987
1 1/1987 Schouten ....................... D9/424
D9,424 1
1 Claim, 8 Drawing
Drawing Sheets
(JILA2
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-2 Filed 01/29/20 Page 3 of 11
U.S. Patent
Patent Feb. 4, 2014 1 of 8
Sheet 1 US D698,666
D698,666SS
Fig. 1
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-2 Filed 01/29/20 Page 4 of 11
U.S. Patent
Patent Feb. 4, 2014 Sheet 2 of 8 US D698,666
D698,666SS
Fig.2
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-2 Filed 01/29/20 Page 5 of 11
U.S. Patent
Patent Feb.
Feb. 4, 2014 Sheet 3 of 8 US D698,666
US D698,666SS
t-m)?
TIS-TIA,
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-2 Filed 01/29/20 Page 6 of 11
U.S. Patent
Patent Feb.
Feb. 4, 2014 Sheet 4 of 8 US D698,666
D698,666SS
E-m>S),I~TL
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-2 Filed 01/29/20 Page 7 of 11
in
.0)
LL_
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-2 Filed 01/29/20 Page 8 of 11
CD
0)
L.L.
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-2 Filed 01/29/20 Page 9 of 11
U.S. Patent
Patent Feb.
Feb. 4, 2014 Sheet 7 of 8 US D698,666
US D698,666SS
._
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-2 Filed 01/29/20 Page 10 of 11
U.S. Patent
Patent Feb. 4, 2014
Feb. Sheet 8 of 8 US D698,666 S
.
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-2 Filed 01/29/20 Page 11 of 11
ItIt is
is certified that error
certified that appears in
error appears the above-identified
in the above-identified patent
patent and that said
and that said Letters
Letters Patent
Patent isis hereby
hereby corrected
corrected as
as shown
shown below:
below:
Page, Item
Title Page, Item (12)
(12) "Sifuentes"
"Sifuentes' should
should read
read ---- Shoshan, etet al. --.
--.
Title Page, Item
Title Page, Item (72)
(72) Inventor
Inventor isis corrected
corrected to
to read:
read:
--
-- Tal Shoshan, Alta
Alta Loma
Loma (CA);
(CA);
Gandhi B.
Gandhi B. Sifuentes, West Convina (CA) (CA) --.
74-4-04- 2% 4 Michelle K.
K. Lee
Director
Director of
of the
the United
United States
States Patent
Patent and
and Trademark
Trademark Office
Office
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-3 Filed 01/29/20 Page 1 of 42
Exhibit C
Case 5:20-cv-00667
Case 5:18-cv-02436-DDP-KK Document
Document 54-21-3Filed
Filed 01/29/20Page
01/17/20 Page
1 of2 41
of 42Page ID #:373
1 For its Second Amended Complaint against Defendants Ready Pac Foods,
2 Inc. and Ready Pac Produce, Inc., Plaintiff Five Star Gourmet Foods, Inc. alleges as
3 follow:
4 INTRODUCTION
5 1. Plaintiff Five Star Gourmet Foods, Inc. (“Five Star”) has prepared and
6 distributed fresh, healthy, high-quality, and innovative food products to consumers,
7 retailers, and schoolchildren from its modest headquarters in Ontario, California for
8 nearly 20 years. As a pioneer in the flourishing premade health food space, Five
9 Star’s cutting-edge product innovations are mirrored by equally innovative and
10 recognizable packaging, which has helped build a nationwide following in the local
11 brand.
12 2. Defendants Ready Pac Foods, Inc. and Ready Pac Produce, Inc.
13 (together, “Ready Pac” or “Defendants”) are part of an international conglomerate in
14 the retail food space, Bonduelle. Defendants have tried time and again to overtake
15 Five Star’s market share—especially in healthy, premade salads—to no avail.
16 Desperate to corner this market and squeeze out a smaller competitor, Defendants
17 have replicated not only Five Star’s patent-protected packaging, but also its
18 branding, in a thinly-veiled effort to deceive consumers into buying Defendants’
19 products instead of Five Star’s products.
20 3. Specifically, Defendants produce and distribute premade salads
21 throughout the United States, including California, that infringe Five Star’s duly-
22 issued rights in U.S. Patent No. D769,732 S for “Container and Overwrap
23 Assembly” (the “‘732 Patent”), U.S. Patent No. D698,665 for “ornamental design
24 for a tray” (the “’665 Patent”) and U.S. Patent No. D698,666 for “Bowl and Tray
25 Assembly Unit” (the “’666 Patent”), and Five Star’s established trade dress rights in
26 the image of its “Simply Fresh” line of premium premade salads.
27 4. Defendants’ products are neither manufactured nor authorized by Five
28 Star, nor are Defendants connected to or affiliated with Five Star in any way. This
2
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
Case 5:20-cv-00667
Case 5:18-cv-02436-DDP-KK Document
Document 54-21-3Filed
Filed 01/29/20Page
01/17/20 Page
3 of4 41
of 42Page ID #:375
1 action seeks injunctive relief and monetary damages to remedy the harm to Five Star
2 caused by Defendants’ infringement of Five Star’s patent and trade dress rights, and
3 the conduct calculated to do so, which constitutes unfair competition.
4 5. This is an action in law and in equity for patent infringement, trade
5 dress infringement, and unfair competition, arising under the Patent Act, 35 U.S.C. §
6 1, et seq., the Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1051, et seq., and California’s Unfair
7 Competition Law, Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17200, et seq., respectively.
8 JURISDICTION AND VENUE
9 6. This case arises under the Patent Act, 35 U.S.C. § 1, et seq., the
10 Lanham Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1051, et seq., and Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 17200, et seq.
11 This Court has jurisdiction over this action pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 39 and 28 U.S.C.
12 § 1331, 1367(a) and 1338(a). The commercial activities of all parties, as well as
13 each separately, affect commerce that may lawfully be regulated by Congress in
14 accordance with the Lanham Act under 15 U.S.C. § 1127.
15 7. Venue is proper in the Central District of California under 28 U.S.C. §
16 1391(b)(2) because Five Star is headquartered in the District, Defendants and their
17 parent organization(s) transact business in this District, and the acts and omissions
18 giving rise to Five Star’s claims occurred in this District.
19 PARTIES
20 8. Plaintiff Five Star Gourmet Foods, Inc. is a California corporation with
21 a principal place of business at 3380 East Ebony Street, Ontario, California 91761.
22 9. On information and belief, Defendant Ready Pac Foods, Inc. is a
23 Delaware corporation qualified to do business in California, with a principal place
24 of business at 4401 Foxdale Avenue, Irwindale, California 91706.
25 10. On information and belief, Defendant Ready Pac Produce, Inc. is a
26 California corporation, with a principal place of business at 4401 Foxdale Avenue,
27 Irwindale, California 91706.
28
3
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
Case 5:20-cv-00667
Case 5:18-cv-02436-DDP-KK Document
Document 54-21-3Filed
Filed 01/29/20Page
01/17/20 Page
4 of5 41
of 42Page ID #:376
1 11. On information and belief, Defendants Ready Pac Foods, Inc. and
2 Ready Pac Produce, Inc. are wholly-owned subsidiaries of Bonduelle, a company
3 founded in France. Five Star further alleges on information and belief that
4 Bonduelle owns several food brands around the world and conducts business in the
5 United States, including in California, through Defendants as “Bonduelle Fresh
6 Americas,” a company based out of Québec, Canada.
7 12. Does 1-10, inclusive, are sued herein under fictitious names, as their
8 true names and capacities are unknown to Five Star at this time. When their true
9 names and capacities are ascertained, Five Star will amend this Complaint by
10 inserting their true names and capacities herein. Five Star is informed and believes,
11 and thereon alleges, that each of the fictitiously named Defendants is responsible in
12 some manner for the acts herein alleged, and that Five Star’s damages, as herein
13 alleged, were proximately caused by the Doe Defendants.
14 GENERAL ALLEGATIONS
15 FIVE STAR’S PREMIUM SALAD PRODUCTS AND TRADE DRESS
16 13. Since 1998, Five Star has prepared and distributed fresh, healthy, and
17 innovative food products through retail, school, and food service channels. The
18 public recognizes Five Star’s fresh products due to its unique trade dress and its
19 patented packaging. Five Star carefully prepares and assembles fresh ingredients
20 before they are refrigerated or quick-frozen, which allows Five Star’s consumers to
21 enjoy a convenient finished product that tastes fresh and just-prepared. Five Star’s
22 products are sold at food retailers nationwide, including grocery stores, health food
23 stores, membership-only warehouse clubs, and discount department stores in the
24 state of California.
25 14. One of Five Star’s most popular products is a well-established line of
26 premium salads known under the trademarked names “Simply Fresh Salads” and
27 “Simply Fresh Organic.” These products are also an integral part of Five Star’s
28 expanding Simply Fresh Line of products, including “Simply Fresh Kitchen,”
4
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
Case 5:20-cv-00667
Case 5:18-cv-02436-DDP-KK Document
Document 54-21-3Filed
Filed 01/29/20Page
01/17/20 Page
5 of6 41
of 42Page ID #:377
1 “Simply Fresh Snacks,” “Simply Fresh Soups,” Simply Fresh Sides,” “Simply Fresh
2 Solutions,” and “Simply Fresh 4 Kids” (collectively, the “Simply Fresh Line”).
3 Five Star’s Simply Fresh Line fills an increasing market desire in recent years for
4 fresh ingredients grown without the use of pesticides, growth stimulants, or
5 antibiotics.
6 15. Five Star’s Simply Fresh Line has been a longtime and successful
7 fixture at its various retailers, and Five Star worked hard to create an established
8 look for the line that reflects Five Star’s unique processes and brand. This hard
9 work has garnered a loyal consumer following in Five Star’s Simply Fresh Line.
10 16. Five Star’s Simply Fresh Line has been recognizable in the marketplace
11 due to the trade dress it has used consistently since at least 2014. The unique layout
12 of Five Star’s salad products is known to consumers and has played an important
13 part in Five Star’s success.
14 17. The standard in the industry is to use a round bowl for salad kits.
15 Sometimes retailer specifications require the use of a round bowl. But where Five
16 Star is free to use its preferred packaging, Five Star’s salad products come in
17 squared plastic bowls with rounded corners. The bowls taper such that the top of
18 each bowl has a larger perimeter than does the bottom. On top of the bowls sit clear
19 plastic tray inserts that have compartments for ingredients and four openings (or
20 finger inserts), one near each corner. Five Star has used this packaging since 2014
21 and the packaging has become well known to consumers and expected with virtually
22 all Simply Fresh products.
Simply
23 Fresh.
SALADS
24
25
26
27
28
5
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
Case 5:20-cv-00667
Case 5:18-cv-02436-DDP-KK Document
Document 54-21-3Filed
Filed 01/29/20Page
01/17/20 Page
6 of7 41
of 42Page ID #:378
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9 1
10
11
12
13
14 \_.
15 1
16 °
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
7
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
Case 5:18-cv-0Case 5:20-cv-00667
2436-DD Document
P-KK Documen t 54-2 1-3 Filed
Filed 01/29/20
01/17/20 Page
Page 8 of941 Page ID #:380
of 42
1 19. With respect to its salad multi-packs, Five Star joins two bowls – one
2 stacked on top of the other – with a vertical sleeve that wraps around both bowls and
3 acts simultaneously as a packaging overwrap and label. The sleeve contains the
4 well-established “Simply Fresh” logo at the top of the sleeve—and for its Organic
5 products, the word “Organic” immediately below—in readily identifiable fonts and
6 styles used for the Simply Fresh Line. Located below the logo is the product name,
7 comprised of the salad’s main ingredients, with a photographic depiction of the
8 ingredients. At the bottom is a more detailed listing of the organic ingredients
9 contained in the salad and additional details about the product, such as “chicken
10 raised without antibiotics” and “non-GMO.” On or about the bottom of the sleeve is
11 a row of four logos showing icons of the various social media platforms Five Star is
12 active on, inviting consumers to “follow us,” and there is a statement regarding the
13 recyclability of the sleeve and salad container as well as a statement about the
14 packaging materials being recycled from a certain number of plastic bottles. Below
15 are true and correct images of a Five Star Simply Fresh Organic salad:
16
17
18
19
20
tZuin{IA, Criutherry
21 :Lgii Pep ILI Salad
el Pork kipslimo
22
23
Quinoat. Cranberry
24 andPepita Salad
25
26
27
28
8
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
Case 5:20-cv-00667
Case 5:18-cv-02436-DDP-KK Document
Document 54-21-3Filed
Filed 01/29/20Page
01/17/20 Page 1041
9 of of 42
Page ID #:381
1 to produce, make, use, offer for sale, sell, and/or import a line of premade salads
2 called “Bistro Organic” that utilized a virtually identical cardboard overwrap to that
3 of Five Star’s Simply Fresh Line, and particularly the organic varieties of Five
4 Star’s line. Using an extremely similar narrow, vertical cardboard sleeve and
5 overall trade dress design, Defendants’ company and brand identifying information
6 is at the top of the sleeve, with the term “Organic” displayed immediately below—
7 all of which employ a font scheme nearly identical to Five Star’s sleeve. Further,
8 like Five Star’s sleeve, the specific product name is displayed toward the center
9 together with photographic depictions of the salad ingredients. The bottom of the
10 sleeve, like Five Star’s, contains a more detailed listing of the organic ingredients
11 contained in the salad as well as other details, like “chicken raised without
12 antibiotics” and “non-GMO.” Further to the bottom of the sleeve, like Five Star’s
13 sleeve, there is a “Follow Us” section with the same four social media icons that
14 Five Star depicts, and a statement about recyclability and the product container
15 being made from a certain number of recycled plastic bottles. Below is a photo
16 comparison of two of Five Star’s and Defendants’ respective products:
17
18
19 Simply se"zampt
Presh
20 Simply
21
Quinea, Cranberry
festi
22 jr;ij'sep Eta. SaisAl
23
rrmo %WIOMEN
4
Mole
24
25 Quirtoa.. Cranberry
AU,
and Pepita Salad
26
27
28
10
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
Case 5:20-cv-00667
Case 5:18-cv-02436-DDP-KK Document
Document 54-21-3Filed
Filed 01/29/20Page
01/17/20 Page
11 12 of 42Page ID #:383
of 41
1
2
3
4
5
6 ,pria0111411311.
)
7 - DELUXE --
SANTA FE SlYLE SALAD
8 SAKI° 411ill"ft LAD
9
10
11 24. Likewise, on information and belief, beginning in November 2019,
12 Defendants deviated from using the rounded bowl they (and others in the industry)
13 have traditionally used and, added a virtually identical squared tray and bowl set, the
14 entire impression of which is designed to hijack the goodwill that Five Star has
15 earned with consumers. A comparison of Five Star’s and Ready Pac’s products is
16 shown below:
17
Simply
18 Fresh
19 SALADS
CHICKEN K.
20 Santa Fe Style
Salad with Chicken
GUACAMOLE SALAD
CHIPOTLE KONtY
ainaigaetie,
21
22
E°M
23 A o-Sun-Dried Tomato
Chipotle Dressing
rHFV.ffEFEE:74:,,
24 Olden Raised
Without Antibiotics
KEEP REFRIGERATED NET WT 6.902 (196g)
25
26 25. On information and belief, Defendants produce and distribute premade
27 snacks, salads, and meals sold at retailers internationally, some of which are United
28 States retailers that also sell Five Star’s products.
11
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
Case 5:20-cv-00667
Case 5:18-cv-02436-DDP-KK Document
Document 54-21-3Filed
Filed 01/29/20Page
01/17/20 Page
12 13 of 42Page ID #:384
of 41
1 26. The stark similarity between Five Star’s and Defendants’ salads is
2 compounded by Defendants’ use of Five Star’s patented overwrap design as
3 depicted in the ‘732 Patent, and the use of the bowls and trays as depicted in the
4 ‘665 Patent and ‘666 Patents, as well as the fact that Five Star’s and Defendants’
5 products are often displayed for purchase in the same manner, in the same
6 refrigerated display case, side-by-side.
7 27. Defendants’ new design is substantially different from their old design,
8 shown here:
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17 Defendants’ move from its old packaging – which was perfectly functional – to its
18 new packaging is a transparent attempt to copy Five Star’s design and capitalize on
19 Five Star’s goodwill.
20 28. Defendants’ infringing premade salads, including but not limited to its
21 Bistro Organic salad line, which Defendants produce, make, use, offer for sale, sell,
22 and/or import throughout the United States, are not made or produced by Five Star,
23 nor has Five Star licensed, authorized, sponsored, endorsed, or approved of
24 Defendants’ actions in any way. Five Star has never provided any authorization,
25 license, assignment, or other permission to Defendants to use the ‘732, ‘665, of ‘666
26 Patents or Five Star’s Simply Fresh trade dress. Defendants are not associated with
27 Five Star in any way and are, in fact, Five Star’s direct competitors in the retail salad
28 industry.
12
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
Case 5:20-cv-00667
Case 5:18-cv-02436-DDP-KK Document
Document 54-21-3Filed
Filed 01/29/20Page
01/17/20 Page
13 14 of 42Page ID #:385
of 41
1 38. Simply put, while Five Star’s trade dress incorporates functional
2 elements – the use of a bowl, for example – the aesthetic whole is non-functional,
3 creates a distinctive visual impression, and is thus protectable. The overall
4 appearance of Five Star’s trade dress is also inherently distinctive and/or has a
5 secondary meaning. On information and belief, significant segments of consumers
6 who are likely to purchase Five Star’s products identify this trade dress with Five
7 Star.
8 39. As described herein, consumers are likely to confuse Five Star’s
9 Simply Fresh products with the accused Ready Pac products. For example, since at
10 least October 2018, and continuing to the present, Defendants have sold premade
11 salads under the name “Bistro Organic” with an overall appearance and trade dress
12 design that is, in all material respects, confusingly similar to Five Star’s “Simply
13 Fresh” trade dress and, particularly, Five Star’s Simply Fresh organic varieties,
14 including but not limited to, the placement of distinctive elements and color scheme.
15 Using an extremely similar narrow, vertical cardboard sleeve and overall trade dress
16 design, Defendants’ company and brand identifying information is at the top of the
17 sleeve, with the term “Organic” displayed immediately below—all of which employ
18 a font scheme nearly identical to Five Star’s sleeve. Further, like Five Star’s sleeve,
19 the specific product name is displayed toward the center together with photographic
20 depictions of the salad ingredients. The bottom of the sleeve, like Five Star’s,
21 contains a more detailed listing of the organic ingredients contained in the salad as
22 well as other details, like “chicken raised without antibiotics” and “non-GMO.”
23 Further to the bottom of the sleeve, like Five Star’s sleeve, there is a “Follow Us”
24 section with the same four social media icons that Five Star depicts, and a statement
25 about recyclability and the product container being made from a certain number of
26 recycled plastic bottles.
27 40. Since November 2019, Ready Pac has been selling products that
28 infringe upon Five Star’s trade dress in its tray and bowl designs. As discussed and
15
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
Page ID #:388
16 of1741of 42
Case 5:20-cv-00667 Document 1-3 Filed 01/29/20 Page
Case 5:18-cv-02436-DDP-KK Document 54-2 Filed 01/17/20 Page
1 shown in the photographs above, in many of its product offerings, Five Star uses
that the top of
2 squared plastic bowls with rounded corners. The bowls taper such
bowls sit clear
3 each bowl has a larger perimeter than does the bottom. On top of the
openings (or
4 plastic tray inserts that have compartments for ingredients and four
dually rather than
5 finger inserts), one near each corner. When the bowl is sold indivi
sed above and
6 in packs of two, Five Star does not use the cardboard overwrap discus
rap that contains
7 protected by the ‘732 Patent but, instead, uses a clear plastic overw
8 the product name, ingredients, and all other marketing and legally required
shown in the
9 information. Ready Pac is now using a virtually identical design, as
10 comparison photograph below:
11
Simply
12 Fresh_ r
SALADS'
13
CHICKEN IL
Santa Fe Style GUACAMOLE SALAD
14 Salad with Chicken
WITIt
CHROME HONEY
Vanairta
15
16
17 nat &MAW
I ,..EagF,EfFEELF-L
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20 41. Five Star has invested considerable resources in developing its trade
21 dress design and in promoting its products by use of this design.
22 42. The purpose of Five Star’s trade dress design is to identify Five Star as
23 the source of its products and to establish a symbol of quality and goodwill that
24 consumers can trust.
25 43. On information and belief, Defendants intentionally and willfully
26 copied Five Star’s trade dress design in order to cause confusion, unfairly
by
27 appropriate Five Star’s established goodwill, and divert Five Star’s customers
, as a result of
28 means of deception as to the source of Defendants’ products. Indeed
16
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
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1 Defendants’ use of a trade dress design that is similar to Five Star’s, actual
2 consumer confusion has, in fact, occurred. Accordingly, it is a virtual certainty that
3 consumers are likely to be confused as to the source of the products they purchase,
4 in violation of 15 U.S.C. § 1125(a).
5 44. Defendants’ use of a confusingly similar trade dress design has caused,
6 and will continue to cause, Five Star injury in the form of diverted sales and
7 diminution of the selling power of its established trade dress.
8 45. On information and belief, Defendants have derived and received, and
9 will continue to derive and receive, gains, profits, and advantages from Defendants’
10 trade dress infringement in an amount not presently known to Five Star. By reason
11 of Defendants’ actions constituting trade dress infringement, Five Star has been
12 damaged and is entitled to monetary relief in an amount to be determined at trial.
13 46. Unless enjoined, Defendants’ continuing infringement of Five Star’s
14 trade dress is likely to cause Five Star irreparable harm by diverting sales and
15 damaging Five Star’s business reputation and the reputation of Five Star’s Simply
16 Fresh Organic salad line. As a result, Five Star is entitled to injunctive relief
17 pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1116.
18 47. Defendants’ continued infringement with full knowledge Five Star’s
19 trade dress rights, at least as of the filing of this lawsuit, is willful because
20 Defendants have been on notice of the infringing design since at least October 2018
21 and have continued to infringe notwithstanding this knowledge.
22 48. Pursuant to 15 U.S.C. § 1117, Five Star is entitled to damages for
23 Defendants’ infringing acts, up to three times actual damages as fixed by this Court,
24 and its reasonable attorneys’ fees for the necessity of bringing this claim.
25 ///
26 ///
27 ///
28 ///
17
SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT
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EXHIBIT A
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11111111111111111111111111111
1!!!!918y1511111111111111111111
(12) United States Design Patent (10) Patent No.: US D698,665 S
Sifuentes et al. (45) Date of Patent: ** Feb. 4, 2014
* cited by examiner
(22) Filed: Dec. 5, 2012
(51) LOC (10) Cl. 09-03 Primary Examiner - Mark Goodwin
(52) U.S. Cl. (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm - Frost Brown Todd LLC
USPC D9/761; D9/425; D9/431
(58) Field of Classification Search (57) CLAIM
USPC D9/414, 419, 424, 425, 430, 431, 432, The ornamental design for a tray, as shown and described.
D9/435, 761; D7/538, 549, 550.1,
D7/601-603, 605, 629; 229/105, 117.09, DESCRIPTION
229/117.26, 189, 406, 407, 902, 905,
229/915.1; 220/23.4, 23.6, 266, 281, 315, FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a tray, showing our new
220/318, 500, 659, 669, 674, 675, 696, 752, design;
220/760, 790, 793, DIG. 12, FOR. 117; FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view thereof;
206/508, 557, 499 FIG. 3 is a front elevation view thereof;
See application file for complete search history. FIG. 4 is a rear elevation view thereof;
FIG. 5 is a left elevation view thereof;
(56) References Cited FIG. 6 is a right elevation view thereof;
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS FIG. 7 is a top plan view thereof; and,
FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view thereof.
3,070,275 A * 12/1962 Bostrom 229/4.5
D292,887 S * 11/1987 Schouten D9/424 1 Claim, 8 Drawing Sheets
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NO
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E
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EXHIBIT B
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11111111111111111111111111111
1!!!!918y1611111111111111111111
(12) United States Design Patent (10) Patent No.: US D698,666 S
Sifuentes et al. (45) Date of Patent: ** Feb. 4, 2014
(54) BOWL AND TRAY UNIT ASSEMBLY 4,807,776 A * 2/1989 Cortopassi 220/23.83
D444,058 S * 6/2001 Hampshire et al. D9/761
D513,979 S * 1/2006 Snedden et al. D9/425
(71) Applicants:Direct Pack, Inc., Sun Valley, CA (US); D514,931 S * 2/2006 Snedden et al. D9/425
Five Star Gourmet Foods, Inc., D517,405 S * 3/2006 Snedden et al. D9/425
Ontario, CA (US) D551,091 S * 9/2007 Shahsavarani D9/761
D597,379 S * 8/2009 Changpan D7/542
(72) Inventors: Gandhi B. Sifuentes, West Covina, CA D607,284 S * 1/2010 Ho D7/629
D628,478 S * 12/2010 Snedden et al. D9/431
(US); Craig R. Snedden, Culver City, D628,479 S * 12/2010 Snedden et al. D9/431
CA (US); Tal Shoshan, Alta Loma, CA D632,170 S * 2/2011 Lawrence et al. D9/425
(US) D640,129 S * 6/2011 Sifuentes et al. D9/425
D640,544 S * 6/2011 Sifuentes et al. D9/425
(73) Assignees: Direct Pack, Inc., Sun Valley, CA (US); D642,484 S * 8/2011 Birchmeier et al. D9/760
D642,937 S * 8/2011 Birchmeier et al. D9/760
Five Star Gourmet Foods, Inc., D646,969 S * 10/2011 Snedden et al. D9/431
Ontario, CA (US) D646,984 S * 10/2011 Moore et al. D9/737
D660,147 S * 5/2012 Snedden et al. D9/435
(**) Term: 14 Years D665,663 S * 8/2012 Krupa D9/428
D688,126 S * 8/2013 Snedden et al. D9/435
(21) Appl. No.: 29/438,980 D688,941 S * 9/2013 Sifuentes et al. D9/432
* cited by examiner
(22) Filed: Dec. 5, 2012
(51) LOC (10) Cl. 09-03 Primary Examiner - Mark Goodwin
(52) U.S. Cl. (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm - Frost Brown Todd LLC
USPC D9/761; D9/425; D9/431
(57) CLAIM
(58) Field of Classification Search
The ornamental design for a bowl and tray unit assembly, as
USPC D9/414, 419, 424, 425, 430, 431, 432,
shown and described.
D9/435, 761; D7/538, 549, 550.1,
D7/601-603, 605, 629; 229/105, 117.09, DESCRIPTION
229/117.26, 189, 406, 407, 902, 905,
229/915.1; 220/23.4, 23.6, 266, 281, 315, FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a bowl and tray unit
220/318, 500, 659, 669, 674, 675, 696, 752, assembly, showing our new design;
220/760, 790, 793, DIG. 12, FOR. 117; FIG. 2 is a bottom perspective view thereof;
206/508, 557, 499 FIG. 3 is a front elevation view thereof;
See application file for complete search history. FIG. 4 is a rear elevation view thereof;
FIG. 5 is a left elevation view thereof;
(56) References Cited
FIG. 6 is a right elevation view thereof;
U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS FIG. 7 is a top plan view thereof; and,
FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view thereof.
3,070,275 A * 12/1962 Bostrom 229/4.5
D292,887 S * 11/1987 Schouten D9/424 1 Claim, 8 Drawing Sheets
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EXHIBIT C
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11111111111111111111111111111111R0111111111
(12) United States Design Patent (10) Patent No.: US D769,732 S
Shoshan (45) Date of Patent: ** Oct. 25, 2016
(54) CONTAINER AND OVERWRAP ASSEMBLY 5,484,059 A * 1/1996 Sutherland B65D 71/18
206/140
D484,798 S * 1/2004 Bukowski D9/433
(71) Applicant: FiveStar Gourmet Foods, Inc., D595,150 S * 6/2009 Cain D9/711
Ontario, CA (US) D639,186 S * 6/2011 Shapiro D9/711
D639,679 S * 6/2011 Kissner D9/739
(72) Inventor: Tal Shoshan, Alta Loma, CA (US) D654,810 S * 2/2012 Mansouri D9/711
D665,271 S * 8/2012 Halty D9/711
(73) Assignee: FIVESTAR GOURMET FOODS, D693,242 S * 11/2013 Birchmeier D9/711
D710,213 S * 8/2014 Birchmeier D9/711
INC., Ontario, CA (US) D714,639 S * 10/2014 Royer D9/433
D718,641 S * 12/2014 Ryan D9/433
(**) Term: 14 Years D722,871 S * 2/2015 Royer D9/433
D760,036 S * 6/2016 Hucuptan D7/629
(21) Appl. No.: 29/512,912 * cited by examiner
Fig.1
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