Techniques in Conserving Biodiverdity

1. Cell and tissue culture allow the propagation/multiplication of organism at a rapid pace.

2. Cryopreservation technology

3. Advances in molecular biology and genetics.

The Role of Evolution in Biodiversity

Evolution

- is how the genetic composition of species changes over time.

- it can be microevolution or macroevolution

- may happen through artificial selection or by natural selection.

- may also be slow or rapid

Extinction-is the dying out or termination of a species.

Importance of Biodiversity

Biodiversity affects human on various aspects: Economy, health and culture aesthetic and environmental
issues.

Importance of Biodiversity:

*it is our source of foods,clothing,shelter and medicines

*source of raw materials for industrial activities

2 Fundemental sciences

1) Taxonomy-is the practice of identifying different organisms, classifying them into categories, and
naming them.

2)Ecology-is the study of how organisms interact with one another and with their physical environments.

Limitations in studying Biodiversity:

1)Biodiversity conservation strategies focused on research and policy on global scale without too much
effect on local diversity.

2)Lack of site-specific data on species composition of communities.

3)Biodiversity studies lacking in taxonomic precision.

4)Few taxonomists

5) Insufficient biodiversity inventory and assessment.

Status of Philippine Biodiversity

palagay nalang par nung table

Species Diversity

-second component of biodiversity

-also known as diversity of number of species

-it involves a combination of species number and relative abundance

Species Number

-species richness

Species Diversity

-second component of biodiversity

-also known as diversity of number of species

-it involves a combination of species number and relative abundance

Species Number

-species richness

-measure of whether a particular ecosystem is dominated by a single species

Relative Abundance

-species evenness

-can be high or low

High(all species are represented by the same number of individuals)

Low(some species are represented by many individuals while others are not)

Species- a group of interbreeding organisms with similar structures.

-there are about 1.5 million species are known

Community or Ecological Diversity - refers to a variety of ecosystems in a given region

Ecosystem is a biological community including all of the abiotic factors that affect them.

Aquatic ecosystems-may be freshwater, marine, estuary and coastal

Terrestrial ecosystems-may be grasslands, forest, desert and the like.

Nonliving or abiotic factors

-air

-water

-temperature

-humidity

-pH
-light

An ecosystem also interacts with another ecosystem in a specific overlapping region known as ecotone.

Biodiversity or Biological diversity

[ ] Is a vast concept that means a lot of things .

1. That living organisms are numerous, from the minute to the largest creatures and are composed of
several species or groups; these organisms interact with one another and with nonliving things.

2.Living organisms are abundant in habitats supplying all the foods and requirements that they need.

3. Organisms have different growth and metabolic characteristics unique to a particular group and
variable reproductive patterns; some have more species while others have less.

4. That biodiversity is essential to human survival.

Biodiversity also enables the discovery and use of plants as medicines, microorganisms as a sources of
antibiotics, and marine animals for various compounds of industrial use.

Three components of biodiversity

1. Diversity of genes or genetic diversity

2. Diversity of numbers of species or species diversity

3. Variety of ecosystems or community or ecological diversity

(Braun & Amman,2002)

GENETIC DIVERSITY

[ ] refers to variation or differences in the genes of a species of individuals.

GENES are segments of DNA which dictate the traits or characteristics of an organism.

Conserving Biodiversity

There are strategies to conserve biodiversity

- Realistic solutions and will need to involve a multidisciplinary strategies

including:

Political

Socioeconomic

Scientific input

In which all major stakeholders (government, non-government, national and

international). Proper investigation on environmental problems can be used for
policy and making leading to giving information to local communities and to
sustainable biodiversity.

How can biodiversity loss be prevented?

Diversity can be prevented through

Appropriate researches

Government legislation

Education and awareness

Sustainable use of biodiversity