Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Health Behavior
PHC 6410
Health behavior and Public Health
Importance to Public Health
• Stress can contribute to illness
– Directly - physiological effects
– Indirectly – bad health behaviors
• Stressors
– Demands made by the internal or external
environment that upset balance, thus
affecting physical and psychological well-
being and requiring action to restore balance
History Concepts cont.
• 30’s – 50’s: Research focused on
physiological reactions to stressful stimuli
– General Adaptation Syndrome – 3 stages
(alarm reaction→ resistance →exhaustion)
with each evoking both physiological and
behavioral responses
History Concepts cont.
• 60’s – 70’s: Research focused on
identifying and quantifying potential
stressors called stressful life events
– Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS)
• High scores had more illness episodes
History Concepts cont.
• Also 60’s and 70’s: Models with central
concept of ‘events are perceived in
different ways by various individuals and
these perceptions – rather than the
objective stressors – are main
determinants of effects on behavior and
health
History cont.
Primary
Poor Appraisal
Materials
•Perceived susceptibility Coping Effort Adaptation
•Emotional well-being
•Perceived severity •Problem Management
•Functional status
•Motivational relevance
Bad Design •Emotional Regulation
•Health behaviors
•Causal focus
Stressor
Meaning-Based Coping
•Positive reappraisal
•Revised goals
Secondary Appraisal •Spiritual beliefs
•Perceived control •Positive events
over outcomes
•Perceived control
over emotions
•Self-efficacy
Moderators
• Engaging strategies
– Person more likely to use when stressor
appraised as controllable and a person has
high self-efficacy about problem
– Ex. Active coping, planning problem solving,
information seeking, and using social support
Coping Efforts cont.