INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Daily Assignment
IIT-JAM
Home Work DPP

Chemical Bonding

Hybridisation of odd electronic species

The odd electron will participate in hybridisation iff.
(a) When side atoms are more electronegative than central.
(b) Central atom should not have lone pair.
Illustration:
present in pure p

CH3
hybridisation sp2  planar

CF3

Due to high electronegativity of fluorine it brings contraction of orbitals which makes

CHEM ACADEMY
hybridisation feasible.  sp3 hybridisation
Note: Those species having odd electrons in hybrid orbital will dimerise faster.
Similarly

O Takes part in hybridisation

(a) ClO2 (b) ClO3 Cl theref ore hybridisation of ClO 3 is sp3
O O

As lone pair is present. Theref ore it takes all the

Cl 'S' character. Theref ore unpaired electron present
in pure p-orbital. Theref ore hybridisation is sp2
O O
Solid State Hybridisation
Hybridisation in compound exist in more than 1 phase
Compound Gaseous (covalent) Ionic (Solid)

Cl
Cl
P Cl  PCl4   PCl6 
Cl   32
PCl5 Cl sp3 sp d

sp3d TBP

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 Br
Br
PBr5 P Br [PBr4]+ [Br–]
Br
Br
 [PBr6]– not exist
PI5 do not exist [PI4]+[I–]

O O
O O [NO 2–][NO +]
N O N
N2O4 N N or No hyb. in diatomic
O VBI f alls explained by MOT
O O

O O
When symmetric molecule is given N N
O O

O O
N O N
Step (I): Draw its asymmetric structure
O
Step (II) Break to form cationic and anionic part [NO2–] [NO+]

CHEM ACADEMY O
N O N
O
[NO3–][NO2+]
N2O5 O O
2 3 2 sp2 sp
sp sp sp

F
F F
XeF6 Xe [XeF5]+[F–]
F F
F
distorted octahedral

O O O
O [ClO2]+[ClO4–]
Cl2O6 O Cl Cl O or Cl O Cl O

O O O O sp2 sp3

Cl Cl Cl [ICl2]+[ICl4–]
I I
Cl I Cl
I2Cl6 V-shaped sp3d2
completely planar sp3 Sp. planar

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Illustration Calculate number of compounds having their cation is planner
N2O5(s), N2O4(s), I2(s), PCl5(s), PBr5(s), Cl2O6(s), XeF6(s)

O O
N O N  NO2  NO3
Solution planar
O O

O O O
N2O4 N N First draw its asymmetric structure
 N O N

O O O O

NO+ + NO 3–
Planar

I2  I3  I3

I +
I3+ (I—I—I)+
Linear  planar I
Cl I
Cl
Cl
P
CHEM ACADEMY
Cl
Cl [PCl ] [PCl ]
6 4

cationic port is tetrahedral

Cl
P
Cl Cl
Cl

PBr5 [PBr4 ] [Br  ]

tetrahedral

O O O O
Cl2O6 O Cl Cl O O Cl O Cl O  

  [ClO 2 ] [ClO 4 ]

O O O O
+

Cl
XeF6 [XeF51 ][F ] O O
sp2 = planar

F F
Xe Not planar
F F
F

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New Delhi - 110016 • Ph.: 011-41415514, 09136597244, 09873953006, Web.: www.chemacademy.in