SOCIO-CULTURAL DIMENTIONS OF LEARNING

REFERS TO CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INDIVIDUAL

SOCIETY OR OF SOME SUBGROUPS WITHIN SOCIETY

Learners can use langyage to know and understand the world and solve problems

LEARNING

Effective Learning happens through participation in social activities.

Everyone in the learner's environment contributes.

They explain, model, assist, give directions & provide feedback.

Peers on the other hand, cooperate and collaborate and enrich learning experience

SOCRATIC METHOD

SYSTEMATIC Q & A APPROACH

SOCIO-CULTURAL DIMENSIONS OF LEARNING

SCAFFOLDING

teachers still play still exert a substantial leadership function in these discussions, promoting rules and
norms which have a concern for justice and the community, and ultimately enforcing the rules.

most common tool for doing this is to present a "moral dilemma" and have students in groups determine
and justify what course the actor in the dilemma should take.

ZONE OF PROXIMAL

DEVELOPMENT (ZPD)

SHARED PRODUCTS OF A HUMAN GROUP OF SOCIETY

His theory had a significant impact on research demonstrating that "cognition" is situated

SOCIO-CULTURAL CONTEXT OF KNOWLEDGE

Language serves as a social function, also has an important individual function

For example, start with a visualization task you want to accomplish (such as, create a logo for a company.)
Look up and learn only a few particular tools you realize you may need to use to accomplish the design.

Context is not just bringing life events to the classroom but reexperiencing events from multiple
perspectives.

along with his colleagues, they came up with the "just community" schools approach" towards promoting
moral development by giving them a chance to participate in a democratic community.

Moral Development

Help learners regulate and reflect on his own thinking

promoted "community meeting" in which issues related to life and discipline in the schools are discussed
and democratically decided with an equal value placed on the voices of students and teachers.

is influenced by

Vgygotsky believed

in the essential roles of activities in

Learning

LEV VYGOTSKY

THEORIES OF SITUATED

LEARNING

APPROACH 1: classroom

(decontextualized, inert)

Process of providing the learner with a good deal of support during the time he is learning something.

Support is REDUCED as the learner becomes able to do task independently, resulting in his taking on
increasing responsibility for his own learning

A situated learning experience has four major premises guiding the development of '

classroom activities (Anderson, Reder, and Simon 1996; Wilson 1993):

(1) learning is grounded in the actions of everyday situations;

(2) knowledge is acquired situationally and transfers only to similar situations;

(3) learning is the result of a social process encompassing ways of thinking, perceiving, problem solving,
and interacting in addition to declarative and procedural knowledge; and

(4) learning is not separated from the world of action but exists in robust, complex, social environments
made up of actors, actions, and situations.

Kohlberg and Moral Education

Can take the form of cooperative learning among peers,

guidance from adults, well structured learning

environments, or strategies for helping learners

organize new material and relate it to

prior knowledge

Situated learning emphasizes higher-order thinking processes rather than the

acquisition of facts independent of the real lives of the participants (Choi and
Hannafin 1995)

We need especially to understand and respond to the cultural contexts surrounding childrens' knowledge
and which significantly affect their expectations of their role as learners.

Context provides the setting for examining experience; community provides the shaping of the learning.

Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development

APPROACH 2: authentic

(situated in real world problem to solve)

ELEMENTS OF

SITUATED LEARNING

CONTEXT

*PRIVATE SPEECH: A form of self talk that

guides the child's thinking and action

the goal of moral education is to encourage individuals to develop to the next stage of moral reasoning.

IT INCLUDES VALUES, BELIEFS, NOTIONS ABOUT

ACCEPTABLE AND UNACCEPTABLE BEHAVIOR AND

OTHER SOCIALLY CONSTRUCTED IDEAS THAT MEMBERS

OF THE CULTURE ARE TAUGHT TRUE

THEORIES OF SITUATED LEARNING

QUALITY PERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS THAT PROVIDE

STABILITY, TRUST, AND CARING CAN INCREASE THE

LEARNER'S SENSE OF BELONGING, SELF-RESPECT

AND SELF-ACCEPTANCE, AND PROVIDE A POSITIVE

CLIMATE FOR LEARNING

SOCIOCULTURAL THEORY

OF DEVELOPMENT

To situate learning means to place thought

and action in a specific place and time.

To situate means to involve other learners, the

environment, and the activities to create

meaning.

To situate means to locate in a particular

setting the thinking and doing processes

used by experts to accomplish knowledge

and skill tasks (Lave and Wenger 1991).

LANGUAGE

Content situated in learner's daily experiences becomes the means to engage in

reflective thinking (Shor 1996)

Open doors for learners to acquire knowledge that others already have.

Wrote on: Language, Thought, Psychology of Art, Learning & Devt., and educating students with special
needs.

Through community, learners interpret, reflect, and form

meaning. Community provides the setting for the social

interaction needed to engage in dialogue with others to see

various and diverse perspectives on any issue (Brown 1994; Lave

and Wenger 1991).

COMMUNITY OF PRACTICE

Russia 1896

LAWRENCE KOHLBERG

PARTICIPATION

SOCIAL INTERACTIONS

INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS

COMMUNICATION WITH OTHERS

Learning and knowledge are to a large extent culturally and socially influenced.

SOCIAL INTERACTION

General Idea of situate learning: If you

put a learner in a real world situation

(authentic context) and interact

with other people then learning occurs.

SCAFFOLDING

CONTENT

Participation describes the interchange of ideas, attempts at problem solving, and active engagement of
learners with each other and with the materials of instruction. It is the process of interaction with others
that produces and establishes meaning systems among learners.

Kohlberg and Moral Education

Situated learning theory emphasizes social

interactions and authentic learning. Students who work on an authentic learning task learn associated
facts and skills because they need to

know these things to accomplish the task.

Learners should engage in context, culture and

activity that learning takes place in order to

acquire, understand, develop, and implement

cognitive instruments in authentic

learning activity.

Vygotsky emphasizes the important role of CULTURE in influencing how individuals learn and think

SOCIAL AND CULTURAL INFLUENCES ON LEARNING

Two central factors in Cognitive Development

CULTURE

BY: Abraham Douglas Dacles and Mari Jo Pabilonia

a primary advantage to the "just community approach" is its effectiveness in affecting student actions, not
just by reasoning. students are, in effect, expected to "practice what they preach," by following the rule
determined in the community meetings.

For example, go through the Photoshop reference manual, tool by tool, in alphabetical order, learning how
each tool (line, paint, bucket, select, etc.) works including all possible optional settings.