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changes have been made to the previous version. Because

it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.

Designation: B 173 – 01a

Standard Specification for

Rope-Lay-Stranded Copper Conductors Having Concentric-
Stranded Members, for Electrical Conductors1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 173; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers bare rope-lay-stranded conductors having concentric-stranded members made from round copper
wires, either uncoated or coated with tin, lead, or lead-alloy for use as electrical conductors (Explanatory Note 1 and Note 2).
1.2 Coated wires shall include only those wires with finished diameters and densities substantially equal to the respective
diameters and densities of uncoated wires.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. For
conductor sizes designated by AWG or kcmil, the requirements in SI units have been numerically converted from corresponding
values, stated or derived, in inch-pound units. For conductor sizes designated by SI units only, the requirements are stated or
derived in SI units.
1.3.1 For density, resistivity, and temperature, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect at the time of reference form a part of this specification to the extent
referenced herein:
2.2 ASTM Standards:

1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 on Electrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.04 on Conductors
of Copper and Copper Alloys.
Current edition approved Mar. Oct. 10, 2001. Published May November 2001. Originally issued 1942 to replace portions of B 158 – 41 T. Last previous edition
B 173 – 9501.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

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 B 173 – 01a
B 3 Specification for Soft or Annealed Copper Wire2
B 8 Specification for Concentric-Lay-Stranded Copper Conductors, Hard, Medium-Hard, or Soft2
B 33 Specification for Tinned Soft or Annealed Copper Wire for Electrical Purposes2
B 172 Specification for Rope-Lay-Stranded Copper Conductors Having Bunch-Stranded Members, for Electrical Conductors2
B 189 Specification for Lead-Coated and Lead-Alloy-Coated Soft Copper Wire for Electrical Purposes2
B 263 Test Method for Determination of Cross-Sectional Area of Stranded Conductors2
B 354 Terminology Relating to Uninsulated Metallic Electrical Conductors2
2.3 American National Standard:
ANSI C42.35 Definitions of Electrical Terms3

3. Classification
3.1 For the purpose of this specification rope-lay-stranded conductors having concentric-stranded members are classified as
follows:
3.1.1 Class G—Conductors consisting of 7 to 61 rope-lay-stranded members, each of which consists of 7 to 19 concentric-
stranded wires, with total conductor sizes ranging from No. 14 AWG (2.08 mm2) to 5 000 000 cmil (2534 mm 2). (Typical use is
for rubber-sheathed conductor, apparatus conductor, portable conductor, and similar applications.)
3.1.2 Class H—Conductors consisting of 19 to 91 rope-lay-stranded members, each of which consists of 7 to 19
concentric-stranded wires, with total conductor sizes ranging from No. 9 AWG (6.63 mm2) to 5 000 000 cmil (2534 mm 2). Class
K construction produces a conductor with greater flexibility than class G. (Typical use is for rubber-sheathed cord and applications
where flexibility is required such as on take-up reels over sheaves and extra-flexible apparatus conductor.)

4. Ordering Information
4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information:
4.1.1 Quantity of each size and class,;
4.1.2 Conductor size: circular-mil area or AWG (Section 7), 7);
4.1.3 Class (Section 3 and Table 1), );
4.1.4 Whether coated or uncoated; if coated, designate type of coating (see 11.1),;
4.1.5 Details of special-purpose lays, if required (see 6.2 and 6.3) and (Explanatory Note 3), 3);
4.1.6 Package size (see 14.1),;
4.1.7 Special package marking, if required (Section 15),;
4.1.8 Lagging, if required (see 14.2),; and
4.1.9 Place of inspection (Section 13).
5. Joints
5.1 Necessary joints in wires or in groups of wires shall be made in accordance with accepted commerical practice, taking into
account the size of the wire or group of wires as related to the size of the entire conductor.
5.2 Concentric-stranded members forming the completed conductor may be joined as a unit by soldering, brazing, or welding.
5.3 Joints shall be so constructed and so disposed throughout the conductor that the diameter or configuration of the completed
conductor is not substantially affected, and so that the flexibility of the completed conductor is not adversely affected.

6. Lay (Explanatory Note 3)

6.1 Conductors of the same size and description furnished on one order shall have the same lay.
6.2 The length of lay of the outer layer of the rope-lay stranded conductor shall be not less than 8 nor more than 16 times the
outside diameter of the completed conductor. The length of lay of the other layers shall be at the option of the manufacturer unless
specifically agreed upon. The direction of lay of the outer layer shall be left-hand, unless the direction of lay is specified otherwise
by the purchaser. The direction of lay of the other layers shall be reversed in successive layers, unless otherwise agreed upon
between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
6.3 The length of lay of the individual wires composing the stranded members shall be not less than 8 nor more than 16 times
the outside diameter of that layer. Unless otherwise specified, the direction of lay of the outer layer of wires shall be at the option
of the manufacturer. The direction of lay shall be reversed in successive layers, unless otherwise agreed upon between the
manufacturer and the purchaser.

7. Construction
7.1 The area of cross section and the number and diameter of wires for a variety of strand constructions in general use are shown
in Table 1.

2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.03.
3
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 West 42nd St., 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036.

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 B 173 – 01a
TABLE 1 Construction Requirements of Rope-Lay Stranded Copper Conductors Having Concentric-Stranded MembersA
Class G Class H
Area of Cross Completed ConductorB Completed ConductorB
Diameter of Number Diameter of Number
Section Size Number
Wires of Nominal Nominal Wires of Nominal Nominal
AWG Number
of Wires Diameter Mass Wires Diameter Mass
of Wires
Wires in Each in Each
lb/ lb/
cmil mm in. mm Member in. mm kg/km in. mm Member in. mm kg/km
1000 ft. 1000 ft.
5 000 000 2534 ... 1159 0.0657 1.67 19 2.957 75.1 16 052 23 888 1729 0.0538 1.37 19 2.959 75.2 16 057 23 896
4 500 000 2280 ... 1159 0.0623 1.58 19 2.804 71.2 14 433 21 479 1729 0.0510 1.30 19 2.805 71.2 14 429 21 473
4 000 000 2027 ... 1159 0.0587 1.49 19 2.642 67.1 12 814 19 069 1729 0.0481 1.22 19 2.646 67.2 12 835 19 101
3 500 000 1773 ... 1159 0.0550 1.40 19 2.475 62.9 11 249 16 741 1729 0.0450 1.14 19 2.475 62.9 11 234 16 718
3 000 000 1520 ... 1159 0.0509 1.29 19 2.291 58.2 9635 14 338 1729 0.0417 1.06 19 2.294 58.3 9647 14 356
2 500 000 1267 ... 703 0.0596 1.51 19 2.086 53.0 8012 11 924 1159 0.0464 1.18 19 2.088 53.0 8006 11 915
2 000 000 1013 ... 703 0.0533 1.35 19 1.866 47.4 6408 9536 1159 0.0415 1.05 19 1.868 47.4 6405 9531
1 900 000 963 ... 703 0.0520 1.32 19 1.820 46.2 6099 9077 1159 0.0405 1.03 19 1.823 46.3 6100 9077
1 800 000 912 ... 703 0.0506 1.29 19 1.771 45.0 5775 8594 1159 0.0394 1.00 19 1.773 45.0 5773 8591
1 750 000 887 ... 703 0.0499 1.27 19 1.747 44.4 5617 8358 1159 0.0389 0.99 19 1.751 44.5 5627 8374
1 700 000 861 ... 703 0.0492 1.25 19 1.722 43.7 5460 8125 1159 0.0383 0.97 19 1.724 43.8 5455 8118
1 600 000 811 ... 703 0.0477 1.21 19 1.670 42.4 5132 7638 1159 0.0372 0.94 19 1.674 42.5 5146 7658
1 500 000 760 ... 427 0.0593 1.51 7 1.601 40.7 4772 7102 703 0.0462 1.17 19 1.617 41.1 4815 7165
1 400 000 709 ... 427 0.0573 1.46 7 1.547 39.3 4456 6631 703 0.0446 1.13 19 1.561 39.6 4487 6677
1 300 000 659 ... 427 0.0552 1.40 7 1.490 37.8 4135 6154 703 0.0430 1.09 19 1.505 38.2 4171 6207
1 250 000 633 ... 427 0.0541 1.37 7 1.461 37.1 3972 5911 703 0.0422 1.07 19 1.477 37.5 4017 5978
1 200 000 608 ... 427 0.0530 1.35 7 1.431 36.3 3812 5673 703 0.0413 1.05 19 1.446 36.7 3847 5726
1 100 000 557 ... 427 0.0508 1.29 7 1.372 34.8 3502 5212 703 0.0396 1.01 19 1.386 35.2 3537 5264
1 000 000 507 ... 427 0.0484 1.23 7 1.307 33.2 3179 4731 703 0.0377 0.96 19 1.320 33.5 3206 4771
900 000 456 ... 427 0.0459 1.17 7 1.239 31.5 2859 4255 703 0.0358 0.91 19 1.253 31.8 2891 4302
800 000 405 ... 427 0.0433 1.10 7 1.169 29.7 2544 3787 703 0.0337 0.86 19 1.180 30.0 2562 3812
750 000 380 ... 427 0.0419 1.06 7 1.131 28.7 2383 3546 703 0.0327 0.83 19 1.145 29.1 2412 3589
700 000 355 ... 427 0.0405 1.03 7 1.094 27.8 2226 3313 703 0.0316 0.80 19 1.106 28.1 2252 3352
650 000 329 ... 427 0.0390 0.99 7 1.053 26.7 2064 3072 703 0.0304 0.77 19 1.064 27.0 2085 3102
600 000 304 ... 427 0.0375 0.95 7 1.013 25.7 1908 2840 703 0.0292 0.74 19 1.022 26.0 1923 2862
550 000 279 ... 427 0.0359 0.91 7 0.969 24.6 1749 2603 703 0.0280 0.71 19 0.980 24.9 1768 2632
500 000 253 ... 259 0.0439 1.12 7 0.922 23.4 1579 2350 427 0.0342 0.87 7 0.923 23.4 1587 2362
450 000 228 ... 259 0.0417 1.06 7 0.876 22.3 1425 2120 427 0.0325 0.83 7 0.878 22.3 1433 2133
400 000 203 ... 259 0.0393 1.00 7 0.825 21.0 1265 1883 427 0.0306 0.78 7 0.826 21.0 1271 1891
350 000 177 ... 259 0.0368 0.93 7 0.773 19.6 1109 1651 427 0.0286 0.73 7 0.772 19.6 1110 1652
300 000 152 ... 259 0.0340 0.86 7 0.714 18.1 947 1409 427 0.0265 0.67 7 0.716 18.2 953 1418
250 000 127 ... 259 0.0311 0.79 7 0.653 16.6 792 1179 427 0.0242 0.61 7 0.653 16.6 795 1183
211 600 107 0000 133 0.0399 1.01 7 0.599 15.2 667 992 259 0.0286 0.73 7 0.601 15.3 670 997
167 800 85.0 000 133 0.0355 0.90 7 0.533 13.5 528 785 259 0.0255 0.65 7 0.536 13.6 533 793
133 100 67.4 00 133 0.0316 0.80 7 0.474 12.0 418 622 259 0.0227 0.58 7 0.477 12.1 422 628
105 600 53.5 0 133 0.0282 0.72 7 0.423 10.7 333 495 259 0.0202 0.51 7 0.424 10.8 334 497
83 690 42.4 1 133 0.0251 0.64 7 0.377 9.58 264 393 259 0.0180 0.46 7 0.378 9.60 265 395
66 360 33.6 2 49 0.0368 0.93 7 0.331 8.41 207 308 259 0.0160 0.41 7 0.335 8.51 210 312
52 620 26.7 3 49 0.0328 0.83 7 0.295 7.49 164 245 133 0.0199 0.51 7 0.299 7.59 166 247
41 740 21.1 4 49 0.0292 0.74 7 0.263 6.68 130 194 133 0.0177 0.45 7 0.266 6.76 131 195
33 090 16.8 5 49 0.0260 0.66 7 0.234 5.94 103 154 133 0.0158 0.40 7 0.237 6.02 105 156
26 240 13.3 6 49 0.0231 0.59 7 0.208 5.28 81.5 121 133 0.0140 0.36 7 0.210 5.33 82.1 122
20 820 10.5 7 49 0.0206 0.52 7 0.185 4.70 64.8 96.5 133 0.0125 0.32 7 0.188 4.78 65.4 97.4
16 510 8.37 8 49 0.0184 0.47 7 0.166 4.22 51.7 77.0 133 0.0111 0.28 7 0.167 4.24 51.6 76.8
13 090 6.63 9 49 0.0163 0.41 7 0.148 3.76 40.6 60.4 133 0.0099 0.25 7 0.149 3.78 41.0 61.1
10 380 5.26 10 49 0.0146 0.37 7 0.131 3.33 32.6 48.5
6530 3.31 12 49 0.0115 0.29 7 0.104 2.64 20.2 30.1
4110 2.08 14 49 0.0092 0.23 7 0.083 2.11 12.9 19.2
A
The constructions shown in this table are typical of those used in the industry. It is not intended that this table preclude other constructions using the sametotal number
of wires which may be desirable for specific applications. The constructions shown provide for a finished, non-covered, stranded conductor approximately of the area
indicated. When specified by the purchaser, the number or size of wires may be increased to provide additional area to compensate for draw-down during subsequent
processing.
B
Values for the nominal diameter and mass of the completed conductor are approximate. The mass values are based upon the standard stranding increments listed
in Explanatory Note 6.

8. Physical and Electrical Tests

8.1 Tests for the electrical properties of wires composing conductors made from soft or annealed copper wire, bare or coated,
shall be made before stranding.
8.2 Tests for the physical properties of soft or annealed copper wire, bare or coated, may be made upon the wires before
stranding or upon wires removed from the completed stranded conductors, but need not be made upon both. Care shall be taken
to avoid mechanical injury and stretching when removing wires from the conductor for the purpose of testing.
8.3 The physical properties of wire when tested before stranding shall conform to the applicable requirements of 11.1.
8.4 The physical properties of wires removed from the completed stranded conductor shall be permitted to vary from the
applicable requirements of 11.1 by the following amounts: (Explanatory Note 4):
8.4.1 Average of Results Obtained on All Wires Tested—The percent minimum elongation may be reduced by the value of 5 %

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 B 173 – 01a
from the values required for unstranded wires as specified by Specifications B 3, B 33, or B 189, as applicable. For example, where
the unstranded wire specification requires minimum elongation of 30 %, wire of that material removed from Specification B 173
stranded conductor shall meet a minimum elongation value of 25 %, a value 5 % reduction.
8.4.2 Results Obtained on Individual Wires—The percent minimum elongation may be reduced by the value of 15 % from the
values required for unstranded wires as specified by Specifications B 3, B 33, or B 189, as applicable. For example, where the
unstranded wire specification requires minimum elongation of 30 %, wire of that material removed from Specification B 173
stranded conductor shall meet a minimum elongation value of 15 %. If the reduction results in minimum elongation of less than
5 %, a minimum of 5 % shall apply.
8.5 In the event that the requirements prescribed in 8.4.2 are met, but those prescribed in 8.4.1 are not met, a retest shall be
permitted wherein all wires of a conductor of 100 wires or less, or 100 wires selected at random throughout a conductor of more
than 100 wires shall be tested for the purpose of final determination for conformance to 8.4.
8.6 Elongation tests to determine compliance shall not be made on the conductor as a unit.
8.7 If a tinning, lead-coating, or lead-alloy-coating test is required, it shall be made on the wires prior to stranding.

9. Density
9.1 For the purpose of calculating mass, cross sections, etc., the density of copper shall be taken as 8.89 g/cm 3 (0.32117 lb/in.3)
at 20°C (Explanatory Note 5).

10. Mass and Resistance

10.1 The mass and electrical resistance of a unit length of stranded conductor are a function of the length of lay. The
approximate mass and electrical resistance may be determined using the standard increments shown in Explanatory Note 6. When
greater accuracy is desired, the increment based on the specific lay of the conductor may be calculated (Explanatory Note 7).

11. Requirements for Wires

11.1 The purchaser shall designate the type of wire and type of coating, if any, to be used in the conductor.
11.1.1 Before stranding, uncoated wire shall meet the requirements of Specification B 3.
11.1.2 Before stranding, tinned wire shall meet the requirements of Specification B 33.
11.1.3 Before stranding, lead coated and lead-alloy coated wire shall meet the requirements of Specification B 189.
11.2 These requirements shall not prohibit the manufacture of conductors from uncoated hard-drawn wires which are annealed
after stranding.

12. Variation in Area

12.1 The calculated area of cross section of a stranded conductor expressed in circular mils shall be the product of the square
of the specified diameter in mils of the individual wires times the number of wires prescribed (Note 1).
NOTE 1—The calculated area of such cables as may incorporate more than one size of component wires should be the sum of the areas of the different
sizes of wires.
12.2 The area of cross section of a completed stranded conductor designated as an AWG size shall be not less than 98 % of the
area indicated in Column 1 of Table 1 for sizes 211 600 cmil (107 mm2) and smaller. The area of cross section of a completed
stranded conductor not designated as an AWG size shall be not less than 98 % of a calculated value obtained as prescribed in 10.1
12.3 The area of cross section of a conductor shall be determined by Test Method B 263. In applying this method, the increment
of linear density resulting from stranding may be the applicable value listed in Explanatory Note 6 or may be calculated from the
measured component dimensions of the sample under test. In case of question regarding area compliance, the actual linear density
increment due to stranding shall be calculated

13. Inspection
13.1 All tests and inspection shall be made at the place of manufacture unless otherwise especially agreed upon between the
manufacturer and the purchaser at the time of purchase. The manufacturer shall afford the inspector representing the purchaser all
reasonable facilities, without charge, to satisfy him that the material is being furnished in accordance with this specification.

14. Packaging and Package Marking

14.1 Package sizes for conductors shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser in the placing of individual
orders.
14.2 The conductors shall be protected against damage in ordinary handling and shipping. If heavy wood lagging is required,
it shall be specified by the purchaser at the time of purchase.

15. Marking
15.1 The net mass, length (or lengths, if more than one length is included in the package), size, kind of conductor, purchase
order number, and any other marks required by the purchase order shall be marked on a tag attached to the end of the conductor

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 B 173 – 01a
inside of the package. The same information, together with the manufacturer’s serial number (if any) and all shipping marks
required by the purchaser, shall appear on the outside of each package.
16. Keywords
16.1 copper electrical conductor; electrical conductor—copper; rope-lay-stranded copper conductors; stranded copper conduc-
tor

EXPLANATORY NOTES

NOTE 1—In this specification only rope-lay-stranded conductors constructed with concentric-stranded members are designated. Requirements for
rope-lay-stranded conductors constructed with bunch-stranded members will be found in Specification B 172. Requirements for concentric-lay-stranded
conductors will be found in Specification B 8.
NOTE 2—For definitions of terms relating to conductors, reference should be made to ANSI C42.35 and Terminology B 354.
NOTE 3—Certain types of insulated conductors may require a shorter lay than other conductors. It is expected that departures from the provisions of
this specification because of special requirements relative to length of lay, direction of lay, and direction of lay of successive layers will be agreed upon
by the manufacturer and the purchaser.
NOTE 4—Wires removed from stranded conductors and straightened for tests will have altered physical properties due to cold working of the material.
The reduced elongation requirement for wires removed from stranded conductors reflects this condition.
NOTE 5—The value of density of copper is in accordance with the International Annealed Copper Standard. The corresponding value at 0°C is 8.90
g/cm 3 (0.32150 lb/in.3). Density calculations involving coated wire should consider the variation of coated wire density from the density of uncoated
copper wire. The relative affect of the coating density on the overall wire density becomes greater as wire diameters decrease.
NOTE 6—The following values approximate the incremental increase in mass and the incremental decrease in resistance of rope-lay stranded conductor
as a result of stranding. The values are sufficiently accurate for most purposes and may be used when more precise values are not available. They are
as follows:
Increment of
Linear Density
Construction and Resistance, %
Rope-lay-stranded conductors
(Classes G and H):
49 wires or less 3
133 wires 4
259 wires 4.5
427 wires 5
Over 427 wires 6

NOTE 7—Any calculation of the increment of mass or electrical resistance, k, of a rope-lay-stranded conductor involves two independent calculations:
(1) Determination of the increment due to stranding of the individual members, and
(2) Determination of the increment due to twisting these members to form the completed conductor.
In the case of a rope-lay-stranded conductor having concentric-stranded members, the increment k, in percent, may be expressed as:
k 5 km 1 k a 1 km ka /100

where:
k m = is the increment of mass or electrical resistance, in percent, of an individual concentric-stranded member before twisting into the completed
conductor, calculated as described in Specification B 8, Note 9
k a = is the increment of mass or electrical resistance, in percent, due to twisting the concentric-stranded members into the completed conductor,
calculated as described in Specification B 8, Note 9, with each member considered as an individual wire.

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 B 173 – 01a

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