POST-1986 AGRARIAN REFORM

The overthrow of Marcos and the 1987 constitution

resulted in a renewed interest and attention to agrarian
reform as President Corazon Aquino envisioned agrarian
reform to be centerpiece of her administration’s social
legislation, which provide difficult because her
background betrayed her-she came from a family of a
wealthy and landed clan that owned the Hacienda
Luisita.

On 22 July 1987, Aquino issued Presidential Proclamation

131 and Executive Order 299, which outlined her land
reform program. In 1988 the Congress passed Republic
Act No. 6657 or the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law
(CARL), which introduced the program with the same
name (Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program or
CARL). It enabled the redistribution of agricultural lands to
tenant-farmers landowners, who were paid in exchange by
the government through just compensation and allowed
them retain not more the five hectares. Corporate
landowners were however, allowed under law to
voluntarily divest a proportion of their capital stock, equity,
or participation in favor of their workers or other qualified
beneficiaries instead of turning over their land to the
government.
CARP was limited because it accomplished 22.5% of
landed elite, was unwilling to fund the high compensation
costs of the program. It was also mired in controversy,
since Aquino seemingly bowed down to the pressure of
her relatives by allowing the stock redistribution option.
Hacienda Luisita reorganized itself into a corporation and
distributed stock to farmers.
Under the term of President Ramos, CARP
implementation was speeded in order to meet the ten-year
time frame, despite limitation and constraints in funding,
logistics and participation of involved sectors, By 1996, the
Department of Agrarian Reform(DAR) distributed only
58.25% of the total area target to be covered be the
program. To address the lacking funding and the dwindling
time for the implementation of CARP, Ramos signed
Republic Act No. 8532 in 1998 to amend CARL and
extend the program to another ten years.

CARPER AND THE FUTURE OF AGRARIAN

REFORM IN THE PHILIPPINES

The new deadline of CARP expired in 2008,

leaving 1.2 million farmers beneficiaries and 1.6
million hectares of agricultural land to be
distributed to farmers. In 2009, President
Arroyo signed Republic Act No. 9700 or
(CARPER), the amendatory law that extended
the deadline of five more years. Section 30 of
the law also mandates that any case and\or
proceeding involving the implementation of the
provision of CARP, as to proceed to its finality
and executed even beyond such date.

From 2009 to 2014, CARPER has distributed a

total of 1 million hectares of land to 900.00
farmer beneficiaries. After 27 years of land
reform and two Aquino administrations, 500,000
hectares of lands remain undistributed. The
DAR and the Department of Environment and
Natural Resources (DENR) are the government
agencies mandated to fulfill CARP and
CARPER ,but even the combined effort and
resources of the two agencies have proved
incapable of fully achieving the goal of agrarian
reform in the Philippines. The same problems
have plagued its implementation the powerful
landed. Until these two challenges are
surmounted, genuine agrarian reform in the
Philippines remain but s landownership for
centures.
AGUSAN DEL SUR STATE COLLECE OF
AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOY

WRITTEN REPORT
IN
READING IN PHILIPPINE HISTORY

SUBMITTED TO:
MR: DARELL ALCANDO
INSTRACTOR

SUBMETTED BY:
ANIE ROSE A. DUMAPLIN
CURATO