IPV6

Q: IPv6 does not support which of the following addressing modes? [ISRO 2013]
a) Unicast addressing
b) Multicast addressing
c) Broadcast addressing
d) Anycast addressing

C)
Broadcast Addressing. IPv6 does not implement traditional IP broadcast, and therefore
does not define broadcast addresses. In IPv6, the same result can be achieved by sending
a packet to the link-local all nodes multicast group which is analogous to IPv4 multicast.

Q: Made Easy

Ans: B
IPv6 is generally connectionless, but it can be made connection-oriented using the flow lable
so we can say that it is connection oriented
so B is correct

 In a connectionless service, there is no setup and teardown phases. Each packet is

independent from every other packet. Communication has only one phase: data
transfer.
 In connection-oriented service, a virtual connection is established between the
sender and the receiver before transferring data. Communication has three
phases: setup, data transfer, and teardown.
 IPv4 provides a connectionless service;
 IPv6 normally provides a connectionless service, but it can provide a connection
oriented service if flow label field is used.

Q: True or false -
1. In Ipv4 fragmentation can be done both at Source and intermediate routers.
2. In Ipv6 fragmentation can be done only at Source and not intermediate routers.
3. In both IPv6/4 reassembly is done only at the destination.
4. Ipv6 is connection-less or connection-oriented?

Ans: All TRUE

Q:
Ans: Stateless: it is meant for hosts that generates it's own address.
Stateful : it is meant for hosts that obtain address from outside (external servers).
In IPV4 , DHCP provides this facility of giving IPv4 address to host.------------Stateful
In IPV6, DHCPv6 provides IPv6 addresses to host.
and further in IPV6 without use of external servers IP address is obtained, via Link-local
address and other mechanisms.
So IPv4 is Stateful and IPv6 can be Stateful and stateless

Q: Which of the following statements are true?

(a) The fragmentation fields in the base header section of IPv4 have moved to the
fragmentation extension header in IPv6.
(2) The authentication extension header is new in IPv6.
(3) The record route option is not implemented in IPv6. [UGC 2017]

A. (a) and (b) Only B. (b) and (c) Only C. (a) and (c) Only D. (a), (b) and (c)

Ans: D // all are TRUE

Q:

[Made Easy]

Ans: A
Because link local address will act as private address in IPv6 as comparing to IP v4.
While global link address will act as public address in IPv6

Link local address is because we are not taking individually router in it. or you can think it
is a single network without any router.

Q: Which of the following is true?

A) In IPv6 broadcasting is used to send packet to every host inside a network.
B) In IPv6 for Path MTU discovery ICMP protocol is used.
C) Flooding always guaranteed to send the packet from source to destination with
minimum number of hops.
D) Both b and c.

Ans: D
Both B) and C) are correct, flooding always guarantee shortest path.

Q: Consider the following statements with respect to IPv6 : [Made Easy]

S1 : IPv6 packet has field for the header checksum.
S2 : It has an explicit extension header for fragmentation.
S3 : It has encrypted security payload (ESP) extension header that ensures the integrity of
the data.
Which of the given statements is correct?
A Only S1 and S3
B Only S2 and S3
C Only S2
D None of these

Ans: Given answer is B

Q: Consider the following IP header(hexadecimal format) from an IP packet received, in
which the checksum is set to 0.
“4500 003C 1C46 4000 4006 0000 AC10 0A63 AC10 0A0C”.
What is the checksum value calculated at destination?
a. E419
b. B1E6
c. E6B1
d. 4E19

Ans: B
Yes, option b is correct. I didn't read the question properly.
Question is asking for the destination checksum.
4500 + 003C + 1C46 + 4000 + 4006 + 0000 + AC10 + 0A63 + AC10 + 0A0C = 24E17.
Now add the carry bit.--> 2+ 4E17 = 4E19.
For destination. FFFF - 4E19 = B1E6..

Q: IPv6 uses 16-byte addresses. If a block of 1 million addresses is allocated every

picoseconds, how long will the addresses last? [Tanenbaum]

Ans: No. of IP addresses: 2^128 . Log base 2 is 128

Addresses supplied in a second is 10^6/(10^-12) = 10^18 log base 2 of this is 18 *
log[BASE 2] 10. = 12 * 3.3219 (approx) = 59.7942
128 - 59.7942 = 68.2058
Now log [BASE 2] (no. of seconds in a year of 365.25 days) = 24.9115
Therefore, 68.2058 - 24.9115 = 43.2943
So, No. of years is 2^(43.2943)
If approx answer is needed then 2^43 is 8796093022208 and 2^0.2943 is 1.2263
Multiply to get approx 1.07866*10^11 years

Q: Explain the statements are True or False

(1) IPV4 connectionless protocol
(2) IPV6 connectionless protocol
(3) IPV4 cannot guarantee delivery of packet and also not guarantee duplicate packets are
avoided at receiver side
(4) IPV6 cannot guarantee delivery of packet and also not guarantee duplicate packets are
avoided at receiver side

Ans: (1) IPV4 connectionless protocol, YES it is TRUE

(2) IPV6 connectionless protocol[TURE]. IPV6 connect oriented services that are given by RSVP.
(3) IPV4 cannot guarantee delivery of packet and also not guarantee duplicate packets are avoided
at receiver side. [TRUE].
Note:- (IPV4 and IPV6 are unreliable protocol which means it doesn't guarantee to delivery of IP
packet but make "best effort" to deliver IP packet. handle by ICMP/ ICMPv6 destination
unreachable)
(4) IPV6 cannot guarantee delivery of packet and also not guarantee duplicate packets are avoided
at receiver side[TRUE]
All say 3rd one TRUE || IPV6 connection oriented using Flow control
https://gateoverflow.in/178282/ipv4-and-ipv6